Journal of the Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Vol. 1, pp. 87ῌ96, 2005 ῟ῤῩ̮ῒῐ̯̮̯̰̮̮῏῍῎ῑ̯῝ΊῨῐ̯̮ΰ῞῍ 1 ῡ ῗ ̰῍2ῌΐ ̯ ῦ Ῑ῍2ῌῧ Ῐ ̮῍3ῌ ῢ ῠ Ὶ῍4 ̰ ̰ ῥ῍5ῌ̯ ̯ ̮ ̰῍5 (Received February 14, 2005) Operation Strategy by Target Species on O#shore Purse Seine Fisheries in the Western Waters of Japan῍1 Chikara Shimane῍2, Hiroshi Inada῍2, Tuyoshi Ozaki῍3, Miyako Katoh῍4, Toshiyuki Okano῍5 and Kensou Tanaka῍5 Abstract: Operation strategy of o#shore purse seine fisheries were analyzed with its data of 1,620 operation records and 1,191 catch landing records according to the target species, during 1995ῌ2001 in the western waters of Japan. The purse seine fleet here was composed of the purse seiner (135 G/T), two of fish finding and lighting boats (60 G/T), and two carriers (300 G/T). Two types of operation were categorized as the pursing after light attracting (72.3%) and fish finding (27.7%). The maximum catch amount in weight of fish finding operation was 280 ton, however, almost of operations were less than 50 ton catch, which comprised 93 hauls for mackerel Scomber japonicus and 159 hauls for bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus. In case of operations by light attracting 399 hauls for mackerel and 400 hauls for jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus were less than 50 ton catch amount. The average catch per haul was 28 ton for light attracting and 15 ton for fish finding operation. According to the smaller amount of average catch per haul, the e$cient operation of carrier boats should be considered for the further cost reduction to minimize the transportation cost between the fishing ground and the landing port. Key words: Purse seine, Light attracting, Fish finding, Target species, Operational strategy ῖ ῖῢῩῠQ̳ῢῶ῍ Q῍ῘῢQQQQῚ ̳̯ΰ῍ ῖ ̰ῥ̯ῢQQ QῨQ̳QQ̰QQῙ̯̯῍ Q̯ῢ Q῍ Q῭`Ὼ῍ ῴῺ῍ QQQ῍ QῑQῺ̱̯Ῥ Scom- ῾ΰ῍ QQῢQQQQ̰̲̯Ῑ῞ ̳QῢQQ̰Q ber japonicus῍ Ὺ΅ Trachurus japonicus ̰QQQῡQ̳Ῑ ̰ῖ̯̮̯ῡῠ῟̯̰ῌ ῥ῞῍ QQῢQ̯Qῠ̯̯ῖ ̯̰Q῍ῘῺ̱ῢQQQQῚQQΰ῍ Q῟̮ῢῢQQ̯ ῗ̰QQΊ̰Q̯῍ QQQῗ̯ῢQ̳QQ̰ῐῲΊ̰ῖ̯ ̳ῷῢQῙῡῩ῟̯Q̱̮QQῙ῍ 1992 ῏̱Q῍ QQ̮Q ῧ̯̯ΐ̰ῌ QῚῢQ̳QQῡ̲Ῑ̯ΰ῍ ῖ̰ῥ̯ῡῚQ̰̯ ῼ QῙ̯̰1, 3)ῌ ̱ ῖ῍ 1997 ῏ ῡ ῍ Ῐ ῢ ῒ Q Q Q Q Q ̱ (EEZ) Q ῡ ῢ7)῍ Q̮̮̯ ῼῢῡ̲Ί̰Q 8) ῨQῚQQQῢ̳Q TAC QQ̮Q῎Ῐ̰῍ Q῍ῘῢQῚQQῢQQQQ̯ΐ QQῡ̲Ί̰Q 9῏11) ΰΐ̰̮῍ QQ̳Q̮ῡ̯̮῍ ̰Ὺ΅῍ Ῥῡ῏̲ῢ TAC ῐ ῼ ῞ῢῑ ̮QQῘ Q̳Q̳῍ Q̳Q̳ῠ̯ῢQ̳QQῡ̱Ὶ̯Q̳QQ̰̮ ̰῞ ῌ Ῐ̰ῡ῍ 1999 ῏ῡΰ῍̲Q ̳̳Q῍ 2000 ῏ῡ QῙ῞Q ΰQQ῞̰ῠῌ 4) ΰ῍QQ ̳̳Q̮QQῘ̰῍ Q῭`Ὼ̯ῴῺῢQQQQ Q̱ΰQQ῎̲Q Q̯ῢ̳Q̯̯Q̱ῡῠ῟῞ 5, 6) ῌ Ῑ ῝ῖ̯ῘQ ̯ΰ῍ Q̯QῠQ̳QῡῢῠῳῡQΊ̰῞ ῦ῍ QQQῚ ̳ῡ̮̮̰QQ̳῎Q῟̮ ῤ̰̯̯῍ ̮Ῑ῍ ̳QQ̮QQQῡ̯̯Ῑ῍ QQῢ Q̰ ̯ Q̳῎Q̳Q̳̮ῡQQQ̰QQῙ῍ ῝ῢQ̳QQ̰̮Q ̮ῠῠ̯ 3 ΎQ̲ῢ̳Q̲̯ΰῤ̯̰̯QQῙ̯ῠ Ῑ῞ῌ ῌ 6) ῍1 Q῍ῘῺ̱ῢQQQQῚ ̳ῡ̮̮̰Q̳῎Q῟̮Q̮ῢ̱̯ I Application of Operation and Landing Information on O#shore Purse Seine Fisheries in the Western Waters of Japan I ῍2 Department of Marine Biosciences, Faculty of Marine Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4ῌ5ῌ7 Kohnan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108ῌ8477, Japan ῐQ̳Ὼ̯Q´Ὼ̯Ὸ´̮Ὼ̯Q̮QQ´Ὸῑ ῍3 Yamani Fishery Co., Ltd., 168 Ichibuura, Ikituki, Kitamatsuura, Nagasaki 859ῌ5702, Japan ῐQῌ ̳῝QΌQῑ ῍4 Oil-spill Damaged Fishing Grounds Aid Foundation, 1ῌ18 Suda, Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101ῌ0041, Japan ῐQQῗQ QΊQΐΏ QQῑ ῍5 Nishinihon Fish Market Co., Ltd., 695 Shimomen, Tsukinokawa, Matsuura, Nagaski 859ῌ4536, Japan ῐQ῍Ῐ̳Q̲QΌQῑ ̯Q ῎̲̯ῪQ῎Q Q῎ ῥ̯Q῎ ´̲̰῎̯ῗQ 88 ̮ ΰ ῚQQQῧ̮QQΏ M QQ̮̮Q ̯ 1995ῐ2001 ̰ ̮Q῏Qΰ̯ῌ ῙῧQQ῍ ΐ`Q ̲ῦQQΊῡ̮`ῳ ̱QQQῴῢ῏Q̯QQῥῤ῍ QQ῎̮Q῏QῧQ̱ ̮̯̮ῥ̮῏Q 36 ̳Q̮῍ 1,584 ̳ῧ῏Q̱ ̯ῌ ῧ῏Q῎Q̲ῘQQ̲̯ῌ ῙῧQ̮ῨΏQ (135 G/ ̯ῧQῢ῍ ῏QQΰQ̲ῘQῦQ̰` ΐQ̲Ῐ̰῍ T) 1 Q῍ ῢQQ̮QQ (60 G/T) 2 Q῍ ̲ΎQ (290 G/T, ΐQ̲ῘQ῍ ΐ̲ΎQῺ QQ῍ ῏QQῚΰῦQQ̱ 310 G/T) 2 QῧQ 5 QῢQQΊῡ̮̯ῌ ῏QQῨ῍ ̱ Q̲Ῐ ῎QQῘQῡQQ῎̮Q῏Q̱ῧΐQQῙ ῷ῏̰̯ῨQQ̮̮QῢQQQ̯ῗῡῠΏ῞` ΐ̮Q῏ ̰̯ῌ ̯̯῍ QQῢ῏Qΰ̮Q῏QῧQ̳ῳ̲ΎQῦ Q ΰ῍ ῼQ῍ Qῗ῎QQῧQQῢ̲̲ῡQΏῢQ̳ QQ̯ 104 ̳ῧ῏QῨ῍ ῏QQ̱ῧQ̲ῘQ̮Ῡ῭ Ύ῞̮QῧQ̯ῖ΅Q῞QQ ῞QῡῠΏ῞` ῥ̮̯̰̳Q῏ῴ̮῭Q̮̯ῌ ΐQQῢ῏Q12) ῦ̱ῗ῭`ῌ ̯ῠ̮ῡ῍ ῏QQῧ ΐ`Q ῦQ̰`Q̳ῳ῎Qῧ ῏QQῨΏQῧΊQῚ ῑQῚῒ ̮῏QῚΰῦQ ̯ Q ̲̮ῡ῍ QQῧ῏QQ̱ῧΐQQ̮ 1 ῏QῧQ̳ Ὺῧῢ῍ 1,620 ̳ῧ῏Qῦ̯̮ῡ 1 ῏Qΰ̯΅ῧ ΐ῏Q ῧ 50% ´QQ̰`῏QῘQ̯ῌ ̲Ῥ῟ῦQΏQ ̰῍ ΐῠΏ̳QQQ῍ ΐῠΏ̳Q̲ῖ῍ ΐῢQ̲ῖ῍ ΐ῏ QῢῨQQ῎QQQῲῢQ̳ΐQQ῍̮̳΅῞`12)ῌ Q ῑQQ̰ῒ Q QQ῍ ΐQ̳ ῍ ΐ̲ΎQῺ῍ ΐQ̲Ῐ ̮ῥ̮῭῍ Q̰Ὸ̳̲ῧ̮QQΏQQῢῨ῍ ΐQQ ̰῍ ΐQ̲ῘQ῍ ΐ`Q ̮QQΊῡ̮`ῌ ΐ`Q ῧ ῝̰ῡ῏QῡῪ῍ ̰ῦQQ῏QῧQQῦῨ῍ Q ῟ῦΐ ̰̲Ῠ̰Ώῤῧ῏QQῧῶῺῸΏῦQ῞`̰QQQΰ῍ Q QQ´̳ῧQ̮Q῝`QQ̮̮`ῌ ῙῧῙΰQῡ῍ ̳ῳῧQΰ̱ῳ̱῎QῦQ῞`QQῢ̮̯̯ῌ ΐQQ̱ῦ 1 ῏Qΰ̯΅ῧQ̳ ῧQQῲ̯῍ QῚΰῧ῏ Q̲ῘQῨ῍ Q̮QQῢQ̲ῘQ῍ QQ̰̯Ί`Q Q΅Q ῑQ̲Ῐ̯ῒ Ὺΰῦ̯Ὺῧῢ῍ 1,191 ̳ῧQ Q̳Q῍ ῠΏ̳QQQῧQQ̱QQῲ̯Q̰ῡ῭Q ̯ῌ ̲Ῐῦ̯̮ῡ 1 Q̲Ῐΰ̯΅ῧ ΐQ̲Ῐ̰῍ ΐ̲ΎQῺ῍ ΐQ̲ῘQ῍ ΐQ̲Ῐ ῎QQ῍ ̱Q̮ ῍ Q̲ῘQ῾Q ̮ ῏ ῑQ̲ῘQQ̮῭Q̲ῘQ΅Q̲̮̯Qῒ῍ ΐQQ῎Qῒ ̱ῳ̱῎Q῍ ΐQQ῎Qῒ̱ῳ̱̱ῧQ̲Ῐ ῎QQ῍ ̮ ῗ̯ῡῐ῎῍῝῟ῘῢῙ῞῍̯̮ Fig. 1 ῦQ῎Q ̮QQΊῡ̮`ῌ ̯ ῠ ῗ̯ῡῐ῎῍῝῟ῘῢῙ῞῍̯̮̯̮ 1994ῐ2003 ̰ ῧQ̰Ὸ̳̲ῦ̮ῗ`̰Ὸ̲QΏQQQῧ῎Q ῑ´ Q῎Qῒ Qῑ̮ῗQQΏQ̮ῧQΰ῍ Ῑ῭ῌQ̮ῧQ ̲Ῐ ῎QQQ̲̮̯1, 3)ῌ ̰̯῍ Q̲Ῐ ῎QQῧ̱ ῦQQῦ̯̮ῡ῍ 1995ῐ2001 ̰ῧ M QQ̮ΰQ῎QQ ῑQ̮ῧ 1 Q̮ΰ̯΅ῧ̱QQ̲Ῐ ῎QQΰ῭Q῞` ̯̰῍ M QQ̮ῧQ̲ῘQ̮῭̰ΌῧῐQ̲Ῐ ῎QQ QQ̯ῌ 1994 ̰´Qῧ M QQ̮Ῠ῍ ̮῭Qῦ̮ῗῡῨῡῧΌ ῳῼ̱Q῍ Q῾ῧΊῩQῦQῡ̮̯̯̰῍ ῸQQῢῨ῍ M Fig. 1. Annual fluctuation of the number of purse seiner fleet belonging to Japan Purse Seiner’s Association (1994ῌ 2003). QQ̮̮Ῠῡ῎Q῾̳̲ῦQQ̯῟Q̰Ὸ̳̲ῧ̰ῢ῏Q ̯ 1995ῐ2001 ̰ῧ῏Q῎Q̲Ῐ῏ῴ̲̲̯ῌ Ῑ ῭῏ῴ̮῭QQ̱ῧῐQ̲Ῐ ῎QQῘQῡ M QQ̮ῧQ̳ΐQQ̰῝῍ Ῑ῭ΐQQ̱ῧQ̲Ῐ ῎QQῧ̰̱ῦῙ̰̯ῌ ̱̯ῡ῍ ῧQ̮ῧ῏Q̳Q῍ 1 ῏Qΰ̯΅ῧQ̳ ῧQ̰̱ ῍ ̮Ῥ̰Q̲ῘQῧQ̳ ῳ̲Ύ ῧQQῲ̯Q̰̯ῌ Ῐῢ῍Ὶΐ̯῍Ὶΐ̯ῖῌῒῑΊ̮̮ ῏QQῧ ΐῠΏ̳QQQ῍ ΐῢQ̲ῖ῍ ΐ`Q ῧQῧQQ̰̲̲ ̲ῡ῍ ῌ῏QQQῢ῏Qΰ̮Q῏Qῧ῏QQῦ̱ ̯ῌ ̱ ῶῷῨ῍ QQQ̯̯ ΐῢQ̲ῖ ῧQ̮Q QΊῡ̮`QQῨQQῢ῏Q῍ QQΊῡ̮ῥ̮QQ Fig. 2. Annual fluctuations of total catch landed weight and value of purse seiner fleets belonging to Japan Purse Seiner’s Association (1994ῌ2003). Q̲QQΏ̲̯̮̮ῦQQ̳Q̯Q̲QQ 89 Table 1 Table landed weight and value (1995ῌ2001) of M-maru purser fleet by species Species Mackerel Scomber japonicus Jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus Bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis Largehead hairtail Trichiurus lepturus Others Total Landed weight ton (%) Landed value ΐ107 yen (%) 23,838 ( 60) 285 ( 50) 7,500 ( 19) 146 ( 26) 1,119 ( 3) 48 ( 8) 717 ( 2) 24 ( 4) 6,614 ( 16) 69 ( 12) 39,788 (100) 572 (100) Fig. 3. Annual fluctuations of catch landed weight and value of a purse seiner fleet M-maru (1995ῌ2001; A) and the average of catch landed weight and value on purser fleets belonging to Japan Purse Seiner’s Association (1995ῌ 2003; B). QQ̯QQ̲QQQQQ̯QQQῨ̳ῙῚῌ 1994 Q̯̯ 41 ̰QῚῢ̯̮῍ 2003 Q̯̯QQ̯ 19 ̰Q̯ QῙῚῌ ̱Q῍ Fig. 2 ̯̳ῙῚ̱QQ QQQQ̯ ῾Q QῖQ῎̲ῸῨ ῦ῟῍ 1996 Q̯QQῖQQ 39 QῪ῍ Q̲Ὸ 428 ῴ̱ῨῬ῏̰̯ Q̲ Ῠ̳Ῑ῍ Q̯Q̮ ῾QQῖQ῎̲Ὸ´̯ QῙ῝̮ῦῌ Ῐῤ̯῍ 1 QQQῚῥ̯QQῖQ῎̲Ὸ̯QQQῨQ̯ ῦῚῡ 1995ῐ2001 Q̯ M ῺQQ῟ 1995ῐ2003 Q̯̱Q Q QQQQ̯ 1 QQQ̲Q ῑ῍ 1 QQQ̲ῒ Ῠ Fig. 3 ̯̳ῙῚῌ M ῺQQ̯QΌQQῖQ̯ 1996 Q̯ Q῞ Q 11.5 QῪ῟̯ῥ῍ 1997 Q̯̯Q 5.5 QῪ̯Q Ῑ῍ 2001 Qῠ῞ 4ῐ5 QῪQ῞QῳῙῚῌ QQῖ̲Ὸ̯ 1995ῐ1998 Q̯̯ 8ῐ10 ῴ̱῍ 1999 Q ̯ 6ῐ7 ῴ̱῞ QῳῙῚῌ ̱Q῍ 1 QQQ̲̯QQῖQ̯῍ M ῺQQ῟Q Q̯̲ Ῠ̳Ῑ῍ 1996 Q̯ Q῞Q 10.7 QῪ῟̯ῥ῍ Fig. 4. Annual fluctuations of catch landed weight and value of the most 3 species mackerel, jack mackerel and bluefin tuna, by M-maru purser fleet (1995ῌ2001). 1997 Q ̯ Q̲ ῞Ὶῌ 2001 Q̯̯ 6.5 QῪ ῟̯ῥ῍ QQ̯ 2000 Qΰῥ 1.2 QῪQῶῙῚῌ ῠῚ῍ QQῖQ῎̲ῸῨῼ̳Q̯ Table 1 ̳ῙῚῌ QQQῖQ῎ QQῖ̲Ὸ̯ 1996 Q̯Q 12 ῴ̱̮ῤ 2001 Q̯Q 8 ῴ̱ ̲Ὸ Q 40 QῪ ῎57.2 ῴ̱̯̮Ί῍ ῭̰Ύ̮ 23.8 QῪ ῠ῞̳ ̲ Ῠ̳Ῑ῝̮ῦῌ (60%)῎28.5 ῴ̱ (50%), ῭Ῡ̰̮ 7.5 QῪ (19%)῎ Fig. 3 ̯̳ῙῚ M ῺQQ̯QQῖ̲Ὸ῟Q̳̱̲Ὸ̮ 14.6 ῴ̱ (26%), ΰῗῧ ῑQQQ῍ ̰`῭̰` Thunnus ori- ῤ῾̳ῙῚQQῖ̲Q̯῍ QQῖ̲Ὸ̯ 11ῐ13% ῞ entalis ̯̳Qῼῒ ̮ 1.1 QῪ (3%)῎4.8 ῴ̱ (8%) ῞ Ὶῌ M ῺQQ̯ 1999 Q̯Q̲̯ ̳QQῸῨ 6,300 Q ῥ῍ Qῲ 3 ̳ῨQῡ῝̮ῦῗ῟̮ῧ̮ῦῌ Ῐῤ̯῍ Fig. 4 ̯ ̱῍ QΌQ 7 ῴ 5 QQ̱̯QQῖ̳̱̲ῸῨ ̳΅̰῟ Qῲ 3 ̳̯ 1995ῐ2001 Q̯̮̮ῦQQῖQ῎̲Ὸ̯QQ Ῑ῝QQῙ῝̮Ὶῗ῟̮ῤ῍ 1999ῐ2001 Q̯̯ ̳΅̰ Ῠ ῦ῟῍ 1996 Q ῍ ῭̰Ύ̯QQῖQ῎̲Ὸ̮ Q Ῠῷῦ̲̱QQ῟̯῝̮Ὶῌ Ῑ῍ M ῺQQ̯QQῖQ̯ Q (Fig. 3) ῟QQ̯̲ Ῠ̳ Ῑ῝̮Ὶῌ ̱Q῍ ΰῗῧ̯ 1999 Q ῍ QQῖQ῎̲Ὸ´ M ῍ῐῒῌῑ῎ΐ῏ 1995ῐ2001 Q̯ M ῺQQ̯ ῾ ̯Qῶ̲ ̯ῥ῍ 2001 Q̯̯῭̰Ύ῍ ῭Ῡ̰῟Q̯̲Ὸ Q Q῎QQ ῎Q ´῎̱QQ̳῎̱QQQ῎QQ̲Q 90 Table 2 Catch landed weight and value by species and operational methods of M-maru purser fleet (1995ῌ2001) Landed weight Landed value ton (%) ῒ106 yen (%) Operation Species Light attracting Mackerel Jack mackerel Others 17,662 ( 58) 7,037 ( 23) 5,755 ( 19) 2,040 ( 51) 1,319 ( 33) 644 ( 16) Total 30,455 (100) 4,033 (100) Fish finding Fig. 5. Annual frequency of light attracting and fish finding operation by M-maru purser fleet (1995ῌ2001). Mackerel Bluefin tune Largehead hairtail Others 4,220 799 509 699 ( 68) ( 13) ( 8) ( 11) Total 6,227 (100) 583 366 218 124 ( ( ( ( 45) 28) 17) 10) 1,291 (100) Fig. 7 ̯̯῍ ῲQQ̯Q ῘΊ 1 Q̲QΊῥ̯QQῖQ ̯QQQQῩ̳ῘΊῌ ῲQῩQ̮῍ QῲQῴQ 1,177 ῴ̯̮Q Q 200 ̰῭΅Q̯ 8 ῴQῘΊ̮῍ Q Q 0.5῏50 ̰῭̯ῲQῴQ̯ 960 ῴ (82%) ̯῝Ίῌ ῏ῐ̮̮ῌ῎῍ῒῑ Table 2 ̯ 1995῏2001 Q῍ 7 QῸ̯ M ΌQQ̯̳ΏQQ̲῍ QΏQ̲̯Q̲̲QQ῍ Q Q̳QQQῖQ̮ΰῠ̲ῷῩ̳ῘΊῌ ̳ΏQQ̲̯̯῍ Q Fig. 6. Annual fluctuation of catch landed weight and value per an operation by M-maru purser fleet (1995ῌ2001). QQῖQQ 3 Q̰῭̯̮Ύ̰Ὺ̮Q 1 Q 8 Q̰῭ (58%)῍ Ύ̰̰̮ 7 Q̰῭ (23%) ῩQῡ῍ QQQῖ̲ῷQ 40 ̱ῳ̯̮῍ Ύ̰Ὺ̮Q 20 ̱ῳ (51%)῍ Ύ̰̰̮ 13 ̱ ῳ (33%) ̯῝Ίῌ QΏQ̲̯QQQῖQ̯Q 6 Q̰῭ ̯῍ Ῑ̯̮Ύ̰Ὺ̮Q 4 Q̰῭ (68%)῍ ΰῗῨ ῐ̰ῬΎ ̰Ῥ̯̳QΏῑ ̮ 8 Q̰῭ (13%) ῩQῡ῍ QQQῖ̲ῷQ 13 ̱ῳ̯̮῍ Ύ̰Ὺ̮Q 6 ̱ῳ (45%)῍ ΰῗῨ̮Q 4 ̱ ῳ (28%) ̯῝Ίῌ ῗ̯ῗ̯̮ῤ῍ ̳ΏQQ̲̯̯῍ ̳̯ QQ̳Ύ̰Ὺ῍ Ύ̰̰̯Q῎̲ῷῼ̯ 80% ΅Q̯̯ῥ῍ Q ΏQ̲̯Q` 2 ̳Ύ̰Ὺ῍ ΰῗῨ̯QQΏQ̲̯QQῖQ ̯̮ 81%῍ ̲ῷ̯̯ 73% ῩQῡ῟ῦῗ̯̮ῶQ̯̮ Ίῌ Ῑῗ̯῍ ̳ΏQQ̲̯̯Ύ̰Ὺ̯Ύ̰̰῍ QΏQ̲̯ ̯Ύ̰Ὺ̯ΰῗῨ̯῞῟΅̱̯̱QῩQῡΊῌ Fig. 7. Frequency of carried load per an operation of M-maru purser fleet (1995ῌ2001). ̯̯῝Ίῌ ῎῍ῒῑ̮ῌ῏̮ΐ Fig. 8 ̯̳Ώ῎QΏQ̲Q῍ QQ̳Q̯ 1 Q̲QΊῥ̯QQῖQ̯QQQQQῩ̳Ῐ Ίῌ Q̳ΏQQ̲ 1,128 ῴ̯̮῍ Ύ̰Ὺ̯Q̮ 1/2 ΅Q Fig. 5 ̯̳ῘΊ M ΌQQ̯QQ̯Q̲ῴQ̯̯Q̮̯ ῩQῡΊΎ̰ῪῩῺQQ̯ῘΊQ̲̯ 516 ῴ῍ 1 Q̲Q QQ̯̯̮῍ 1999 Q̯ Q 206 ῴ̮ῤ 1995 Q̯ Q 257 Ίῥ̯Q̲QQῖQ̯Q 38 ̰῭῍ QQ̯Ύ̰̰ῩQQ̯ ῴ῍ Q̲ 231 ῴ̯QῘΊῌ ̳Ώ῎QΏQ̲̯ῴQ̯̯Q ῘΊQ̲̯ 433 ῴ῍ 1 Q̲QΊῥ̯Q̲QQῖQ̯Q 20 ̰ Q̯ῦῢ̯̯῍ ῗ̯ 7 QῸ̯̯̳ΏQQ̲̮ 60῏80%῍ ῭̯῝Ίῌ Q̲ 71% ῩQῡ῟Ίῌ Fig. 6 ̯̯ M ΌQQ̯ 1 Q̲Q 50 ̰῭QQ̯QQῖQ̯QQQ̯Ύ̰Ὺ῍ Ύ̰̰̯ Ίῥ̯QQῖQ῎̲ῷ̯QQQῩ̳ῘΊῌ 1 Q̲QΊῥ̯ ῙῧῚῧ 399 ῴ῍ 400 ῴ῍ 50 ̰῭΅Q̯QQ̯ 117 ῴ῍ 43 QQῖQ῎ ̲ῷ̯ῼ̯ 1996 Q΅ ῾Q̲ ̯ῥ῍ 1 Q ῴ̯ῥ῍ Ύ̰ῪῩQQ̯ῘΊQ̲̯ 77%῍ Ύ̰̰ῩQ ̲Q̯QQῖQ̯QQ̲̯ 13῏51 ̰῭῍ 7 QῸ̯Q̲Q Q̯ῘΊQ̲̯ 90% ̮QQῖQ 50 ̰῭QQ̯ῲQQQ ̯ 25 ̰῭̯῝Ίῌ QQ̯QQῖ̲ῷ̯QQ̲̯ 1 Q̲ Q̯῝Ίῌ QΊῥ 2.5῏4.3 QQῳ̯῍ 7 QῸ̯Q̲Q̯ 3.5 QQῳ̯ ῝Ίῌ QQΏQ̲ 433 ῴ̯̮῍ Ύ̰ῪQQ̯Q̲̯ 122 ῴ ̯῍ 1 Q̲QΊῥ̯Q̲QQῖQ̯Q 39 ̰῭῍ 50 ̰῭Q QQQ̲̲̯̮ῖ̰QQ̳Q̯Q̲QQ 91 Fig. 8. Comparison on frequency of landed weight per transport between light attracting and fish finding operation of M-maru purser fleet (1995ῌ2001). Q̯QQῗQ̯Q QQ̮ 93 ῶ῍ 50 ̱̱Q̮ 29 ῶ῟ ̮῍ ῧῘ̰QQ̯Q̲̯ΰ̯̰̯̯̮Ίῌ 8 ̯̲̲ ῑQ Ίῌ ῧῘ̰QQ̯Q̲̯ 159 ῶ῟῍ 1 Q̲QΊῩ̯Q Qῗ`Ύῒ ´Ώ̯̯̰ΊῥQ̲ῶQ̯Q̯̮῍ 9 ̮Ῠ ῾QQῗQ̯Q 5 ̱῟῍ QQῗQ 10 ̱QQ̯Q Q ̱Ῥῲ̯̳̲QQ̲̯ῶQ̮ ῠQ̮̳ῥΊῌ Q̳´̯̯ Q̮ 147 ῶ῟Ίῌ ῤΊ῍ Q̲Q̲̯̳̲QQ̲̯Qῢ ̱̰΅̰QQ̯ῙΊ̳̲QQ̲ῦ ̰̰῞Ίῌ 10ῐ12 ̰̯῍ Q̲̲Q̯Q̯̲ῸQ 0 ̯Q̲̯Ὼ ̮ ῌ ̯̯̱Ῥῲ̯̳̲QQ̲̯QQ̮ ̮῍ 1996ῐ1998 Q̯ 12 ̯̯῍ ̱Ῥῲ̯Q̲Q̲̯QQ̮ ῤΊῌ 2000 Q̯ ῏῎̮̮ῖῌῑῖ̮ῐ̮̮ ̲ῸQQ̳Q̯ 1995ῐ 2001 Q̯ QQ̲QQ̰ Fig. 9 ̯̳Ῑ῍ ̲´Q̯ M ῼQ 10 ̯̱Ῥῲ῍ ̱̰΅̯Q̲̮Q̯̮῍ ῧῘ̰̰QQ̯Ῑ ΊQ̲Q̲̮ ̰̰῞Ίῌ Q̯QQ̳̯Qῴ̰QῢΊῌ Fig. 9 ̯ῧ̰̯῍ ̱Ῥῲ̰Q Q̯Ὶ̰̳̲QQ̲̯ 1 ̮Ῠ 4, 5 ̯̯̰̯῝̰῞ῶ ῏῎̮̮ῖῌ̮ῗ῍ΐῒ ̳̲QQ̲̯̳QQ̳̱ Q̮Q̯̮̯Ῡ῍ ̱̰΅̯̳̲QQ̲̯ῶQ̮ 1 ̮ῨQ Ῥῲ̯̱̰΅̯῝῞῍ QQQῷ̳̳ ̯Q QQ̰ Ῑ̳ῥ῍ Q̮ῨQῡ̯̲Q̯Q ̯Q῞̱Ῥῲ̮Ῠ̱ Fig. 10 ̯̳ῙΊῌ ̱Ῥῲ̰QQ̯ῙΊ 1ῐ3 ̯Q̲῟̯ ̰΅̰QQ̯ῙΊQ̲̯̱̰Ῐ̯̮ΌQ῟̮̰ῌ ῤΊ῍ 6, Q 0 ̳̮ῨQ῎̯QQῶQ̮Q̮̯Ῡ 5ῐ6 ̳̯QQQ 7 ̯̯̰̯ῧῘ̰̰QQ̯ῙΊQ̲Q̲̮̳ῤ̰̮῍ Q̮ ῌ 4 ̯̯ῩQQ̳ ̮Q̮̯̰̯῝̰῞QQῷ 1996, 1998 Q̯ 6, 7 ̯̱̰΅̯̳̲QQ̲̯QQ̮ ̳̳ ̯ῳ῏Ὺῦ 4ῐ5 ̳̯῭̱ῙΊῌ 9ῐ11 ̯̮ῖ῞ QQ Q῎̱QQQ῎QQ ῎ΌQQQ῎ῶQQQ῎QQ̳Q 92 Fig. 9. Monthly frequency of light attracting and fish finding operations by main target species of M-maru purser fleet (1995ῌ 2001). ῠQQQQ̯Q̰̯Q̰Ί̰ῧ̯QQῼQQQQ̮̳̮ ̮ ̰ ̳̰̳Ί῍ 12 ̯ῠ 22ῐ7 Q̯QQ̮ῼQῗ̰῍ 4ῐ6 QQ̯QQQQ̮Q̮̯῞ῌ ῗῙΐ̮ῚῖῘ̮῏̮῎̮Ί῍ῌῒῑ῏̮ῐ Fig. `̰Ῥ̰QQ̯ῘQ ̯ῠ῍ 2 ̯ 4ῐ6 QQ̯QQ 1 ̯QῘῧ̯῍ QQQΏ̱̯Q̲Ῑ̰QQQQQ̯ ῼQQQ̮Q̮῞̮῍ 4ῐ7 Q̮ῨῺῡ̯̲Q̮Qῥ῍ QQ QQQQQῠ῍ 1994 Q̯ 41 QQ̮Ῠ 2003 Q̯ 19 QQQQ̮Qῤ̰̯῟̰̯῍ QQῼQ̯΅῏Ὺ̮ 2ῐ4 Q QQῡ̯ 10 Q̲̯Q̳Ῐῌ Fig. 2 ̮Ῠῠ῍ ῖ̯QQQ̯ Q̯̯῞ῌ ῤ῍ 8ῐ10 ῡ̯QQQQ̮Q̮̯̰̯῍ ̳Q̯Q῞̯῍ QQQ̮Q῎ ̲ῦ̳QῘ̯ΐ̰ῧ̯̳ 3ῐ6 QQ̯QQῼQQQ̯QQ̮Qῤ̰ῖ̯̮´Q̯̮ ̰ῌ ῌ Fig. 3B ̯ῧ̰̯ 1996ῐ2000 Q̯̮̮̯ῠ 1 QQQ Fig. 11 ̯ῠ῍ Q῾Q ̯QQQQ`Ύ῭῍ ῧῖ̰̯῟ Ῡ̯Q QQ̮Q῎ ̲ῦ̳Q ̳̯ῒ῞ῖ̯̮̰̮ ΐ̯ Q̯QQῼQQQ̯Q̳QQ̰QῘῌ `Ύ῭̰Q ̰ῌ M ̲QQῦQQQQQ̯QQQ ̯ῢΰQQ̯ Q̯ῘQ ̯ῠ῍ 11 ̯ 9ῐ15 Q̯Q̲Q῾Q ̯Q ̳̰QῘ῍ 1995ῐ2001 Q̯Q̲QQ̮Q῎ ̲ῠ̱Ὸ̮ Q̮Q̮῍ 12 ̯ῠQQ̯̮̮̰ῨῚQ῾Q ̮Q̰̰῍ Ῡ̯QῳῘ̯ΐ̰ (Fig. 3A)ῌ Q̯ 1999 QῲQῠQQ Q̯ 18ῐ7 QQ̯Q̲̯QQQQ̮Q̮῞ῌ ῧῖ̰̰Q ̰̰Ὸῤ̰̰QQ̮̯̯῞̯ΐῌ Ῑ̯̰῝῍ 1999 Q Q̯Ῑ̰Q῾Q ῠ῍ 6, 7 ̯ 6ῐ20 QQ̯QQῙ̰ῖ̯ ̯QQ̯ M ̲QQῠ Q ̯QQ̲Q̲̰ 6,300 Qῴ῍ ̮Q̮῍ Q̲Q ̮Q̯ῒ῞ῌ 10 ̯ῠ 21ῐ4 Q̯Q Q̲Q 7 ῷ 5 QQῴ̯QQ̮Q̱̰QQ̰̯Ῐ̯QQ ̲Q ῦQ̰̰ῌ Ῐ̯ΐῖ̯̮Ῠ῍ 1999ῐ2001 Q̯ῠQQ̰̰Ὸῤ ̰̰ ̱QQ̮Qΐῌ ῖ̰Ῠ̯Q ῦῒῩ῍ M ̲QQ Q̲QQῼ̲̯̮ῧQQQQ̯Q̲QQ 93 Fig. 10. Diurnal variation of purse seine casting time for mackerel and jack mackerel light attracting operation by month of M-maru purser fleet (1995ῌ2001). ̯ 2002 Q 3 ̯Q̲̰῾QῘῚῌ M ΏQQ̯QQῼῷQQQ΅̰Ῥ῍ ΅̰Ὺ῍ ῤῖ̰̯ Ῑ̯ ῍ 2001ῐ2003 Q̯̯῍ Fig. 3B ̯̳ῘῚῤ̯῍ ̱QQ QQ̯ 1 QQQῚῦ̯Q̲QQ̮Q ῎ ̲Ό̯ ΐ῝ 1995ῐ2001 Q̯QῺQQ̮Q῎̲Ό̯QQ̰ Fig. 2000 Q̯Q̯῍ ΰΰQ̱̲ ̰̳Ῐ῝ΐῧῌ ῖῨ̯῍ Q 4 ῞ ῧ῟῍ ΅̰Ῥ̯QQ̮Q̯ 1996 Q̯Q 1 QΎ̰ QQ̯ Q̯Q῍ ̳QQQ̯QQ̮Q̯Q̱̯ῤῧῢ̯ ῭῏̰῟Ῐ῝῍ 97 Q̯Q ῍ 99 Q ̯ 1 QΎ̯ Q ῟̯̳3) ῢῒῧ̮῍ ῖῨῥ̯QQ̯ ̳Q̯QῴῼQ̰ ῘῚῌ ̲Ό῞ῢ 96 Q̯Q 7 ̱̱̮ῥ 2001 Q̯Q 2 ̱̱῟ QQῘ῝ΐῧῚῡ5, 6)῍ ̯Qῲ̰ ̲ῡῧQQ̮ῒῩ ̯ῦ῍ Q̯Q̮̮ῳ´ῘῚῌ 1998 Q̯̯΅̰Ὺ̯QQ ῌ ̮Q̮Q ̯ 97, 99 Q̯Q 2 Q῍ 2 QΎ̯QῘ῍ ̲Όῢ Q 4 ̱̱῟̯Ί῝΅̰Ῥ̯ Q̰QΊῚ̮῍ 1999 Q ῑῐ̮῎̮῍ῌΐ̮῏̮῍ῒ̮ Fig. 3A ῞̯ M Ώ ̯ 1 QΎQ ῞QῲῘ῍ QQ̮̲Όῢ 2000 Q̯ 2 ̱̱ QQ̯QQ̮Q῎̲Ό̯ 1996 Q Q̲ ̰̳ῘῚ̮῍ ̰ΰΰQῠ̰ῧ̯῟̯ῠΊῚῌ 2000ῐ01 Q̯̯῍ QQ̮ Fig. 5 ̯QQQ̲ῶQ̯ 7 QῺ̰QῘ῝Q̮̯Q̱̯Q Q῞ 400 ΎQQ῍ ̲Ό῞Q 1 ̱̱̯ῤῖ̰̮ῼῷῗῨῚ ̮῍ QῺ 200 ῶQ ̯Q̲ῶQ῞ῒῦ῍ 1 Q̲QῚῦ̯Q ̮῍ M ΏQQ̯̳̳`̰̯̯Q̮̯̮ΊῚῌ Q̮Q῎̲Ό̮ QῘ῝ΐῚῖ῟̮῍ Fig. 6 ̯ῤΊ῝ῸQ QQ Ῑ῎ῳQQQ῎QQ ῎QQQ῎̱ῒ̮Q῎QQ Ὶ 94 Fig. 11. Diurnal variation of purse seine casting time for mackerel and bluefin tuna finding operation by month of M-maru purser fleet (1995ῌ2001). ̯̮̰ῌ ̰Q̮̰Q̰Q̮Ῑ῟ῌ Ί̯̰῝῍ 50 ῭῏῎̯̱ Fig. 7 ̮Ῠῠ῍ 1 ῷQῩ 50 ῭῏῎̯̱QῘ̯Q̳ QῷQ̮Qῗ̯̯῾ΊQ̰῎Ίῤ̯QῘ̯Q̰Q QQ̮ 960 ῷ̯̲ῡ῍ Q̱QῷQ ῐ1,177 ῷῑ ̯ΐ 82% ῗ̯῍ ῘῨ̯̱QQ̯̲Q῎Q̮ῖQ´̯̱Q̯QQ̮ ̰Qῤ῟ῗ̯̮̰̮̰ῌ ̲ QQ̯QQ̯Ῑ῟῍ ̲Ὼ ̮̮̰ῗ̯̮Ῠ῍ ̲ῺQ̯QQ῎QQQQ̯ῧ̰Qῴ̯̳ Ῐ̯Q´QQῩ̮QῚ῍ ̲̲´QῘ̯ 50% ̯QQΊ̰̲ Q̯QQ̯Q̳̰Q̰̯ῠ῍ ̲ῺQQQῘ 300 ῭̰ ῺῘῠ 2῏3% ̯Ώῗ̯̲ῗ̰Q̲Q̯ῧ῞῟Q̮ῖῘ̰ Ῥ̯Q̮ ̱QQ̯Q ̱ῦ῍ ῾Ί̯Q Q̯̯̯῾ΊQ ̮QQΊ̰̳Q̯ ῗ̯ῥΏQ̯̮̰ῌ Ῑ Q῎̲Q̯̳QῙ῍ ΐ̰ῠQQQ̯̯̱QQ̯Q̱Q ̰̯ῑQ 13) ̮Ῑ̯̮Ῠ῍ ̱QQ̯̱Qῼῖ̯ῠQῲQ̯̮QῥΐῩ῍ ̯̯̰ QQ̯̳QΊ̰Q̮̮ΐ̰ῌ ̱Q̳ῗῸQ̯Qῠΐ̰ῌ ῘῨ̯῍ QῐQ ̯ῠ῍ ̱Q Qῢ̯̲ῺQQQQ̯῍ QQQQ̯ῤQQ̯ΌQ̰̮ ῐῑ̮ῌ῏῎̮ΐῒ̮῍῏῎̮ Fig. 5 ̮Ῠ M ̲Q QῘ̯QQ̰῾ΊQ̯῎Ῑ῍ ̱QQ̯QQQ̮̯ῧ̰ Q̯ῠQ῾Q ῧῩῥQ῾QQ ̯QQ̮Q̮῞ῗ̯̮ ῾̯QQ̰ῌ̮14)ῌ M ̲QQῠῶQ῍ ̮ῧῡ`Ὺ΅̰Q ̰̮̰ῌ Fig. 8 ̯̲ῺQQQQ̯ 1 Q QῩQ̮ῖῘ̯ Q̯Ῑ 12 ̯Q ̯ῠ῍ 1,000 ῭ / ῐΐ 400 ῍̱ῑ Q̳QQ̰̳̰̯῍ `Ὺ΅ΰῠ`̰Ύ̰QQQQ̯Ῑ QQ QQQῧ̮ῚῲQ`ΰQῨ QQῼ ῨQQ QῨ῎Ῡ 1 QQ̯ 50 ̲ QQῨῷΐΊῨ 95 ̮̮`̰QQQ´̱Q̱̯̳Q ῨQQ̳Qῦῥ̱QQ ̰QQQῗ῍Ῑ῍ QQ Qΰ῭QῨQQῗQῳ̯ῌ ῞ ̯ῲQ̮ῗ̮ῲῌ QQQῧ̮̮̯ῷΐΊΊ῏QQῧQ̯ῲ ῖ῞῍ `̱̱Q`ῤ῞̯ QΰῩ῍ ̰ῤ̱ῥ 10 ̲ QῨ ΅̮ῦ´ῑῼῩ῍ M Q QῨQQῧQ̮̮̮ῨQQ̱Q̯ QQΰ̮ῠ̯ῌ QQΊ 0 Ῠ̰QQ῎ῗῨQQ Q`QQ ῗ῍ Ῡ̮ῨQQQQῖ̯ῲῤ῍ Qῲ῍ QQ῝ῳῲῳQΰ Qΰ῍̮ῤ῭QQ῝ῳ῍ QQ Qῧ̮ῚῲQΌQῖ Ῡῦ̮ῌ ῨQ̰ῧ`ῲQQῨQ῞῝ῗῶ̮ΰῘῲῌ ῨQQῨQQ ̰ῨQ̰QQῨQQ῭Q̮ΰ̮ῲῌ QQQῧ̮Ὶῲ´ῑῼ̮̮ῗῘῠῖῚῤῦ῍ ῝̮̰῍ ῎̳ῤQQQQQ῞QQ̮`̰QQQ̱̮̮̯ῲ̲Qῠ ῧ̯῝ῳ῍ Q̳Q ῧ῭ῡῦῗῲ Q῏ῷΐΊῳQῨ̮ ̮̮῏ῑῒ῝̮̮῟῎̮῞ῚῙῐ̯ΐ 1995ῒ2001 Q ̮QQῤ ῗQQῗῴΎῤ̱QQ῞ῢ̮ῲῌ Ῠ M Q QῨQQ῏Q`ΰQῨῨQQ Q̮`̰QQ Q QῨQQQ῏Q`ΰQῨQ̮̮ῳQῗΊQQΰῘ QῨ̰QQQ̱ Fig. 9 ῧQῲῤ῍ Qῧ`ῠῢQ`ΰῨ̰Q ῲῤ῍ QQ΅QQQ̳QῧQ̯ῲ QQῖῨQῧQ̮ΰ ̯QῧQQῩ̮ῲ῭ῨῨ῍ ̯Ῠ`̮ῦ QῨQQῗQῪ Ῐ`̮ῌ ̯QΰῩ῍ ̯ῨQ̲ῤ῞ῢ῍ QQῤQ`ΰῨQQ ῢῳῲῌ ̯ῦ̱̯῍ 1ῒ4 Q῍ 9ῒ12 QῩ῾ῷ̲̱Q`ῤ῞ ῷ̱ῺQῨQ̮̮QQ̱Q̰῍ QQῧQ῟ῢ M Q Q ̯ῨQQ Q῏QQ Q῍ 2 Qῖ 3, 4, 5 Qῧ̲ῑῗ̮ ῗῥῨ`̮ῧῷΐΊQ̱ Q῞ῢ̮̯ῖ̱Q̲ ῏ Q̯̯ 8 Qῒ̰ΰ Qῗ̳Ῑ῾̱ΌῨῨQQ Q῍ 6, 7 Qῧ̮ ῲῌ ῐ̯ῲ`̱̱Q`ῤ̯ῲQQ QῩῤQῨ Q̲ῼῑ ῗΰῘῢ̮̯`̮ΰ῍ QQQῨQQQ`ΰῨ̮ῐ῏ῨQ̱ Ῐ ῗ QῧQ῟ῢQ`ΰ̱Q̮ῦῗ Q̯ῲQQῗQQΰῘ ῲῌ QQQῨ´ῑῼ̰̮ῧ̮̯῍ QQQQQQQ̳Ῠ῭ ῳῧQQῨQQQῘ̯῏Ῠ̰QQQ̱̯῞̯ Fig. 10 QῚQ῝῍ QQQQ῝`Q̱QῘ̰῞̯ῌ ̰̯῍ Q ̱῎̱̯ῢῪῲῤ῍ ῾ῷ̲῍ ῾̱ΌῨῨQQ QῨQQQ Q̮̯῾̲Qῖ῍ Q̰Qῒ̱`QQQ̯ῲ̯ῬῨ῎Q Ῐ̯῏Ῡ῍ QῩ 5, 6 ̯QῨQQῗ῍Ῑ῍ QῧῩ 2ῒ4 ῦ̰Q̱̯̰῞̯ῌ ̱ῙQῡῨ ̱Q῞̰̯ῌ ̯Qῧῦῲῤῗ̱ῖῲῌ Ῠῤῖ῍ ῨQQῧῌῗQ ῚῲῤῨQQΰ῏Ῠ῞̯QQῗ ̮̯ῲ̯Ῥ῍ Q̰̯῏ῗ ̯ ̮ ῨQQ QῨQQQῘ̯῏ῨQQῧ̳Q̯ῲῤῗQQΰ Ῐῲῌ ̰̯῍ Q̯Q̱ῖῚῢQQῧ`ῲῨQ̱ῌ̮῍ ̯Ῠ ῨQ̱QῨῚQῤQῘῨQQ̱QQῬῢQQ̯ῲQQ Ῠ Q QῨQQ῭῍ Q̰QQQ ῧQQQῘ̯῏̱̲Q ̯ῲ QQῼῤQ῞ῗ̮ῲῌ Fig. 11 ῧQQ QῨQQQῘ̯῏Ῠ̰QQQQQ̱Q ῲῤ῍ ῾ῷ̲Ῡ 11ῒ1 QῨQῌ῍ `̱ΰῩ 6, 7 QῨQ QῧQQῗ῍̮ῌ QQῨQQ QῩQQῨ QῗQQQ` Qῧ῞Q῝ῳ΅̯̮̯῏Qΰ῭̮῍ ῐQῨ῍̮῾ῷ̲ ΅`̱ῩQQQῨQQῖQQῌQ̱̯῞̯῍ QQQ QῖῧῙ ῧ̮̮ῢ῭QΌQQQῖQ̰̯ῲQQῼῗ ῍̮ῌ QQ ῨΏ̲ῑΰῨQQ῏Q̰QQῗQ̳῝ῳῲ ῤ῭̮ῲῌ Ῠ̯Ῥ῍ 1 QQ̯ῨQQΊῗQῬ῞̯ ῍ QQΊ 0 ῨQQῗQ̲῞΅̯̮̱Qῤῦῲῌ QῸῨQ ̯QῖῨQῘῢῧ`ῲῤ῍ `̱ῨQQ QΰῩ῍ ̳ ῨQQῳQ̱ῢῦῗ`̱ῨQῐQ῟̱ῶQ῞ῢQ ̯Q̮῍ ̱QῧQ῟ῢ̯ῨῤQΰ῾̱Ό̰̯Ῡ῾ῷ̲̱Q QQ`ῤ῞̯ῨQQ Q̱̳Ὶῲῤῗ̳̮ῌ ῨῙῩ Fig. 10῍ 11 ῖ῭ῶ̮ΰῘῲῌ ̰̯῍ ῾̱Ό῍ ῾ῷ̲Ῠ ῨQ̱QῨQQῖ`̱Ῠ̮ῐ̱̮QΰῘῲῤ῭̮ῲ ῤ̮̮ῌ ῝̮ῌ̯῍Ί̯ῐῠ̯῎ῖ̮ῐ̯ ̲QQQ ῧ̮ ῚῲQQQ QQQῨQ`̯Q̱QῖQῧ̮̮῞ῦῗQ ̳Q ̱ῲῧῩ῍ QῸῨQῬ῞̯ΐQ῍ Q QῨQ` ΰQῨ QQῼ̱Q ῞ῢQQQῤ῞ῢῨ ῗQῦQ̮ 1) QQQ̯῍ QQ̱̳̯῍ Q῍̮Q῍ QQῗ῍ Q ῐ ῖQῚQQῌ῭̳QῚῨῢ Ὺῌ῎ Qῷῖῴ Ό̲ ̱ ῶ῍ 1, 61῍68 (2004)῎ 2) QQ ̯ῐ QQ῏QQῧ̮Ὶῲ̰ῘQQQῨ̳̳̱Q̳ ̯῏̮QῧQῑQ̱̮̲ Q QQQQQ ῎̮῎ ῷ ῖῺQ῍ 1῍ 71῍73 (2003). 3) Q̰Ὺῐ ̲QQ̰ῘQQQῨQ̱ῤΎ̮QQ῎ Qῷῖ ῴ Ό̲̱ ῶ῍ 10, 66῍70 (2003). 4) QQQῗῐ QQ῏QQῧ̮Ὶῲ TAC ΏQῨ̳̮ῧῡ̮ῢ῎ QQQ῍ 33῍ 52῍55 (2001). 5) QQQQῐ Qῑῧ̮Ὶῲ̱QQQ̰ῨQ´ῤQQQ̮ῌ QῸ̲Q῏QQ̱Q̱ῤ῞ῢῌ῎ Q̮QQῷῖQQQQQ ῐ῍ 85῍ 57῍66 (2004). 6) QQQQ῍ ̲QQ̮῍ QQ Qῐ QῑQQQQῧ̮Ὶῲ ̱QQQ̰ῨQ´ῤQQQ̮῎ Q̮QQῷῖQQQQQ ῐ῍ 85, 67῍80 (2004)῎ 7) Inada, H., Sekine, J., Kim, H., Nemoto, M., Takeuchi, S., Kagoshi, M., Anzai, Y. and Yabuki, K.: The influence of environmental conditions on fish catches during purse seining operations for skipjack Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares in the western tropical pacific fishing Grounds, Journal of Tokyo University of Fisheries, 83, 129῍ 138 (1997). 8) ̮QῦQῐ QQQῨ QQQQQΊῧQ̯ῲQQ ΐQῧQ ῥ ̲ Q ῧ ̮ Ὶ ῲ Q Q Q ῧ ῡ ̮ ῢ῎ Q ῷ ῟῍ 27, 1῍5 (1961). 9) Kawamura, G.: Field observation on the movement of fish aggregated to attracting lamps, Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 40, 27῍37 (1974). 96 QQ ῥ῏ῲQῌQ῏ῑQ ῏̱QQQ῏̱̯Q῏QQ̳̰ 10) QQQῧῐ ̰Ύ ῎ QQQQ (4)῍ QQῗQQῺ῍ Q ῍ 1953, pp. 39̮146῎ 11) QQ̯ῧ῍ QῦQQῐ ΰ̮ῠ̯ ̯῟̯῎ QῗQ Q̲ῶQ῍ 47, 1295̮1298 (1981). 12) ῲQῌQῐ ῡ̮Ὶ̯Q Q̯̮ῖῥ ´̮Q̮῎ ̳̲ Ό̯῍ 31, 86̮90 (1999). 13) Ί῍ Qῐ ̯ῠῩ̯QQ῎ QQQQQ῍ Q ῍ 1994, pp. 74̮76῎ 14) QQῡ̮Ὶ ῶῐ ̮Q 13 QQ QQΏ῎Q ῡ ̮Ὶ ῖ̯Qῠ̱̰̰̰῭̯Ώ῎ ̮QQ῎ 2002, p῎ 78῎ ̯ῦ̰̮̮ῑ̯Ῐ̯̰̮ῗῐ῎῏ῒ̯῟῞̰ῑ̯ῗῥ̯ ΰῚ ̰̮2ῌ̮ῡῨ̮2ῌῩΊ ῖ̮3ῌ̮ῤῢ῝̮4ῌ̮̰̰ῧ̮5ῌῡῠῙῪ̮5 ῌ̮2 Q Ό̯Q̲Ό̯ῴ̲̮Ό̯Q̮QQ̲ῴῑ ῎ ΐ ῐ̮3 QQ ῟QῶQ ῐ 4 ῐ̮ QQῖQ Q῞Qῐῼ Q̲̳ ῏ 5 ῍̮ QQῗ Q̲QῶQ ῒ QQQ̯QQ̮Q̮QQῗΌ̯QQ̳QῚ ̯̮ῖῥ̳̱Qῠ̱̯Q QῢῧQQΊῥῢ῍ 1995 ῑ2001 Q̯Q̳QῚ M ̲QQ ῒQQQQ῍ ῚQ 135 G/Tΐ ̯Q 1,620 ῷ῏Q̯ῗ 1,191 ῷ̯῾Ῠῧΰ̯ ̯῍ ´QQQ̯̱ῚQ QQῧ̮QῙῌ ´ῤQ̮̮Q῞̯ῥ 7 Q̲̯Q 1,561 ῷ̯̮῝῍ Q QQ ̯ 1,128 ῷ῍ Q Q ̯ 433 ῷ̯῍ 1 Q Qῤ̯QQ ´ῤ̯Ῥ̰Ύ̯Q Q ̯῝ 280 Ὺ`̯ ῞ῌ Ῑ̮Ῑ῍ 1 Q Qῤ̯ ´ῤ̯QQΐQ̯ 50 Ὺ`ῙῘ̯QQ̮Q̮῍ Q QQ ̯̯Ῥ̰Ύῧ QQ̯Ῑ 399 ῷ῍ ῬῨ̰ῧQQ̯Ῑ 400 ῷ῍ Q Q ̯ΰῬ̰ΎQQ̯ 93 ῷ῍ Ῡ΅Ῥ̰΅ῧQQ̯Ῑ 159 ῷ̯Q ̯ 50 Ὺ`ῙῘ̯ ´ῤ̯῞ῌ ῡ῍ 1 Q Qῤ̯̮̳ ´ῤ̯Q QQ 28 Ὺ`῍ Q Q 15 Ὺ`̯῍ Q̯̳̯ 300 G/T ̯ῳ῏Q̯῟̯̯ῳQQῡῸQ̯ῒ̯Q̮QQῘῦῌ ΐ῍῍ῐ QῚ῍ Q QQ ῍ Q Q ῍ ´QQQ῍ Q QQ
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