Personal Information Name Student number Address Postal Code Place of residence Telephone number E-mail Address Ruben Cornelis van der Plas 1373544 Michiel de Ruyterweg 488 2628 JZ Delft 06-48239283 [email protected] Studio Theme Teachers Argumentation Theme Teachers Explore-Lab R. Nottrot, J. Heintz, E. van Dooren, M. van Dorst To research without restraint the topical and important subject of cost-effective architecture. Synergetic Cost-effective Architecture P. de Jong, R. Nottrot, Y. Cuperus Title Title of graduation project Synergetic Cost-effective Architecture Product Problem Statement Problem Statement The persisting financial crisis demands cost-effective architecture. Several theorists indicate that economization in architecture without oppressing a specific architectural style is only achieved by synergetic design. However, designing synergetic architecture proves very hard and only few architects appear to do this succesfully. Therefore I first want to investigate the (neurologic) process of designing synergetically, and based on my findings, see if it is possible to create a specific tool for architect's to design cost-effective synergetic architecture more easily. To apply the research I want to use the developed design tool to make a more cost-effective redesign of the Groninger Forum. The choice of a redesign allows an evaluative cost-effectiveness comparison between the two designs, which might turn out to prove the relevance of my research. The program is a mixed-use cultural cluster comprising the Groninger Museum, the Groninger library, the Groninger Archives, a cultural cinema, event-space, Parking garage and restaurant. The complexity of the program gives (in my opinion) more freedom to find smart cost-effective solutions. Synergy is to be realized between as many as possible aspects of the complex. i.e. the mixed (hybrid) program, climatization, the site, building components, exploitation and for example building regulations. Research questions Introductory research questions: – Is it possible to design a synergetic economical building without omitting on qualitative architectural features? Research questions about synergy and the neurologic design process: – Is it possible to facilitate and enrich the neurologic process of designing synergetically? – What are the requirements for a possible design tool to facilitate and enrich the neurologic process of designing synergetically? About economization on the costs of a building: – In what expenses are construction-, site-, and exploitation costs of the average non-residential building subdivided? How large are these individual expenses in relation to the whole? – What are known strategies to economize on these different expenses? – What are known building components with which these strategies can be realized? About the design of a convenient handbook: – How to structure a practical facilitator for designing synergetic cost-effective architecture? Evaluating questions on the application of the handbook on my own design assignment: – Did the handbook help me throughout the design process of the Groninger Forum to design costeffective synergetic solutions? – Did the handbook turn out to be a creativity-oppressing straightjacket of economization? Or did it enrich and feed the search of architectural solutions? – Are the solutions in my design of the Groninger Forum demonstrably more cost-effective than the solutions of NL-Architects? Is this at the cost of architectural quality? Goals Research goals Design goals Proces Method description To prove and demonstrate the need of a handbook that facilitates the cost-effective synergetic design process of the architect. The handbook will comprise structured information entities in the form of pictograms of economization strategies and building components, that feed (instead of oppress) the synergetic design process. To draw an axonometric (technical) overview of my final design of the Groninger Forum, demonstrating all the cost-effective synergetic systems it comprises in one unity. To prove and demonstrate the merit of the handbook, by utilizing it to redesign a cost-effective (i.e. with balanced quality and costs) Groninger Forum. Focus should not only be on cost-effectiveness, but also on the urban context and the program as a public cultural cluster. In fact: these three aspects should be synergized by the design into one unity. This versatile research demands several kinds of scientific research methods. At first, literature from the Real Estate & Housing department shows the best overall strategy to design cost-effectively. Subsequently, design process and neurologic literature shows how the process of designing synergetically actually works. After this, a very broad range of literature, interviews and lectures lists economization strategies and components for the different expenses of non-residential buildings. These have to be arranged and structured into a handbook that meets the requirements posed by the neurologic literature study. This handbook will give architect's a quick overview of possible economization strategies. Since there will be too many strategies to quickly view (over 150), they have to be subdivided and structured according to the different levels of scale of the design process (i.e. site, building volume, facade, materialization and detailing). To test and perhaps prove the use of this design approach, the final redesign of the Groninger Forum is to be compared to the actual design by NL-Architects. Since both buildings are designed under the same contextual and programmatic circumstances, a pure and scientific comparison of synergetic costeffectiviness is possible. Literature – Andreas, R., & Cite de l'architecture et du Patrimoine. (2009). Lacaton et Vassal. Paris: HYX. – Boekholt, J. T. (1984). Bouwkundig ontwerpen; een beschrijving van de structuur van bouwkundige ontwerpprocessen. Z. p.: z. uitg. – Boekholt, J. T. (2000). Ontwerpend leren, leren ontwerpen een boekje voor iedereen die iets wil leren over ontwerpen, die ontwerpprojecten moet begeleiden, die ontwerpprojecten wil formuleren. Eindhoven: TU Eindhoven. – Bono, E. d. (1969). The mechanism of mind. London: Cape. – Doorn, A. v., & Delft University of Technology Faculty of Architecture Department of Real Estate and Housing. (2011). Ontwerp/proces (2e dr. ed.). Amsterdam: SUN. – Doorn, A. v., & Bueren, E. v. (2012). Het duurzame ontwerp project. Amsterdam: SUN. – Duisterwinkel, A. (0000). Schoonmaakbewust Ontwerpen. 's-Hertogenbosch: Ondernemersorganisatie Schoonmaak- en Bedrijfsdiensten – Foque, R. (1975). Ontwerpsystemen; een inleiding tot de ontwerptheorie. Utrecht: Spectrum. – Foque, R. (2010). Building knowledge in architecture. Brussels: UPA. – Gerritse, C., & TU Delft Faculteit der Bouwkunde Afdeling Real Estate and Housing. (2005). Kostenkwaliteitsturing in de vroege fasen van het huisvestingsproces. Delft: DUP Science. – Gerritse, C., TU Delft Faculteit der Bouwkunde Vakgroep Bouwmanagement en Vastgoedbeheer, & Rijksgebouwendienst Directie Huisvestingsbeleid Afdeling Inkoopbeleid. (1993). Stapeling en inpandigheid. Delft: TU Delft. – Gili, M. n. (2002). Lacaton and Vassal. Barcelona: Gili. – Guilford, J. P. (1967). The nature of human intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill. – Hegger, M. (2008). Energy manual sustainable architecture. Basel: Birkh*user. – Ibelings, H. (2001). Claus en Kaan gebouwen. Rotterdam: NAi Uitgevers. – Ibelings, H., & Berg, J. (2009). Claus en Kaan Architecten. Ideal standard buildings 1988-2009. Delft: Prototype Editions. – Kamerling, M. W., Jellema, R., & Kamerling, J. W. (2004). Hogere bouwkunde Jellema Dl. 9 Utiliteitsbouw; bouwmethoden (2e dr. ed.). Utrecht: Thiememeulenhoff. – Linden, A. C. v. d. (2006). Bouwfysica (6 dr. 2e opl. ed.). Utrecht: Thiememeulenhoff. - Morris, P., & Matthiessen, L. (2007). Cost of Green Revisited: Davis Langdon. – Neufert, E., & Neufert, P. (2012). Architect's data (4th ed.). London: Blackwell. – Schittich, C., & Institut fur Internationale Architektur-Dokumentation. (2007). In detail: cost-effective building economic concepts and constructions. Basel: Birkhauser. – Straub, A. (2001). Technisch beheer door woningcorporaties in de 21e eeuw professioneel, klantgericht en duurzaam Online resource. Delft: DUP Science. – Uythoven, A. J. (2007). Bouwregelgeving in woord en beeld. Doetinchem: Reed Business Information. – Vollaard, P. (2007). Catalogue; the work of Cepezed. Rotterdam: 010 Publishers. – Wamelink, J. W. F., & Bennekom, H. A. v. (2010). Inleiding bouwmanagement (2e dr. ed.). Delft: VSSD. – Yudelson, J. (2009). Green building trends Europe. Washington: Island Press. Reflection Social relevance Now that the financial crisis is persisting and the collapsed building economy has difficulties standing up again, architect's can show their worth to society more than ever by making designs that synergetically meet the posed requirements in a cost-effective way. Instead of making nonchalant luxurious designs like some architects did before the crisis, we should gain in-depth knowledge about cost-effectiveness, and be able to conduct it together with all the other demands into an intellegent synergetic unity. Perhaps an example of nonchalant architecture is the current Groninger Forum by NL Architects. It is a precrisis design being constructed during the crisis. Some of it's (in my opinion) nonchalant design choices, together with the consternation the building provokes shows that society demands architects who act like good responsible stewards over the purses of the public or the client. From an ethical point of view. Apart from the above mentioned, cost-effective architecture automatically results in energetically passive design, meeting the requirements of sustainability goals. Cost-effective design therefore turns blunt commercial goals into a strategic tool to reach ethical sustainable goals. Scientific relevance Time Planning Calender week The main focus on cost-effectiveness in our faculty lies in the department of Real Estate & Housing, whereas the department of Architecture actually should master this knowledge. The gap in between these two departments could be modestly breached by my design tool for architect's. It translates known knowledge from RE&H into an overview of short and understandable pictograms, that directly feed and enrich the synergetic design process of the architect. Without having to read endless textual reports. 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 1 2 3 4 5 P2 presentations (now) research: finish handbook research: finish handbook. from this moment onward utilize handbook in design process – – – project: urban analysis and in-depth program brief study project: conceptual hybrid floor plan schemes + section schemes ““ ““ ““ project: integrated climatic systems + facade ““ project: elaborate integrated floorplans + sections ““ Research: draw technical axonometry of synergetic cost-effectiveness for Gr. Forum. ““ ““ P3 presentations project: elaborate integrated floorplans + sections project: facade + detailling ““ ““ project: prepare p4 P4 presentations P4 presentations project: finish detailling + elaboration overall plan project: model + presentation ““ ““ ““ P5 presentation P5 presentation
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