© Paul Nicklen/National Geographic Stock / WWF-Canada Marine Cumulative Effects Mike Ambach WWF-Canada: Prince Rupert Apr 17, 2014 Cathryn Clarke-Murray, PhD Marine Science Officer, WWFCanada Adding On: Smithers, April 16-17 1 Overview Outline COLLABORATION – Marine Planning Partnership (MaPP) – Skeena River Estuary PRIORIOTIES • Cumulative Effects Framework / Marine CE in Pacific • Applications and Next Steps 2 Single activity – Multiple stressors Transportation Oil Spill Contaminants Noise Vessel Strikes Oil Spill Contaminants Noise © Mike Ambach / WWF-Canada Vessel Strikes Shipping Multiple Impacts Ecological Components 3 re g Cumulative activities – Single stressor Fueling Wastewater Urban Runoff Industrial Runoff Sediment Contaminants a nants © Mike Ambach / WWF-Canada (PCBs) 4 Cumulative ecosystem Coastal Development Shoreline Armoring, Overwater Structures Industry Toxic Contaminants Fishing Overfishing (point source) Residential Land Use “Scientific perspectives on cumulative effects in marine ecosystems” Toxic Contaminants (non-point source) Eelgrass Kelp (egg, lar) (juv) (juv) Dungeness Crab (juv) Salmon Orca Herring Adapted from Samhouri and Levin (2012) Harbor Seal Megan E. Mach, Rebecca Goldman Martone (Center for Ocean Solutions, CA, USA) Cathryn Clarke Murray (WWF-Canada) Rockfish 5 Cumulative Impacts in Pacific Ban, N., Alidina, H., and Ardron, J. 2010. Cumulative impact mapping: Advances, relevance and limitations to marine management and conservation, using Canada’s Pacific waters as a case study. Marine Policy 34: 876–886 6 Pacific Cumulative Impacts Ban et al 2010 Marine Policy 7 Methods • Habitat-based • Marine, Coastal and Land human activities • Example: how sensitive is X habitat to Y activity? • Vulnerability matrix Activities and Uses Aquaculture: Shellfish Fisheries, Commercial: demersal destructive Fisheries: Traditional Use, non-destructive Industry: Marine based forestry operations Industry: Marine based mining operations Marine Transportation: Commercial Ferries,Cruise Ships, Cargo Ships, Commercial Fishing, Recreational Vessels and Small Freight Recreation and Tourism: Kayaking Ecosystems Benthic - Biotic - Biogenic Suspension Kelp Seagrass Feeding Estuaries Reefs 0 2 1.5† 1*† 0 0 0† 0.7*† 0 0.4† 0.9† 0.5*† 0 1.2 1.1† 0.5*† 0 0 0† 0.1*† 0 0.9 0.7 0 0† 0† 0.2*† 0.2*† 8 Priorities & Collaboration 1. Groundtruthing vulnerability scores with local knowledge and expertise 2. Spatial data on proposed activities “digitizing pipeline routes by hand” 3. Data sharing protocols among actors in the region 4. Technical capacity across marine & freshwater 5. Research and data on species interaction 9 © Mike Ambach / WWF-Canada Scenarios 1. Current baseline 2. Climate change 3. Proposed developments 4. Climate + Development 10 Applications: MaPP www.mappocean.org www.seasketch.org 11 Applications: www.mappocean.org 12 MaPP Cumulative Effects Assessment Framework • Inventory and evaluate existing data sets • Conduct baseline studies to complement existing data • Collaboratively identify potential impacts and thresholds • Develop prevention and mitigation strategies “Identification of regional values, limits of acceptable change to those values, and the mechanisms for their protection” • Monitor trigger federal and provincial mngmt actions. 13 14 www.seasketch.org • Marine Planning “Portal” • + 250 data layers including • Administrative • Species & Habitats • Marine Uses • Supports some interactivity • Platform for modelling of alternative scenarios (link) 15 Cumulative Impacts in Pacific 16 MaPP Timelines Public Consultation Haida Gwaii now North Vancouver Island now Central Coast soon North Coast real soon Revision Sign-off 17 Applications: Skeena Estuary 18 CE in the Skeena Estuary 19 Priorities & Collaboration 1. Use a common language to identify approaches that fill those gaps 2. More inland / marine coordination at both technical level (info + data sharing) and conceptual approach level 3. Industry engagement outside EA “box”…? 4. Financing mechanism to embed Cumulative Effects into appropriate governance structures 5. Space to ground Cumulative Effects in the Northwest 20 Grounding Cumulative Effects in the Skeena Estuary A one-day workshop designed to focus on the science and policy tools available to help decision makers take action on cumulative effects in the Skeena Estuary. We are in the process of finalizing knowledge experts and structure for the day. Mike Ambach [email protected] James Casey [email protected] 21 Thank you wwf.ca 22 CE in the Skeena Estuary 23
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