ALIS 20(1-4) 58-62

DICTIONARY CATALOGUE AND CHAIN PROCEDURE
MMJob
Dept. of Library Science
University of Kerala, 'I'z-ivand r urn
Dlscusses the modified rules of chain procedure
meant for a dictionary catalogue as given in eee
chapter KZD. Effect of these rules on the syndetic
function of a dictionary catalogue by way of 'Ree' and
'see aleo' entries are studied. A number of examples
with full chain, specific subject headings, 'see also'
subject headings, and 'see'
subject headings
are
provided.
T irne is olates
T irne is 01ate representing
a Tim.e Facet
is to be considered as significant link.
It can
b~ a s ough tLi nk or an unsought link. St~ict
economy rnus t be adhered to in c ons ideri ng
it as a s ought link.
2
Abbreviations
Used
Ranganathan (S R): Classified catalogue
code. Ed 5. Bom.bay, Asia, 1964.
Rdc
Cutter (C A): Rules for a Dictionary
Catalogue.
Ed 4. London, Library
Association,
1962.
o
Definition
Chain Procedure can be defined in this
context as a procedure to derive specific sub-ject headings, subject analytical headings,
'see' and 'see also' subject headings from.
class num.bers in a s ern i rn.echanical Way by
interpreting the different links in the Chain
of class nurn.bers.
01
Cee KZD
This chapter gives m.odified rules of
chain procedure m.eant for a Dictionary Catalogue.
The crux of this chapter is that the
spec ific subject heading is not started fr am the
last sought link of the class num.ber as usual.
The class num.ber is to be divided into different parts according to the presence of common
isolates,
space isolates and relationship
isolates.
The specific subject heading starts
from. it last sought link of the first part which
is to be indiv idualis ed by the same par t if
necessary,
then by subsequent parts if any.
58
of a Dictionary
Catalogue
Since the Dictionary Catalogue is an
alphabetical catalogue,
its success depends
upon the provision of reference entries
21
Ccc
Success
Definition
of Syndetic--Rdc
p23
"Svridet ic, connective,
applied to that
kind of dictionary catalog which binds its
entries together by rne an.s of cross-references
so as to for rn a whole, the reference being
rn ade the rnos t c ompr ehe ns iv e subject to those
of the next lower degree of c orrrprehe rrsive.nes s
and f'r orn each of these to their subordinate
subjects and vice versa.
These crossreferences
correspond to and are a good substitute 'for the a r r ang ernent in a s y st.ernat ic
catalog. •
3
Subject Entries
When we think of applying the principle
of Chain Procedure to Dictionary Catalogue,
it rnus t satisfy the concept of the syndetic
aspect of the Dictionary Catalogue.
4
Errumer at lve Lists
Sears List of Subject Headings or
Library of Congress List of Subject Headings
is prepared taking into account the syndetic
aspect of the Dictionary Catalogue.
5
Syndetic entr ies of the Dictionary
Cat a-
l ogue ,
Syndetic entries correspond to reference
entries.
There are rn a inly two types of re-
Ann Lib Sci Doc
DICTIONARY CATALOGUE
ference entries.
They are 'see' and 'see also'
subject entries.
In both Sears List of subject
headings and Library of Congress List of
Subject Headings there is provision to prepare
these reference entries.
These things are
effected by providing the terms 'x ' and 'xx'.
The term or terms given after 'x" are to be
used only for 'see' reference entries.
But if
a term is taken from a group of terms that
come after the symbol 'xx ", it is tobe used
only for a 'see also' reference entry.
6
Cross Reference
subject reference entries must also adhere
this general principle of Cross Reference
Index Entr ie s •
Example:
Chain analysis
Rule CccK
Y
Index Entries
= Sociology
Y3
Sociology by residence
Y31
Rural Sociology
Y3l:
Connecting symbol
Y3l:4:
Social evils of rural
areas in India
Y3l:4:
Connecting symbol
Y31~4:5
Prevention of social evils
of rural areas in' India
Types of subject entries.
Part 2 of the Chain
When we derive subjects heading according to the Chain Procedure,
the result must be
the same as that of using enumerative list of
subject heading, as far as the types of entr ies
are concerned.
The difference can be on the
methodology, pr ocedure and mechanical operation.
8
Prevention of soc ia I evils
in rural India.
Y3l:4:5.44
Ccc LA2: "If each of two or more alternative
terms is used as the Heading of a Book Index
Entry, when the Referred--From
Heading is
one of these, the Directing Word should be
"see also".
If on the other hand, a ReferredFrom Heading is never used as the Heading of
a Book Index Entry, the Directing Word should
be "see".
Occasions may arise when the
directing term "see" has to be changed into
"see also".
7
Y31:4:5:
Connecting symbol
Y3l:4:5.4
Prevention of social evils of rural areas in As ia
Y31:4:5.44
Prevention of social evils
of rural areas in
India.
Chain Procedure
The chain procedure enunciated by
Ranganathan in his book "Cl a s s if le d Catalogue
Code' is notstrictly
adhering to the principles
generally adopted in subject entries.
He also
explained this pr inciple of Clta l.n Procedure in
his article published in Annals of Library
Science 1954,1(1), 216-21. According to the
rules and illustrations given by him, there
can be only one type of reference entries in a
subject catalogue.
They are 'see also' reference entries.
But in the case of a subject
catalogue prepared according to Sears list of
Subject Headings or Library Congress List of
Subject Headings, there will be two types of
reference entries.
They are 'see' and 'see
also' reference entries.
Subject reference
entries also c orrie urtder the several category
of Cross Reference Index Entries.
Cross
Reference Index Entries can be either 'see
also' entries.
The principles adopted in
Vol 20 No 1-4 Mar-Dec
1973
to
, Analysing the Chain by the Canon of Sought
Heading-starting
from the last link-we get
the following
Y31:4:5 .44
Y31:4:5.4
First
=
India, Prevention, Social
evils, Rural (Sought
Link)
Asia, Prevention, Social
evils, Rural (Unsought
Link)
Part
Y3l:4:5.
Connecting symbol (False
Link)
59
JOB
Y3l:4:5
Prevention, Soc ia l evils,
Rural (Sought Link)
Y3l:4:
Connecting symbol (False
link)
Y3l:4
Soc ia l evils, Rural
(Sought Link)
Y3l:
Connecting s yrnbol (False
Link)
Y3l
Rural Sociology (Sought
Link)
2. when a subject heading starts from
a space isolate, it must be for a 'see' entry
and not for a 'see also' entry; and
3. when a subject heading starts from
an isolate that comes after a r ei a t lon sh ip isolate, it must be for a 'see' entry and not for
a 'see also' entry.
93
Effect of the rules
Y3l:4:5.44
Y3
Y
Spec ific Subject Entry
PREVENTION, SOCIAL EVILS
RURAL. INDIA
Auth
Title
Call No.
By residence,
Sociology
(Unsought Link)
= Soclology (Sought Link)
Spec ific subject Heading star ting from the
first part of the chain according to Cc c KZD
'See also' Subject Entries
1.
SOCIAL EVILS, RURAL
PREVENTION, SOCIAL EVl.i...S,
RURAL, INDIA.
See also subject headings according
present rules of Ccc
See also
PREVENTION,
INDIA
to the
2.
PREVENTION,
INDIA
3.
92
Rules (Modification to Ccc KZD)
1. When a subject heading starts from
a c ornrnon isolate, it must be for a 'see' entry
and not for a 'see also' entry;
60
RURAL,
RURAL, SOCIOLOGY
SOCIAL EVILS, RURAL
SOCIOLOGY
Effect of the rule Ccc KZD
No specific Subject Heading can statt
from a cornmon isolate, or apace isolate or
is 01 ate corning after a relaticnship is ola te ,
See also subject heading means a heading that
can also occur as a. speclfic subject heading.
So a heading that is used as a 'see also' heading must be the one that is likely to be used as
a heading for a specific subject heading. In
the above example, the heading representing
the last sought link of the cha in is a space
ls ola te , Specific subject entry cannot be
started from a space isolate.
Because of the
same reason a 'see also' entry should not
start from a space isolate.
SOCIAL EVILS,
See also
INDIA, PREVENTION, SOCIAL EVILS, RURAL
SOCIAL EVILS, RURAL,
RURAL SOCIOLOGY
SOCIOLOGY
91
will be as follows:
See also
PREVENT ION. SOCIAL EVILS, RURAL,
INDIA
'See' Entry will be as follows:
1.
INDIA, PREVENTION,
RURAL
SOCIAL EVILS,
See
PREVENTION,
INDIA
94
SOCIAL EVILS, RURAL,
Other Examples
Example
1 X:5.44'N-Z0s = Statistical study of
tr a de in Ind ia in the
year 1970.
Example 2 X8 (J) .44 'N
=
Agr icul t ur al, economics in India in
20th century.
Ann Lib Sci Doc
mCTIDNARYCATALOGUE
Example
= Mathematics
Engineers.
3 BobD
Example 4 VI:19(zM)'N45
Subject Entries
for
N39 '" History
World War II
for example
(Time isolate
sought link)
of
'See also'
is considered
here as an un-
subject Entry
ECONOMICS
1
.Eee also
Specific subject Entry
X:5 .44'N70 s
TRADE, INDIA, STATISTICS,
1970
Auth
See
(Rule: T'Lrrielsolate representing
a Time
Facet ls a Sought Link, it :must be added
only at the end of the heading irrespective
of the part in which lt comes )
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS,INDIA
Subject Entries
for Exa:mple 3
BObD
'See at e.o' subject Heading.
Specific Subject Entry
ECONOMICS
MATHEMATICS biased to ENGINEERING
See also
TRADE, .INDIA, STATISTICS,
1970
Auth
Title
'See' Subject Heading
STATISTICS,
INDIA, TRADE, 1970
Call No.
'See also' Subject Entry
NU
See
TRADE, INDIA, STATISTICS, 1970
2.
'See' Subject Entry
INmA, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
Call No.
Title
1.
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, INDIA
INDIA, TRADE,
'See' Subject Entry
ENGINEERING biasing MATHEMATICS
1970
See
See
TRADE, INDIA, STATISTICS, 1970
MATHEMATICS biased to ENGINEERING
(No heading will start
Isolate)
Subject Entries
X8(J)
from a Time
Subject Entries
VI: 19(zM)' N45 ~ N39
for Exa:mple 2
Spec ific Subject Entry
.44'N
WAR, WORLD, 1939-1945
Specific Subject Entry
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, INDIA
Auth
Tltle
Vol 20 No 1-4 Mar-Dec
for Exa:mple 4
Call No.
1973
Auth
Title
(Time isolate representing
a Sought Link)
Call No.
Ti:m.e Facet
is
61
JOB
'See also' Subject Entr ies
WORLD,
Nil
HISTORY
- See also
WAR, WORLD,
'See' Subject Entr ies
1939-1945.
HISTORY
(N0 see refer ence can be prepared according to Chain Procedure.
But flair has to be
applied by the cataloguer if there is any
alternative term by which readers are likely
to approach this book. Hence we get a
Subject Cr oss Reference Index Entry)
See also
WORLD WAR II
WAR, WORLD,
1939-1945.
See
(No heading will start from a Time isolate.
V 1: 19 and V}: 1 are WlS ought links in this
case)
62
WAR, WORLD,
1939-1945.
Ann Lib Sci Doc

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