幸于吉野宮之時柿本朝臣人麻呂作歌やすみししわご

Pre-Modern Japanese Poetry, 23
MYS I.36
幸于吉野宮之時柿本朝臣人麻呂作歌
やすみしし　わご大君の
聞こし食す　天の下に
国はしも　多にあれど
山川の　清き河内と　御心を
吉野の国の　花散らふ
秋津の野辺に
宮柱　太敷きませば
百磯城の　大宮人は　船並めて
朝川渡り
船競ひ　夕河渡る　この川の
絶ゆることなく　この山の
いや高知らす　水激つ　滝の都は
見れど飽かねかも
yasumishishi / waga ōkimi no / kikoshiosu / ame no shita ni / kuni wa shimo / sawa ni aredo / yamakawa no / kiyoki kafuchi
to / mikokoro wo / Yoshino no kuni no / hana chirau / Akizu no nobe ni / miyabashira / futoshikimaseba / momoshiki no / ōmiyabito wa / fune namete / asakawa watari / funagioi / yūkawa wataru / kono kawa no / tayuru koto naku / kono yama no / iya
takashirasu / mina sosoku / taki no miyako wa / miredo akanu kamo
Where our Sovereign reigns,
Ruling the earth in all tranquility,
Under the heaven
Of this realm she holds sway,
Many are the lands,
But of their multitude,
Seeing the clear pools
That form along this mountain stream,
She gave her heart
To the fair land of Yoshino,
And where blossoms fall
Forever on the field of Akizu
She planted firm
The mighty pillars of her palace halls.
Now the courtiers,
Men of the palace of the hundred
stones,
Line up their boats
To row across the morning stream,
Vie in their boats
To race upon the evening stream:
And like the stream
This place shall last forever,
Like these mountains
Ever loftier shall rise
Beside the plunging waters
Of the torrent her august abode:
Long though I gaze, my eyes will
never tire.
--------------Cranston
万葉集
Many are the lands
in the realm of heaven
where our Empress reigns,
where holds sway our great Sovereign
who governs in peace;
yet her august heart inclines
toward Yoshino
holding it to be a place
where the mountain stream
courses into pure pools;
and there in the fields
where flowers fall at Akizu,
she has erected
firm pillars of a palace.
Thus the courtiers,
men of the stone-built palace,
align their vessels
to cross the morning river,
and race their vessels
to cross the evening river.
Though I gaze and gaze,
never shall I have enough:
palace eternal
as the flow of the river,
palace soaring high
as the towering mountains
beside the seething cascade.
----------------- Carter
Our Great lord of the eight corners,
she who commands and rules all beneath heaven,
although her lands are indeed many,
for the clear pools of its mountain
river
her heart is drawn to the land of
Yoshino,
and on the Akizu plains, where flowers
scatter
she firmly builds the palace pillars
and thus the courtiers of the glorious
palace
line up the boats to cross the morning
river
and race the boats to cross the evening
river.
This river that flows unceasingly,
this mountain that commands the
heights,
the glorious palace by the surging
water,
we never tire to see.
----------------- Shirane
Man'yōshū: Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves
Pre-Modern Japanese Poetry, 24
MYS I.37
反歌
見れど飽かぬ
吉野の河の
常滑の
絶ゆることなく
また還り見む
miredo akanu / Yoshino no kawa no /
tokoname no / tayuru koto naku / mata
kaerimimu
Long though I gaze,
I shall never tire of Yoshino,
Within whose stream
The water-moss grows smooth forever,
As I shall come to view these sights
anew.
----------------- Cranston
I shall come again
to see it—come ceaselessly
as grows velvet moss
in the Yoshino River,
of which my eyes never tire.
----------------- Carter
We never tire to see
the eternal bed of the Yoshino River
may we return to see it flow unceasingly.
----------------- Shirane
MYS I.38
やすみしし　わご大君
神ながら　神さびせすと　吉野川
たぎつ河内に　高殿を　高知りまして
登りたちて　国見をせせば
畳はる　青垣山　山神の
奉る御調と　春べは
花かざし持ち　秋立てば
黄葉かざせり　［一は云く黄葉かざし］
逝き副ふ　川の神も　大御食に
仕へ奉ると　上の瀬に
鵜川を立ち　下つ瀬に
小網さし渡す　山川も　依りて仕ふる
神の御代かも
yasumishishi / waga ōkimi / kamunagara / kamusabi sesu to / Yoshinogawa / tagitsu kafuchi ni / takadono wo / takashirimashite
/ noboritachi / kunimi wo seseba / tatanaharu / aokakiyama / yamatsumi no / matsuru mitsuki to / harue ni wa / hana kazashimochi / aki tateba / momichi kazaseri / yukisou / kawa no kami mo / ōmike ni / tsukaematsuru to / kami tsu se ni / ukawa wo
tachi / shimo tsu se ni / sade sashiwatasu / yama kawa mo / yorite tsukauru / kami no mi yo kamo
万葉集
Man'yōshū: Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves
Pre-Modern Japanese Poetry, 25
Our great Sovereign
Who rules the land in all tranquility,
She who is a god
In action godlike has ordained
That by Yoshino
Where seething waters deepen into
pools,
Lofty halls shall rise,
Lifting high above the stream;
And when she climbs aloft
That she may gaze upon the land
Fold upon fold
The mountains standing in green
walls
Present as tribute
Offered by the mountain gods
In springtime
Blossoms worn upon the brow,
And when autumn comes
Deck themselves in yellow leaves.
Gods of the river too,
That flows along the mountain foot,
In order to provide
The Sovereign’s table with good fare,
At the upper shallows
Start the cormorants downstream,
And at the lower shallows
Spread their nets from bank to bank.
Mountain and river
Join thus in fealty to serve
The god who rules this glorious age.
----------------- Cranston
Our great Sovereign
who rules the nation in peace,
a very goddess
thinking to act as a god,
has built splendidly
a hall towering high
by seething pools
of the Yoshino River;
and when she climbs up
and standing surveys the land,
the green-wall mountains
ranging in their serried ranks
wishing to present
tribute from the mountain gods
deck their heads with flowers
if the season be springtime,
and wear colored leaves
with the coming of autumn.
And eager to give
food for the august table,
the gods of the stream
flowing beside the mountains
send out cormorants
to fish the upper shallows,
send men with scoop nets
to fish the lower shallows.
Ah, this is the reign
of a god in whose service
mountain and rivers unite!
----------------- Carter
Our great Sovereign, a goddess,
Of her sacred will
Has reared a towering palace
On Yoshino’s shore,
Encircled by its rapids;
And, climbing, she surveys the land.
The overlapping mountains,
Rising like green walls,
Offer the blossoms with spring,
As godly tributes to the Throne.
The god of the Yū River, to provide
the royal table,
Holds the cormorant-fishing
In its upper shallows,
And sinks the fishing-nets
In the lower stream.
Thus the mountains and the river
Serve our Sovereign, one in will;
It is truly the reign of a divinity.
----------------- Keene
MYS I.39
反歌
山川も
依りて仕ふる
神ながら
万葉集
A very goddess
whom the mountains and rivers
unite in serving,
she is rowed forth in her boat,
rowed forth to the seething pools.
----------------- Carter
たぎつ河内に
船出せすかも
Whom mountain and river
Join thus in fealty to serve,
She who is a god
Now sets her boat upon the stream
Where seething waters deepen into
pools.
----------------- Cranston
yama kawa mo / yorite tsukauru / kamu
nagara / tagitsu kōchi ni / funade sesu kamo
Man'yōshū: Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves
Pre-Modern Japanese Poetry, 26
MYS II.220
讃岐狭岑嶋視石中死人柿本朝臣人麻呂作歌一首
并短歌
玉藻よし　讃岐の国は　国柄か
見れど飽かぬ　神柄か
ここだ貴き　天地　日月とともに
満りゆかむ　神の御面と
継ぎ来る　中の水戸ゆ　船浮けて
わが漕ぎ来れば　時つ風
雲居に吹くに　沖見れば　とゐ波立ち
辺見れば　白波さわく　鯨魚取り
海を恐み　行く船の　梶引き折て
をちこちの　島は多けど　名くはし
狭岑の島の　荒磯面に　いほりてみれば
波の音の　繁き辺べを　敷栲の
枕になして　荒磯に　自伏す君が
家知らば　行きても告げむ　妻知らば
来も問はましを　玉桙の　道だに知らず
おほほしく　待ち恋ふらむ　愛しき妻らは
tamamo yoshi / Sanuki no kuni wa / kuni kara ka / miredomo akanu / kamu kara ka / kokoda tōtoki / ametsuchi / hitsuki to tomo
ni / tariyukamu / kami no miomo to / tsugikitaru / naka no minato yu / fune ukete / waga kogikureba / tokitsu kaze / kumoi ni
fuku ni / oki mireba / toinami tachi / he mireba / shiranami sawaku / isanatori / umi wo kashikomi / yuku fune no kaji hikiorite / wochikochi no / shima wa ōkedo / naguwashi / Samine no shima no / arisomo ni / iorite mireba / nami no oto no / shigeki
hamahe wo / shikitae no / makura ni nashite / aratoko ni / korofusu kimi ga / ie shiraba / yukite mo tsugemu / tsuma shiraba / ki
mo towamashi wo / tamahoko no / michi dani shirazu / ōhoshiku / machi ka kouramu / hashiki tsumara wa
Splendid with gemweed.
Yes, rich is the land of Sanuki,
A land of good stock—
Is it for this I gaze but do not weary?
A land of godhead—
Is it for this it bides deep in awe?
Together with heaven,
With earth, long as the sun and moon,
It will endure and prosper,
This land whose face, the legend has
come down,
Is the visage of a god.
Having come this far, once more
We launched our ship
And rowed from Naka harbor out to
sea:
Then the tide wind blew
Down from the Dwelling of the
Clouds;
When I looked far out
Great surging waves towered up,
And looking to the beach,
I saw the white waves seething on the
shore.
万葉集
In dread of the wild,
Whale-hunting sea, we struggled
With the oars of our
Hurtling ship until they bent with
strain.
Everywhere about
Were islands, but of their multitude
In the end it was
The sweet-named isle of Samine
Upon whose rocky strand
We built our shelter and then looked
about:
There on the beach
Loud with the ceaseless, pounding
surf,
Sprawled with the sand
For your pillow of fine barken cloth,
On that rough bed
You laid yourself; and if I knew
Where to find your home,
I would go to bear this word;
Or if your wife but knew,
Surely she would come to seek you
out;
But all unknowing
Even of the jewel-spear road to take,
Timidly anxious,
Even now she must be waiting, yearning,
The dear wife that you loved so well.
----------------- Cranston
Man'yōshū: Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves
Pre-Modern Japanese Poetry, 27
Land of Sanuki,
rich in gemlike seaweed:
is it the land’s nature
that attracts our tireless gaze?
Is it the god’s nature
that inspires us with such awe?
This is the visage
of a god who will flourish
together with
heaven and earth, sun and moon:
thus we have been taught.
Arrived at Naka harbor,
we set out to sea,
and as we rowed onward,
a seasonal wind
began to blow in the sky.
In the offing,
surging waves came thundering in.
In dread of the sea,
that awesome place where men hunt
whales,
we bent our oars
on our journeying boat.
There were many isles
scattered in this place and that,
but we made our shelter,
our rude hut, by the rocky strand
of Samine,
fair-named island of renown.
And there I saw you
fallen face down on a rough bed,
with only the shore
where the waves sound ceaselessly
to serve as your pillow
on which to rest your head.
If I knew your house,
I would go there with tidings;
if your wife but knew,
she would come to seek you out.
But not knowing
even the way to follow,
she must be waiting
with anxious, yearning heart—
she, your beloved wife.
----------------- Carter
MYS II.221
反歌二首
MYS II.222
沖つ波
来よる荒磯を
敷栲の
Alas, poor man,
that you have lain down to sleep,
taking as pillow
the rocky, wind-swept shore
battered by waves from the sea!
----------------- Carter
枕と枕きて
寝せる君かも
万葉集
妻あらば
And you who lie asleep
Where the long waves wash ashore,
Taking this rough strand
For a pillow of barken cloth
Where you might rest your head…
----------------- Cranston
採りみてたげまし
佐美の山
Had your wife been here,
the two of you might have eaten
starwort from the fields
of Mount Sami—that starwort
whose season is now past.
----------------- Carter
野の上のうはぎ
過ぎにけらずや
If your wife were here
She would pick herbs for you to eat
The starworts that grow
In the fair upland fields of Sami—
But is their time not long gone by?
----------------- Cranston
tsuma mo araba / tsumite tagemashi
/ Sami no yama / no no ue no uhagi /
suginikerazu ya
oki tsu nami / kiyoru ariso wo /
shitae no / makura to makite /
naseru kimi kamo
Man'yōshū: Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves
Pre-Modern Japanese Poetry, 28
MYS II.266
柿本朝臣人麻呂歌
一首
近江の海
夕波千鳥
汝が鳴けば
You wave-plovers
of dusk on the Ōmi Sea—
each time you cry out
my heart withers within me,
set on things of long ago.
----------------- Carter
情もしのに
古思ほゆ
Kakinomoto no Hitomaro
Out on Ōmi Sea
Plovers on the evening waves,
When I hear your cries,
Into my now helpless heart
Come thoughts of long ago.
----------------- Cranston
Ōmi no umi / yūnami chidori / na ga nakeba /
kokoro mo shino ni / inishie omōyu
MYS VII. 1269
柿本朝臣人麻呂歌集
巻向の
山辺とよみて
行く水の
万葉集
We of this world
are like the bubbles
of the flowing waters
that roar beside the hills
of Makimuku
----------------- Collins
水沫のごとし
世の人われは
On rushing water roaring
Through mountain gorges
Under Makimuku—we
Who are people of this world.
----------------- Cranston
Makimuku no / yamabe toyomite / yuku
mizu no / minawa no gotoshi / yo no hito
ware wa
Man'yōshū: Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves
Pre-Modern Japanese Poetry, 29
Grammar Supplement
✿✿ Annotated Grammar
MYS III.266
Reading (with “furigana”)
あふみ
うみ
ゆふなみちどり
な
な
こころ
いにしへ
おも
近江の海夕波千鳥　汝が鳴けば　情もしのに　古　思ほゆ
Parsed Text
近江の海夕波千鳥　汝　が　鳴け　ば　情　も　しのに　固有名詞
名詞
代名詞
格助
四段／已然形接助詞
名詞
係助
副詞
古　思ほゆ　名詞
下二段／終止形
Vocabulary
近江の海(proper n.) another name for Lake Biwa
夕波千鳥(n.) "chidori" = plover (birds); "yū” = evening; “nami” = waves
汝(n.) you
鳴け(v.) cry
しのに(adv.) a modifier for the way moisture (like a mist) or an emotion (like sadness) permeates or saturates
思ほゆ(v.) to find oneself thinking about (formed from the 未然形 of "omohu" + 助動詞 "yu" = spontaneity).
万葉集
Man'yōshū: Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves・Supplement

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