Web maps in practice - ISO/TC 211

Web Maps in Practice
2014-11-26T14:40-15:10
ISO/TC211 Standards in Action
Workshop, Shenzhen, China
Hidenori FUJIMURA 藤村英范
Director, Information Access Division, Geospatial Information Department, Geospatial
Information Authority of Japan 国土地理院地理空间情报部情报普及课长
1
Representative of Japan / UN-GGIM-AP / ISCGM
Ministry of Information
Land, Infrastructure,
Transport
Geospatial
Authority
of Japanand Tourism
2
Hello
• My name: Hidenori FUJIMURA 藤村英范
– HoD of JPN since Busan
– Participating PT 19160, EC 19160-1, WG9,
EC 19107, WG7 (my background: IT)
– Director, Information Access Division, GSI
• GSI: Geospatial Information Authority of Japan
(Japanese national geospatial information
authority)
– 3rd visit to China
1.ISPRS 2008 Beijing
2.日本青年领导访华团
3.ISO/TC 211 Shenzhen
Reporting from operation side
• Operating Internet service of an NGIA
1. Download service of GML data (“FGD”).
•
FGD: Fundamental Geospatial Data
2. Web maps called “GSI Maps”
3. “Geospatial Information Clearinghouse”
•
http://ckan.gsi.go.jp/ , obviously running CKAN
I’ll talk about these services in this presentation.
But before jump into the details, I would like to clarify…
<Points of my presentation>
Several IS are adopted: 19136 and (old) 19115.
Several technologies, where no existing IS/TS/TR
covers in its scope, may need standardization.
3
4
基盘地图情报
GML DATA PROVISION
Fundamental Geospatial Data (FGD)
5
GSI provides 1:25,000 and 1:2,500 data
through the Internet without compensation.
Basic Act on the Advancement of Utilizing Geospatial Information (Act No. 63, 2007-05-30) reads:
As a general rule, the State shall provide the Fundamental Geospatial Data and others that it posses through
the Internet without compensation.
6
Content of FGD
• Vector
• DEM (grid)
• Geoid (grid)
All are encoded using 19136 (GML 3.2) 👍
National publication: YES!
Referenced in regulation: YES!
JIS: Japanese Industrial
Standard
7
XML Schema Description for FGD
Updated 5 times in 7 years.
Ver. Date
Updates
1
2008-03-31
Initial release
1.1
2008-06-03
Minor update
1.2
2009-01-26
Minor update
2
2009-03-02
Added road
area class and
other attributes
3
2010-10-29
Added several
classes and
attributes
4
2014-07-31
(*)
Added several
classes and
attributes
(*) Also started sheet-wise quarterly
update and charset change for
instance data (Shift_JIS to UTF-8)
8
Updates increased downloads
After introducing quarterly update,
number of downloads increased.
Number of datasets downloaded per day
60 000
First quarterly update
50 000
40 000
Started quarterly update
30 000
20 000
10 000
Occasional update
Quarterly update
9
地理院地图
GSI MAPS
GSI Maps @ http://cyberjapan.jp/
10
Web maps continuously in operation since 2003
2000
Digital Japan
・Concept
・System
・Data
2003〜
Digital Japan
Web System
(ActiveX)
2013
Separation of data and
software for further
applications
We started with the concept of Digital Japan (电子国土)
(Japan virtually realized on the Web) and renamed the
service as GSI Maps (地理院地图) after the separation
of data and software in 2013.
Functions
Updates notified via Twitter.
11
Technical information for
third party use.
Base layers of 4 maps and
latest orthophotos.
Various thematic layers.
KML (point / line / polygon) support.
Place name search.
Implementation detail:
Based on OpenLayers 2
maybe Leaflet in future.
More than 300 Layers in GSI Maps
We provide more than
300
layers from GSI Maps.
And the number is increasing.
12
GSI Maps also used for disaster management
Strong earthquake in the midnight
2014-11-22
13
GSI Maps also used for disaster management
2014-11-24: GSI conducted photo flight in the morning.
GSI Maps released some of the photos in the evening.
14
Added epicenters of aftershocks
Gradually adds more information when available.
15
Added InSAR image (09-29 / 11-24) from ALOS-2
16
Japanese earth
observation satellite
This indicates that the Kamishiro fault has moved
Overlaid with existing Active Fault Map
InSAR result matches with existing Active Fault Map.
17
GSI Maps are tile-based
GSI Maps are tile-based
since its start in 2003.
All the data are static resources.
Thanks to that, the service can easily
scale by deploying a CDN service.
CDN: Contents Delivery Network
18
Separation of Data and Software
GSI had provided API
for 3rd party use of the maps for
GSI Maps since 2003 until 2013.
But in 2013, GSI separated
data and software, and
switched to the provision of
tile resources instead of API.
WHY?
19
Separation of Data and Software
20
Everything must pass, but time constant for…
•Data: around 1 year – 100 years
•Software: around 1 month – 10 years
It’d be unfortunate if they are tightly coupled.
GSI decided to separate data and software, and
concentrate on providing raw tile data which can be
used from various software.
so that
👍 GSI can provide data on a long-term basis.
👍 Everyone has good options for software.
Separation of data and software – the case for GSI Maps
21
GSI gradually replaced rules originally developed in-house to
rules which can be used from various software.
① Digital Japan Web (2003)
Tile grids and tile names
developed by GSI
Software
developed by GSI
Interface: Digital Japan Web System API
② Digital Japan Web.NEXT (2012)
Tile grid which various software uses.
Adapter developed
OpenLayers+
Tile names developed by GSI
by GSI
OpenScales
Interface: “GSI base maps”
Interface：Digital Japan Web System Ver. 4
③ GSI Maps (2013)
Tile grid which various software uses (quadtree).
Tile names which various software uses (XYZ).
Interface： GSI tiles
OpenLayers+
OpenScales
Options to switch
to other software
when necessary.
Tile names which various software uses
22
Slippy map tilenames (XYZ)
•http://server/{t}/{z}/{x}/{y}.{ext}
•Preferred because it’s slightly more adopted than
TMS and simpler than WMTS.
– {tms: false} by default in Leaflet.
– Many web developers don’t like GetCapabilities. What
they needed was template URL (as above).
•All OSM-tile-based apps can add GSI tiles and
vice versa (= maximizing developer’s choice.)
http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/
Slippy_map_tilenames
GSI Tiles
23
The map data available for 3rd party use.
Standard map （z=2〜18）
http://cyberjapandata.gsi.go.jp/xyz/std/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
Blank map （z＝5〜14）
http://cyberjapandata.gsi.go.jp/xyz/blank/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
Relief (colored hillshade) map （z=5〜15）
http://cyberjapandata.gsi.go.jp/xyz/relief/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
Orthophotos （z=15〜17）
http://cyberjapandata.gsi.go.jp/xyz/ort/{z}/{x}/{y}.jpg
GSI tiles can be used from both open source APIs (OpenLayers, Leaflet,
Cesium, etc.), commercial APIs (Google Maps JavaScript API, Yahoo! Map API,
etc.) and mobile APIs, thanks to adoption of slippy map tilenames.
24
Various application of GSI Tiles
←Web-based 3D Globe
↓ArcGIS
↑Google Earth
↓Smartphone (3rd party)
25
Various tools ready for GSI Tiles
Application development using GSI Tiles is promoted under
participatory community named “GSI Maps Partner Network”
GSI
Improvement
•
•
End User
3D
Multi-touch
GSI Maps
Partners
More value
•
Vector tiles
GSI Tiles
Various
applications
GSI Maps Partner Network
Communication among
stakeholders
Various
types of
usage
Various
application
fields
26
Various tools ready for GSI Tiles
Just to show the list of the registered tools…
30 and more coming.
Autodesk
Infraworks
DocuMapWeb
DRM viewer、
DRMWeb
viewer etc.
FieldAccess
gittok
Land StationPocket for
Windows tablet
MercuryEvoluto 2015
Mole II
Sweden Pro
Ver. 4
Orkney
Upward
SpaceWalk
SuperMap GIS
7C series
TOWISE CAD
カシミール3D
仮想土木列島
GONDWANA
山林管理山守く
ん
動産管理システム
大福帳
スタでんマップ
地図太郎PLUS
シリーズ
地図ロイド for
Android, 地図ロイド
Mini for Windows
GSI Maps
Tools
LP gas
物流拠点配置
図（仮）
（ArcGIS for Desktop）
SCM式
地図共有Web
システム
Ecoris
Map Tiles
地震ハザード
ステーション（JSHIS）、eコミマッ
プ
山車どこ
システム
地質図Navi
デジタル教材
登山地図＆計画
マネージャ
ヤマタイム
20万分の1
日本シームレス
避難行動
要支援者名簿
ヤマレコ
（地形図との連携）
Development of a new GSI Maps
Tile grid which various software uses (quadtree).
Tile names which various software uses (XYZ).
Interface： GSI tiles
User needs
1) users want to use in multi-touch devices
2) users want to overlay bigger data
3) users want fast, light, and stable service
27
OpenLayers+
OpenScales
Options to switch
to other software
when necessary.
GSI decided to
switch to Leaflet!
Responsively fit
to the display.
GeoJSON support in addition to KML support
28
• Added GeoJSON support, in order to cope with
bigger data overlay.
– Leaflet and other software support GeoJSON quite well.
– Google, which submitted KML to OGC, also support GeoJSON.
source：OGC KML 2.2.0 (07-147r2)
source：http://googlegeodevelopers.blogspot.jp/2014/03
/maps-made-easier-geojson-in-the-javascript-maps-api.html
Mobile can now overlay bigger
polygon data inside HTML app.
Tile-based web mapping out of existing scopes
29
Point 1
There is no TC 211 standardization activities
for tile-based web mapping
30
Quantitative data are also in GSI Tiles
Elevation Tiles: Pixel-perfect DEM for Web Maps
256px
256px
A map tile
An elevation tile
An elevation tile is almost the same as a map tile,
but it records elevation of each pixels in CSV format.
http://cyberjapandata.gsi.go.jp/xyz/dem/{z}/{x}/{y}.txt (z=14)
31
Initial use of elevation tiles
Elevation tiles are initially used for “rightclick-to-get-elevation” function.
Elevation: 2.9m
(5m GSD (laser))
Elevation is essential
information to cope with
tsunami and other
water diasters.
But more exciting
application is found!
32
GSI Maps 3D
GSI brought together image tiles and elevation tiles in 3D
3D visualization on
Web browser with
Web3D
+
3D-printable data
(STL, VRML)
download
Implementation detail:
Based on three.js.
Maybe Cesium in future.
GSI Maps 3D
Collection of Japanese landscapes in 3D @
http://cyberjapandata.gsi.go.jp/3d/
33
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Eatable GSI Maps 3D
• One of our users developed a QGIS plug-in for
reversing STL data for DEM.
– Search chiriin3d_reverse on GitHub!
• so that everyone can 3D-print a mold.
• Therefore Japanese DEM is now eatable!
Eatable Mt. Fuji
Next step: Cesium and terrain data
35
• We are researching on adopting Cesium
(Apache 2.0 licensed) for next versions.
• They are proposing binary tile format for
elevation data.
We are wondering what should be done.
Quantitative tiles out of existing scopes
36
Point 2
There is no TC 211 standardization activities
for quantitative tiles
Experimental Vector Tile Provision
• We know tiling is useful for imagery and DEM.
• What happens if NGIA provides vector tiles, like other
players in different sector do?
• So we experimentally released vector tiles for the
following area since August 2014.
• Format: GeoJSON tile
37
Road centerline
http://gsi-cyberjapan.github.io/vector-tile-experiment/
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Road centerline
http://gsi-cyberjapan.github.io/vector-tile-experiment/
Because it’s vector,
all the attributes
comes to the
browser.
40
DEM points
http://gsi-cyberjapan.github.io/experimental_dem/
DEM of 5m/10m
resolution comes to
the browser.
Problem: A little bit
too heavy…
41
All of the FGD data
http://gsi-cyberjapan.github.io/experimental_fgd/
Browser-side
rendering
42
z=19
You can zoom-in
(overzooming)
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z=20
44
z=21
45
Z=22 might be
great for indoor
z=22
46
z=22
Attributes of
every building to
the browser
47
Looks nice when overlaid with orthophoto.
Vector tiles for tactile maps
Vector tiles provides more freedom for
rendering, so
and we just tried.
48
Road centerline + building
3D printer can output different height. This can be an advantage over traditional
capsule paper, in addition to the advantage in cost.
49
50
Elevation + mountain trail
Pond
Volcanic vent
Mountain lodge
Mt. Ontakesan
No exaggeration of
height
Mountain trail
Urban area (road and train centerline)
51
When we output it very thin, the output is half transparent.
We putted a map on the backside of the output.
Station
Backside paper map
might be helpful when
a supporter try to
explain what the user
touches.
Vector tiles out of existing scopes
52
Point 3
There is no TC 211 standardization activities
for vector tiles
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地理空间情报 clearinghouse
GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION
CLEARINGHOUSE
http://ckan.gsi.go.jp/
54
It’s just a clearing house, but recently
we gave up Geonetwork Opensource and distributed search, and switch to
CKAN. Metadata for around 127,000 datasets are available.
It’s quite a lot.
jmp2ckan
• A tool to load JMP 2.0 metadata to CKAN
– JMP 2.0 = Japan Profile of (old) 19115.
• Available on Github.
55
ckanext-basemaps
• An extension to enable GSI Tiles on CKAN.
• Available on Github.
56
Wrap-up
57
• Two examples of “Standards in Action”
– GML (19136) for Japanese FGD data
– (Japan Metadata Profile 2.0 for) 19115
• Some technologies used in GSI Maps, are
out of scopes of existing ISO 19100
standards.
– Tile-based web mapping
– Quantitative tiles
– Vector tiles
Conclusion
58
• Service development is led by user needs, rather
than existing standards.
• But existing standards (19136 and 19115 in this
case) can be useful when the scope matches the
needs.
• In the field of web maps, existing ISO 19100
scopes does not always matches all the needs
yet, e.g. tile-based web mapping, quantitative
tiles and vector tiles.
• I’m not very sure about next actions…
But let’s enjoy new technologies!
59
Thank you.
And welcome OGC members to Akihabara, Tokyo next week.

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