英語サンプル月サンプル回 1 次の英文の下線部（1）～（3）を和訳せよ

英語サンプル月サンプル回
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次の英文の下線部（１）～（３）を和訳せよ。
In the early years of the 19th century, ice was used for transporting fresh fish by land
to market but was not carried on the fishing vessels themselves, which normally returned
daily to land their catch. As the century wore on, (1)steam trawlers that were capable of going
further and staying longer at sea began to replace the old sailing ship, but some means of
preserving their catches had to be employed. It was Samuel Hewitt, an enterprising fishing
ship owner from Barking in the country Essex ‐ then a busy fishing port on the River
Thames ‐ who began bringing fish back to port packed in ice. (2)He also started the system
of having the ships remain on the fishing ground for a month or more at a time, the catch
being taken to Billingsgate by fast boats sent out daily to collect it from the fleets of trawlers.
(3)At first the necessary ice was supplied by local farmers who were persuaded to
flood their fields in the winter and collect the ice as it formed, which was then cut into blocks,
carried to the ports and stored in underground icehouses. But by 1830 a great deal of ice was
being imported into England from America, the fishing industry being the largest consumer.
A little later, Norway entered the field and since its shipping charges were lower it captured
most of the market ‐ by1899 the amount of ice imported from Scandinavia had reached a
huge 500,000 tons.
※ trawler
Billingsgate
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(1)
(2)
(3)
トロール船
当時のロンドン最大の魚市場
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次の英文の下線部（１），（２）を和訳せよ。
The United States is a land of immigrants from all over the world. Some of the
immigrants had difficulty in adjusting to their new lives in America.
Rose Gollup, a Russian Jew, came to the United States un 1891 from a village in
today's Belarus. Rose described her mother's reactions to the new country:
Mother had been here only a short time when I noticed that she looked older and
more old-fashioned than Father. I noticed that it was so with most of our women, especially
those who wore wigs or headscarfs on their heads. So I thought that if I could persuade her
to leave off her headscarf she would look younger and more up-to-date.
(1)So, one day, I asked her playfully to take off her headsarf and let me do her hair,
just to see how it would look. She consented reluctantly. She had never before in her married
life had her hair uncovered before anyone. I took off her headscarf and began to fix her hair.
It was thin and dark, but it was soft and had a pretty wave. When I parted it in front and
gathered it in a small knot in the middle of the back of her head, leaving it soft over the
temples, I was surprised how different she looked...
When Father came home in the evening and caught sight of her while still at the
door, he stopped and looked at her with astonishment. 'What!' he cried, half earnestly, half
joking. 'Already you are becoming an American lady!' Mother looked embarrassed for a
moment. Then in the next to my surprise and delight, I heard her answer boldly, 'As you see,'
she said, 'I am not staying far behind.'
Rose's mother adapted to American customs quite rapidly. But people often had a
hard time. (2)Immigrants found the adjustment easier if they lived near others from the same
homeland. In these neighborhood, they could hear their native language, shop at stores
where familiar foods and other items were available, and not feel out of place.
※ Belarus a country in eastern Europe
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(1)
(2)
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次のテーマについて、自分の考えを９０語以上程度の英語で述べよ。
「あなたは大学で何を学びたいと考えていますか。そして、それは何故ですか。」
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