SolarB SOT

Solar-B
観測性能と制約
Toshifumi Shimizu
ISAS/JAXA
[email protected]
2005/10/31
Solar-B国内会議
1
今日話すこと
Solar-B搭載望遠鏡の機器としての機能詳細
は話しません
 第5回サイエンス会議(六本木)収録を見て
 観測プランを考えるとき、データ量の考慮が必
要。この点を中心に議論する。

2005/10/31
Solar-B国内会議
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Solar-B
Flight model Solar-B under system-level test
(2004 Sep 15)
2005/10/31
Solar-B国内会議
(2005 Oct 4)
3
3 high-performance telescopes

Solar Optical Telescope
(SOT)
– High resolutional
observations of magnetic and
velocity fields at the
photosphere

EUV Imaging Spectrometer
(EIS)
– Diagnostics of the coronal
thermal properties and
dynamics

X-Ray Telescope (XRT)
– High resolution imaging
of the corona
Coordinated observations among three telescopes
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Solar-B国内会議
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Solar-B FOV
800arcsec
360arcsec
320arcsec
512arcsec
160arcsec
SOT
EIS
2000arcsec
Maximum size of FOV is shown here.
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Solar-B国内会議
XRT
5
Solar-B data recorder and downlinks

Data Recorder
– 全体容量 8Gbits (1Gbytes)
– うち、7Gbitsが科学データの蓄積に使用予定
– SOT/XRT/EISの3機器がシェアして使用
通常 SOT:XRT:EIS=70%(4.9Gb):15%(1.05Gb):15%(1.05Gb)
運用会議において観測内容に応じて配分を調整
すなわち、SOT:XRT:EIS=100%:0%:0%
=40%:45%:15%
といったことは可能
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Solar-B国内会議
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Solar-B data recorder and downlinks

1日に取得できるデータ量は?
– ダウンリンク局の頻度による
– Solar-B軌道:太陽同期極軌道、約95分周期
– 計画されているダウンリンク局
• USC (内之浦) 朝夕最大各2パス
• Svalvard (ESA) 毎週回、一日15パス
– データ量見積り
• Svalvard
– 1パス時間 3~11min (El. 6 ~ 90 deg)
– 1日合計 138min (ある日の可視時間予測計算より)
• USC
– 1パス時間 5~11min
– 1日合計 32min (ある日の可視時間予測計算より)
• データダウンリンクレート ~4Mbps
• 1日合計 40.8Gbits、うち科学データ 35.7Gbits (4.4Gbytes)
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Solar-B国内会議
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観測立案のため-取得可能データ量

1日合計科学データ 35.7Gbits (4.4Gbytes)
– 標準的機器分配 SOT:XRT:EIS = 70%:15%:15%
= 25.0Gbits: 5.4Gbits: 5.4Gbits

データ発生レート
– 一日平均的にデータを取得した時
SOT= ~300Kbps, XRT= ~60Kbps, EIS= ~60Kbps
– 与えられたレコーダ容量の範囲内でバース的観測は可能
ある時間はバース的観測、残りはちょろちょろ的観測
例. SOTの場合
Possible maximum rate
~1.3 Mbps (in nominal)
~1.8 Mbps (in SOT dominant)
 ~50 min to occupy 4.9Gbits in data recorder
The rest of the time is in idle.
注:圧縮後のデータで
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Solar-B国内会議
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観測立案のため-データ量予測

生成データ量の予測が観測計画上重要となる
観測装置としては高い分解能は可能だが….
テレメトリ上制限のため

Science data can be compressed in MDP
– MDP has an ASIC chip for 12bit JPEG/DPCM
• Pixel data is bit-compressed from 16 bit-pixel to 12 bit; 8 look-up tables
• 12bit JPEG (DCT): lossy
– ~3 bits/pixel for SOT/FG data
– ~1.5 bits/pixel for SOT/SP data
, when compression noise is comparable to photon noise level
• 12bit DPCM: lossless, 6-8 bits/pixel
• Compression ratio depends on images and required quality
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Solar-B国内会議
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観測立案のため-データ量予測
FPP FG Camera simulated
image, made from La Palma
data
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Solar-B国内会議
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SOT Observational Capabilities
- Focal Plane Instruments Package (FPP)Filter (FG) Observation
A 4Kx2K CCD camera shared
Broadband Filter Imager (BFI)
Typical Observables
Filtergram
Dopplergram
Narrowband Filter Imager (NFI)
Long. Magnetogram
Stokes IQUV
Shutterd exposure
Shutterless exposure
Spectral (SP) Observation
Spectro-Polarimeter (SP)
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Stokes IQUV
Solar-B国内会議
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Multi-wavelength filter observations
with SOT
Obtained with SVST @ La Palma
H alpha
CaII H
Magnetic fields
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Solar-B国内会議
continuum (G-band)
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地上観測例:2005/7スペイン観測から
DOT
G-band
下記5台CCD同時に走らせた
 CaII H
 G-band
 Blue continuum
 H alpha
 Red continuum
2005/10/31
Speckle処理後のデータ
1.3K x 1K 90”x70” 30sec毎
 220Kpixel/sec
Solar-Bに置き換えて、
 3bit/pixel圧縮 650Kbps
視野を限るか時間を落とすかバースト的観測
Solar-B国内会議
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Observation Example



To study magnetic/dynamical nature of microflareassociated small emerging fields in AR.
Need telemetry ~300 Kbps continuously for a long period
SP observation
–
–
–
–

Fast mapping, 80” wide scanning, NS size=80”, 0.32” resolution
One map completed every 15 min
Data size: 229Kpixel every 3.6 sec.
Telemetry: 96 Kbps with 1.5bits/pixel compression.
FG observation
– G-band, 3 wavelengths in Halpha, Longitudinal magnetogram,
Dopplergram, repeated every ~45 sec.
– 80”x80” FOV, 0.08” resolution for G-band and magnetogram, 0.16” for
Halpha and Dopplergram
– Data size: 3.25M pixel every 45sec
– Telemetry: 222 Kbps with 3 bits/pixel compression
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Solar-B国内会議
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Observation Example (2)


To study short-term magnetic evolutions of entire AR.
SP observation
–
–
–
–

Normal mapping, 180” wide scanning, NS size=180”, 0.16” resolution
One map completed every 90 min
Data size: 191Kpixel/sec.
Telemetry: 290 Kbps with 1.5bits/pixel compression.
FG observation
– G-band, 3 wavelengths in Halpha, Longitudinal magnetogram,
Dopplergram, repeated every ~ 1 min.
– 160”x160” FOV, 0.16” resolution (2x2 summing)
– Data size: 8.4M pixel every 60 sec
– Telemetry: 420 Kbps with 3 bits/pixel compression

合計 710Kbps 300Kbpsの倍1/2観測し、1/2休み
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Solar-B国内会議
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XRTの場合
Observation controlled by observation tables:
Typical Time Cadences

typical data rate for XRT(1) ~ 600 k pixel / min
– example 1: Continuous Observation (576 k pixel / min)
• 384”×384”, 1”-resolution, 30sec-interval of a filter pair.
– example 2: High-Speed Observation (576 k pixel / min)
• 384”×384”, 1”-resolution, 5sec-interval of a filter pair,
10min-continuous observation and 50min intermission.
– example 3: Combination of FFI and PFI (586 k pixel / min)
• 384”×384”, 1”-resolution, 40sec-interval of a filter pair.
• 2048”×2048”, 4”-resolution, 200sec-interval of a filter pair.
(1) The total rate of 400kbps (about 15 downlink/day) is assumed. SOT, XRT and EIS usually
share this data rate in the ratio of 70%, 15% and 15 %. XRT image data is 12bit/pixel and
may be compressed to about 6bit/pixel by DPCM.
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Solar-B国内会議
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EIS Data Flow
CCD Readout
Electronics
Large hardware
CCD window
Small spectral
window (25 max)
Data compression
DPCM(loss less) or 12bit-JPEG
2Mbps max
EIS ICU 1.3 Mbps S/C MDP
control
Observation table
1 slit obs. 40 slot obs. 250 slot obs.
Spec.width
16
40
250
Spatial width 256
512
256
No. of lines
8
4
4
Compression 20%
20 %
20%
Cadence
2 sec
5 sec
15 sec
Rate
38.4 kbps 38.4 kbps
40 kbps
 250 kbps max
for short duration,
 40 kbps average
Average rate depends
on number of downlink
station.
Telemetry
data format
10 min cadence for 44 rastering
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Solar-B国内会議
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最後に、Joint観測案の一例

MO&DA Action Item:
Weber, DePontieu, & Landi will create two examples of SolarB JOPs.
Location: MODA website (SAO)--http://hea-www.harvard.edu/solarb/documents/MODA/
中身は良く見ていませんが、観測立案でどのようなことを考える
かを知る参考になるかな。。
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Solar-B国内会議
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