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outdoor-andshort-dayc
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e
m
.
26
S
.Yasuda
I
np
a
r
a
l
l
e
lt
ot
h
e
s
ea
n
a
l
y
s
e
s
，a
l
l
e
l
i
s
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s
t
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o
rt
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e
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rmoreF2 p
o
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e
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o
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e
a
c
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ft
h
r
e
ep
o
s
s
i
b
l
ec
r
o
s
s
e
s among K
i
n
a
i5，Kagoshima G
andMar
i
. N
o
n
y
e
l
l
o
w
i
n
gp
l
a
n
t
swere n
o
tfoundamong t
h
e
s
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y
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r
i
d
s
whengrownundert
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n
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n
.
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o
t
h
e
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e
r
y ea
r
1
yc
u
l
t
i
v
a
r
s
，Kindoku，i
twas c
o
n
f
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e
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o
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h
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e
n
ee
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n
c
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l
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l
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n
t
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t
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h s
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t
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e
nKindoku and K
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n
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r
n
e
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e
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l
o
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n
d
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r
t
h
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i
a
l∞n
d
i
t
i
o
n
.
DISCUSSION
T
a
k
a
h
a
s
h
i and Yasuda(
1
9
6
0
) showed t
h
a
tt
h
ev
e
r
yea
r
1
y ba
r
1
ey
v
a
r
i
e
t
yK
i
n
a
i 5 was d
a
y
n
e
u
t
r
a
lo
ri
n
s
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
et
os
h
o
r
t
p
h
o
t
o
p
e
r
i
o
d，
a
l
t
h
o
u
g
hEnomoto(
1
9
2
9
)p
o
i
n
t
e
do
u
tt
h
a
tt
h
i
sv
a
r
i
e
t
ywass
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
et
o
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
. A
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
gt
oT
a
k
a
h
a
s
h
i andYasuda，K
i
n
a
i5，a
sw
e
l
la
s
t
h
eo
t
h
e
rv
a
r
i
e
t
i
回 s
howsa
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
e
dh
e
a
d
i
n
gt
i
m
ew
i
t
har
i
記 i
nt
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
ew
i
t
h
i
nac
e
r
t
a
i
nt
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
er
a
n
g
e(8-230C
)，s
u
g
g
e
s
t
i
n
gt
h
a
t
1
ey
t
h
e
r
ea
r
eno d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
si
nt
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
es
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
i
t
y among t
h
e bar
関， i
n
c
1u
d
i
n
gK
i
n
a
i5undero
r
d
i
n
a
r
ygrowthc
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
. F
u
r
t
h
e
r
v
a
r
i
e
t
i
more
，i
twasc
o
n
f
i
r
m
e
dt
h
a
tt
h
es
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
i
t
yt
ot
h
es
h
o
r
t
p
h
o
t
o
p
e
r
i
o
dwas
1
1
i
ng t
h
eh
e
a
d
i
n
gt
i
m
eo
ff
a
l
l
s
o
w
n ba
r
1
e
yi
n
t
h
ec
h
i
e
fa
g
e
n
tc
o
n
t
r
o
c
e
n
t
r
a
land s
o
u
t
h
w
e
s
t
e
r
nJ
a
p
a
n(
T
a
k
a
h
a
s
h
iandY
a
s
t
i
d
a
，1
9
5
8
)
. From
t
h
田 ef
i
n
d
i
n
g
s
，i
tmayn
a
t
u
r
a
l
l
yb
ee
x
p
e
c
t
e
dt
h
a
tt
h
eg
e
n
ee
仇 f
o
u
n
di
n
K
i
n
a
i5f
o
rv
e
r
ye
a
r
1
yh
e
a
d
i
n
gu
n
d
e
rt
h
ef
a
l
l
s
o
w
nc
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
ni
sr
e
s
p
o
n
回 f
o
rt
h
en
o
n
s
i
b
l
ef
o
rt
h
ei
n
s
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
i
t
yt
os
h
o
r
t
p
h
o
t
o
p
e
r
i
o
d and a
l
S戸 c
i
f
i
cr
e
s
p
o
n
s
et
ot
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
.
I
tmaybeo
fi
n
t
e陀 5
tt
on
o
t
et
h
a
tt
h
eg
e
n
eea
sr
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
l
ef
o
rt
h
e
ki
戸c
i
a
ls
h
o
r
tp
h
o
t
o
p
e
r
i
o
d
i
cc
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
ni
nwhich
y
e
l
l
o
w
i
n
gr
e
a
c
t
i
o
nt
ot
h
es
i
o
dandh
i
g
hd
u
r
i
n
gt
h
e
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
ewask
e
p
tlowd
u
r
i
n
gt
h
el
i
g
h
t戸 r
d
a
r
kp
e
r
i
o
d
. R
o
b
e
r
t
s(
1
9
4
8
)f
o
u
n
dt
h
a
tsuchas
p
e
c
i
a
lgrowthc
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
moreo
rl
e
s
sd
i
s
t
u
r
b
e
dt
h
ep
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
na
n
d
/
o
ra
c
c
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
no
fc
h
l
o
r
o
p
h
y
l
l
i
np
l
a
n
t
s
. I
tmaybe c
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
e
d
，t
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
，t
h
a
tt
h
egenee
仇
， i
smore
s
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
et
ot
h
es
開c
i
a
lgrowth c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n comparedw
i
t
ht
h
eo
t
h
e
re
a
r
l
i
n
e
sgen
田.
Furthermore
，ap
o
i
n
tworthyo
fm
e
n
t
i
o
n
e
dh
e
r
ei
st
h
a
tt
h
eS
w
e
d
i
s
h
ba
r
1
e
yMari
，av
e
r
ye
a
r
l
ymutant fromBonus(
G
u
s
t
a
f
s
s
o
ne
ta
l
.1
9
6
0
)，
r
回 p
o
n
d
e
dt
ot
h
es
戸c
i
a
lgrowthc
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
ni
nt
h
esamemannera
sK
i
n
a
i
5，a
n
dt
h
a
tt
h
eg
e
n
ee
a
a
'i
nMarimayb
ei
d
e
n
t
i
c
a
lw
i
t
he
ιinK
i
n
a
i5
.
Namely
，F
a
v
r
e
tandF
r
e
c
h
a(
1
9
6
7
)c
a
r
r
i
e
do
u
ta
l
l
e
l
i
s
mt
回 tf
o
rr
e
c
回s
i
v
e
e
a
r
l
i
n
e
s
sgen
田 u
s
i
n
gF
lp
l
a
n
t
so
fd
i
a
l
l
e
l
i
cc
r
o
路 e
samongK
i
n
a
i5
，Mari
，
A
t
s
e
landM.C
.20SP(
i
nducedfromM.H
e
d
a
)
. TheF
lp
l
a
n
t
so
fK
i
n
a
i
5xMaric
r
o
器 b
e
h
a
v
e
da
sane
a
r
l
yh
e
a
d
i
n
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