᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻡 ᅇ኱఍䠄㻞㻜㻝㻝䠅㻌
ឤぬ䞉▱ぬ㻌㻟㻼㻹㻜㻣㻠㻌
ᕥྥࡁࡢ㢦࡟࠾ࡅࡿ McGurk ຠᯝࡢඃ఩ᛶ
‫ۑ‬Ლᮧᫀ௦㸯࣭ᑠᓥ἞ᖾ㸰
㸦 ி㒔኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᩥᏛ◊✲⛉࣭㸰㔠ἑ኱Ꮫே㛫⛉Ꮫ⣔㸧
࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ: McGurk ຠᯝ㸪㢦ࡢྥࡁ㸪ᕥྑ㠀ᑐ⛠ᛶ
㸯
The dominant McGurk effect of left-looking faces
Masayo KAJIMURA1 and Haruyuki KOJIMA2,#
1
( Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto Univ., 2Faculty of Human Sciences, Kanazawa Univ.)
Key words: McGurk effect, facial orientation, left-right asymmetry
⤖ ᯝ
㡢ኌ࡜ᫎീࡢ୧᪉ࢆ࿊♧ࡋࡓᐇ㦂 1 ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪㡢ኌ
ࡀ/ba/࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪/ba/௨እࡢ㡢࡟⪺ࡇ࠼ࡓ๭ྜ㸦࢚࣮ࣛ⋡㸧
ࢆ Figure1 ࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪㡢ኌ࡜ᫎീࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜
ࡁࡼࡾࡶ୙୍⮴ࡢ࡜ࡁࡢ᪉ࡀㄗ཯ᛂࡀከࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪McGurk ຠ
ᯝࢆ෌⌧ࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾࠿ࡘ㸪ㄗ཯ᛂࡣ㢦ࡀྑྥࡁࡢ࡜ࡁࡼࡾࡶ
ᕥྥࡁࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ቑຍࡋࡓࠋ
㻸㼑㼒㼠㻌㼜㼞㼛㼒㼕㼘㼑
㻱㼞㼞㼛㼞㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼡㼐㼕㼛㻌㻛㼎㼍㻛
┠ ⓗ
ゝㄒࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡣ୺࡟㸪⫈ぬ᝟ሗ࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋ᪥ᖖⓗ࡞Ⓨヰ▱ぬ࡛ࡣ㸪⫈ぬ᝟ሗ࡟ຍ࠼࡚どぬ᝟ሗࡶ
฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋどぬ᝟ሗ࡜⫈ぬ᝟ሗࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࢀࡤ㸪どぬ
᝟ሗࡣ㡢ኌ᝟ሗࡢ▱ぬ⮬యࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࡇࢀ
ࡽ 2 ࡘࡢ᝟ሗࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟⏕ࡌࡿ▱ぬ⌧㇟ࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ
࡚㸪McGurk ຠᯝࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢຠᯝࡣ㸪Ⓨヰᫎീ࡜
㡢ኌࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓሙྜ࡟㸪ᫎീඖࡢ㡢ኌ࡜ࡶᐇ㡢ኌ࡜ࡶ␗
࡞ ࡗ ࡓ 㡢 ኌ ࡀ ▱ ぬ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ࡶ ࡢ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ (McGurk &
MacDonald, 1978)ࠋMcGurk ຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪㢦ࡢྥࡁ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
㐪 ࠸ ࡢ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᫂ ࡽ ࠿ ࡟ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ Kanzaki, Kato,
Tohkura(1998)ࡣ㸪㢦ࢆṇ㠃㢦㸪ᕥᩳࡵ㢦㸪ᕥᶓ㢦ࡢ 3 ✀㢮࡟
ศࡅ࡚ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅࡟࿊♧ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ṇ㠃ྥࡁ㸪ᩳࡵྥ
ࡁ㸪ᶓྥࡁࡢ㢦ࡢ㡰࡛ McGurk ຠᯝࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪
ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㢦ࡢㄆ▱ฎ⌮ࡣ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ㢦ࡢྥࡁࡀᕥ࠿ྑ࠿࡟ࡼ
ࡗ࡚⤖ᯝࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ
ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪ᕥྑ୧ྥࡁࡢ㢦่⃭ࢆ⏝࠸㸪McGurk ຠ
ᯝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈᖹ᪉ྥࡢ㢦ࡢྥࡁࡢᕥྑᑐ⛠ᛶࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜
ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ
᪉ ἲ
ᐇ㦂 1
ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ 18 ṓ࠿ࡽ 24 ṓࡢ኱Ꮫ⏕ 50 ྡ
࿊♧่⃭ 㡢ኌ࡜ᫎീࡀ୍⮴ࡋࡓ 3 ่⃭(/ba/-/BA/, /ga/-/GA/,
/da/-/DA/) ࡜ ୙ ୍ ⮴ ࡢ ่ ⃭ ࢆ 6 ㏻ ࡾ స ᡂ ࡋ ࡓ (/ba/-/GA/,
/ba/-/DA/, /ga/-/BA/, /ga/-/DA/, /da/-/BA/, /da/-/GA/)ࠋᑠᩥᏐࡣ㡢
ኌ่⃭ࢆ㸪኱ᩥᏐࡣᫎീ่⃭ࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪㢦ࡢྥࡁ
1 ᮲௳࡟ࡘࡁ㸪9 ㏻ࡾࡢ่⃭ࡀ⏝ពࡉࢀࡓࠋ㢦ࡢྥࡁࡣ㸪ᕥᶓ㸪
ᕥᩳࡵ㸪ṇ㠃㸪ྑᩳࡵ㸪ྑᶓࡢ 5 ᮲௳࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ᡭ⥆ࡁ ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ࡣ㸪ࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥୖ࡟ᢞᙳࡉࢀࡓ่⃭ࢆほ
ᐹࡋࡓࠋ1000msec ࡢࣈࢨ࣮㡢ࡢ┤ᚋ㸪㡢ኌ࡜ᫎീࡀ 3msec
࿊♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪2000msec ࡢⓑⰍ⏬㠃ࡀ⥆࠸ࡓࠋᐇ㦂ཧ
ຍ⪅ࡣࡑࡢ㛫࡟㸪ே≀ࡢⓎኌࡀఱ࡜⪺ࡇ࠼ࡓ࠿ࢆ/ba/, /ga/, /da/
ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠿࠿ࡽ㑅ᢥࡋ㸪࣐࣮ࢡࢩ࣮ࢺ࡟ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᩍ♧
ࢆཷࡅࡓࠋⓑⰍ⏬㠃ࡢᚋ࡟෌ࡧࣈࢨ࣮㡢ࡀ㬆ࡾ㸪ḟࡢヨ⾜࡟
⥆࠸ࡓࠋ
ᐇ㦂 2
ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ ᐇ㦂 1 ࡟ཧຍࡋࡓ 50 ྡ
࿊♧่⃭ ᐇ㦂 1 ࡛౑⏝ࡋࡓど⫈ぬ่⃭ࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪㡢ኌࡢࡳࢆ
่⃭࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋ่⃭ࡢࡑࡢ௚ࡢ≉ᚩࡣ㸪ᐇ㦂 1 ࡜ྠᵝ
࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ᡭ⥆ࡁ ่⃭ࡢ࿊♧᪉ἲࡣ㸪ᐇ㦂 1 ࡜ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ᐇ㦂 3
ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ ᐇ㦂 1㸪2 ࡟ཧຍࡋࡓ 50 ྡ
࿊♧่⃭ ᐇ㦂 1 ࡛౑⏝ࡋࡓど⫈ぬ่⃭ࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪ᫎീࡢࡳࢆ
่⃭࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋ่⃭ࡢࡑࡢ௚ࡢ≉ᚩࡣ㸪ᐇ㦂 1 ࡜ྠᵝ
࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ᡭ⥆ࡁ ่⃭ࡢ࿊♧᪉ἲࡣ㸪ᐇ㦂 1 ࡜ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㻜㻚㻢
㻸㼑㼒㼠㻌㼠㼔㼞㼑㼑㻙㼝㼡㼍㼞㼠㼑㼞
㻜㻚㻡
㻲㼞㼛㼚㼠
㻾㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼔㼞㼑㼑㻙㼝㼡㼍㼞㼠㼑㼞
㻜㻚㻠
㻾㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼜㼞㼛㼒㼕㼘㼑
㻜㻚㻟
㻜㻚㻞
㻜㻚㻝
㻜
㻮㻭䠄㼏㼛㼚㼓㼞㼡㼑㼚㼠䠅
㻳㻭
㻰㻭
㼂㼕㼟㼡㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚
Figure1.
A. Error ratio to audio /ba/ for each facial orientation.
㡢ኌࡢࡳࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡓᐇ㦂 2 ࡛ࡣ㸪㘓㡢ࡉࢀࡓ㡢ኌࡀ
㢦ࡀ࡝ࡕࡽࢆྥ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡁࡢࡶࡢ࠿࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ㄗ཯ᛂ
ࡣ඲࡚ࡢ㡢ኌ࡛༑ศ࡟ᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
↓㡢ࡢどぬ่⃭ࡢࡳࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡓᐇ㦂 3 ࡛ࡣ㸪ཧຍ⪅
ࡣヰ⪅ࡀⓎ㡢ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ༑ศ࡟ṇ☜࡟᥎ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞
࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪㢦ࡢྥࡁࡢ㛫࡛ṇ⟅⋡࡟ᕪࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
⪃ ᐹ
Ⓨヰ่⃭࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪㡢ኌࡢࡳࢆ࿊♧ࡋࡓሙྜࡣㄗ཯ᛂࡀ㠀
ᖖ࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪㡢ኌ࡜ᫎീࡢ୧᪉ࢆ࿊♧ࡋࡓሙྜࡣ㸪
㡢ኌ࡜ᫎീࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟㡢ኌ࡟ᑐࡍࡿㄗ཯ᛂࡀከࡃ࡞
ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᮏᐇ㦂࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪㡢ኌࡢ᭕᫕ࡉ
࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㡢ኌ࡜ᫎീࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟౫
Ꮡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟㸪ᫎീࡢࡳࢆ࿊♧ࡋࡓሙྜࡣ㢦
ࡢྥࡁ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ṇ⟅⋡࡟ᕪࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪㡢ኌ࡜
ᫎീࡢ୧᪉ࢆ࿊♧ࡋࡓሙྜࡣ㸪㡢ኌ࡜ᫎീࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸
᮲௳࡛㢦ࡀᕥࢆྥ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ㄗ཯ᛂࡀከࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪ᕥྥࡁ
ࡢ㢦࡟࠾ࡅࡿ McGurk ຠᯝࡢඃ఩ᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪㡢ኌ
࡜ᫎീࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣࡇࡢඃ఩ᛶࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ᕥྑ㠀ᑐ⛠࡞Ⓨヰ▱ぬࡣ㸪どぬ᝟ሗ࡜⫈ぬ᝟ሗࡀ⤫
ྜࡉࢀࡿฎ⌮࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ⏕ࡌࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ
ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩
Kanzaki, R., Kato, T., & Tohkura, Y.(1998). Influence of facial views
on the McGurk effect. The Acoustical Society of Japan(E), 19,
69-72.
MacDonald, J. & McGurk, H.(1978). Visual influences on speech
perception processes. Perception & Psychophysics, 24, 253-257.
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