第10回 11月29日略語と日本語訳  The European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS)  静止衛星を利用したナビゲーション精度向上サービス  the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (Eurocontrol)  欧州航空航法安全機構  European Space Agency (ESA)  欧州宇宙機関 Satellite navigation - How does it work ?(1) Since time immemorial, people have looked to the heavens to find their way. Today, satellite navigation is continuing this tradition, while offering, thanks to leadingedge technology, an accuracy far beyond that possible by simply observing the sun and the stars. This technology, which has been developed over the last thirty years or so, essentially for military purposes originally, enables anyone with a receiver capable of picking up signals emitted by a constellation of satellites to instantly determine their position in time and space very accurately. Satellite navigation - How does it work ?(2) The operating principle is simple: the satellites in the constellation are fitted with an atomic clock measuring time very accurately. The satellites emit personalized signals indicating the precise time the signal leaves the satellite. The ground receiver, incorporated for example into a mobile phone, has in its memory the precise details of the orbits of all the satellites in the constellation. By reading the incoming signal, it can thus recognize the particular satellite, determine the time taken by the signal to arrive and calculate the distance from the satellite. Once the ground receiver receives the signals from at least four satellites simultaneously, it can calculate the exact position. • Advanced Driver Assistance will include also functions for and mobility improvements road traffic, such as for •safety Advanced Driver Assistance willin include also functions collision warning, vision enhancement, low speed safety and mobility improvements in road traffic, such as manoeuvring aid, etc.vision enhancement, low speed collision warning, manoeuvring（maneuvering） aid, etc. Transport, At sea • Given that 80% of accidents at sea are due to human error, provide an answer byare providing constant and •GALILEO Given thatwill 80% of accidents at sea due to human error, very precise information a vessel's position and route, GALILEO will provideabout an answer by providing constant while increasing efficiency about of search and rescue facilities, and very precisethe information a vessel's position and whether for commercial or recreational route, while increasingshipping the efficiency of search craft. and rescue facilities, whether for commercial shipping or recreational craft. 井出 Unquestionable economic viability 確かな経済の存続 The PricewaterhouseCoopers study, based on updated forecasts for a period of twenty years, shows a benefit/cost ratio of 4.6. 池田（拓） Safety GALILEO will provide new possibilities to motorists and public authorities in the following fields: navigation and of guidance systems, based on digital maps, enriched by safety information transmitted to the drivers on the static dangers that he will encounter (dangerous curves etc.) and the dynamic dangers (icy roads, traffic jams or accidents that only just occurred); 木場翻訳における注意点 • 訳文には数詞を入れること – 人、ユーロ、件 • 極力日本語に訳すこと – Estimated availability date is late November. – 入手は１１月末になる見込みです。 • 前置詞の意味を理解すること – should be operational in 2004 – 2004年までに２．２例題２ • 図はフレーム｛A}に対して Ẑ 軸まわりに30° 回転し、X̂A 方向に10、 ŶA方向に５だけ並進移動したフレーム｛B}を示したものである。 B P  3.0 7.0 0.0 であるとき、A P を求めよ。 0.866  0.500 0.000 10.0 0.500 0.866 0.000 5.0  A   T  B 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.0    0 0 0 1   A P ABT BP 3.0 B P  7.0 0.0 0.866  0.500 0.000 10.0 3.0  9.098  0.500 0.866 0.000 5.0  7.0 12.562       0.000 0.000 1.000 0.0  0.0  0.000      1  0 0 1 1    0 ２．５例題３ • 図はフレーム｛A}に対して Ẑ 軸まわりに30° 回転し、 X̂A方向に４、ŶA 方向に３だけ並進移 A 動したフレーム｛B}を示したものである。 BT B の記述がわかっているとして AT を求めよ。 0.866  0.500 0.000 4.0 0.500 0.866 0.000 3.0 A   T  B 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.0   0 0 1  0  0.866 0.500 0.000  4.964  0.500 0.866 0.000  0.598 B   T  A  0.000 0.000 1.000 0.0    0 0 0 1   同次変換行列の特徴 • 変換によって大きさは変わらない。 • 合同変換とも言う。 • 回転行列を正則行列にすれば同次変換行列はアフィン変換になる。姿勢の表現 1. ロール・ピッチ・ヨー角；基準座標系を回転 2. オイラー角；回転された座標系を回転 3. 方位ベクトル（回転軸）と回転角