♫䞉ᩥ㻌 㻞㻱㼂㻜㻟㻜㻌 ᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻟 ᅇ䠄㻞㻜㻜㻥䠅㻌 ⮬ᕫ⪅ࡢᕪ␗㛵ࢃࡿせᅉ ⪅ᚿྥࠊ⮬ᚊᚿྥࠊ⮬ᑛឤࠊ2D4D Ụ᭸Ꮚ 㸦ΎἨዪᏛ㝔Ꮫே㛫Ꮫ㒊㸧 ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ: ⮬ᕫ⪅ࡢᕪ␗ࠊ㢧ᅾ ᗘࠊ2D:4D Possible factors contributing to self-other differentiation: Other- and autonomy-oriented tendency, self-esteem, and 2D4D Tomoko OE (Seisen Jogakuin College) Key words: self-other differentiation, explicit measure, 2D:4D ࡓࠋᅇ┠ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊᤵᴗ㛫እ 1㹼5 ྡࢆ㞟ࡵࠊᣦࡢ㛗 ⮬ᕫ⪅ࢆᕪ␗ࡍࡿഴྥࡣࠊඹឤᛶࠊᨷᧁᛶࠊ⮬ᑛឤ ࡉࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ୕ᅇ┠ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ⪅ᚿྥ⮬ᚊᚿྥࡢ ࠊ㞟ᅋ㛫ࣂࢫ㛵ಀࡍࡿ㔜せ࡞ഴྥࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃ ᐃࢆᤵᴗ୰⾜ࡗࡓࠋྛㄪᰝࡢ㛫㝸ࡣ 1㹼2 ࣧ᭶࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋOe, Hirabayashi, Numazaki, & Shigemasu (2008) ࡣࠊ ⤖ ᯝ ⮬ᕫ⪅ࢆ₯ᅾⓗᕪ␗ࡍࡿഴྥࢆ₯ᅾ㐃ྜㄢ㢟ࢆ⏝࠸ ᑻᗘ ⪅ᚿྥࠊ⮬ᚊᚿྥࠊ⮬ᑛឤࡢྛᑻᗘ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ࡚ ᐃࡋࠊࡑࡢᕪ␗ഴྥᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚ㸦2D:4D㸧ࡢ㛫 ᅉᏊศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ1 ᅉᏊᵓ㐀ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵࠊྛᑻ ẚ㍑ⓗᏳᐃࡋࡓ┦㛵ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢ ᗘ ࡢ 㡯 ┠ ࡢ ༢ ⣧ ຍ ⟬ ᖹ ᆒ ࢆ ⟬ ฟ ࡋ ࡓ 㸦 ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ࠊ alpha ẚࡣࠊ⫾ඣᮇ࠶ࡧࡿᛶ࣍ࣝࣔࣥࡢ⃰ᗘࡼࡗ࡚つᐃࡉࢀࡿ = .707, .650, .827㸧ࠋ್ࡀ㧗࠸ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࠊ⮬ศࡼࡾࡶ ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢᨷᧁᛶࡸඹឤᛶࡲ࡛ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿせᅉ ⪅ࢆඃඛࡍࡿഴྥࠊ⮬ศࡶேࡶ⮬ᚊࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡿഴྥࠊ ࡋ࡚◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢẚࡣ㢧ᅾⓗ࡞㞟ᅋ㛫ࣂࢫࡶ ⮬ᑛឤࡀᙉ࠸ࡇࢆពࡍࡿࠋ 㛵ಀࡋࠊẚࡀᑠࡉ࠸㸦⸆ᣦᑐࡋ࡚ேᕪᣦࡀ㛗࠸㸧ࠊ ᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚࡣࠊྛཧຍ⪅ࡢྛᣦᑐࡋ࡚ ᐃ⪅㛫ࡢᖹᆒ ேࡣෆ㞟ᅋࡼࡾࡶእ㞟ᅋࢆྰᐃⓗホ౯ࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦Oe, ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓᚋࠊྛཧຍ⪅ࡢᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚࢆྑᡭᕥᡭࡢࡑࢀ Kim, & Shigemasu, 2007㸧ࠋ㞟ᅋ㛫ࡢᕪ␗ࢆᢅࡗࡓࡇࡢ◊✲ ࡒࢀ࡛⟬ฟࡋࠊ᭱ᚋ୧ᡭࡢẚࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋ್ࡀ㧗 ࡛ࡣ㢧ᅾ ᗘࢆ⏝࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⮬ࡢᕪ␗ࢆᢅࡗࡓ Oe et al. ࠸ࠊ⸆ᣦᑐࡋ࡚ேᕪᣦࡀ㛗࠸ࡇࢆពࡍࡿࠋ (2008) ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ₯ᅾ ᗘࡢࡳࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲ ᕪ␗ᚓⅬࡣࠊḟࡢ 3 ✀㢮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ(1)⮬ࡢᕪ␗ 1㸸 ࡛ࡣࠊ㢧ᅾ ᗘࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࡶࠊ⮬ࡢᕪ␗ᣦࡢ㛗ࡉ ࠕ⮬ศࠖᑐࡍࡿ ᗘࡽࠕேࠖᑐࡍࡿ ᗘࢆᘬ࠸ࡓ್ࠊ ࡢẚࡢ㛫ࠊྠᵝࡢ㛵ಀࡀࡳࡽࢀࡿࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ (2)⮬ࡢᕪ␗ 2㸸 ࠕ⮬ศࠖᑐࡍࡿ ᗘࡽࠊேᑐࡍࡿ ⮬ࡢᕪ␗ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿせᅉࡣࠊࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᮏ◊ ᗘ㸦ࠕ20 ௦ࡢேࠖࠕ70 ௦ࡢேࠖᑐࡍࡿ ᗘࡢᖹᆒ್㸧 ✲࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢせᅉࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬ศࡼࡾࡶ⪅ࢆඃඛࡍࡿഴྥ㸦 ⪅ᚿྥ㸧ࠊ⮬ศࡶ⪅ࡶ⮬ᚊࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡿഴྥ㸦⮬ᚊᚿྥ㸧ࠊ ࢆᘬ࠸ࡓ್ࠊ(3)㞟ᅋ㛫ࡢᕪ␗㸸ࠕ20 ௦ࡢேࠖᑐࡍࡿ ᗘ ࡽࠕ70 ௦ࡢேࠖᑐࡍࡿ ᗘࢆᘬ࠸ࡓ್ࠋ ⮬ศࢆ⫯ᐃⓗࡽ࠼ࡿഴྥ㸦⮬ᑛឤ㸧ࢆ ᐃࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽ ྛ⊂❧ኚᩘࡢ ᗘࡢ┦㛵 ⪅ᚿྥࡣࠊᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢ ࡢせᅉࡀ⮬ࡢᕪ␗ࠊཬࡧࠊᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚࡢࡼ࠺࡞㛵 ẚṇࡢ┦㛵ࠊ⮬ᚊᚿྥࠊཬࡧࠊ3 ✀㢮ࡢᕪ␗ᚓⅬ㈇ ಀ࠶ࡿࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ ࡢ┦㛵࠶ࡗࡓ㸦p < .01㸧ࠋ⮬ᑛឤࡣࠊ2 ✀㢮ࡢ⮬ࡢᕪ␗ ᪉ ἲ ṇࡢ┦㛵࠶ࡗࡓ㸦p < .01㸧ࠋᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚࡣࠊ㞟ᅋ㛫ࡢ ㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ 㛵ᮾᅪෆࡢ 1 Ꮫ࠾࠸࡚ᴫㄽⓗ࡞ᚰ⌮Ꮫࡢ ㅮ⩏ࢆᒚಟࡍࡿᏛ⏕ 446 ྡ㸦⏨ᛶ 227 ྡࠊዪᛶ 219 ྡ㸧ࠋ௨ୗ ᕪ␗㈇ࡢ┦㛵࠶ࡗࡓ㸦p < .05㸧ࠋ ࡢ ᐃࡢ࡚ཧຍࡋࡓ⪅ࡣ 187 ྡ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᕪ␗ᚓⅬᑐࡍࡿ㔜ᅇᖐศᯒ ⮬ࡢᕪ␗ᚓⅬ 3 ✀㢮 ࢆᚑᒓኚᩘࡋࠊ⪅ᚿྥࠊ⮬ᚊᚿྥࠊ⮬ᑛឤࠊᣦࡢ㛗ࡉ ⪅ᚿྥ ࠕࢃࡓࡋࡣࠊ⮬ศࡢᚰ㓄ࡼࡾࡶࠊேࡢᚰ㓄ࢆ ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇࡀከ࠸ࠖ ࠕ⮬ศࡀ࠶ࡲࡾᖾࡏ࡛࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ࿘ࡾ ࡢẚࠊᛶูࠊᖺ㱋ࢆ⊂❧ኚᩘࡍࡿ㔜ᅇᖐศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑ ࡢேࡀᖾࡏࡔ࠺ࢀࡋ࠸ࠖ࡞ࠊィ 5 㡯┠ࢆ 5 ௳ἲ࡛ホᐃࡉ ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ(1)⮬ࡢᕪ␗ 1 ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⪅ᚿྥ㸦b = -.287, ࡏࡓ㸦࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸(1)㹼࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡿ(5)㸧ࠋ p < .01㸧ࠊ⮬ᑛឤ㸦b = .345, p < .01㸧ࠊᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚ㸦b = .171, ⮬ᚊᚿྥ ࠕேぶษࡍࡿࡼࡾࡶࡲࡎࠊ⮬ศࡢࡇࢆࡋ p < .05㸧ࡢຠᯝࡀ᭷ព࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋྠᵝࠊ(2)⮬ࡢᕪ␗ 2 ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ᛮ࠺ࠖ ࠕ⮬ศࡢࡇࡶ࠺ࡲࡃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢࠊ ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⪅ᚿྥ㸦b = -.180, p < .05㸧ࠊ⮬ᑛឤ㸦b = .470, ேࡢᚰ㓄ࢆࡋ࡞࠸࠺ࡀࡼ࠸ࠖ ࠕ௰㛫ࡣࡎࢀ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿே p < .01㸧ࠊᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚ㸦b = .141, p = .05㸧ࡢຠᯝࡀ᭷ព࡛࠶ ࡣࠊ⪅⁐ࡅ㎸ࡵࡿࡼ࠺ດຊࡍࡁࡔᛮ࠺ࠖ࡞ࠊィ ࡗࡓࠋ(3)㞟ᅋ㛫ࡢᕪ␗࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡢせᅉࡶ᭷ព࡛ 9 㡯┠ࢆ 5 ௳ἲ࡛ホᐃࡉࡏࡓ㸦࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸(1)㹼࠶࡚ࡣࡲ ࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡿ(5)㸧ࠋ ⪃ ᐹ ⮬ᑛឤ Rosenberg㸦1965㸧ࡢ⮬ᑛឤᑻᗘ㸦10 㡯┠㸧 ⮬ᕫ⪅ࡢ㢧ᅾⓗ࡞ᕪ␗ࡣࠊ⪅ᚿྥࠊ⮬ᑛឤࠊ ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸦࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸(1)㹼࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡿ(5)㸧ࠋ ᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚࡀ㛵ಀࡋࠊ⮬ᚊᚿྥࡣ㛵ಀࡋ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᣦࡢ㛗 ᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚ ᐃ⪅ 2 ྡࡀ⊂❧ࠊྛཧຍ⪅ࡢ୧ᡭࡢே ࡉࡢẚࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ₯ᅾ ᗘ࡛ࡢ⮬ࡢᕪ␗ࢆᢅࡗࡓඛ⾜◊ ᕪᣦ⸆ᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࢆࠊ㟁Ꮚࣀࢠࢫࢆ⏝࠸࡚ 0.01mm ༢࡛ ✲ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣᑐ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᣦࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚࡀࡁ࠸㸦⸆ᣦ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ ᑐࡋ࡚ேᕪᣦࡀ㛗࠸㸧ࠊ⮬ࢆᕪ␗ࡍࡿഴྥ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ⮬ᕫ⪅ࡢᕪ␗ Oe et al. (2007)ྠᵝࠊឤ ᗘィ ₯ᅾ ᗘ㢧ᅾ ᗘ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝࡣ┦㛵ࡀࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ⮬ศࠊேࠊ20 ௦ࡢேࠊ70 ௦ࡢேᑐࡍࡿ ᗘࢆ ࡀከࡃሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᮏ◊✲࡛⏝࠸ࡓᕪ␗ഴྥࡶࠊ ᅇ⟅ࡉࡏࡓ㸦෭ࡓ࠸/ዲࡲࡋࡃ࡞࠸(0)㹼࠶ࡓࡓ࠸/ዲࡲࡋ࠸ ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ ᗘࡢ㐪࠸ࡀᫎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㞟ᅋ (100)㸧ࠋ 㛫ࡢᕪ␗࡛ᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡢࢇ ᡭ⥆ࡁ ㄪᰝࡣ 3 ᅇศࡅ࡚ᐇࡋࡓࠋ᭱ึࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ ࡀ 10 ௦࡛࠶ࡾࠊ20 ௦ࢆෆ㞟ᅋࡣࡳ࡞ࡉ࡞ࡗࡓྍ⬟ᛶ ⮬ᑛឤࠊཬࡧࠊ⮬ᕫ⪅ࡢᕪ␗ࡢ ᐃࢆᤵᴗ୰⾜ࡗ ࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ̿ 216 ̿
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