Japanese Psychological Review
,**3, Vol. /,, No. ., ῍ῌ῍ ῍ ῍῎῍
Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM ῌῌ ῌῌ
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False memories in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM paradigm :
Selective review of the production mechanism and phenomenology
Tomohiro NABETA
and
Takashi KUSUMI
Kyoto University,
Kyoto University
The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
False memories refer to memories of events that did not occur. The Deese-RoedigerMcDermott DRM paradigm represents a conventional experimental methodology for
examining false memories ; this paradigm involves the presentation of associated words
bed, rest, etc.0 which induce a false recall and/or false recognition of a non-presented
word critical lure ; sleep1 Many studies using the DRM paradigm have demonstrated
that a participants exhibit false memories robustly and b they experience these
memories in a vivid and detailed manner. First, this article theoretically reviews the
mechanisms that robustly produce false memories. Subsequently, accounts on subjective
experience of false memories are discussed. Based on the review, this paper finds discrepancies among the accounts with regard to whether the activation of critical lure causes
false memories and their subjective experience ; some studies show that the activation of
critical lure mediates false memories, while others show that the activation does not result
in false memories. The review concludes that none of the existing accounts sufficiently
resolve this discrepancy, suggesting that this issue needs to be investigated in future
studies.
Key words : false memory, memory illusion, false recall, false recognition, DRM paradigm, meta-analysis
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