I came home to find my house on fire. Vocabulary - Ex. 1 - 2b to find/realize/discover/learn that... ･･･ということに気づく (to) yell “surprise” - afterwards - その後 (be) much lower than (something) （何か）よりもはるかに低い｢surprise｣と叫ぶ (a) burglar - 泥棒 (to) check (my weight) （私の体重）を量る (to) lose (2 kilograms) （２キロ）やせる (to) go for a drive ドライブに出かける (to) get stuck in heavy traffic 交通渋滞につかまる (to) fail (a test) -（試験）に落ちる (a) bunch of overdue bills 多くの未払い請求書 (a) sink full of dirty dishes 汚れた皿でいっぱいの流し (to) sleep with the lights on 電気をつけたまま寝る (be) disappointed - 失望する (to) think (I did something well) （何かをうまくやれた）と思う (be) loud enough - 十分な音量である (to) improve (something) （何か）を改善する communication skills コミュニケーション能力 What happened to (you)? （あなた）に何がありましたか？ (a) job interview - 仕事の面接 (to) get on (the plane) （飛行機）に乗る (to be) made to wait - 待たされる (to) take off - 離陸する (to) get caught in a downpour どしゃ降りにあう Ex. 3 - 5 (to be) remodeled - 改築される (a) medical conference - 医学会 (to) write (a report) (a) poster presentation - ポスター発表（レポート、報告書）を書く (to) memorize (something) （何か）を暗記する (to) do the wrong assignment (the) listeners’ questions 聴取者、リスナーからの質問間違った課題をする the average life span - 平均寿命 Notes:_______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 1. 下の1にならって、2 - 10 の文とA - Nの写真または絵を一致させましょう。問題によっては複数の組み合わせが可能です。 1. I opened the door... ( A / C / K ) A 2. I went skiing... ( _____ ) 3. I came home... ( _____ ) 4. I took the test... ( _____ ) 5. I woke up... ( _____ ) 6. I went into the kitchen... ( _____ ) (and I) saw a happy snowman. 7. I checked my weight... ( _____ ) 8. I turned on the lights... ( _____ ) B 9. I went for a drive... ( _____ ) 10. I opened my mailbox... ( _____ ) (and I) found my house on fire. C D (and I) heard everyone yell “Surprise!” (and I) found a letter from my _________ (and I) discovered that I lost (2 kilograms). (and I) found a bunch of overdue bills. E G F (but I) failed again. J (but I) broke my wrist. K (and I) found a burglar in my house. H I (but I) sprained my ankle. (but I) got stuck in heavy traffic. N L (but I) got into a small accident. (and I) realized I had slept with the lights on. M (but I) found the sink full of dirty dishes. 2a. 下の例1a - 2b を見ましょう。 1a. I opened the door and I found a happy snowman. 1b. I opened the door to find a happy snowman. ‘and I found’ が不定詞‘to find’に書き換えられている点に着目しましょう。注意 - ‘found → to find’. 2a. I went skiing but I broke my wrist. 2b. I went skiing only to break my wrist. ここでも‘but I broke’が不定詞‘only to 注意 - ‘broke → to break’. break’に書き換えられています。上記の不定詞は、ドアを開けたら、happy snowman がいることに気づいたことや、スキーに行って、結局（その結果）、手首を骨折したというように、結果を表しています。 1 2b. exercise ‘to + の 3 - 10 の文を書き換えましょう。文同士が ‘and’ で繋がれていれ動詞’、‘but’で繋がれていれば、‘only to + 動詞’を用いて書き換えまば、す。尚、動詞には必ず原形を用いましょう。 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 8. __________________________________________________________ 9. __________________________________________________________ 10. __________________________________________________________ ‘only to + 動詞’は、良い結果を期待したけれど、実際は悪い結果になった時に用います。“I took the test only to fail.”この文は、合格することを期待して試験を受けたけれど、実際は落ちてしまったということを意味します。‘only to + 動詞’は、たいていは悪い事柄について用います。‘to + 動詞’は、まったく予想していなかったことに用います。- “I came home to find my house on fire.” この場合、家が火事になるとはまったく予想していなかったことになります。 Ren, and Ruri are young doctors. Recently, 3. Ryo, they went to Canada for a medical conference. There, they had to make poster presentations. When they came back to Japan, their university professor asked them how their presentations went. 下の会話文を読み、質問に答えましょう。 Professor - How was your poster presentation Ryo? Ryo - I memorized (my) presentation very well, only to find that (I) couldn't answer the listeners’ questions afterwards. Professor - That’s not good. How about your presentation, Ren? Ren - My presentation went really well. But later, (I) had dinner with doctors from other countries, only to realize that (my) English was much lower than theirs. (I) was disappointed that (I) couldn’t communicate well with them. Professor - That’s too bad. How about your presentation, Ruri? Ruri - Well, (I) thought (I) made a good presentation, only to be told later that (I) didn’t speak loud enough and many people couldn’t hear me well. Professor - All of you need to improve (your) English communication skills. Conversation Questions - ‘only to’ + 動詞の原形を‘but...’ + 動詞の過去形に換えて答えましょう。 1. What happened to Ryo? (He) m____________ (his) p______________ very hard, but (he) f _ _ _ _ that he couldn’t answer the listeners’ questions afterwards. 2. What happened to Ren? ( ___ ) had __________ ______ ___________ _________ other countries, ______ ( ____ ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that ( ____ ) ___________ __________________ ________ ________ __________ 3. What happened to Ruri? ( ___ ) ________ ( ___ ) _______ __ ______ ____________, _____ ( ____ ) w _ _ t_____ l_______ t_____ ( ____ ) _________________________________________________________ 4. What did the professor tell the three young doctors? He told them that they need _________________________________________________ 5 10 4. 前ページの会話文の10 行目を見ての通り、結果を表す不定詞は受動態でも用いることができます。“...only to be told... → I was told...” 例Aを参考にBの空欄を埋めましょう。 A. I had a job interview yesterday at UNIQLO, but I was told that my English wasn’t good enough. ↓ I had a job interview yesterday at UNIQLO, only to be told that my English wasn’t good enough. B. We got on the plane, but we were made to wait two hours before we could take off. ↓ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 5. このレッスンでは結果を表す不定詞に焦点を当ててきました。目的を表す不定詞と比較して、理解を深めましょう。例C と D を見ましょう。 C. I came home to find the door unlocked. Cの文は、家に帰ってから起きた出来事を示しています。つまり、結果結果に当たり結果ます。 D. I went to the bank to borrow money. Dの文は銀行に行った理由（お金を借りるため）を示しており、実際にお金を借りれたのかどうかはわかりません。つまり、この文では、なぜ銀行に行ったのかという理由理由のみわかるのです。下と次ページに続く 1 - 10の文を読み、それぞれの理由空欄に‘結果’か‘理由’のどちらかを記入しましょう。 1. We went to the park, only to get caught in a downpour. _________ 2. We went to the park to hear a jazz concert. _________ 3. I went back to my hometown to see my high school friends. _________ 4. I went back to my hometown to discover that my high school had been remodeled. _________ 5. I read 20 pages last night to be able to write my report. _________ 6. I read 20 pages last night, only to realize that I did the wrong assignment. _________ 7. I moved to Tokyo to find a new job. _________ 8. I moved to Tokyo, only to find that there were no good jobs. _________ 9. I studied English in school for many years. Then, I went to America, only to learn that I couldn’t communicate well with foreigners. _________ 10. We should learn English to communicate with people. _________ Did you know that the average life span of a sea lion is 25 years? Well, my grandmother lived to be 35 years old!