Part of Speech

Adjectives and
Adverbs 3
Grammar and Vocabulary Ⅰ
June 17, 2011
Small conversation
What time do you usually get up on
weekends?
Which do you like better, Saturday or
Sunday? And why?
How do you usually spend your
weekends?
Do you have any plans for this
weekend?
What is your ideal weekend?
Adjectives and Adverbs

Adjective



A kind of word which names a quality
In a sentence “This is a heavy box”, “heavy”
is an adjective
Adverb


A word used with verb, adjective, or another
adverb telling how, when, and where
Jane carefully (→how) washed her skirt
yesterday (→when) and hung it here
(→where)
Exercise 2 (pp.23-24)
(1) You speak German (fluent / fluently).
⇒ fluently（流暢に）
(2) Don’t drive your car too (fast / fastly).
⇒ fast（速く）
(3) This is a (Korea / Korean) doll.
⇒ Korean（韓国の、朝鮮の）
(4) (Frank / Frankly) speaking, you are
wrong.
⇒ Frankly（率直に、正直に）
(5) My wife came home (late / lately)
last night.
⇒ late（遅く、遅めに）
(6) You must study (hard / hardly) to
pass the exam.
⇒ hard（熱心に、一生懸命に）
(7) There are (much / many) books in
the library.
⇒ many（多数の、多くの）
(8) Joe has only (a few / a little) friends.
⇒ a few（少数の、少しの）
Exercise 4 (pp.24-25)
(1) You must not be late for school.
(2) The number of traffic accidents is
decreasing lately.
late ⇒ 遅れた、遅刻した、
lately ⇒ 最近、近頃
(3) It was hard work.
(4) It is hardly believable that he won
the lottery.
hard ⇒ 難しい、骨の折れる、めんどうな
hardly ⇒ ほとんど～ない、とうてい～な
い
(5) My house is near to the train station.
(6) Nearly three thousand people came
to the concert.
near ⇒ ～の近くに
nearly ⇒ ほぼ、ほとんど
Conversation Practice
He Drives Very Carelessly
 Pay attention to adjectives and
adverbs

A: I think he’s a careless driver.
 B: I agree. He drives VERY
carelessly.

2.
A: I think he’s a slow chess player.
 B: I agree. He plays chess VERY
slowly.

Unit 98
Adjectives and Adverbs
 98.2
 98.3
 98.4
Order of adjectives of quality

Several
variations are
possible but
a fairly usual
order is:
adjectives of








size
general description
age, (little)
shape
color
material
origin
purpose
Unit 97
Adjectives: a nice new house

Sometimes we use two or more adjectives
together:




My brother lives in a nice new house.
There was a beautiful large round wooden
table in the kitchen.
Adjectives like new/large/round/wooden
are fact adjectives
Adjectives like nice/beautiful are opinion
adjectives
Unit 97
Adjectives: a nice new house


Opinion adjectives usually go before fact
adjectives
We put fact adjectives in this order:






How big?
How old?
What color?
Where from?
What is it made of?
Noun
Unit 97
Adjectives: a nice new house
 97.1
Participles used as adjectives

Present participles (ing) and past
participles (ed) can be used as
adjectives.
Present participle adjectives,
amusing, boring, tiring etc., are
active and mean ‘having this effect’.
 Past participle adjectives, amused,
horrified, tired etc., are passive and
mean ‘affected in this way’.

Unit 96
Adjectives ending in –ing and -ed


There are many adjectives ending in –ing
and –ed, for example: boring and bored.
Somebody is bored if something (or
somebody else) is boring. Or, if something
is boring, it makes you bored. So,



Jane is bored because her job is boring.
Jane’s job is bored, so Jane is bored. (not
Jane is boring.)
If a person is boring, this means that they
make other people bored:

George always talks about the same thing.
He’s really boring.
Unit 96
Adjectives ending in –ing and -ed
I’m bored with my job.
I’m not interested in
my job any more.
I get very tired doing
tiring.
my job.
I’m not satisfied with
satisfying.
my job.
My job makes me
depressing.
depressed.
My job is boring.
interesting.
Julia thinks politics is
interesting.
It was surprising that
he passed the exam.
The movie was
disappointing.
The news was
shocking.
Julia is interested in
politics.
Everybody was
surprised that he
passed the exam.
We were disappointed
with the movie.
I was shocked when I
heard the news.
Unit 96
Adjectives ending in –ing and -ed
 96.1
 96.2
 96.3

Albert Einstein

Learn from yesterday, live for today,
hope for tomorrow. The important
thing is not to stop questioning.
Have a good weekend!

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