VMP 930 Veterinary Parasitology Nematodes Strongylida Strongylida Phylogenetic Tree pict Order Strongylida Bursate Worms Trichostrongyle Hookworm (Ancylostomid) Metastrongyle Strongyle Strongylida: Bursate Worms Males have copulatory bursa to grasp female during copulation Strongylida: Bursate Worms Most occur in Host’s GI Tract Trichostrongyles (most) -- Abomasum & Small Intestine Strongyles -- Large Intestine, Colon Hookworms -- Small Intestine Note exceptions Trichostrongyles (Dictyocaulus) -- Lungs Metastrongyles -- Lungs Strongylida: Bursate Worms Most pass strongyle-type ova in feces. Note exceptions Metastrongylus sp. Dictyocaulus sp. Trichostrongyles Small, long, thin worms Vestigial Buccal cavity Route of Infection – Ingestion of Infective L3 on pasture Most in Abomasum or S. Intestine Most have Strongyle-type ova Exception – Dictyocaulus in Lungs Exception – Dictyocaulus -> larvae Main Nematode Concern for Ruminants (ex. Haemonchus, Ostertagia) Strongyles Straight stout worms Large Buccal Cavity with teeth Route of Infection – Ingestion of Infective L3 on pasture In Colon & Cecum Strongyle-type ova Main Nematode Concern for Horses (ex. Small & large Strongyles) Hookworms Straight stout worms Large Buccal Cavity with teeth Route of Infection (Ancylostomids) Skin Penetration of Infective L3 Transmammary transmission In Small Intestine Strongyle-type ova A Major Nematode Concern for Pets (ex. Ancylostoma) Metastrongyles Large, thin worms No Buccal Cavity Route of Infection – Ingestion of Snail or Earthworm Intermediate Host containing infective larvae In Lungs Ovoid Larvated eggs A Nematode Concern for Pastured Swine (ex. Metastrongylus) Bursate Worms Important Points What morphology is distinctly characteristic of the Strongylid Nematodes? Compare & Contrast the 4 groups of nematodes that belong to the bursate Nematode Group (Strongylid). Males have a Copulatory Bursa for grasping female during copulation. Common name General worm size & shape Buccal Cavity Host of Major concern Location in host Route of infection Diagnostic stage Of the Trichostrongyles, which worms are exceptions to the general trichostrongyle characteristics. What are those exceptions? Dictyocaulus sp. Found in the lungs Larvae in the feces. The Following is Review ONLY (Deadly Dew Drop)
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