䝇䝫䞊䝒䞉ᗣ㻌 㻞㻼㻹㻝㻟㻤㻌 ᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻡 ᅇ䠄㻞㻜㻝㻝䠅㻌 ᑐฎⓗᝒほ⪅ࡢࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢ⮬ぬࢫࢺࣞࢫࡘ࠸࡚ ۑᇛᓥ༤ᐉ㸯࣭ᇛెᏊ㸰 㸦 ᩥᩍᏛே㛫⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉࣭㸰ᩥᩍᏛ㸧 ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ: ᑐฎⓗᝒほ⪅࣭⮬ぬࢫࢺࣞࢫ࣭ᑐேࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢ 㸯 Coping and Perceived Stress in Defensive Pessimist Hironobu Jyojima1, and Yoshiko Joh 2. 1 ( Graduate School of Human Sciences, Bunkyo University, 2 Bunkyo University) Key words: Defensive Pessimists, Perceived Stress, Interpersonal Stress-Coping ┠ ⓗ ᑐฎⓗᝒほᛶࡣࠊ㐣ཤྠᵝࡢㄢ㢟࡛ᡂຌࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶ 㛵ࢃࡽࡎᮍ᮶ࡢㄢ㢟࠾࠸࡚ᙉ࠸Ᏻࢆឤࡌ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡀ㸪ࡑ ࡢᏳࢆ⤫ไࡋ࡚㐺ษᑐฎࡍࡿࡇࢆຓࡅࡿㄆ▱᪉␎ࡋ ࡚ᴫᛕࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Norem2001㸧ࠋᑐฎⓗᝒほᛶࡣ≉ᛶ Ᏻࡢ㧗࠸ಶேࡗ࡚᭷ຠ࡞ㄆ▱᪉␎ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪 ᑐฎⓗᝒほ⪅(௨ୗ DP ⪅)ࡢ◊✲ࡣ㸪ᴦほᛶࢆ᪥ᖖⓗ⏝࠸ࡿ ᪉␎ⓗᴦほ⪅(௨ୗ SO ⪅)ẚ㍑ࡍࡿᙧ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ᪥ᮏ࠾ࡅࡿᑐฎⓗᝒほᛶࡢᴫᛕࡣ≉ᐃࡢㄢ㢟 ሙ㠃౫ᣐࡋࡓ◊✲ࡀከࡃ㸪ᗈ⩏ࡢᚰ㌟ࡢᗣࡽㄽࡌࡓ◊ ✲ࡣ✚ࡉࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᑐேሙ㠃㸪≉ᑐேࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ࣮ ࣆࣥࢢࡽࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆヨࡳࡓ◊✲ࡣぢཷࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ㸪 ㄆ▱య⣔ࡀ␗࡞ࡿ SO ⪅ DP ⪅࡛ࡣ㸪⮬ぬࢫࢺࣞࢫᕪࡀ Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪DP ⪅࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ぬࢫࢺࣞࢫ㛵 ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣ㸪㸯㸧DP ⪅ SO ⪅ࡢ⮬ぬࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢᕪࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇࠋ㸰㸧DP ⪅ SO ⪅ࡀᑐேࢫࢺࣞࢫሙ㠃࠾࠸࡚⏝࠸ࡸࡍ࠸ࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢࡢ ✀㢮ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࠋࡍࡿࠋ ᪉ ἲ ㄪᰝᑐ㇟ ᇸ⋢┴ෆࡢᏛ⏕ 262 ྡ㸦⏨ᛶ 75 ྡ㸪ዪᛶ 187 ྡ㸪ᖹᆒᖺ 㱋 19.43 ṓ㸪SD=1.22㸧ࢆศᯒᑐ㇟ࡋࡓࠋ ㄪᰝෆᐜ ᑐ ฎ ⓗ ᝒ ほ ᛶ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ᪉ ␎ ⓗ ᴦ ほ ᛶ Hosogoshi & Kodama(2005) ࡛ 㛤 Ⓨ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ᪥ ᮏ ㄒ ∧ ᑐ ฎ ⓗ ᝒ ほ ᛶ ᑻ ᗘ (Japanese version of the Defensive Pessimism Questionnaire 㸸 J-DPQ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ ⮬ぬࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢ ᐃ ᒾᶫ࣭⏣୰࣭⚟ᅵ࣭ᮏ㒓(2002)ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ స ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ᪥ ᮏ ㄒ ∧ ⮬ ぬ ࢫ ࢺ ࣞ ࢫ ㄪ ᰝ ⚊ (Japanese Perceived Stress Scale: JPSS)ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ ᑐேࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢࡢ㑅ᢥ ຍ⸨(2002)ࡼࡗ࡚㛤Ⓨ ࡉࢀࡓ▷⦰∧ᑐேࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢᑻᗘ(a short form of the Interpersonal Stress-Coping Inventory: ISI-15)ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ ࢫࢺࣞࢫᛂࡢ ᐃ 㕥ᮌ࣭ᔱ⏣࣭୕ᾆ࣭∦ᰗ࣭ྑ㤿ᇣ࣭ ᆏ㔝㸦1997㸧ࡀసᡂࡋࡓ Stress Response Scale-18㸦௨ୗ㸪 SRS-18㸧ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓࠋ ⤖ ᯝ Hosogoshi & Kodama㸦2005㸧ࢆཧ⪃ᢳฟࡉࢀࡓ SO ⪅ 68 ྡ㸪DP ⪅ 60 ྡࢆ௨ୗࡢศᯒࡢᑐ㇟ࡋࡓࠋ DP ⪅㸪SO ⪅࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ぬࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢẚ㍑ ⮬ぬࢫࢺࣞࢫ ᚓⅬࢆ⏝࠸࡚ DP ⪅ SO ⪅㛫࡛ᑐᛂࡢ࡞࠸㹲᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ᭷ពᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ㸪DP ⪅ࡀ᭷ព㧗࠸ᚓⅬࢆ♧ࡋ ࡓ㸦 t (126) = 4.16p < 㸧ࠋ DP ⪅㸪SO ⪅࠾ࡅࡿࢫࢺࣞࢫᛂࡢẚ㍑ ࢫࢺࣞࢫᛂ ᚓⅬࢆ⏝࠸࡚ DP ⪅ SO ⪅㛫࡛ᑐᛂࡢ࡞࠸㹲᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪DP ⪅ SO ⪅ࡢ㛫ࡣ᭷ពᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ 㸦 t (126) = 1.94 ns㸧ࠋ DP ⪅㸪SO ⪅ࡀ⏝࠸ࡿᑐேࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢࡢ✀㢮ࡢẚ ㍑ ᝒほᛶ㸦DP,SO㸧ࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢ 3 ✀㢮ࡢ 2 せᅉࡢศᩓศ ᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ᑐேࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢࡢຠᯝࡀ ᭷ព࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦F (2)=14.05p <01㸧ࠋᝒほᛶࡢຠᯝ ࠾࠸ ࡚ࡣ ᭷ព ഴྥ ࡀぢ ࡽࢀ ࡓ㸦F (1126)=3.08 p <1 㸧 Bonferroni ἲࡼࡿከ㔜ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ࢿ࢞ࢸࣈ㛵ಀ ࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢゎỴඛ㏦ࡾࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢ㸪ࢿ࢞ࢸࣈ㛵ಀࢥ࣮ࣆ ࣥࢢ࣏ࢪࢸࣈ㛵ಀࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢࡢ㛫᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ 䠰䠽䠾䡈䡁㻝䠊ྛ⩌䛻䛚䛡䜛ᑐே䝇䝖䝺䝇䝁䞊䝢䞁䜾䠈⮬ぬ䝇䝖䝺䝇䠈䝇䝖䝺䝇ᛂ䛾ᖹᆒ䛸ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ኚᩘ 㻿㻻⪅䠄䠪 䠙㻢㻤䠅 㻰㻼⪅䠄 䠪 䠙㻢㻜䠅 䠩 䠯䠠 䠩 䠯䠠 䚷䝫䝆䝔䜱䝤㛵ಀ䝁䞊䝢䞁䜾 㻟㻚㻞㻢 㻝 㻟㻚㻡㻟 㻜㻚㻤㻠 䚷䝛䜺䝔䜱䝤㛵ಀ䝁䞊䝢䞁䜾 㻟㻚㻜㻝 㻜㻚㻤㻟 㻟㻚㻜㻟 㻜㻚㻥㻠 䚷ゎỴඛ㏦䜚䝁䞊䝢䞁䜾 㻟㻚㻡㻞 㻜㻚㻤㻤 㻟㻚㻣 㻜㻚㻣㻥 ⮬ぬ䝇䝖䝺䝇ྜィ 㻠㻠㻚㻣㻞 㻡㻚㻡㻣 㻠㻤㻚㻢㻤 㻡㻚㻝㻟 䝇䝖䝺䝇ᛂྜィ 㻝㻣㻚㻟㻡 㻝㻟㻚㻞㻟 㻞㻝㻚㻡㻤 㻝㻝㻚㻜㻡 ᑐே䝇䝖䝺䝇䝁䞊䝢䞁䜾 ⪃ ᐹ ᮏ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊDP ⪅ࡣ SO ⪅ࡼࡾ⮬ぬࢫࢺࣞࢫࡀ㧗ࡃࠊࢫ ࢺࣞࢫᛂᕪࡣ↓࠸ࡇࡀ᫂ࡽࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࢥ࣮ࣆ ࣥࢢ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ DP ⪅ࡀ⯡ⓗࡸࡸከ⏝ࡍࡿഴྥࡀㄆࡵࡽ ࢀࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊDP ⪅ SO ⪅ࡣㄆ▱᪉␎ࡢ㐪࠸ࡼࡾ㸪⮬ ぬࢫࢺࣞࢫᕪࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋࡋࡋ㸪㐺ษ࡞ᑐேࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ ࣮ࣆࣥࢢࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇࡼࡾ㸪ࢫࢺࣞࢫᛂࡣపῶࡋ㸪⤖ᯝ ࡋ࡚ࢫࢺࣞࢫᛂࡣᕪࡀ࡞࠸࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୖࡢ⤖ ᯝࡣ㸪ᑐฎⓗᝒほᛶࡣ㐺ᛂ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠸࠺ࡦࡘࡢドᣐ࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋᚋ◊✲ࢆ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡ㸪ᑐฎⓗᝒほᛶࡀ㐺ᛂ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ ㄽᣐࢆࡉࡽ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ Hosogoshi, H.,㸤 Kodama, M.(2005).Examination of defensive pessimism in Japanese college students: Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Defensive Pessimism Questionnaire. Japanese Health Psychology, 12, 27-40. ᒾᓮᡂᑑ࣭⏣୰⩏つ࣭⚟ᅵᑂ࣭ᮏ㒓㐨ኵ(2002)᪥ᮏㄒ∧⮬ぬ ࢫࢺࣞࢫㄪᰝ⚊సᡂࡢヨࡳ ᚰ㌟་Ꮫ42, 7, 459-466. ຍ⸨ྖ(2002)▷⦰∧ᑐேࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢᑻᗘࡢసᡂ ⚄ᡞዪᏛ㝔ᏛᏛ⏕┦ㄯᐊ⣖せ 7, 17-22 Norem, J. K. (2001). Defensive pessimism, optimism, and pessimism. In E. C. Chang (Ed), Optimism and pessimism: Implications for theory,research, and practice. Washington, D. C.: American Psychologial Association Press. Pp.77-100. 㕥ᮌఙ୍࣭ᔱ⏣ὒᚨ࣭୕ᾆṇỤ࣭∦ᰗᘯྖ࣭ྑ㤿ᇣຊஓ࣭ᆏ 㔝㞝(1997)᪂ࡋ࠸ᚰ⌮ⓗࢫࢺࣞࢫᛂᑻᗘ㸦SRS-18㸧 ࡢ㛤Ⓨಙ㢗ᛶ࣭ጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ウ ⾜ື་Ꮫ◊✲, 4, 22-29. ̿ 1266 ̿
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