ㄆ▱㻌㻝㻭㻹㻝㻞㻢
᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻞 ᅇ኱఍䠄㻞㻜㻜㻤䠅㻌
ౝㇱ⴫⽎ߩᛥ೙ߪ⽶ߩࡊ࡜ࠗࡒࡦࠣߦᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔ߆
̆ㅪᗐᐲ࡮ⷫㄭᕈߦࠃࠆᛥ೙ലᨐߩᬌ⸛̆
٤੗ᚻᱜ๺ 1࡮ᴺℂ᮸㉿ 1࡮ጊ᧛ ⼾ 2
1
㧔 ┙ᱜᄢቇᔃℂቇ⎇ⓥ⑼࡮2 ┙ᱜᄢቇᔃℂቇㇱ㧕
Key words: ౝㇱ⴫⽎㧘ᗧ๧⊛ NP㧘ⷫㄭᕈ
ㅪᗐᐲߦ㑐ߒߡ߽᦭ᗧ௑ะ߇␜ߐࠇߚ㧔F (2, 38)=2.686, p<.1㧕㧚
╙ 1 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߦ߅ߌࠆන⚐ਥലᨐߩᬌቯߩ⚿ᨐ㧘㜞ㅪᗐߣૐ
ㅪᗐ߅ࠃ߮⛔೙ߩᏅ߇᦭ᗧߢ޽ߞߚ㧔Mse=㧙0.044, 5%᳓Ḱ㧕
㧚
㪌
㪍㪌㪇㩷
㪍㪋㪇㩷
㪋㪅㪌
㜞ㅪᗐ᧦ઙ
㪍㪊㪇㩷
㪋
ૐㅪᗐ᧦ઙ
㪍㪉㪇㩷
㪜㪩㪩㪦㪩㩷㪩㪘㪫㪜㪪㩿䋦㪀
㪩㪜㪘㪚㪫㪠㪦㪥㩷㩷㩷㪫㪠㪤㪜㩷㩿㫄㫊㪼㪺㪀
⋡ ⊛
⃻࿷ߩ⹜ⴕߦ߅ߌࠆ࠲࡯ࠥ࠶࠻߇వⴕ↹㕙ߦ߅޿ߡᅹኂೝ
ỗ㧔࠺ࠖࠬ࠻࡜ࠢ࠲࡯㧕ߢ޽ߞߚ႐ว㧘వⴕೝỗߦኻߔࠆή
ⷞߩᓇ㗀ߦࠃߞߡ࠲࡯ࠥ࠶࠻ߦኻߔࠆ෻ᔕ߇ᛥ೙ߐࠇࠆߎߣ
ࠍ⽶ߩࡊ࡜ࠗࡒࡦࠣ㧔negative priming:NP㧕ߣ޿߁㧚 NP ߇ᣢ
ሽߩౝㇱ⴫⽎ߦ㑐ଥߔࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒߚ⃻⽎ߦᗧ๧⊛
NP㧔semantic negative priming㧕߇޽ࠆ㧚ᗧ๧⊛ NP ߣߪ⃻࿷
ߩ⹜ⴕߩ࠲࡯ࠥ࠶࠻ߣవⴕ↹㕙ߩ࠺ࠖࠬ࠻࡜ࠢ࠲࡯߇ᗧ๧⊛
ߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ޿ߚ႐วߢ߽㧘࠲࡯ࠥ࠶࠻ߦኻߔࠆ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ߩㆃ
ࠇ߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆߎߣࠍ޿߁㧚ᗧ๧⊛ߦ㑐ㅪߒߚೝỗ㑆ߢ߽ᛥ೙
߇વࠊࠆߣ޿߁ታ㛎⚿ᨐߪ㧘NP ߇ᖱႎಣℂߦ߅ߌࠆࠃࠅᓟ
ᦼߩᲑ㓏ߦ߆߆ࠊࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ೝỗߩⷫㄭ
ᕈ㧔familiarity㧕ߩലᨐߪೝỗ߇ታ㛎ਛ➅ࠅ㄰ߒឭ␜ߐࠇࠆߎ
ߣߦࠃߞߡౝㇱ⴫⽎߇ᒝߊᵴᕈൻߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ NP ߩ↢⿠ߦ
ߪਇนᰳߛߣߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᗧ๧⊛ NP ߣห᭽ߦ NP ߣᣢ
ሽߩౝㇱ⴫⽎ߩ㑐ଥࠍ␜ໂߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚
ߒ߆ߒ㧘ᗧ๧⊛ NP ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ᧦ઙࠍᄌ߃ࠆߣ᦭ᗧߥ⚿ᨐ
ߦߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣ㧘ⷫㄭᕈߦ㑐ߒߡߪೝỗߩ෻ᓳឭ␜ߦࠃߞߡ
ㅒߦ NP ߇ᶖᄬߔࠆߣ޿߁⚿ᨐ߇ႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߥߤ㧘
NP ߇↢ߓࠆࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߩ⸃᣿ߦߪ⥋ߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߩ߇⃻⁁ߢ
޽ࠆ㧚ߘߎߢᧄታ㛎ߢߪ㧘ᓥ᧪೎‫ߩޘ‬ታ㛎ߢᬌ⸽ߐࠇߡ߈ߚ
ᗧ๧⊛ NP ߣⷫㄭᕈߩⷐ࿃ࠍหᤨߦᛒ߁ߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘NP ߇
ౝㇱ⴫⽎ߩᛥ೙ߦ߆߆ࠊࠆ⃻⽎ߢ޽ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ᬌ⸛ߔࠆ㧚
ᣇ ᴺ
ෳട⠪㧦ᄢቇ↢ 20 ฬ㧚ෳട⠪ߪ⊕߆㕍ߤߜࠄ߆ࠍ࠲࡯ࠥ࠶࠻
ߣߒ㧘ฦ 10 ฬߕߟ᧦ઙಽߌߐࠇߚ㧚
ೝỗ㧦ᧄታ㛎ߢߪࡊ࡜ࠗࡓߦ✢↹㧘ࡊࡠ࡯ࡉߦන⺆߇૶↪ߐ
ࠇߚ㧚ೝỗߪࡊ࡜ࠗࡓߩ࠺ࠖࠬ࠻࡜ࠢ࠲࡯ߣࡊࡠ࡯ࡉߩ࠲࡯
ࠥ࠶࠻ߩㅪᗐᐲߦࠃߞߡ㧘㜞ㅪᗐ᧦ઙ㧔›㧙޿ߧ㧕㧘ૐㅪᗐ᧦
ઙ㧔›㧙ߤ߁߱ߟ㧕㧘⛔೙᧦ઙ㧔›㧙ߏࠆ߰㧕ߩ 3 ᧦ઙߦಽߌ
ࠄࠇߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘ታ㛎ߪో૕ߢ 4 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߦಽߌߡ߅ߎߥࠊࠇ㧘
1 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߦߟ߈ 192 ↹㕙㧔ࡊ࡜ࠗࡓ 96 ↹㕙࡮ࡊࡠ࡯ࡉ 96
↹㕙㧕ߕߟឭ␜ߐࠇߚ㧚
⺖㗴㧦CRT ࠺ࠖࠬࡊ࡟ࠗ਄ߦឭ␜ߐࠇࠆࡊ࡜ࠗࡓ࡮ࡊࡠ࡯ࡉ
ਔ↹㕙ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘࠺ࠖࠬ࠻࡜ࠢ࠲࡯ࠍήⷞߒ㧘⚛ᣧߊ࠲࡯ࠥ
࠶࠻ߩ๮ฬࠍ߅ߎߥ߁ߎߣߢ޽ߞߚ㧚
⚿ ᨐ
ࡊࡠ࡯ࡉ↹㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆೝỗឭ␜㐿ᆎ߆ࠄ෻ᔕ㐿ᆎ߹ߢߩᤨ
㑆ߣ⺋෻ᔕ₸ߦ㑐ߒߡ㧘ࡊ࡜ࠗࡓ㧙ࡊࡠ࡯ࡉ㑆ߩㅪᗐᐲ㧔㜞
ㅪᗐ㧘ૐㅪᗐ㧘⛔೙㧕ⷫㄭᕈ㧔1 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ㧘2 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ㧘3
ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ㧘4 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ㧕ߩ 2 ⷐ࿃ಽᢔಽᨆࠍ߅ߎߥߞߚ㧚Tipper
and Driver㧔1988㧕ߦᓥ޿㧘ฦ᧦ઙߩᐔဋ෻ᔕᤨ㑆߆ࠄ 2SD
ࠍ਄࿁ࠆ࠺࡯࠲㧔4.8%㧕ߪಽᨆኻ⽎ᄖߣߒߚ㧚
ᐔဋ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ߦࠃࠆᬌ⸛ 2 ⷐ࿃ߩಽᢔಽᨆߩ⚿ᨐ㧘ⷫㄭᕈ
㧔F (3, 57)=46.816, p<.01㧕㧘ㅪᗐᐲⷫㄭᕈߩ੤੕૞↪߇᦭ᗧߢ
޽ߞߚ㧔F (6, 114)=2.543, p<.05㧕㧚╙ 1 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߦ߅ߌࠆන⚐ਥ
ലᨐߩᬌቯߩ⚿ᨐ㧘㜞ㅪᗐߣૐㅪᗐߩᏅ߇᦭ᗧߢ޽ߞߚ
㧔Mse=㧙0.913, 5%᳓Ḱ㧕㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘╙ 2 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ࡮╙ 4 ࡉࡠ࠶
ࠢߦ߅޿ߡ㜞ㅪᗐߣ⛔೙ߩᏅߦ᦭ᗧ௑ะ߇␜ߐࠇߚ㧔╙ 2 ࡉ
ࡠ࠶ࠢ㧦Mse=㧙0.852 ; ╙ 4 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ㧦Mse=㧙0.827, 10%᳓Ḱ㧕㧚
⺋෻ᔕ₸ߦࠃࠆᬌ⸛ ⷫㄭᕈ㧔F (3, 57)=10.224, p<.01㧕㧘ㅪᗐᐲ
ⷫㄭᕈߩ੤੕૞↪߇᦭ᗧߢ޽ߞߚ㧔F (6, 114)=2.638, p<.05㧕㧚
⛔೙᧦ઙ
㪍㪈㪇㩷
㪍㪇㪇㩷
㪌㪐㪇㩷
㪌㪏㪇㩷
㪌㪎㪇㩷
㪊㪅㪌
㪊
㪉㪅㪌
㪉
㪈㪅㪌
㪈
㪇㪅㪌
㪇
㪌㪍㪇㩷
㪈
㪉
㪊
㪙㪣㪦㪚㪢㪚㪦㪬㪥㪫
㪋
㪈
㪉
㪊
㪋
㪙㪣㪦㪚㪢㪚㪦㪬㪥㪫
࿑ 1㧚ㅪᗐᐲ࡮ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢᢙߩ᧦ઙ೎ߦߺߚᐔဋ෻ᔕᤨ㑆㧔Ꮐ㧕
ߣ⺋෻ᔕ₸㧔ฝ㧕
⠨ ኤ
෻ᔕᤨ㑆ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߢߪ㜞ㅪᗐ᧦ઙߦ߅޿ߡ㧘╙ 3 ࡉࡠ࠶
ࠢ࡮╙ 4 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߢ෻ᔕߩㆃࠇ߇⷗ࠄࠇߚ㧚ߎߩߎߣߪ㧘ታ
㛎ਛೝỗ߇෻ᓳឭ␜ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ౝㇱ⴫⽎߇ᒝߊᵴᕈ
ൻߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ NP ↢⿠ߦߪਇนᰳߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣࠍ␜ໂ
ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚৻ᣇ㧘ૐㅪᗐ᧦ઙߢߪ᦭ᗧߦߥࠆ߶ߤߩ෻ᔕߩㆃ
ࠇߪߺࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ㧚ߎߩߎߣߪ㧘ᧄታ㛎ߩૐㅪᗐ᧦ઙߢ↪
޿ߚೝỗߩ࠮࠶࠻߇ᓥ᧪ߩᗧ๧⊛ NP ታ㛎ߣߪ⇣ߥࠅ㧘ࠞ࠹
ࠧ࡝࡯ߩ㓏ጀ㑐ଥߦ޽ࠆߎߣߥߤ߇ේ࿃ߩ৻ߟߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ㧘
ᗧ๧⊛ NP ⃻⽎ߩਇ቟ቯᕈ߇ᡷ߼ߡ⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ㧚╙ 1 ࡉࡠ࠶
ࠢߦ߅޿ߡ㜞ㅪᗐ᧦ઙߪૐㅪᗐ᧦ઙߣߊࠄߴߡ᦭ᗧߦ෻ᔕ߇
ଦㅴߐࠇߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ᱜߩࡊ࡜ࠗࡒࡦࠣ㧔positive priming:PP㧕
߇↢ߓߚߣ޿߃ࠆ㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߦೝỗߩ෻ᓳ߇චಽߢߥ޿ᵴᕈ
ൻߩૐ޿Ბ㓏ߢߪ㧘వⴕ↹㕙ߦ߅޿ߡᵈᗧߒߚ߆ήⷞߒߚ߆
ߦ߆߆ࠊࠅߥߊ PP ߇↢⿠ߔࠆߣ޿߁௑ะߪ Malley and
Strayer㧔1995㧕ߦ߅޿ߡ߽␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚╙ 1 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߩ㜞
ㅪᗐ᧦ઙߦ߅ߌࠆ PP ߩ↢⿠ߪ㧘⺋෻ᔕ₸ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘
╙ 1 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߩ㜞ㅪᗐ᧦ઙߢ᦭ᗧߦᱜ╵₸߇㜞޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ߽
ᡰᜬߐࠇࠆ㧚╙ 3 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߩ㜞ㅪᗐ᧦ઙߦ߅޿ߡ NP ߇ߺࠄ
ࠇߥ߆ߞߚߎߣߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘⺋෻ᔕ₸ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߣᲧセߔࠆߎ
ߣߢ⸃㉼น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ㅢᏱ NP ߪ⹺⍮⊛ߥ⢻ജߣ⋧㑐㑐ଥߦ
޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘૗ࠄ߆ߩ⹺⍮ᯏ⢻㓚ኂ߇޽ߞߚ႐ว㧘
ᱜᏱߥᛥ೙ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ߇௛߆ߥ޿ߣ޿߁⚿ᨐ߽ႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿
ࠆ㧔May, Kane, & Hasher, 1995㧕㧚ᧄታ㛎ߢߪ╙ 2 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ߆
ࠄ╙ 3 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߦ߆ߌߡߩ⺋෻ᔕ₸ߩ਄᣹߇᦭ᗧ௑ะࠍ␜ߒ
ߡ޿ߚ㧔Mse=㧙0.044, 10%᳓Ḱ㧕㧚એ਄ߩߎߣ߆ࠄᧄታ㛎ߩ⚿
ᨐߪ㧘╙ 3 ࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߦ߅޿ߡ∋ഭߥߤ૗ࠄ߆ߩේ࿃ߢ৻ᤨ⊛
ߦ⹺⍮⢻ജߩૐਅ߇↢ߓ㧘ߘࠇߦߣ߽ߥߞߡหߓࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߦ
߅ߌࠆ NP ߇ᶖᄬߒߚ߽ߩߣ⸃㉼ߢ߈ࠆ㧚
ᧄታ㛎ߩ㜞ㅪᗐ᧦ઙߦ߅ߌࠆ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ㧘ᵴᕈൻߩૐ޿ታ㛎
ೋᦼߢߪߚߣ߃వⴕ↹㕙ߦ߅޿ߡήⷞߐࠇߡ޿ߚߣߒߡ߽㧘
ᓟߦ࠲࡯ࠥ࠶࠻ߣߒߡ್ᢿࠍ᳞߼ࠄࠇߚ႐ว PP ߇↢⿠ߒ㧘
ೝỗߩ෻ᓳឭ␜ߦࠃߞߡᵴᕈൻ߇㜞߹ࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ NP ߇
↢ߓࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘ᧄታ㛎ߢ␜ߐࠇߚ⺋
෻ᔕ₸ߩ਄᣹ߣߘࠇߦߣ߽ߥ߁ NP ߩᶖᄬߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘੹ᓟ
ߐࠄߥࠆᬌ⸛߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ㧚
㧔IDE Masakazu, HORI juri, YAMAMURA Yutaka㧕
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