Additional Notes: だい九

日本語１０１きゅう
Additional Notes: だい九かあたら
ご
I. 新しいたん語 1. 日本語のべんきょう A たんご単語 vocabulary; word(s) A さくぶん作文 composition 試験 exam 新幹線 Shinkansen; “Bullet Train” (super express train in Japan) guitar piano A かぶき歌舞伎 Kabuki: traditional Japanese theatrical art A コンサート concert A スキー ski ＊ A うんどう運動 physical exercise ＊ A さんぽ 5. Time words 散歩 stroll; walk (as a physical exercise) A せんげつ先月 last month [relative time word] A きょねん去年 last year [relative time word] 今度 near future [relative time word] A おべんとうお弁当 boxed lunch A ピザ pizza A くすり薬 medicine； pills A しけん 2. のりもの（Transportation） A しんかんせん 3. Musical Instruments A ギター A ピアノ 4. Leisure Activities A こんど 6. ほかの Noun の
くすりを飲む to take medicine [Additional Note の２を見てください。] A びょうき病気 Illness; sickness 2 こ
B いいこいい子 B いろ色 good child [いい＋子ども] colour A あおい青い blue A あかい赤い red B くろい黒い black 白い white 寂しい lonely 若い young 7. いろ
色のい adjectives B しろい 8. ほかのい adjective A さびしい A わかい 9. な adjective A いじわる（な） 10. Motion Verbs A （Activity に）でる意地悪（な） mean‐spirited 出る to attend (activity), to appear to (activity) ク
ラスに出る to attend the class cf. うちを出る to leave home A おどる踊る to dance A （Something が）はじまる始まる (something) begins クラスがはじまる The class starts cf. クラスをはじめる to begin the class A （Something が）おわる終わる (something) ends クラスがおわる The class ends. A （ギター・ピアノを）ひく弾く 11. Action Verbs to play (a string instrument or piano) [Additional Note の１を見てください。] A （Person に／から thing を）もらう to receive (something from someone) A （～を）おぼえる覚える to memorize A うんどうする運動する to do physical exercise A さんぽする散歩する to take a walk 3 A にんきがある人気がある to be popular にんき
日本のテレビゲームはカナダでとても人気があります。 [Place で] Japanese video games are very popular in Canada. e.g., じん
アイスホッケーはカナダ人に人気があります。 [Person に] Ice Hockey is popular to Canadians. 12. Adverbs and Other Expressions A ～から from うちから大学まで from home to the college 一時から三時まで from 1 o’clock to 3 o’clock A もう+past tense already [cf. まだ+negative not…. yet]もう
クラスがおわりました。 The class already ended. A ぜひ是非 by all means A みんな all A ところで 13. Counters [Additional Note の３を見てください。] A ～つ by the way [used to count small items] ひとつ一ついつつ五つここのつ九つふたつ
二つむっつ六つとお十みっつ三つななつ七つじゅういちよっつ四つやっつ八つ how many いくつ十一 II. Additional Notes on Vocabulary/Expressions/Grammar 1. Various “To Play” In Japanese, the verb “to play” can be expressed with a few different verbs. 
Sports and games: 
String instrument or piano: 
“To play” as “having a good time”: する e.g.,テニスをする、テレビゲームをするひく e.g., ギターをひく、ピアノをひくあそぶ
e.g., ともだちとあそぶの
2. くすりを飲む Generally speaking, one uses 食べる for solid food and use 飲む for liquid. However, you must use 飲む for “to take medicine/pills”. The definition of 食べる is the action that requires 4 chewing, and that of 飲む is the action that requires swallowing without much chewing. Since one does not chew most of the medicine/pills, 飲む must be used for them. Also, see the following examples: の
れい: スープを飲む (to drink soup) ×スープを食べる ×シチューを飲むた
シチューを食べる (to eat stew) 3. Counting Small Objects: ～つパターン：  1 to 10 and how many → irregular ひと
ふた
み
よっ
いつ
むっ
なな
はち
ここの
とお
一つ、二つ、三つ、四つ、五つ、六つ、七つ、八つ、九つ、十、いくつ (How many) 
11 or above → simple numbers れい：11→じゅういち＊How to remember from 1 to 10＊ 1～9 and “how many” end with つ! 1. "He" is by himself = ひとつ Also it sounds similar to ひとりで (alone). 2. There are two "fools" = ふたつ Also, it sounds similar to ふたり (two people) 3. There are three of "me" (me, myself, & I) = みっつ 4. There are four rappers (holding up four fingers as rappers do and shouting "yo!") = よっつ 5. You "eat" five "sweets" = いつつ 6. There are six cows (who say "mooooo") = むっつ 7. There are seven "bananas" = ななつ 8. There are eight "yachts" = やっつ 9. There are nine "coconuts" = ここのつ 10. I have ten "toes" = とお Comparison with Dates * is the number in which the first part of the word is the same. Number Dates ～つ Number Dates ～つ 1 ついたちひとつ 2 ふつかふたつ 3* みっかみっつ 4* よっかよっつ 5* いつかいつつ 6 むいかむっつ 7 なのかななつ 8 ようかやっつ 9* ここのかここのつ 10* とおかとお 5 III. だい九かのかんじ 1. Kanji Writing Model and Memorization 59. 午 (noon) 午午人+十 + 十
The top part is the same as 人. The bottom part is 十 and symbolizes “many”. At noon, many people stop working to have a lunch. 後 (after) 60. 後後
前前
行 (彳)
後
The upper portion of the kanji is a combination of 人 and 人. The lower 月 is meat. There is a sword (or knife) to the right. There is meat and a knife in front of two people. 人人
月
前
名 (name) 62. 彳 is a simplified form of 行, which means "to go". on the right is made from a picture that a man is dragging his one of legs. If you have a bad leg and walk dragging the leg, you could move ahead a little bit a time and, consequently, you would be behind others. 前 (before) 61. 午名名
夕 on the top means "evening". The character is from the picture of the sun setting into the side of a mountain. 口 on the bottom means "mouth". In the dim light of evening, people cannot see other people well. So, one would say his/her name to tell who he/she is. 夕
口名
6 63. 64. 4
. 白白
雨雨
白
雨 (rain) 雨 is made from a picture of a rain cloud and rain drops from it. 雨
書(write; draw; written thing=books) 書書
The top part is the shape of a hand holding a brush. The bottom part is the combination of a mouth 口 and ー. ー represents words coming out from the mouth. One writes the words using the brush. 書
+ ー = 日
友 (friend) 66. This kanji is made from the shape of an acorn. In ancient time, people ate acorns and, when you crack them, it is white inside. 65. 白 (white) 友友
This character is derived from a picture of two hands, simplified as ナ and ヌ, together. Two people are holding each other’s hands, which symbolizes friends. ナ友
ヌ
間 (between) 67. 間間
門 is a shape of "a gate". The sun is rising between the two doors of the gate. 間
7 家 (house) 68. 家家
This character is a combination of 宀 (the roof) and 豕 (a pig). In ancient time, both people and pigs lived under the same roof of a house. 宀豕話 (to talk) 69. 話話
The 言 on the left is language. Here, it means "to speak language". The 舌 on the right indicates one thousand of 口. Here 口 means "words spoken by the mouth". A story is made of many words. If you speak a thousand words, they form a story. 言＋千＋口＝話少 (little) 70. 少少
The character 小 (small) was cut by the line ノ, so that the character became smaller. That symbolizes little. 少
71. 古古
72. 家
知知
古 (old) This is a picture of an old grave. 古
知 (to know)
矢 on the left is an arrow. 口 on the right is a mouth. When someone has good knowledge, the words coming out from the mouth is very accurate as if they are arrows going through the centre of targets. 矢
口
知
8 73. 来 (to come)
This is a combination of 木 with extra branches with two fruits on the higher part of it. When the right season comes, the tree grows branches and fruits. Therefore, this character means “to come”. 来来
来 2. Reading ごぜん
ごご
57. 午→ゴ e.g., 午前 (morning [lit. noon + before), 午後 (afternoon [lit. noon + after) 58. 後→1)‐a あと e.g., クラスの後 (after the class), 後で (later) あと
うし
b うし（ろ） e.g., 後ろ (back; behind [with に]) 2) ゴごご
ごぜん
e.g., 午後, 午前まえ
まえ
e.g., 前 (front; before [with に]), クラスの前に (before the class), 59. 前→1) まえなまえ
名前 (name) ごぜん
e.g., 午前 2) ゼンなまえ
60. 名→な e.g., 名前 61. 白→しろ e.g., 白い (white [い adjective]) しろ
あめ
62. 雨→あめ e.g., 雨 (rain) 63. 書→か（く）か
e.g., 書く (to write) とも
64. 友→とも（だち） e.g., 友だち (friend) あいだ
65. 間→ 1) あいだ e.g., スーパーと本やの間 (between the supermarket and bookstore) じかん
にじかん
2) カン e.g., 時間 (time), 二時間 (two hours) いえ
66. 家→ 1) いえ e.g., 家 (house) e.g., 家ぞく (family) か
2) カ 67. 話→ 1) はなし、はな（す）はな
でんわ
2) ワはなし
e.g., 話す (to talk, to speak), 話 (talk; story) かいわ
e.g., 電話 (telephone [lit. electricity + speak]), 会話 (conversation [lit. meet + talk) すこ
68. 少→すこ（し） e.g., 少し (a little) 69. 古→ふる（い） e.g., 古い (old), 古田先生 (Prof. Furuta) 70. 知→し（る） e.g., 知る (to get to know) ふる
し
ふるたせんせい
9 71. 来→ 1) く（る）、き（ます／て／た）、こ（ない）く
き
き
き
e.g., 来る (to come), 来ます、来て、来たこ
2) ライらい
あたら
来ないらいげつ
らい
e.g., 来しゅう (next week), 来月 (next month), 来ねん (next year) よ
新しい読み (New Readings) 76. 作→サクさくぶん
つく
e.g., 作文 (composition [make + sentences) cf. 作る (to make) The numbers from 1 to 10 with the counter つひと
ふた
みっ
よっ
いつ
むっ
なな
やっ
ここの
とお
じゅういち
じゅうに
一つ、二つ、三つ、四つ、五つ、六つ、七つ、八つ、九つ、十、十一、十二… New Words Written With Kanji Learned in Previous Lessons 


にんき
人気 (人 (person) [だい三か] + 気 (spirit; atmosphere) [だい五か]) せんげつ
先月 (先 (advanced) [だい六か] + 月 (month) [だい四か]) で
出る (出 (to exit) [だい六か])

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