Developing Common ASEAN Food Consumption Data for Dietary Exposure Assessments Keng Ngee Teoh Senior Manager, Scientific Programs TM TM Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Hazard Characterization Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization TM Dietary Exposure Assessment – Food Consumption Data • Food consumption data is an essential element to conduct dietary exposure assessments: Dietary Exposure = Food Consumption Data x Level of Hazard TM http://www.ilsi-guidea.org 5 Exposure Assessment in ASEAN • In ASEAN, some countries regularly perform dietary exposure assessments to guide standards setting (e.g. food additives, contaminants, etc.) • For chemicals, exposure estimates are compared with health reference values (ADIs, TDIs) set by JECFA to determine if consumption is within safe levels Risk Characterization = EDI / ADI TM If EDI > ADI = not acceptable (action taken) If EDI < ADI = acceptable (no action taken) Reference: FAO/WHO, 2009. EHC 240 – Chapter 6 Dietary Exposure Assessment of Chemicals in Food TM Background – ASEAN Project on Food Consumption Data • Recognition among food safety authorities in ASEAN of the need to have reliable food consumption data to perform accurate exposure assessments • However, existing food consumption data in ASEAN mostly collected for nutrition purposes and not available to risk assessors to do exposure assessments… TM Background – ASEAN Project on Food Consumption Data • ASEAN Expert Group on Food Safety (AEGFS) Project on ‘Strengthening ASEAN Risk Assessment Capacities: Food Consumption Data’ proposed in 2010 • Technical assistance requested to FAO and ILSI • ILSI provided support to the Project through the Platform for International Partnerships (PIP) (at the time, known as the International Organizations Committee or IOC) • FAO, WHO and local Malaysian consultants provided technical assistance for Phase 1 of the project (2010-2011) TM Project Phase 1 • Survey was conducted among food safety and nutrition agencies within ASEAN to find out: - Which countries have national food consumption data? - At what levels are they collected? (individual vs household) - For which population age groups? (children, adults, etc.) - What is the primary method used for data collection? (FFQ vs 24-hr recall) TM National Food Consumption Data Individual FCD Household FCD No FCD TM National Food Consumption Data Adults & Children Adults only TM National Food Consumption Data 24-hr recall Semi-quantitative FFQ TM Project Phase 1 • ILSI Southeast Asia Region, FAO and Food Safety & Quality Division, Ministry of Health, Malaysia (Project lead country) jointly organized 1st Workshop on ‘ASEAN Food Consumption Data and Exposure Assessment’ October 10-13, 2011, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia • Objectives: - Discuss availability of food consumption data in ASEAN - Discuss food consumption survey methods - Identify steps to enable existing food consumption data to be used for dietary exposure assessment purposes among ASEAN countries TM 1st Workshop Outcomes • Work completed and agreements gained at the 1st Workshop: - ASEAN countries agreed to share food consumption data to be used for dietary exposure assessment purposes - ASEAN countries agreed to compile existing food consumption data will be compiled into a common ASEAN Food Consumption Database - A draft list of harmonized food categories was developed as the basis for a common template to compile the national food consumption data - List of food categories to be further discussed via electronic working group - ASEAN countries would consider future work to harmonize food consumption data collection and reporting within their countries TM Project Phase 2 • Electronic working group was set up to discuss food categories following the 1st Workshop (led by Malaysia) • However, it was felt that a 2nd workshop was need to finalize the list of food categories and other aspects (e.g. age groups, reported percentiles, etc.) • Also needed to do to discuss challenges involved in transferring national consumption data into a harmonized template TM Project Phase 2 • ILSI Southeast Asia Region, FAO and Food Safety & Quality Division, Ministry of Health, Malaysia (Project lead country) again jointly organized 2nd Workshop on ‘ASEAN Food Consumption Data and Exposure Assessment’ November 19-21, 2013, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia • Objectives: - Discuss finalization of common food categories for the ASEAN Food Consumption Database - Discuss challenges in transferring national data into the common template TM 2nd Workshop Outcomes • Work done and technical decisions made at the 2nd Workshop: - Food categories for the ASEAN Food Consumption Database would be harmonized at: Level 1 – Food Categories Level 2 – Food Sub-categories List of food items included at Level 2 would be reported in the template, to facilitate future discussions on harmonization at Level 3 (Food Items) - To report full set of statistics for all subjects & for eaters only: Mean + SD; 1st, 2.5th, 5th, 10th, Median, 90th, 95th, 97.5th 99th percentiles - To include following age groups: Group 1 – 6 months to 3 years Group 2 – 3 year to 6 years Group 3 – General population (6 years onwards) TM 2nd Workshop Outcomes - Food categories would also be harmonized with format used by FAO/WHO to collect individual national food consumption data that would be used for international risk assessment activities by JECFA & JMPR TM Harmonized Food Categories for ASEAN FCD NO. CATEGORY NO. CATEGORY 1 CEREAL & PRODUCTS (4 sub-cat) 11 SUGAR, SYRUP & CONFECTIONARY (3 sub-cat) 2 PULSES, NUTS, SEEDS & PRODUCTS (4 sub-cat) 12 CONDIMENTS, SPICES & SAUCES (4 sub-cat) 3 STARCHY ROOTS, TUBERS & PRODUCTS (2 sub-cat) 13 BEVERAGES: ALCOHOLIC (3 sub-cat) 4 FRUITS & PRODUCTS (9 sub-cat) 14 BEVERAGES: NON-ALCOHOLIC (8 sub-cat) 5 VEGETABLES & PRODUCTS (13 sub-cat) 15 SNACKS NOT ELSEWHERE SPECIFIED 6 MEAT & PRODUCTS (7 sub-cat) 16 SWEETENERS & SUGAR SUBSTITUTES 7 FISH, SEAFOOD & PRODUCTS (6 sub-cat) 17 FOODS FOR INFANTS & BABY FOODS 8 EGG & PRODUCTS (2 sub-cat) 18 SPECIAL PURPOSE / FUNCTIONAL FOODS MILK & PRODUCTS (3 sub-cat) 19 FOOD SUPPLEMENTS & NATURAL EXTRACTS FATS & OILS (3 sub-cat) 20 COMPOSITE FOODS 9 10 TM Template for ASEAN Food Consumption Database TM Potential Uses & Benefits of the ASEAN FCD • Could be used to conduct dietary exposure assessment at both the national level and regional level • Countries that do not have specific data (e.g. no FCD for children or no data for certain foods) can use data of other countries to calculate exposure estimates (using appropriate assumptions) • Countries that do not have any national FCD could use data of other countries in the ASEAN FCD to calculate exposure estimates (‘surrogate data’ especially if dietary patterns considered similar, i.e. Lao & Thai) • Could also be used to calculate what are ‘ASEAN exposure estimates’ to a particular hazard TM Potential Uses & Benefits of the ASEAN FCD • Also relevant to the work of ASEAN WGs such as PFPWG in relation to harmonization of food safety standards, as described in the PFPWG’s “Decision Tree to Harmonizing Divergence on Food Safety Standards” Decision by TF on Harmonization of Standards for Prepared Foodstuff on whether a risk assessment (exposure assessment) is needed on specific FSS at National or ASEAN level Risk assessment (exposure assessment) carried out at National level by AMS in relation to FSS Risk assessment (exposure assessment) carried out at ASEAN level in relation to FSS Decision by TF on Harmonization of Standards for Prepared Foodstuff on harmonization of FSS based on risk assessment outcomes ASEAN FSS harmonized among AMSs TM ASEAN Standard adopted by AMSs and could also be proposed to be Codex Standard No consensus on FSS (discontinue work or continue research to re-consider the decision) Next Steps for the Project • ASEAN countries will begin to enter their national FCD into the common template • Malaysia will continue to lead the project and help to coordinate the data collection for the ASEAN Food Consumption Database • Electronic working group will continue to be used to discuss potential challenges and issues in transferring the national data into the common template • Once the work is completed, the ASEAN Food Consumption Database will be developed and maintained by the ASEAN Risk Assessment Centre (ARAC) of the AEGFS TM Future Issues for Discussion on ASEAN FCD • Could food consumption survey methodologies be harmonized within ASEAN? (similar activities currently being carried out in EU, i.e. MENU Project) • Could reported national data on composite foods in the ASEAN FCD be further disaggregated into food components so that accuracy of exposure estimates can be improved? TM Scientific Cooperation • Full participation by all 10 ASEAN Member States in the project • Also highlights the role of ILSI in serving as a platform to facilitate scientific and technical cooperation among different stakeholders TM Thank you www.ilsi.org/SEA_Region TM
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