Corrugated packaging and food contact safety

Introduction
Corrugated cardboard has a variety of applications in the field of packaging and in food
transport. The main advantages are the low cost, availability, ease of formation, and the short
life cycle, due to degradation of the paper. The properties of the corrugated cardboard as
packing material, may be altered depending on the production process, and with the addition
of chemicals to improve the sheet fabrication.
Control Body - EFET
The Uniform Food Authority (EFET) is the body which carries out regular, and post a complaint,
controls on food safety. These controls relate to food businesses involved in manufacturing,
processing, packaging, storing, transporting, distributing or offering for sale or supply to the
consumer, food products, traded - imported or exported - through our country. The purpose of
these checks is to verify compliance with national and EU legislation and regulations. Thus to
ensure the protection of the health and economic interests of consumers.
Materials in contact with food - Corrugated packaging
The general direction for packaging, transport and storage of food, focuses that the packaging
material must not:
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endanger human health
generate an unacceptable change in the composition of the food products or a
deterioration in its organoleptic characteristics.
Precisely, producers and processors of corrugated board are in a low risk business class for food
safety and the hazards they face are:
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Natural hazards: transfer of foreign body of the paper and its production process in the
food.
Chemical risks: from the possible use of non-approved raw materials (paper, paints,
adhesives, varnishes, etc.)
The paper food packages are divided into two categories:
A. Retail packaging that comes in direct contact with food as primary packaging. (e.g. pizza box)
B. Packing for transport and delivery of products that comes into direct contact with units of
packaged products as secondary packaging. (e.g. carton packed juices)
Both types of packaging must not transfer their constituents to foodstuffs in unacceptable
amount nor cause any alteration of its nature (texture, smell, etc.). The transmission of any
component to the foodstuff is called migration and depends on both the nature of the packaging
material and the food category.
For the purpose of sampling and risk analysis of packaging, EFET separates food into five main
categories:
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Aqueous foods (foods with aqueous ph> 4,5)
Acidic foods (foods with aqueous ph <4,5)
Alcoholic foods
Fatty Foods
Dry Food
It is evident that in the majority of food categories, corrugated cardboard play the role of the
secondary packaging and the food is primarily protected from possible migration or alteration
through plastic, aluminum, paper or a combination of the above packaging. The risk of migration
in this case is small, but cannot be excluded, as the non-migration of chemicals from the
paperboard to the food itself, is not specified.
On the other hand, the growing use of corrugated cardboard packaging for fast food products
(eg pizza, burgers, etc.) and for the majority of fruit and vegetables, requires the adoption of
strict conditions and practices throughout the production process.
VIOKYT PACKAGING SA
The company, under Quality Control System, commits management and employees to maintain,
implement, and constantly update an Integrated Quality & Environmental Management System
in accordance with the requirements of international standards ISO 9001: 2008 and 14001: 2004
respectively.
Furthermore, the company, in the application of basic principles of food safety, complies with
National and European legislation and regulations, alongside a series of preventive and
interventional measures throughout the production process:
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Cooperation with suppliers of raw materials whose products are approved for food
packaging.
Moreover for corrugated products intended for primary packaging, a certificate is
required for compliance with direct food contact. These certificate indicates clearly the
category or categories suitable for primary food contact. It is mandatory that the
certificates state the standard methodology under which the tests have been performed
by the independent bodies, on behalf of the supplier, and the validity period.
Adoption of principles for health and safety at work
Procedures for production tracking
Ongoing monitoring and corrective actions in the event of deviations
The increased use of recycled paper in the cardboard packaging, has led us in the necessity of
systematic evaluation of raw paper and suppliers. In order to exclude the risk of contaminants
of the recycled paper due to prior use, we cooperate with accredited bodies which perform all
the necessary chemical analyzes, on our behalf, such as the concentrations of heavy metals,
allergens, photoinitiators, phthalates, pentachlorophenol, dioxins (PCDD / PCDF / PCB) etc., odor
controls or taste transfer.
Above measures ensure the effective implementation of all essential safeguards to protect the
end consumer.
Appendix - Guide legislation
Where legislation exists for food contact, packaging material or its components the following
order complies:
• European legislation for food contact (EU Directives 1935/2004, 2023/2006) and relevant
national legislation (Code for food & Drink -Articles 9,21,24- European legislation)
• Where the European legislation is imperfect, national legislation of EU Member States applies,
taking into account the following:
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The Member State that the producer is based
The Member State where the product is packaged
The Member State sold
Adequacy of existing legislation
The principle of mutual recognition
Where the European legislation and the legislation of the Member States is incomplete, it may
refer to the following instructions or recommendations for compliance:
• Decisions from the Scientific Committee for Food SCF and the European Food Safety Authority
ESFA
• National decisions (Recommendations BfR XXXVI)
• National legislation outside the EU (FDA (176.170, 176.180), Swiss Legislation)
• Rulings of the European Council
• Related and possibly officially recognized industry practices and standards, which issued by
European associations, including CIP and forbidden lists CEPE / EuPIA, the guide of EuPIA inks
applied on the side, not in contact with the food, and the CIP of EAA for aluminum alloys which
are intended for direct food contact.
References
1. Food Packaging, National Technical University of Athens, School of Chemical
Engineering, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, 2009
2. Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs - developments in legislation, State
General Laboratory, Dr. Eugenia Lambi
3. Safety materials in contact with foodstuffs - State General Laboratory
4. Guide to Good Practices for the production of flexible packaging materials – FSA
5. Portal www.efet.gr