Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/29301 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation. Author: Bauer, Martijn Philippe Title: Clostridium difficile infection : epidemiology, complications and recurrences Issue Date: 2014-10-22 Clostridium difficile infection: epidemiology, complications and recurrences Martijn Bauer Clostridium difficile infection: epidemiology, complications and recurrences Proefschrift ISBN 978-90-9028540-5 ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van de rector magnificus prof. mr. C.J.J.M. Stolker, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op woensdag 22 oktober 2014 klokke 15:00 uur Design and lay-out Promotie In Zicht, Arnhem, The Netherlands Print door Ipskamp Drukkers, Enschede, The Netherlands Omslag Detail van ‘Oxford Street Building Site Number One’ door Frank Auberbach (met dank aan Tate Britain) Copyright © M.P. Bauer, 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the author. Martijn Philippe Bauer geboren te Leiden in 1974 Promotiecommissie Promotores Prof. dr. J.T. van Dissel Prof. dr. E.J. Kuijper Overige leden Prof. dr. P. Speelman, Universiteit van Amsterdam Prof. M.H. Wilcox, Universiteit van Leeds Dr. B.H.B. van Benthem, Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu Contents General introduction and outline of the thesis Chapter 1 Community-onset Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea not associated with antibiotic usage-two case reports with review of the changing epidemiology of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea 11 25 Bauer MP, Goorhuis A, Koster T, Numan-Ruberg SC, Hagen EC, Debast SB, Kuijper EJ, van Dissel JT. Neth J Med 2008; 66(5):207-11 Chapter 2 Clinical and microbiological characteristics of community-onset Clostridium difficile infection in The Netherlands 39 Bauer MP, Veenendaal D, Verhoef L, Bloembergen P, van Dissel JT, Kuijper EJ. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009;15(12):1087-92 Chapter 3 Patients with cystic fibrosis have a high carriage rate of non-toxigenic Clostridium difficile 53 Bauer MP, Farid A, Bakker M, Hoek RA, Kuijper EJ, van Dissel JT. Clin Microbiol Infect 2013;20(7):O446-9 Chapter 4 Clostridium difficile infection in Europe: a hospital-based survey 65 Bauer MP, Notermans DW, van Benthem BHB, Wilcox MH, Monnet DL, van Dissel JT, Kuijper EJ, ECDIS Study Group. Lancet 2011;377(9759):63-73 Chapter 5 Renal failure and leukocytosis are predictors of a complicated course of Clostridium difficile infection if measured on day of diagnosis 91 Bauer MP, Hensgens MPM, Miller M, Gerding DN, Wilcox MH, Dale AP, Fawley WN, Kuijper EJ, Gorbach SL. Clin Infect Dis 2012;55:S149-53 Chapter 6 Humoral immune response as predictor of recurrence in Clostridium difficile infection 103 Bauer MP, Nibbering PH, Poxton IR, Kuijper EJ, van Dissel JT. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014. doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12769 Chapter 7 Recidieven van Clostridium difficile-geassocieerde diarree voorkómen door toediening van een weiconcentraat van specifiek geïmmuniseerde koeien; prospectief onderzoek Bauer MP, Numan-Ruberg SC, Bredewold OW, Kuijper EJ, Mooi-Kokenberg EA, Debast SB, van Dissel JT. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2008;152:1919-26 117 Chapter 8 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID): treatment guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) 137 Bauer MP, Kuijper EJ, van Dissel JT, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009;15(12):1067-79 Chapter 9 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases: update of the treatment guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection 167 Debast SB, Bauer MP, Kuijper EJ, the Committee. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20 Suppl 2;:1-26 Summary and general discussion 229 Nederlandse samenvatting 243 List of publications 251 Curriculum Vitae 253