᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻡 ᅇ䠄㻞㻜㻝㻝䠅㻌 ື䞉ືᶵ䛵䛡㻌 㻟㻱㼂㻝㻝㻡㻌 ㈇ࡢࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡ⏕⌮ⓗ࡞ࢸࢫࢺᏳᛂࡢ㛵ಀ ̿ᚰᢿࢆࢸࢫࢺᏳࡢ࢜ࣥࣛࣥࡢᣦᶆࡋ࡚̿ ୰㔝 㤶Ꮚ 㸦ᮾᏛᏛ㝔ᩍ⫱Ꮫ◊✲⛉㸧 ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ: ࢸࢫࢺᏳ㸪ᚰᢿ㸪ࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡ The effect of the negative feedback to Heart Rates as the online index of test anxiety. Yukako NAKANO (Graduate School of Education, Tohoku University) Key words: Test Anxiety, Heart Rate, Feedback ┠ ⓗ ࢸࢫࢺᏳ◊✲࠾࠸࡚㸪Ᏻ᧯సࡋ࡚㈇ࡢࣇ࣮ࢻࣂ ࢵࢡࢆ࠺࠸࠺ᡭἲࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ࡓ࠼ࡤ Egloff & Schmukle, 2002 ࡞㸧 ࠋࡇࢀࡣపᡂ⦼ࢆணᮇࡍࡿࡇࡀࢸࢫࢺᏳࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ ࠸࠺⌮⏤ࡼࡿࠋࢸࢫࢺᏳࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓሙྜ㸪⏕⌮ⓗ࡞ᛂ ㄆ▱ⓗ࡞ᛂࡢ୧⪅ࡀక࠺ࡇࡀᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦⸨㸪 1995㸧 㸪ᚑ᮶ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㉁ၥ⣬ㄪᰝ࡛ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡍࡿㄆ▱ⓗ ᛂࢆ୰ᚰ᳨ウࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ⏕⌮ⓗᛂ ╔┠ࡋ㸪⏕⌮ⓗᛂࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿᚰᢿ㸦Heart Rate㸸௨ୗ HR㸧 ࢆᣦᶆࡋ࡚㸪㐙⾜ࡢࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡀࢸࢫࢺᏳࡢࡼ ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡢࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇࡍࡿࠋ ᪉ ἲ ᑐ㇟ Ꮫ⏕࣭Ꮫ㝔⏕ 30 ྡࠋ ᮦᩱ ࠙ㄢ㢟ࠚᩘ⊂ࣃࢬࣝ㸦⦎⩦ס㸪ࢸࢫࢺ 2 ᅇ ྛףע6 ၥࡢィ 18 ၥ㸧 ࠙㉁ၥ⣬ࠚ㐩ᡂ┠ᶆᚿྥᛶᑻᗘפ㸦PG ᅇ㑊ᚿྥᛶ 5 㡯┠ ࢆྵࡴィ 15 㡯┠㸦⏣୰࣭⸨⏣,2003㸧ࢆ୍㒊ᨵኚ㸧 㸪๓㉁ၥ⣬ץ 㸦ㄢ㢟ᑐࡍࡿ㐩ᡂ┠ᶆ 6 㡯┠㸪ᡂ⦼ணᮇ㸸͆ࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡ͇͆ࢸ ࢫࢺ⤖ᯝ͇ ͆┤๓ࡢ㐙⾜ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ͇ ͆ᐇຊẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ͇ࡢ 4 㡯┠㸧 㸪ᚋ㉁ၥ⣬צ㸦Ᏻᑻᗘ 15 㡯┠㸪ᡂ⦼ணᮇ㸸 ࡌྠץ4 㡯┠㸧 ࠋ6 ௳ἲࠋ ࠙⨨ࠚᚰᢿィ㸦LRR-03㸧㸪㟁ᴟࣃࢵࢻ ᡭ⥆ࡁ ࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡢ␗࡞ࡿ 2 ᮲௳ୗ㸦PF ᮲௳㸸Positive Feedback/NF ᮲௳㸸Negative Feedback 㸧࡛ࡢㄆ▱㸦 ᡂ⦼ணᮇ 㸧 HR ࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪᮲௳ࡢ࿊♧㡰ᗎࡣ 5㸧8㸧࡛࢝࢘ࣥࢱ ࣮ࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆࡗࡓࠋ1㸧HR ᐃࢆ㛤ጞࠋ2㸧ࢆפㄢࡍࠋ3㸧 ㄢ㢟ࡢゎἲࡢㄝ᫂ᚋ㸪⦎⩦㸦15 ศ㸧ࠋ4㸧ࢆצㄢࡍࠋ5㸧ࣇ࣮ ࢻࣂࢵࢡࢆ࠼ࡿࠋ6㸧ࢆץㄢࡍࠋ7㸧ࢸࢫࢺ 1㸦15 ศ㸧ᚋ㸪 ࢆצㄢࡍࠋ8㸧ࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࢆ࠼ࡿࠋ9㸧ࢆץㄢࡍࠋ10㸧 ࢸࢫࢺ 2㸦15 ศ㸧ᚋ㸪ࢆצㄢࡍࠋ11㸧ࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡ㸦PF ᮲ ௳㸧ࢆ࠼ࡿࠋ12㸧HR ᐃࢆ⤊ࠋ ศᯒ ࠓᡂ⦼ணᮇࠔ๓㉁ၥ⣬ࡢץᡂ⦼ணᮇ㸲㡯┠࠾ࡢ࠾ࡢ ࡢᚓⅬࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋࠓHRࠔࢸࢫࢺ㛤ጞ┤๓㸦ࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࢆ ࠼࡚ࡽࢸࢫࢺ㛤ጞࡲ࡛ࡢ 1 ศ㛫㸧 ࣭ࢸࢫࢺ㛤ጞ┤ᚋ㸦ࢸࢫࢺ㛤ጞ ┤ᚋࡢ 1 ศ㛫㸧ࡢ HR ࡢᖹᆒࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ࡞࠾ᖹᆒ±2SD ࢆ㉸࠼ ࡓ 4 ྡࢆ㝖እࡋࡓ 26 ྡࢆᑐ㇟௨ᚋࡢศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ⤖ ᯝ 㸯㸬3) ᮲௳1) ᮲௳ࡢᡂ⦼ணᮇࡢẚ㍑ 2 ᮲௳㸦PF ᮲௳/NF ᮲௳㸧࡛ᡂ⦼ணᮇࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ࠕࣇ ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡢணᮇࠖࡢᕪࡢࡳࡀ᭷ព࡛࠶ࡾ㸦t㸦25㸧 = -2.900, p<.01 㸧㸪PF ᮲௳ࡀ NF ᮲௳ẚ࡚ᡂ⦼ணᮇࡀ㧗ࡗࡓ 㸦TABLE1 ཧ↷㸧ࠋ TABLE1㻌 PF/NF ᮲௳䛤䛸䛾⤖ᯝணᮇ䠄ᖹᆒ ± SD䠅 PF ᮲௳ NF ᮲௳ 3.42 ± 0.90 2.96 ± 1.08 䝣䜱䞊䝗䝞䝑䜽䛾ணᮇ 3.19 ± 0.98 2.96 ± 1.08 䝔䝇䝖⤖ᯝ䛾ணᮇ 3.85 ± 1.01 ┤๓䛾㐙⾜䛸ẚ㍑䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䛾ணᮇ 3.73 ± 1.04 2.96 ± 1.11 2.77 ± 0.99 ᐇຊ䛸ẚ㍑䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䛾ணᮇ ࡑࡢࡢࠕࢸࢫࢺ⤖ᯝࡢணᮇ㸦t㸦25㸧=1.656, n.s.㸧ࠖ ࠕ┤๓ࡢ㐙⾜ ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࡢணᮇ㸦t㸦25㸧=-.647, n.s.㸧ࠖࠕᐇຊẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ ᯝ㸦t㸦25㸧=1.224, n.s.㸧ࠖࡢᕪࡣ᭷ព࡛ࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ 㸰㸬3) ᮲௳1) ᮲௳ࡢ +5 ࡢẚ㍑ 2 ᮲௳㸦PF ᮲௳/NF ᮲௳㸧࡛ࢸࢫࢺ㛤ጞ┤๓࠾ࡼࡧࢸࢫࢺ㛤 ጞ┤ᚋࡢ HR ࡘ࠸࡚ t ᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪2 ᮲௳㛫࡛ࢸࢫࢺ ┤๓ࡢ HR ࡢᕪࡣ᭷ព࡛࡞ࡗࡓ㸦t㸦25㸧=-1.054, n.s.㸧ࠋࢸࢫࢺ ┤ᚋࡢ HR ࡢᕪࡣ᭷ព࡛࠶ࡾ㸦t㸦25㸧=-2.208, p<.05㸧㸪PF ᮲௳ ẚ NF ᮲௳ࡢ HR ࡀ㧗ࡗࡓ㸦TABLE2 ཧ↷㸧ࠋ TABLE2 PF ᮲௳/NF ᮲௳ୗ࡛ࡢ HR㸦ᖹᆒ ± SD㸧 PF ᮲௳ NF ᮲௳ 79.08 ± 12.37 77.04 ± 9.88 ࢸࢫࢺ㛤ጞ┤๓ 76.62 ± 10.27 80.69 ± 10.89 ࢸࢫࢺ㛤ጞ┤ᚋ ⪃ ᐹ ᮏ◊✲ࡼࡾ㸪ṇࡢࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡣ␗࡞ࡾ㸪㈇ࡢࣇ࣮ ࢻࣂࢵࢡࢆ࠼ࡿࡇ࡛㸪పᡂ⦼ࡢணᮇࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪ࢸࢫࢺ㛤ጞ ┤ᚋࡢ HR ࡶ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㈇ࡢࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡢᶵ⬟ ࡋ࡚㸪ࢸࢫࢺᏳࡢㄆ▱ⓗᛂ⏕⌮ⓗᛂࡢ୧⪅స⏝ ࡍࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡍࡶࡢゝ࠼ࡿࠋ ᚑ᮶ࡢࢸࢫࢺᏳ◊✲࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㉁ၥ⣬ㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪࢜ ࡛ࣥࣛࣥࡢࢸࢫࢺᏳࡢ ᐃࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑࢀᑐࡋ㸪⏕⌮ⓗᣦᶆ࡛ࡣࢸࢫࢺ୰ࡢᛂࢆ࡛࢜ࣥࣛࣥ ᐃࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ⏕⌮ⓗᣦᶆࡢ⥅ⓗ࡞ ᐃࡼࡾ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛♧ࡉࢀࡓࡼ࠺࡞ᦂࡽࡂࡸࡍࡉࢆᫎࡋࡓ ヲࢸࢫࢺᏳࡢヲ⣽࡞ኚືࢆᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ⏕⌮ⓗᣦᶆࡼࡿ ᐃࡣ㸪ჾලࡢ╔࡞ไ⣙ࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ᮏ⤖ᯝࡣ⏕⌮ ⓗᣦᶆࡢ᭷ຠᛶࡘ࠸୍࡚ᐃࡢ♧၀ࢆ࠼ࡿࡶࡢ࠸࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡛⏝ࡋࡓㄆ▱ⓗ࡞ᣦᶆ࡛ࡣࢸࢫࢺᏳࡢㄆ▱ⓗ ᛂࡘ࠸࡚༑ศ᳨ウ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡉࡽ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ⏕ ⌮ⓗᣦᶆࢆ HR ࡢ 1 ᣦᶆࡋ⏝࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀ㸪HR ྠᵝ ࡢ⏕⌮ⓗᣦᶆࡶࢸࢫࢺᏳࡢኚືࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣ᭷⏝ ࡛࠶ࡿࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ௨ୖࡢ 2 Ⅼࡼࡾ㸪ㄆ▱ⓗᛂ࠾ࡼࡧ⏕ ⌮ⓗᛂࡢ୧⪅ࡢᣦᶆ࠾࠸࡚㸪ᕤኵࡢవᆅࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ ࡲࡓ㸪ࢸࢫࢺᏳࡀ㐙⾜ࢆጉᐖࡍࡿ࠸࠺▱ぢ㸦⸨㸪1995㸧 ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࡿ㸪ᚋࡣ㸪ᮏ◊✲ࡢ㈇ࡢࣇ࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡀࢸࢫ ࢺᏳࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ࠸࠺⤖ᯝࢆ㊊ࡀࡾࡋ࡚㸪ࢸࢫࢺᏳࡢ 㧗ࡲࡾࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ Egloff, B. & Schmukle, S.C. (2002). Predictive Validity of an Implicit Association Test for Assessing Anxiety. Journal of Personality and social psychology, 83(6), 1441-1455 ⸨⩏ஂ (1995). ࢸࢫࢺᏳࡢືྥㄢ㢟 ᩍ⫱ᚰ⌮Ꮫ◊✲, 43, 455-463. ⏣୰ࡲࡺࡳ࣭⸨⏣ဴஓ (2003). Ꮫ⏕ࡢ㐩ᡂ┠ᶆᤵᴗホ౯, Ꮫᴗ㐙⾜ࡢ㛵㐃. ᪥ᮏᩍ⫱ᕤᏛ㞧ㄅ, 27(4), 397-403. ̿ 941 ̿
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