Capturing!gendered!career!paths!! of!ERC!grantees!and!applicants:! Promo8ng!sustainable!excellence!in!research!careers! ! ! Claartje!Vinkenburg!(PI)!,!VU,[email protected]!! Channah!Herschberg,!RU! Sara!Connolly,!UEA!! Stefan!Fuchs,!IAB! ! ERCAREER!Funded!by:!ERCLSupportL2012L1!(317442)! ! Gender!Summit!2014! ! ! ERCAREER!–!background! • Context:!!! – “Scien8fic!excellence!is!the!sole!criterion!on!the!basis!of!which!European! Research!Council!(ERC)!fron8er!research!grants!are!awarded.!The!ERC's!peer! review!evalua8on!process!has!been!carefully!designed!to!iden8fy!scien8fic! excellence!irrespec8ve!of!the!gender,!age,!na8onality!or!ins8tu8on!of!the! Principal!Inves8gator!and!other!poten8al!biases…”! • Sustainable!excellence?! – Persistent!gender!inequali8es!in!funding!success;! – Career!systems!put!in!place!in!most!scien8fic!ins8tu8ons!to!promote!excellence! may!no!longer!guarantee!op8mal!outcomes!under!changing!demographic! condi8ons!(Vinkenburg!et!al.,!2014);!! • Allowing!unconven8onal!careers!is!one!of!the!ways!in!which!the! ERC!deals!with!these!issues:! – “…!and!to!take!career!breaks!as!well!as!unconven8onal!research!career!paths! into!account.”!(Guide!for!applicants,!ERC).!! 2! ERCAREER!context!! (from!Gender!sta8s8cs!10/2013)! 3! ERCAREER!project!descrip8on!! • • • • ERCL2012LCSA:!Call!"Gender!aspects!in!career!structures!and!paths“! ERCAREER:!“Capturing!career!paths!of!ERC!grantees!and!applicants”!(Vinkenburg!PI)! Started!November!1,!2012,!end!date!(amended)!January!31,!2014! Objec8ves:! – Mapping!the!road!to!excellence:!(unL)!conven8onal!careers! – Char8ng!the!ins8tu8onal!role!in!shaping!research!careers!for!those!with!care! responsibili8es! • Mul8method!mul8source!study,!2012L2013:! – Exis8ng!archival!data!on!careers!(CVs),!survey!data,!interviews! – Sequence!analysis,!namely!Op8mal!Matching!Analysis!(OMA)!of!career!histories!! • Desirable!impact:! – Crea8ng!recommenda8ons!for!the!development!and!improvement!of!evidenceLbased! policies,!procedures,!and!prac8ces!to!achieve!greater!gender!balance!among!ERC! applicants!and!grantees ! 4! Mapping!the!road(s)!to!excellence! 5! Data!collec8on:!mul8method!mul8source! Three!unique!data!collec8on!efforts:! • Exis8ng!CV!/!career!history!data!from!ERCEA!data!base!(n!=!427)! – CVs!are!interes8ng!but!incomplete!and!inconsistent! • Collec8ng!new!data!via!online!survey:!career!inventory!!(n!=!1085)! – Op8mal!Matching!Analysis:!innova8ve!approach!to!capturing!regulari8es!in!careers! • Collec8ng!new!data!via!interviews!(from!selected!CVs,!n!=!27)! – Interes8ng!rather!than!representa8ve!stories,!life!sciences!only! • Sample!limita8on:!(aLpriori)!consent!for!use!of!data! ! Road!map!for!presenta8on!of!findings!today:!Three!themes! • Career!pajerns!(focus!on!Star8ng!Grant!popula8on)! • Dual!careers! • Care!responsibili8es,!flexibility,!and!compensa8on!for!8me!to!care! 6! Capturing!career!pajerns:!method! • Respondents:!! – Star8ng!Grant!(StG)!‘12!applicants:!339!out!of!1588!(21,35%);! – Advanced!Grant!(AdG)!‘08L’12!applicants:!746!out!of!4.088!(18,25%)!! • Online!career!inventory!to!measure:!! – Posi8ons!held!aqer!PhD!or!state!if!not!working!(e.g.,!unemployed,!leave)! – Ins8tu8ons!(e.g.,!university,!research!ins8tute)!! • Relevant!measures!for!this!presenta8on:! – Sequences!(all!posi8on!x!ins8tu8ons!/!months),!applica8on!success,!gender!! • Op8mal!Matching!Analysis!(OMA)! – Method!to!calculate!distances!between!individual!sequences! – Here:!mul8channel!sequence!analysis!of!posi8on!and!ins8tu8on!sequences! – Grouping!of!similar!sequences!via!cluster!analysis! 7! Career!pajerns!as!dances! • • • OMA:!descrip8ve!method!to!capture!the!rhythms!of!careers!or!life!courses! Each!pajern!reflects!recognizable!combina8ons!of!posi8onal!and!ins8tu8onal! sequences,!different!progression!logics,!and!movements! Within!each!pajern:!dis8nct!representa8ons!of!grantees,!domains,!men!and!women! Waltz OMA:!career!pajerns!and!logic! StG" Tango" Foxtrot" !" complicated! moves!in! various! seungs" steady! progress!in! nonLuniversity! research! ins8tu8ons" !" 1" 2" AdG" Tango" Foxtrot" Viennese! Waltz" repeat! early!advances! steady! performances! in!universi8es" progress!in! in!universi8es" universi8es" Jive" !" complicated! moves!in! various! seungs" steady! steady! progress!in! progress!in! nonLuniversity! government! research! research! ins8tutes" ins8tutes" !" 5" 3" 4" Slow!Waltz" Quick!Step" 3" 4" 5" Viennese! Waltz" Waltz" steady! steady! progress!in! progress!in! universi8es! universi8es! (not!saturated)!(saturated)! " " 1" 2" 9! Overview!pajerns!StG!2012! Posi+ons! Ins+tu+ons! 10! !!!!!Pajerns!3!4!and!5!for!StG!2012!(by!posi8ons)! Slow!Waltz ! ! Viennese!Waltz ! ! !! !Quick!Step! 11! Pajerns!1!and!2!for!StG!2012!(by!ins8tu8ons)! Tango ! ! ! ! !Foxtrot! 12! StG!OMA!descrip8ves! StG!OMA!Pa2erns!5! descrip+ves n % mean!length!of! sequences!(months) 1 Tango complicated!moves various!seungs 76 23,6 2 3 Foxtrot Slow!Waltz steady!progress repeat!performances research!ins8tutes universi8es 49 72 15,2 22,4 4 Quick!Step early!advances universi8es 42 13,0 5 Viennese!Waltz steady!progress universi8es 83 25,8 Total 322 100,0 65 95 89 131 101 93 characteris+cs!(%) domain LS PE SH 30,3 44,7 25,0 55,1 38,8 6,1 43,1 37,5 19,4 28,6 45,2 26,2 33,7 44,6 21,7 37,6 42,2 20,2 grant 13,2 24,5 18,1 23,8 15,7 18,0 women 44,7 51,0 36,1 26,2 37,4 39,4 13! Partners!and!dual!careers! All!StG!2012! Men! Women! NonLGrantees! Grantees! Partner!(%)! n=339! 87%! 90%! 84%! 86%! 93%! Also!working!in!science?! n=295! 46%! 43%! 51%! 44%! 55%! All!AdG! Men! Women! NonLGrantees! Grantees! 90%! 91%! 84%! 89%! 93%! 51%! 48%! 65%! 52%! 50%! Partner!(%)! n=745! Also!working!in!science?! n=502! • • • • Dual!earners!are!the!norm,!albeit!different!varia8ons!and!degrees!of!importance!! Dual!careers!of!scien8st!+!scien8st!(very)!prominent,!with!various!pros!and!cons! Evidence!of!various!solu8ons!in!combining!dual!careers!and!care!(50/50,!shiqs,!etc)! Evidence!of!various!career!priority!pajerns!(compe8ng,!synchronized,!independent)! 14! Leaves,!career!breaks,!and!partL8me! Any!leave! n=339! Parental!leave! n=339! Current!contract!partL8me! n=309! Any!leave! n=745! Parental!leave! n=745! Ever!worked!partL8me!(%)! n=745! All!StG!2012! Men! Women! NonLGrantees! Grantees! 34%! 25%! 47%! 35%! 29%! 22%! 11%! 40%! 22%! 22%! 6.1%! 3.7%! 10%! 7.5%! 0%! All!AdG! Men! Women! NonLGrantees! Grantees! 46%! 41%! 70%! 46%! 48%! 45%! 40%! 69%! 45%! 48%! 12.8%! 11.2%! 19.2%! 13.5%! 10.0%! • Various!forms!of!(informal,!formal,!statutory)!leave!taken,!but!not!always!fullL8me;! • Considerable!%!of!both!men!and!women!has!worked!partL8me!at!some!point!;! • ERC!reviewers:!“this!applicant!is!not!really!a!starter”,!despite!mee8ng!requirements! 15! Conven8ons!versus!reality?!! – Stereotype:!ideal!scien8st!“…!gives!total!priority!to!work!and!has!no! outside!interests!and!responsibili8es”!(Bailyn,!2003)! – Reality:!breadwinners!replaced!by!dual!earners!with!care!responsibili8es! • hjp://youtu.be/7oi6CCL9pGQ?t=10s!video!by!Bright!Horizons! – Fiung!the!mold!of!the!ideal!scien8st!is!only!possible!with!extended!family! and!ins8tu8onal!support! – “Everything!was!fine!un8l…”!a!family!member!becomes!seriously!ill!and/or! the!support!system!breaks!down! – No!single!typical!career!found,!and!excellence!is!found!across!all!pajerns!! – But:!‘conven8onal’!careers!seems!to!be!most!rewarded!(steady!progress! and!early!advances)! – Sustainable!excellence?!The!allowance!for!unconven8onal!careers!should! be!made!more!inclusive! 16! Recommenda8ons!! To!the!ERC!and!other!RFOs:! • Op8mize!and!standardize!the!career!informa8on!sec8on!in!applica8on!form;!! • Improve!the!allowance!of!and!communica8on!about!unconven8onal!careers;!! • Choose!between!different!op8ons!for!removing!the!“spillover”!effect!from! career!/!exemp8on!judgment!to!excellence!judgment;!! • Make!career!criteria!and!evalua8on!procedures!explicit;! • Op8mize!exemp8on!and!extension!calcula8on!and!decision!making!process;! • Present!the!use!of!allowance!as!opt!out!rather!than!opt!in;!! • Op8mize!reviewing!process!(e.g.!adopt!a!dual!career!lens);!! • Promote!excellence!only:!“we!truly!do!not!care!how!/!when!you!get!there”.!! ! In!maintaining!a!dialogue!with!host!ins8tu8ons!(RPOs)!on!employer!excellence:!!! • Promote!dual!career!policies,!! • Help!adopt!compensa8on!policies!for!)me!to!care!for!applicants!and!grantees,!! • S8mulate!accredita8on!such!as!the!Athene!Swan!system.!! 17! Thank!you!for!your!ajen8on!! [email protected]! 18!
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