᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻟 ᅇ䠄㻞㻜㻜㻥䠅㻌 グ᠈㻌 㻝㻱㼂㻜㻤㻟㻌 ⸒⺆ᕈࡢࠠࡦࠣࡔࡕߩ╓ภൻߦ߅ߌࠆࠛࡇ࠰࠺ࠖ࠶ࠢࡃ࠶ࡈࠔߣ㖸㖿࡞ࡊߩ㑐ㅪᕈ ̆ή㑐ㅪ㖸ჿߥࠄ߮ߦ HRE ࠍ↪ߚᬌ⸛㧙 ٤ൎේ⡍㧝Jens Gisselgård 2 㕖ળຬ⧱㒋⋥ⴕ㧝 㧔㧝੩ㇺᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ᢥቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㧞ᣣᧄቇⴚᝄ⥝ળ㧕 ࠠࡢ࠼: ࡢࠠࡦࠣࡔࡕ, ࠛࡇ࠰࠺ࠖ࠶ࠢࡃ࠶ࡈࠔ, Hebb repetition effect The relation between the episodic buffer and phonological loop in the encoding phase of verbal working memory Maya KATSUHARA1, Jens )+55'.)¦4&㧞 and Naoyuki OSAKA㧝, (1Graduate School of Letters, KYOTO Univ., 2 JSPS) Key words: working memory, episodic buffer, Hebb repetition effect ⋡ ⊛ ⚿ ᨐ Hebb repetition effect(HRE)ߪ㧘㧟࠻ࠗࠕ࡞ߏߣߦ➅ࠅߒ ๒␜ߐࠇ⋥ᓟౣ↢ࠍ᳞ࠄࠇࠆᢙሼߩౣ↢ᚑ❣߇㧘㑆ߦઁ ߩᢙሼߩ๒␜㧘ౣ↢ߩ߇ࠆߦ߽߆߆ࠊࠄߕ㧘Ბ㓏⊛ ߦᡷༀߔࠆߣ߁ലᨐߢࠆ㧔Hebb, 1961㧕ޕHRE ߦߪࠛࡇ࠰ ࠺ࠖ࠶ࠢࡃ࠶ࡈࠔߦࠃࠆ㐳ᦼ⸥ᙘౝߩᖱႎ⛔วಣℂ߇㑐ࠊߞ ߡࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ㧘HRE ߩ⊒↢⥄ߦߪ㖸㖿࡞ࡊ߳ߩࠕࠢ ࠬߪᔅⷐߢߪߥߣߐࠇߡࠆ㧔Page, Norris et al.,2006㧕ޕ ࿁ߪ㧘㖸㖿⽎ߦᐓᷤߔࠆߣߐࠇࠆή㑐ㅪ㖸ჿ㧔Salame & Baddeley,1982㧕ߩหᤨ๒␜߇ⷞⷡ๒␜ߦࠃࠆ HRE ߦ߷ߔᓇ 㗀ࠍᜰᮡߣߒߡ㧘⸒⺆ᕈࡢࠠࡦࠣࡔࡕౝߦ߅ߡࠛࡇ࠰ ࠺ࠖ࠶ࠢࡃ࠶ࡈࠔ߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߦ╓ภൻߦ㑐ਈߒߡࠆߩ߆ᬌ ⸛ߒߚޕ Quiet ᧦ઙߥࠄ߮ߦ㧘IS ᧦ઙߩౣ↢ᚑ❣ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ Figure1, Figure 2 ߦ␜ߔޕ2(ࠬ࠻࠲ࠗࡊ㧦Filler vs. Hebb:ⵍ㛎⠪ౝ) 2(㖸ჿ࠲ࠗࡊ㧦Quiet vs. IS:ⵍ㛎⠪ౝ)2(block ታᣉ㗅ᐨ:ⵍ㛎 ⠪㑆)ߩ㧟ⷐ࿃ᷙว⸘↹ߦࠃࠆಽᢔಽᨆࠍታᣉߒߚ⚿ᨐ㧘 Block ታᣉ㗅ᐨߦࠃࠆਥലᨐߪࠄࠇߕ㧔F<㧝㧕㧘ࠬ࠻࠲ࠗ ࡊߩਥലᨐ[F(1,25)=8.94, p<.01]ߥࠄ߮ߦ㖸ჿ࠲ࠗࡊߩਥലᨐ [F(1,25)=66.9, p<.01]߇ࠄࠇߚߒ߆ߒޕ㧘ࠬ࠻࠲ࠗࡊߣ㖸 ჿ࠲ࠗࡊߩ㑆ߩ↪ߪᗧߢߪߥ߆ߞߚ[F<㧝]߇ߚߒޕ ߞߡ㧘Filler ࠬ࠻ߦኻߔࠆ Hebb ࠬ࠻ᚑ❣ߩఝᕈߪ㧘㖸 ჿ࠲ࠗࡊߩ᧦ઙ㑆ߢ⇣ߥࠄߕ㧘ਔ㖸ჿ࠲ࠗࡊ㑆ߩ Hebb ࠬ ࠻㧘Filler ࠬ࠻ߩᚑ❣߽⇣ߥࠄߥ߆ߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆࠄߐޕ ߦ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ㖸ჿ࠲ࠗࡊౝߩ Hebb ࠬ࠻ߦኻߒߡ㧘ਅ ᬌቯࠍታᣉߒߚߣߎࠈ㧘ਔ㖸ჿ࠲ࠗࡊౝߢ➅ࠅߒߩലᨐ㧔ᚑ ❣ߩะ㧕߇ࠄࠇߚ(p<.05)ޕ ᣇ ᴺ ታ㛎ෳട⠪㧦੩ㇺᄢቇߩቇ↢ 27 ฬ(↵ 16 ੱᅚ 11 ੱ)ޕᐔဋ ⠨ ኤ ᐕ㦂ߪ 21.4 ᱦ㧔SD=2.76㧕ߢߞߚޕ ᚻ⛯߈㧦ታ㛎ߪ㧞ߟߩ᧦ઙ㧔quiet᧦ઙߣIS᧦ઙ㧕ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇ ߎࠇࠄߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ㧘ή㑐ㅪ㖸ჿߦࠃߞߡ Hebb list, Filler ߡߚޕIS᧦ઙߢߪ㧘ࡋ࠶࠼ࡎࡦ߆ࠄᵹߐࠇࠆࠬ࠙ࠚ࠺ࡦ list ߩ♽ౣ↢ߦᐓᷤ߇↢ߓࠆߎߣ㧘ߥࠄ߮ߦߘߩᐓᷤߪ ⺆ߩ㖸ჿࠍ⡞߈ߥ߇ࠄPC↹㕙ߦⷞⷡឭ␜ߐࠇࠆ 10 ᩴߩᢙ HRE ߩ⊒↢ߘߩ߽ߩߦߪᓇ㗀ߒߥߣ߁ߎߣ߇⏕ߐࠇ ሼࠍ⸥ᙘߔࠆߎߣ߇᳞ࠄࠇߚޕᢙሼߪ 0-9 ߩᢙሼ߇㧝ᩴ ߚޕή㑐ㅪ㖸ჿ߇♽ౣ↢ᚑ❣ࠍਅߍࠆℂ↱ߣߒߡߪ㖸㖿 ߕߟ㧘500ms㑆㧘↹㕙ਛᔃߦ๒␜ߐࠇߚޕೝỗ㑆ߦ 100msߩ ⽎߳ߩᐓᷤ߇ߍࠄࠇߡࠆ㧔Salame & Baddeley,1982㧕ߒޕ ࡉࡦࠢ↹㕙߇߹ࠇߚޕ10 ᩴߩᢙሼߩ๒␜߇⚳ੌߔࠆߣ㧘 ߆ߒ㧘HRE ߩ⊒↢ⷐ࿃ߣߐࠇࠆࠛࡇ࠰࠺ࠖ࠶ࠢࡃ࠶ࡈࠔߦ ߅ߌࠆᖱႎ⛔ว߇㖸㖿࡞ࡊߣߤ߁㑐ㅪߒߡࠆ߆ߦߟ 4 ⑽㑆ߩㆃᑧᦼ㑆ࠍ߅ߡ㧘♽ౣ↢߇᳞ࠄࠇߚޕౣ↢ߩ ߡߪᤨὐߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄߪࠄ߆ߢߪߥߡߞࠃޕ㧘࿁Ꮻ ↹㕙ߢߪ㧘ࠢࠛࠬ࠴࡚ࡦࡑࠢޟ㧫ࠍޠਛᔃߣߒjitter߇߆ߌ ⋥✢ߦࠃࠆ gradient ߩᲧセ╬㧘ߐࠄߥࠆಽᨆࠍട߃㧘⊒ ࠄࠇߚਇဋ╬ߥ⁁ߦ 0 ߆ࠄ 9 ߩᢙሼ߇㈩⟎ߐࠇ㧘ታ㛎ෳട ੍ቯߢࠆޕ ⠪ߪ㧘ᢙሼ߇ߡ߈ߚ㗅⇟ߦ↹㕙ߩᢙሼࠍࡑ࠙ࠬߢࠢ࠶ ᒁ↪ᢥ₂ ࠢߔࠆࠃ߁ᜰ␜ߐࠇߚޕ1 ߟߩ᧦ઙߪ 48 ߩ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߢ᭴ᚑ Hebb, D.O.(1961). Distinctive features of learning in the higher ߐࠇߩߘޔਛߦߪ㧟࠻ࠗࠕ࡞ߏߣߦ➅ࠅߒ๒␜ߐࠇࠆᢙ animal. Brain mechanisms and learning. ሼߩࠬ࠻㧔Hebb list㧕㧝ߟߣHebb listߩ㑆ߦ 1 ᐲߒ߆๒␜ J.F.Delafresnaye.Oxford, England, Blackwell:37-46 ߐࠇߥᢙሼߩࠬ࠻(Filler lists)32 ߇߹ࠇߡߚޕ Page,M.P.A., Norris,D, et al.(2006). “Repetition Learning in the Immediate Serial Recall of Visual and Auditory Materials.” Quiet᧦ઙߢߪࡋ࠶࠼ࡎࡦ߆ࠄ㖸ჿࠍ⡞ߊߎߣߥߊห᭽ߩᚻ Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and ⛯߈߇ขࠄࠇߚ᧦ޕઙߪታ㛎ෳട⠪ߏߣߦᡆૃࡦ࠳ࡑࠗ࠭ Cognition 32(4): 716-733. ߐࠇߚޕ 㪈 㫇㫉㫆㫇㫆㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫆㪽㩷㪺㫆㫉㫉㪼㪺㫋 㫇㫉㫆㫇㫆㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫆㪽㩷㪺㫆㫉㫉㪼㪺㫋 㪈 㪇㪅㪏 㪇㪅㪍 㪇㪅㪋 㪟㪨 㪇㪅㪉 㪝㪨 㪇㪅㪏 㪇㪅㪍 㪇㪅㪋 㪇㪅㪉 㪇 㪇 㪈 㪋 㪎 㪣㫀㫊㫋 㪈㪇 㪈㪊 㪈㪍 㪟㪪 㪝㪪 㪈 㪋 㪎 㪣㫀㫊㫋 㪈㪇 㪈㪊 Figure 2IS ᧦ઙߦ߅ߌࠆౣ↢ᚑ❣ Figure 1 : Quiet ᧦ઙߦ߅ߌࠆౣ↢ᚑ❣ ̿ 839 ̿ 㪈㪍
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