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„µ¦®µª´­—»šÎµÁ¢g°Šš¸ÉŸnµœ„¦³ªœ„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…ÈŠš¸É¤¸…¸—‹Îµ„´—‡ªµ¤¨oµ­¼Š­»—
Gear’s material selection and Surface Hardening Process for highest
endurance limit
–¦Š‡rÁ— ¡´•œÅ¡¼¨¥r1* „·˜˜·£´‘ ¦´˜œ‹´œš¦r 2
1
£µ‡ª·µÁš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸ª·«ª„¦¦¤„µ¦ÁºÉ°¤ 2£µ‡ª·µÁš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸ª·«ª„¦¦¤Á‡¦ºÉ°Š„¨ ª·š¥µ¨´¥Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸°»˜­µ®„¦¦¤
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E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] 2
Narongdet Pattanaphiboon1* Kittiphat Rattanachan 2
1
Department of Welding Engineering Technology, 2Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology,
Collage of Industrial Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok
E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] 2
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‹µ„„µ¦¨oµ˜´ª…°Šª´­—» (Fatigue Failures) ĜŠµœª·‹´¥œ¸Ê‹¹ŠÅ—o¤»nŠÁœoœš¸É„µ¦«¹„¬µ‡ªµ¤¨oµ˜´ª…°Š Á®¨È„„¨oµ DIN
1.6582, DIN 1.7225 š¸ÉŸnµœ„¦³ªœ„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ„¦³Â­Á®œ¸¥ªœÎµ ¨³Á®¨È„„¨oµ DIN 1.5919, DIN
1.7131 ¨³ JIS SCM415 š¸ÉŸnµœ„¦³ªœ„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…ȊÂ„p­‡µ¦r»Å¦‡r š¸Éœ·¥¤ÄošÎµÁ¡¨µ ¨³Á¢g°ŠÄœž¦³Áš«
Ś¥Ã—¥„ε®œ—´ÊœÂ…ÈŠ¨¹„š¸É 0.8 ¤·¨¨·Á¤˜¦ ¨³š—­°‡ªµ¤¨oµÂ®¤»œ—´— (Rotating Bending Fatigue)ץčo
‡ªµ¤Á¦Èª¦°š¸É 3,000 ¦°˜n°œµš¸ …œµ—…°Š·Êœš—­°Á˜¦¸¥¤˜µ¤¤µ˜¦“µœ DIN 50113 ‹µ„„µ¦š—­°
Á¡ºÉ°­¦oµŠ„¦µ¢ S-N Curve ¡ªnµ Á®¨È„„¨oµ DIN 1.5919 Ÿnµœ„¦³ªœ„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…ȊÂ„p­‡µ¦r»Å¦‡r¤¸‡nµ
‡ªµ¤˜oµœ„µ¦¨oµ˜´ª­¼Š­»—
‡Îµ®¨´„ ‡ªµ¤Á­¸¥®µ¥‹µ„„µ¦¨oµ˜´ª š—­°‡ªµ¤¨oµÂ®¤»œ—´— „µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…ȊÂ„p­‡µ¦r»Å¦‡r
Abstract
The deterioration of machine tool in mass production industrial made the severity of loss of production
process. The most damage is occurs on the transmission system, such as the fracture of drive shaft
and/or gear tooth fracture or gear tooth deformation. The main causes of failure are composing of first
material properties, second the production process, and third the environmental. Therefore, it is
necessary to study and learn about the characteristics of the damage’s mechanic of the parts material.
So it’s necessary to study the failure or damage mechanic of the components of the machine tools to
make the right maintenance. From the data, the most 80 to 90 percent of failure parts is due to the
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16-18 ˜»¨µ‡¤ 2556 ¡´š¥µ ¨»¦¸
fatigue failure of the material. This research’s aimed is to study the life-time of DIN 1.6582 and DIN
1.7225 steel, that induction hardening and DIN 1.5919, DIN 1.7131 and JIS SCM415 steel that surface
carburizing. Those two groups of steel commonly used for shaft and gear. The case depth is 0.8 mm,
the rotating bending fatigue testing machine is using to construction the S-N curve. The test is run at
3,000 rpm, the size of the test piece prepared according to DIN 50113 standard. The result from S-N
Curve shown that the DIN 1.5919 steel with surface carburized is the highest endurance limit.
Keywords: Fatigue Failures, Rotating Bending Fatigue, Gas carburizing
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3. ª·›¸„µ¦ª·‹´¥
Á˜¦¸¥¤·ÊœŠµœš—­°˜µ¤¤µ˜¦“µœ¤µ˜¦“µœ DIN
50113šÎµ„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ×¥Á®¨È„„¨oµ DIN 1.6582 ¨³
DIN 1.7225 šÎµ„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ„¦³Â­Á®œ¸¥ªœÎµ
Á®¨È„„¨oµ DIN 1.5919, DIN 1.7131 ¨³ JIS SCM415
šÎµ„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…ȊÂ‡µ¦r»Å¦Ž·ÉŠ ×¥Á®¨È„„¨oµÂ˜n
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š¸É 0.8 ¤·¨¨·Á¤˜¦ ¨oªšÎµ„µ¦°‡ºœ˜´ª
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Á„¦—
%C %Si %Mn %Cr %Mo %Ni
1.7225
1.5919
1.7131
SCM41
5
Á®¨È„„¨oµ
1.6582
30 ·Êœ
Á®¨È„„¨oµ
1.6582
30 ·Êœ
„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…ȊÂ
‡µ¦r»Å¦Ž·ÉŠ
Á®¨È„„¨oµ
1.6582
30 ·Êœ
Á®¨È„„¨oµ
1.6582
30 ·Êœ
Á®¨È„„¨oµ 1.6582
30 ·Êœ
š—­°´ÊœÂ…ÈŠ¨¹„˜µ¤¤µ˜¦“µœ JIS G 0557
š—­°‡ªµ¤¨oµš¸É‡ªµ¤Á¦Èª¦° 3000 ¦°˜n°œµš¸
˜µ¤¤µ˜¦“µœ DIN 50113
Á®¨È„
1.6582
„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ
„¦³Â­Á®œ¸¥ªœÎµ
0.30.38
0.380.45
0.120.17
0.140.19
0.130.18
0.10.4
0.10.4
0.10.4
0.10.4
0.150.35
0.50.8
0.60.9
0.60.9
1.01.3
0.60.85
1.31.7
0.91.2
0.91.2
0.81.1
0.91.2
0.150.3
0.150.3
-
1.31.7
1.21.5
-
0.15- 0.3
¦¼žš¸É 5 ­—Š…´Êœ˜°œŠµœª·‹´¥
„µ¦˜¦ª‹­°´ÊœÂ…ÈŠ¨¹„…°Š·ÊœŠµœ ˜µ¤¤µ˜¦“µœ
JIS G 0557 ×¥¤¸…´Êœ˜°œ—´ÊŠœ¸Ê ·Êœš—¨°Š‹³™¼„œÎµ¤µ˜´—
˜µ¤…ªµŠ—o ª¥Á‡¦ºÉ °Š˜´ —Á¥È œÂ¨³‹³™¼„œÎµ¤µ…¹Êœ ˜´ ª
Á¦º °œ—´Š¦¼ žš¸É 6 ®¨´ Š‹µ„œ´Ê œ‹³™¼„œÎµ¤µ…´ —×¥Á¦·É¤ ‹µ„
„µ¦…´—®¥µ …´—¨³Á°¸¥— ¨³…´—¤´œœÎµ¤µª´—´ÊœÂ…ÈŠ¨¹„
—o ª ¥Á‡¦ºÉ ° Šš—­°‡ªµ¤Â…È Š ‹» ¨ £µ‡ (Micro
hardness tester) —´Š¦¼žš¸É 7
„µ¦°°„„µ¦š—¨°Š…°ŠŠµœª·‹´¥œ¸Ê ¤¸…´Êœ˜°œ„µ¦
š—¨°Š…°ŠŠµœª·‹´¥œ¸Ê­—ŠÄœ¦¼žš¸É 5
¦¼žš¸É 6 ·Êœš—­°š¸É…¹Êœ˜´ªÁ¦º°œ¡¦o°¤ª´—´ÊœÂ…ÈŠ¨¹„
„µ¦ž¦³»¤ª·µ„µ¦…nµ¥Šµœª·«ª„¦¦¤°»˜­µ®„µ¦ ž¦³‹Îµže ¡.«. 2556
16-18 ˜»¨µ‡¤ 2556 ¡´š¥µ ¨»¦¸
¦¼žš¸É 7 Á‡¦ºÉ°Šš—­°‡ªµ¤Â…Ȋ‹»¨£µ‡
(Micro hardness tester)
„µ¦š—­°‡ªµ¤¨o µ ·Ê œ š—¨°Š …œµ—Á­o œ Ÿn µ œ
«¼œ¥r„¨µŠ 19 ¤¤. ¥µª 200 ¤¤. „¨¹Š¨—…œµ—˜µ¤
¤µ˜¦“µœ DIN 50113 ×¥¤¸…œµ— do Ášnµ„´ 8 ¤¤. ra
Ášnµ„´ 74 ¤¤. ¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥—…°ŠÂ·ÊœŠµœÂ­—Š—´Š¦¼žš¸É
8 œÎµ·Êœš—¨°Š¤µ…´—„¦³—µ¬š¦µ¥ Á°¦r 1500, 2000
¨³š—­°‡ªµ¤¨o µ —o ª ¥š—­°‡ªµ¤¨o µ ¨o µ 
äÁ¤œ˜r—´—Š°‡Šš¸É (Constant bending moment) ­—Š
—´Š¦¼žš¸É 9
(…)
¦¼žš¸É 9 Á‡¦ºÉ°Šš—­°‡ªµ¤¨oµÂÃ¤Á¤œ˜r—´—Š°‡Šš¸É
(„) ¦¼ž—oµœ…oµŠÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š (…) ¦¼ž—oµœ®œoµÁ‡¦ºÉ°ŠÂ­—Š˜ÎµÂ®œnŠÂ¦Š
4. Ÿ¨„µ¦š—¨°Š
Ÿ¨„µ¦š—¨°Š…°ŠŠµœª·‹´¥ Ĝ—oµœª´—´ÊœÂ…ÈŠ¨¹„
…°Š·Ê œ Šµœ»  Ÿ· ª Â…È Š ‡µ¦r » Å ¦Ž·É Š …°ŠÁ®¨È „ „¨o µ
DIN 1.5919, DIN 1.7131 ¨³ JIS SCM415 ´ÊœÂ…ÈŠ¨¹„
°¥¼n š¸É ‡n µ ‡ªµ¤Â…È Š 550 Hv ¨³ ·Ê œ Šµœ„µ¦»  Ÿ· ª Â…È Š
„¦³Â­Á®œ¸¥ªœÎµÁ®¨È„„¨oµ DIN 1.6582 ¨³
DIN 1.7225 ´ÊœÂ…ÈŠ¨¹„°¥¼nš¸É‡nµ‡ªµ¤Â…ÈŠ 450 Hv Ž¹ÉŠ‹³
¡ªnµ·ÊœŠµœ¤¸‡nµ´ÊœÂ…ÈŠ¨¹„Ä„¨oÁ‡¸¥Š„´œŽ¹ÉŠª´—‡nµ®¨´Š‹µ„
„µ¦»  Ÿ· ª Â…È Š ¨o ª œÎ µ Ş°‡º œ ˜´ ª œ· — ¨³­µ¤·Ê œ
—´Š¦¼žš¸É 10
¦¼žš¸É 8 ·Êœš—­°‡ªµ¤¨oµ ˜µ¤¤µ˜¦“µœ DIN 50113
¦¼žš¸É 10 „¦µ¢‡nµÁŒ¨¸É¥´ÊœÂ…ÈŠ¨¹„…°ŠÁ®¨È„„¨oµÂ˜n¨³œ·—
(„)
Ÿ¨„µ¦ª´—‡ªµ¤¨oµ…°Š·ÊœŠµœ»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ‡µ¦r»
ŦŽ·ÉŠÂ¨³„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ„¦³Â­Á®œ¸¥ªœÎµ—´Š¦¼žš¸É 11
„µ¦ž¦³»¤ª·µ„µ¦…nµ¥Šµœª·«ª„¦¦¤°»˜­µ®„µ¦ ž¦³‹Îµže ¡.«. 2556
16-18 ˜»¨µ‡¤ 2556 ¡´š¥µ ¨»¦¸
¦¼žš¸É 11 „¦µ¢ S-N Curve …°Š·Êœš—­°š¸ÉŸnµœ„µ»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ¨³
°‡ºœ˜´ª„¦µ¢…°ŠÁ®¨È„„¨oµÂ˜n¨³œ·—
5. ­¦»ž
Ÿ¨‹µ„Šµœª· ‹´ ¥ ¡ªn µ Ĝ—o µ œ…°Š´Ê œ Â…È Š ¨¹ „
„¦³ªœ„µ¦» Ÿ· ª Â…È Š ‡µ¦r » Å ¦Ž·É Š Ä®o ´Ê œ Â…È Š ¨¹ „ š¸É
­¤ÉεÁ­¤°„ªnµÂ»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ„¦³Â­Á®œ¸¥ªœÎµ
Ĝ—o µ œ‡n µ ‡ªµ¤˜o µ œ„µ¦¨o µ ¡ªn µ Á®¨È „ „¨o µ š¸É Ÿn µ œ
„¦³ªœ„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ‡µ¦r»Å¦Ž·ÉŠÄ®o‡nµ‡ªµ¤˜oµœ
„µ¦¨oµš¸É—¸„ªnµÂ»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ„¦³Â­Á®œ¸¥ªœÎµÃ—¥
Á®¨È„„¨oµ DIN 1.5919 š¸ÉŸnµœ„¦³ªœ„µ¦»Ÿ·ªÂ…Ȋ
‡ µ ¦r » Å ¦ Ž·É Š Ä ®o ‡n µ ‡ ª µ ¤ ˜o µ œ „ µ ¦ ¨o µ ­¼ Š ­» — à — ¥ ¤¸
‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r¦³®ªnµŠ Stress (S) „´ Number of Cycles
(N) —´Š­¤„µ¦ S = -93.3ln(N) +2405 š¸É R2 = 0.973
¨³¤¸‡nµ…¸—‹Îµ„´—‡ªµ¤¨oµ˜oª (Endurance Limit) š¸É 1093
N/mm2
„·˜˜·„¦¦¤ž¦³„µ«
Šµœª·‹´¥œ¸Êŗo¦´„µ¦­œ´­œ»œ‹µ„ ¦·¬´š —µœ¸¨¸É¢µ¦r
°¸­˜r ‹Îµ„´—
Á°„­µ¦°oµŠ°·Š
[1] S.Farfain, C. Rubio-Fonzaley, T. Crervantes
Hernandez , G.Mesmacque. “High cycle fatigue
low cycle fatigue and failure modes of a
carburized steel” International Journal of
Fatigue 26 (2004), 673-678
[2] ¦«. ¤œ´­ ­™·¦‹·œ—µ. ª·«ª„¦¦¤„µ¦°»Á®¨È„.
¡·¤¡r‡¦´ÊŠš¸É 2. „¦»ŠÁš¡¤®µœ‡¦ : 抡·¤¡r
‹»¯µ¨Š„¦–r¤®µª·š¥µ¨´¥, 2535
[3] ¦«.­¤œ¹„
ª´•œ«¦¸¥„»¨. „µ¦»Â…ÈŠÁ®¨È„„¨oµ
­™µ´ œ Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸ ¡ ¦³‹°¤Á„¨o µ ¡¦³œ‡¦Á®œº °
2542
[4] ¦«.­¤œ¹„ ª´•œ«¦¸¥„»¨. „µ¦š—­°ª´­—» „¦¸œÁª·¨—r
¤¸Á—¸¥, 2549
[5] American Society for Metals. Carburizing and
Carbonitriding American Society,1977.
[6] ASM Handbook Committee. “Metals Handbook
8th Edition.” The American Society for Metals
1973.
[7] C.A. Stick. “Gas Carburizing.” ASM Metals
Handbook, Heat Treatment 4 (1991) : 312-324
[8] F.E.Harris. “Case depth An Attempt Practical
Definition.” Metal Progress, Vol 44, No2, 1943 :
265-272

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