㹙ࣀ࣮ࢺ㹛 රᗜ┴࠾ࡅࡿ⫶⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫ᳨ฟ≧ἣ㑇ఏᏊゎᯒ 㸦㹼 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥ㸧 㧘 ఏ㸨 Ⲷ ⨾㈗ ᢲ㒊 ᬛᏹ ㏆ᖹ 㞞Ⴙ ୕ᮧ ᫀྖ Prevalence and Genetic Analysis of Gastroenteritis Viruses in Hyogo Prefecture during 2011/12 and 2012/13 Epidemic Seasons Denshi TAKAI㸨, Miki OGI, Tomohiro OSHIBE, Masatsugu CHIKAHIRA and Masashi MIMURA Infectious Disease Research Division, Public Health Science Research Center, Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Consumer Sciences, 2-1-29, Arata-cho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe 652-0032, Japan We investigated the incidence of gastroenteritis viruses such as norovirus (NoV), sapovirus (SaV), human astrovirus (HAstV), group A and C rotaviruses (ARV and CRV), and enteric adenovirus (EAdV) among the pediatric population in Hyogo prefecture during the 2011/12 and 2012/13 epidemic seasons. Of 415 stool samples examined, gastroenteritis viruses were detected 161 (38.8%). NoV (44.1%) was predominant, followed by ARV (33.5%), EAdV (9.3%), SaV (8.1%), HAstV (3.7%) and CRV (1.2%). NoV Gϩ and ARV were the leading agents of infant gastroenteritis in Hyogo prefecture among this two epidemic seasons. The seasonal variability was observed in the detected viruses. Notably, prevalence of new NoV Gϩ/4 variant was observed in 2012/13 season. Continuous monitoring of gastroenteritis viruses by detailed genetic analysis is useful for designing preventive strategies of these viruses in Hyogo prefecture. Ϩ ࡣࡌࡵ ⟶ࢹࣀ࢘ࣝࢫ㸦EAdV㸧࡞ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑ ࡢ୰࡛ࡶNoVࡸARVࡼࡿࡶࡢࡀከࡃࢆ༨ࡵࡿ㸬 ࢘ࣝࢫࡸ⣽⳦࡞ࡼࡾୗ⑩ࠊྤࠊ⭡③ࠊⓎ⇕࡞ ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⫶⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫࡣከࡃࡢᆺࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠾ ࢆⓎࡍࡿឤᰁᛶ⫶⭠⅖ࡣ㸪 ẖᖺᅜ࡛ከⓎࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪 ࡾ㸪ὶ⾜ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡼࡗ࡚ὶ࡞ࡿ⾑Ύᆺࡸ㑇ఏᏊᆺ ᝈ⪅ࡣஙᗂඣࡽᡂேࡲ࡛ᖜᗈ࠸ᖺ㱋ᒙΏࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ 1)㸬 ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡸ㸪ᆅᇦⓗ࡞೫ࡾࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡇࡶሗ࿌ࡉ ᖺ㛫ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿࡀ㸪 ឤᰁⓎ⏕ືྥㄪᰝࡼࡿ㸪 ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ2,3)㸬 ᖺᬌ⛅ࡽᏘࡅ࡚ὶ⾜ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠾ ࡉࡽ㸪ឤᰁᛶ⫶⭠⅖ᝈ⪅ࡽ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡿ࢘ࣝࢫࡣ ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢᏘࡢὶ⾜ࡣ࢘ࣝࢫࡀཎᅉࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 㣗୰ẘࡸ㞟ᅋឤᰁࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡇࡽ㸪ཎయࢆ≉ᐃ ឤᰁᛶ⫶⭠⅖ࡢࡓࡿཎᅉ࢘ࣝࢫࡣࣀࣟ࢘ࣝࢫ ࡋ࡚㐺ษᑐᛂࡍࡿࡇࡀឤᰁᣑࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿୖ࡛㔜せ 㸦NoV㸧 㸪ࢧ࣏࢘ࣝࢫ㸦SaV㸧 㸪A ⩌࠾ࡼࡧ C ⩌ࣟࢱ࢘ ࡞ࡿ㸬 ࣝࢫ㸦ARV࣭CRV㸧 㸪ࢫࢺࣟ࢘ࣝࢫ㸦HAstV㸧 㸪⭠ ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ2011ᖺ9᭶ࡽ2013ᖺ8᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ2ᖺ 㛫ࡢරᗜ┴࠾ࡅࡿᑠඣࡢᩓⓎᛶឤᰁᛶ⫶⭠⅖ᝈ⪅ࡘ ឤᰁ㒊 ࠸࡚㸪ཎᅉ࢘ࣝࢫࢆ≉ᐃࡋ࡚ࡑࡢືែࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿ 㸨ูๅㄳồඛ㸸ࠛ6520032⚄ᡞᕷරᗜ༊Ⲩ⏣⏫ 2129 ࡶ㸪᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ࢘ࣝࢫࡘ࠸࡚ศᏊ㑇ఏᏛⓗᡭἲ࡛ රᗜ┴❧ᗣ⏕ά⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ ᗣ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ゎᯒࡋࡓࡢ࡛ሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬 ឤᰁ㒊 㧘 ఏ － 24 － රᗜ┴❧ᗣ⏕ά⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᗣ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮◊✲ሗ࿌ ➨ ྕ 㡿ᇦࡢ୍㒊ࢆቑᖜࡍࡿࣉ࣐࣮ࣛ12) ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࢘ࣝࢫ ϩ ᮦᩱ᪉ἲ 㑇ఏᏊࢆ᳨ฟࡋࡓ㸬 1㸬ㄪᰝᑐ㇟ 2011 ᖺ 9 ᭶ࡽ 2013 ᖺ 8 ᭶ࡲ࡛රᗜ┴ឤᰁⓎ⏕ Ϫ ⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ ືྥㄪᰝᴗࡢཎయᐃⅬ࡛᥇ྲྀࡉࢀࡓ㸪ឤᰁᛶ⫶⭠⅖ ᝈ⪅ࡢ⣅౽ 415 ᳨యࢆ᳨ᰝᮦᩱࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ 1㸬⫶⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫ᳨ฟ≧ἣ ࡣ࢘ࣝࢫᛶୗ⑩ࡢⓎ⏕ࣆ࣮ࢡࡀᏘ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪9 2011/12㹼2012/13 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡢ 2 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥ࠾ࡅࡿྛ ᭶ࡽ⩣ᖺ 8 ᭶ࡲ࡛ࢆ 1 ὶ⾜ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡋ࡚㞟ィࡋࡓ㸬 ࢘ࣝࢫࡢ᳨ฟ≧ἣࢆ Table1 ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ᝈ⪅⣅౽ 415 2㸬࢘ࣝࢫ㑇ఏᏊࡢ᳨ฟ㑇ఏᏊᆺู ࢀࡓ㸬ཎᅉ࢘ࣝࢫࡋ࡚᭱ࡶከࡃ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓࡢࡣ NoV ᳨య୰ 161 ᳨య㸦38.8%㸧ࡽ⫶⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫࡀ᳨ฟࡉ ⁛⳦␃Ỉ࡛ 10㸣ஙࡋࡓ⣅౽ࡢ㐲ᚰୖΎࡽ࢘ ࡛㸪㝧ᛶ᳨య୰ 44.1%㸦71 ᳨య㸧ࢆ༨ࡵࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪NoV ࣝࢫ DNA ࠾ࡼࡧ RNA ࢆᢳฟࡋࡓ㸬RNA ࢘ࣝࢫࡣ ࡣ㑇ఏᏊ⩌ࡀϨ⩌㸦GϨ㸧ϩ⩌㸦Gϩ㸧ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿ ࣛࣥࢲ࣒ࣉ࣐࣮ࣛࡼࡗ࡚ᢳฟ RNA ࡽ cDNA ࢆస ࡀ㸪ᅇࡢᑠඣࢆయࡋࡓ᳨యࡽࡣ GϨࡣ᳨ฟࡉࢀ ᡂࡋࡓࡢࡕ㸪 PCR ἲࡼࡾ࢘ࣝࢫ㑇ఏᏊࢆ᳨ฟࡋࡓ㸬 ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 NoV ࡣཌ⏕ປാ┬㏻▱ 4)㍕ࡉࢀࡓࣉ࣐࣮ࣛ࠾ࡼ NoV ḟ࠸࡛ ARV ࡀ 33.5% 㸦54 ᳨య㸧 㸪 EAdV ࡀ 9.3% ࡧ TaqMan ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ࣜࣝࢱ࣒ PCR ἲ࡛ 㸦15 ᳨య㸧 㸪SaV ࡀ 8.1%㸦13 ᳨య㸧 㸪HAstV ࡀ 3.7%㸦6 NoV 㑇ఏᏊࢆ᳨ฟࡋࡓ㸬㝧ᛶ࡞ࡗࡓ᳨యࡣ㸪ࢥࣥ࣋ࣥ ᳨య㸧 㸪CRV ࡀ 1.2%㸦2 ᳨య㸧ࡢ㡰ከࡃ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ㸬 ࢩࣙࢼࣝ RT-PCR ἲ࡛࣏࣓࣮ࣜࣛࢮ㡿ᇦ C ᮎ➃㹼࢝ࣉ 㔜」ឤᰁࡣ 9 ᳨య㸦5.6%㸧࡛ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬ᝈ⪅ࡽࡢ⫶ ࢩࢻ㡿ᇦ S ࢻ࣓ࣥࢆቑᖜࡋࡓ㸬 ࡇࡢ PCR ቑᖜ⏘≀ࢆ㸪 ⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫ᳨ฟ⋡ࡣ 2011/12 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡀ 33.5%㸪 ࢲࣞࢡࢺࢩ࣮ࢡ࢚ࣥࢫἲࡼࡾሷᇶ㓄ิࢆỴᐃࡋ㸪 2012/13 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡀ 44.8%࡛㸪୧ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡶ NoV Gϩ MEGA5 ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㏆㞄⤖ྜἲ࡛⣔⤫ᶞゎᯒ ࡀ᭱ࡶከࡃ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ㸬 ࡽࡢ᪉ἲ 5)࠾ࡼࡧࣀ Fig. 1 ⫶⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫࡢ᭶᳨ูฟ≧ἣࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬୧ ࣟ࢘ࣝࢫࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺ㸦Capsid N/S region ᇶ࡙ࡃ㑇 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡶࢩ࣮ࢬࣥึᮇ NoV Gϩࡢ᳨ฟᩘࡀቑຍ ఏᏊᆺ㸪http://idsc.nih.go.jp/pathogen/refer/noro- ࡋ㸪2011/12 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡣ 1 ᭶㹼2 ᭶㸪2012/13 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥ kaisetu1.html㸧ᚑࡗ࡚㑇ఏᏊᆺࢆศ㢮ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡣ 10 ᭶㹼12 ᭶ࡀ᳨ฟࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪NoV ࡢ ࡋࡓ㸬㑇ఏᏊᆺูࡣ㸪Kageyama ARV ࡢ㑇ఏᏊ᳨ฟ࠾ࡼࡧ VP7(G)㡿ᇦࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺูࡣ㸪 ᳨ฟࡣ 10 ᭶ࡽ 3 ᭶ࡢ⛅ᮇࡽᮇ㞟୰ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪 ࢘ࣝࢫᛶୗ⑩デ᩿࣐ࢽࣗࣝ 6)‽ࡌࡓ RT-PCR ἲ NoV ࡢ 90.1%ࡀࡇࡢᮇ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ㸬୧ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡶ ࡼࡾ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬VP4(P)㡿ᇦࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺูࡣ Gomara ࡽ NoV ࡢῶᑡకࡗ࡚ ARV ࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪 NoV ARV ࡢ᪉ἲ 7)ᚑࡗࡓ㸬 ࡢὶ⾜Ꮨ⠇ᛶࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬 SaV ࡢ㑇ఏᏊ᳨ฟ࠾ࡼࡧᆺูࡣ㸪Okada ࡽࡢ᪉ἲ 8) EAdV ࡸ SaV ➼ࡣ᳨ฟᩘࡀᑡ࡞ࡃᏘ⠇ⓗኚືࢆᤊ࠼ ᚑࡗ࡚࢝ࣉࢩࢻ㑇ఏᏊࢆቑᖜᚋ㸪ሷᇶ㓄ิࢆỴᐃࡋ㑇 ࡿࡣ⮳ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ឤᰁࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫ࠾ࡅࡿ ఏᏊᆺูࡋࡓ㸬 ᅜࡢཎయ᳨ฟሗࡼࢀࡤ㸪EAdV ࡣᖺ㛫ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ CRV ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୍᪉࡛㸪SaV ࡣ ARV ྠᵝ NoV ὶ⾜ ࡢ㑇ఏᏊ᳨ฟࡣ㸪ⴱ㇂ࡽࡢ᪉ἲ 9)ᚑࡗࡓ㸬 HAstV ࡢ㑇ఏᏊ᳨ฟࡣ Sakon ࡽࡢ᪉ἲ 10)ᚑࡗࡓ㸬 ࡢῶᑡకࡗ࡚ቑຍࡍࡿഴྥࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸬 㑇ఏᏊᆺูࡣ Sakamoto ࡽࡢᆺู⏝ࣉ࣐࣮ࣛ11)ࢆ⏝ 2㸬⫶⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫࡢὶ⾜ᆺゎᯒ ࠸ࡓ㸬 EAdV ࡣཎయ᳨ฟ࣐ࢽࣗࣝᚑ࠸㸪࣊࢟ࢯࣥ C4 ᭱ࡶከࡃ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ NoV Gϩࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺ᳨ูฟ≧ἣ Table 1 Number of gastroenteritis viruses detected in Hyogo prefecture (2011/12-2012/13 season ) Samples Gastroenteritis Number of detection (%) virusesHAstV ARV CRV Positive (%) NoV G䊡 SaV 74 (33.5) 27 (36.5) 7 (9.5) 2 (2.7) 25 (33.8) 2 (2.7) EAdV 2011/12 221 2012/13 194 87 (44.8) 44 (50.6) 6 (6.9) 4 (4.6) 29 (33.3) 4 (4.6) Total 415 161 (38.8) 71 (44.1) 13 (8.1) 6 (3.7) 54 (33.5) 2 (1.2) 15 (9.3) NoV G䊡 : norovirus G䊡 SaV : sapovirus HAstV : human astrovirus ARV : group A rotavirus CRV : group C rotavirus EAdV : enteric adenovirus － 25 － 11 (14.9) Fig. 1 Monthly detection of gastroenteritis viruses in Hyogo prefecture (2011/12-2012/13 season) Table 2 NoV genotypes detected from clinical specimens of infectious gastroenteritis (2011/12-2012/13 season) Genotype G䊡/2 G䊡/3 G䊡/4 G䊡/12 G䊡/13 2011/12 4 2012/13 1 Total 5 2 2 18 3 42 1 60 1 Total 15)㸬ࡑࡢࡢࡕ㸪2008a㸪2008b㸪2009a ᆺ➼ࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ኚ␗ᰴࡀฟ⌧ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡢ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡶࡁ࡞ ὶ⾜ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡇࡣ↓ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪2012 ኚ␗ᰴ ࡀධࡋࡓ 2012/13 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡣ㸪ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥᙜึ NoV ឤᰁ㛵㐃ࡢṚ⪅ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ㸪 1000 ேࢆ㉸࠼ࡿつᶍ 27 44 3 ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋࡓ ࡢ㣗୰ẘࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ࡞㸪NoV ὶ⾜ࡀ♫ၥ㢟ࡋ 71 ࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ 2012 ኚ␗ᰴචࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸ឤཷᛶ⪅ࡀከ ࢆ Table 2 ♧ࡋࡓ㸬NoV Gϩ 71 ᳨యࡘ࠸࡚㑇ఏᏊ ࡗࡓࡇࡀ୍ᅉ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬 2012 ኚ␗ᰴࡢฟ⌧ᮇ ࡸᆅᇦࡣ࡛᫂࠶ࡿࡀ㸪᭱ึࡢⓎぢࡽᅜෆࡢධࡀ ᆺูࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇࢁ㸪Gϩ/2, Gϩ/3, Gϩ/4, Gϩ/12 ࠾ࡼ ▷ᮇ㛫࡛㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽ㸪ᚋࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ኚ␗ᰴࡢᣑ ࡧ Gϩ/13 ࡢ 5 㑇ఏᏊᆺࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ࠺ࡕ Gϩ/4 ࡶ▷ᮇ㛫࡛㉳ࡇࡿࡶࡢᛮࢃࢀ㸪┴ෆ࡛ࡢኚ␗ᰴฟ⌧ ࡣ㸪2011/12 ࢩ࣮ࢬ᳨ࣥฟࡉࢀࡓ NoV Gϩࡢ࠺ࡕ ᑐࡍࡿ┘どࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 66.7%㸦18/27㸧ࢆ㸪ࡲࡓ 2012/13 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡢ 95.4% ARV ࡣ⾲㠃ᢠཎ࡛࠶ࡿ VP7 ⺮ⓑ㸦G ⾑Ύᆺ㸧࠾ࡼࡧ 㸦42/44㸧ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᑠඣ࠾ࡅࡿ NoV ឤᰁࡢయ VP4 ⺮ⓑ㸦P ⾑Ύᆺ㸧ࡢ 2 ✀ࡢᢠཎࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡛ศ㢮 ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬 ࡉࢀ࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㡿ᇦࢆᶆⓗࡋࡓ RT-PCR ἲ࡛㑇ఏ 60 ᰴࡢ Gϩ/4 ࡘ࠸࡚⣔⤫ᶞゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪3 ࡘ ࡢࢡ࣮ࣞࢻศ㢮ࡉࢀࡓ㸦Fig. 2㸧 㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪2006b 㢮 ఝ ᰴ ࡀ 19 ᰴ 㸪 2009a 㢮 ఝ ᰴ ࡀ 2 ᰴ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ Sydney/NSW0514/2012/AU㸦JX459908㸧㢮ఝᰴࡀ 39 ᰴ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬Sydney/NSW0514/2012/AU㸦JX459908㸧 ࡣ 2012 ᖺ 3 ᭶࣮࢜ࢫࢺ᳨࡛ࣛࣜฟࡉࢀࡓ Gϩ/4 ࡢ ኚ␗ᰴ࡛㸪Gϩ/4 2012 ኚ␗ᰴ௬⛠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 13,14)㸬 Gϩ/4 2012 ኚ␗ᰴࡣࡑࡢࡢࡕ 2012 ᖺ 8 ᭶㤶 㸪9 ᭶࣓࡛ࣜ࢝ࡶ᳨ฟࡉࢀ㸪ୡ⏺ⓗ࡞ᣑࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡓ㸬ࡇࡢኚ␗ᰴࡣ┴ෆ࡛ࡣ 2012 ᖺ 10 ᭶ึࡵ᳨࡚ฟ ࡉࢀࡓࡢࡕᛴ㏿ቑຍࡋ࡚㸪2012/13 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡣ Gϩ /4 ࡢ 92.9% (39/42)ࢆ༨ࡵࡿ⮳ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡇࡽ┴ ෆ࡛ࡣ 2012/13 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥᙜึࡽࡇࡢኚ␗ᰴࡀᛴ㏿ᣑ ࡋ㸪ὶ⾜ࡢయ࡞ࡗࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬 Ꮚᆺูࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ 㸦Table 3㸧 㸬 ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ 54 ᳨యࡣ G1P[8]㸪 G2P[4]㸪G3P[8]࠾ࡼࡧ G9P[8]ࡢ 4 㑇ఏᏊᆺศ㢮ࡉࢀ ࡓ㸬2011/12 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡣ㸪G1P[8]ࡀ 60.0%(15/25)᭱ࡶ ከ ࡃ ᳨ ฟ ࡉ ࢀ 㸪 ḟ ࠸ ࡛ G9P[8](32.0%) ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ G3P[8](8.0%)ࡢ㡰ከࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪2012/13 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥ ࡣ G9P[8]ࡀ 65.5%᭱ࡶከࡃ㸪ḟ࠸࡛ G1P[8](27.6%) ࠾ࡼࡧ G2P[4](6.9%)ࡢ㡰ከࡗࡓ㸬ୡ⏺୰᳨࡛ฟࡉࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿ㔝⏕ᰴࡢ㒊ศࡣ㸪G1P[8]㸪G2P[4]㸪G3P[8]㸪 G4P[8]㸪G9P[8]ࡢ 5 ✀㢮࡛༨ࡵࡽࢀ 16)㸪┴ෆ࡛ࡶྠᵝ ࡢഴྥࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ὶ⾜ᰴࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺࡣᆅᇦࡸᮇࡼ ࡗ࡚ኚࡍࡿࡀ㸪┴ෆ࡛ࡣ 2 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡶ G1P[8]࠾ࡼ ࡧ G9P[8]ࡀከࡃࢆ༨ࡵ㸪ࡇࢀࡽ 2 ࡘࡢᆺࡀせ࡞ὶ⾜ ᰴ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬 2012/13 ࢩ࣮ࢬ᳨ࣥฟࡉࢀࡓ G1P[8]ᰴࡢ VP7 ࢆࢥ Gϩ/4 ࡣ 2006/07 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥ 2006b ᆺศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿ᪂ ࣮ࢻࡍࡿ㡿ᇦ㸦1062bp㸧࠾ࡼࡧ VP4 ࡢ୍㒊㡿ᇦࡢሷ ࡓ࡞ኚ␗ᰴࡀฟ⌧ࡋ㸪▷ᮇ㛫࡛ୡ⏺୰ᣑࡋ࡚ὶ⾜ ᇶ㓄ิࡘ࠸࡚㸪DDBJ ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡢ BLAST ࡼࡿ － 26 － රᗜ┴❧ᗣ⏕ά⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᗣ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮◊✲ሗ࿌ ➨ ྕ Hyogo/8644/2013 Hyogo/8682/2013 Hyogo/8429/2012 Hyogo/8415/2012 Hyogo/8385/2012 Hyogo/8384/2012 Hyogo/8462/2012 Hyogo/8428/2012 Hyogo/8427/2012 Hyogo/8426/2012 Hyogo/8408/2012 Hyogo/8407/2012 Hyogo/8379/2012 Hyogo/8377/2012 Hyogo/8376/2012 Hyogo/8375/2012 Hyogo/8374/2012 Hyogo/8372/2012 Hyogo/8371/2012 Hyogo/8370/2012 Hyogo/8369/2012 Hyogo/8368/2012 Hyogo/8367/2012 Hyogo/8365/2012 Hyogo/8364/2012 Hyogo/8350/2012 Hyogo/8349/2012 Hyogo/8315/2012 Hyogo/8463/2012 Hyogo/8582/2013 Hyogo/8586/2012 Hyogo/8603/2013 Hyogo/8604/2013 Hyogo/8605/2013 Hyogo/8348/2013 Sydney/NSW 0514/2012/AU(JX459908) Hyogo/8566/2012 Hyogo/8378/2012 Hyogo/8645/2013 Hyogo/8646/2013 2006a_Terneuzen70/2006(EF126964) 2008a_Apeldoorn317/2007(AB445395) Hyogo/7272/2012 Hyogo/7278/2012 2009a_New Orleans1805/2009(GU445325) Lordsdale_G2/4(X86557) Bristol_G2/4(X76716) Hyogo/7169/2012 Hyogo/7770/2012 Hyogo/7180/2012 Hyogo/7591/2012 Hyogo/7582/2012 Hyogo/7297/2012 Hyogo/7042/2011 Hyogo/7599/2012 2006b_Kobe034/2006(AB291542) 2006b_Nijmegen115/2006(EF126966) Hyogo/7251/2012 Hyogo/7254/2012 Hyogo/7256/2012 Hyogo/8373/2012 Hyogo/8366/2013 Hyogo/8351/2012 Hyogo/7271/2012 Hyogo/7285/2012 Hyogo/7286/2012 Hyogo/7287/2012 Hyogo/7429/2012 G2/3_SaitamaU201(AB067542) Table 3 ARV genotypes detected from clinical specimens of infectious gastroenteritis (2011/12-2012/13 season) Genotype G1P䠷8䠹 G2P䠷4䠹 G3P䠷8䠹 G9P䠷8䠹 2011/12 15 2012/13 8 2 Total 23 2 Total 2 8 25 19 29 2 27 54 SaV ࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ 13 ᳨యࡘ࠸࡚㑇ఏᏊᆺูࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓࡇࢁ㸪GϨ/2 ࡀ 4 ᳨య᭱ࡶከࡃ㸪ḟ࠸࡛ Gϫ/1 ࡀ 3 ᳨య㸪GϨ/1 ࡀ 2 ᳨య㸪GϨ/3㸪Gϩ/1㸪Gϩ/2 ࠾ࡼࡧ Gϩ/3 ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀ 1 ᳨యࡎࡘ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ㸬┴ෆ࡛ࡣࡇࡢ 2 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡢ㛫㑇ఏᏊᆺ GϨ/2 ࡼࡿᡂேࡢ㣗୰ẘ ࡀ 3 Ⓨ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡇࡽ㸪ᚑ᮶ᑠඣࡢ⫶ ⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ SaV ࡣ 17)㸪ᡂே㛫࡛ࡶ ὶ⾜ࡍࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬㏆ᖺ㸪ឡ▱┴ 18)ࡸᕝᓮ ᕷ 19)➼ࡽࡶGϨ/2 ࡼࡿ㣗୰ẘࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪 ᚋࡢ㣗୰ẘ᳨ᰝ࠾࠸࡚ὀ┠ࡍࡁ࢘ࣝࢫᛮࢃࢀ ࡿ㸬 AstV ࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ 6 ᳨యࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺࡣ㸪 1 ᆺࡀ 4 ᳨య㸪 4 ᆺࡀ 2 ᳨య࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬᳨ฟࡉࢀࡿ AstV ࡣ⫶⭠⅖࢘ ࣝࢫయ༨ࡵࡿẚ⋡ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢ㸪㧗㱋⪅タ࠾ ࡅࡿ㞟ᅋឤᰁ 20)ࡸ㸪༓ⴥ┴ࡢᑠᏛᰯࡸಖ⫱ᡤ࠾ࡅࡿ 4 ᆺ࠾ࡼࡧ 5 ᆺࡼࡿつᶍ࡞㞟ᅋឤᰁࡶሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 21)㸬ᚑ᮶㸪⛥ࡋ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ NoV ࡀ⌧ᅾࡢࡼ࠺ ࡞つᶍឤᰁࢆ㉳ࡇࡍ⮳ࡗࡓ⌧≧ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ㸪ᚋࡶ NoV ࡸ ARV ௨እࡢ᳨ฟࡢᑡ࡞࠸⫶⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫࡘ ࠸࡚ࡶືྥὀどࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ϫ せ ᪨ 㻜㻚㻜㻡 Fig. 2 Phylogenetic tree of NoV Gϩ/4 based on capsid N/S region in Hyogo prefecture 2011 ᖺ 9 ᭶ࡽ 2013 ᖺ 8 ᭶ࡲ࡛ཎయᐃⅬ࡛᥇ྲྀ ࡉࢀࡓᩓⓎᛶឤᰁᛶ⫶⭠⅖ᝈ⪅ࡢ⣅౽ 415 ᳨యࡘ࠸࡚ ┦ྠᛶ᳨⣴ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬⌧ᅾᅜෆ࡛ࡣ༢౯࣡ࢡࢳࣥࡢࣟࢱ ⫶⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫ᥈⣴ࢆ⾜࠸㸪161 ᳨య㸦38.8%㸧ࡽ⫶ ࣜࢵࢡࢫ®㸪㸳౯࣡ࢡࢳࣥࡢࣟࢱࢸࢵࢡ®ࡀ௵ព᥋✀࡛ ⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫࢆ᳨ฟࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢෆヂࡣ㸪NoV Gϩࡀ 71 ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ゎᯒࡋࡓ 1 ᰴࡣࣟࢱࣜࢵࢡࢫ® ᳨య㸦᳨ฟ⋡ 44.1%㸧 㸪ARV ࡀ 54 ᳨య㸦33.5%㸧 㸪EAdV 100%ሷᇶ㓄ิࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇࡽ㸪࣡ࢡࢳࣥ⏤᮶ ࡀ 15 ᳨య㸦9.3%㸧 㸪SaV ࡀ 13 ᳨య㸦8.1%㸧 㸪HAstV ࡀ ᰴ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪ࡇࡢୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ࡽࡣ 6 ᳨య㸦3.7%㸧 㸪CRV ࡀ 2 ᳨య㸦1.2%㸧࡛㸪NoV Gϩ NoV Gϩࡶ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵ㸪Ⓨࡀ࣡ࢡࢳࣥ᥋✀ࡼࡿ ARV ࡀせ࡞ཎᅉ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬NoV Gϩ/4 ࡢ⣔⤫ᶞゎᯒ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ࡛᫂࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡛ࡣ㸪2012/13 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥ Gϩ/4 ࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ኚ␗ᰴࡢ┴ෆ 2011 ᖺࡽᅜෆ࡛ࡣ ARV ࣡ࢡࢳࣥ᥋✀ࡀ㛤ጞࡉࢀ࡚ ࠾ࡾ㸪⌧ᅾᢎㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 2 ✀ࡢ࣡ࢡࢳࣥᰴ㔝⏕ᰴ㛫 ࡢධࡸὶ⾜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ㸪ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥẖࡢὶ⾜ᰴࡢ≉ᛶ ࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ࡢ㑇ఏᏊ⤌࠼㸦㞟ྜ㸧࢘ࣝࢫࡢ┘どࡸ㸪࣡ࢡࢳࣥ ⫶⭠⅖࢘ࣝࢫࡢ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞ὶ⾜ᰴࡢᢕᥱࡸゎᯒࡣ㸪 ᥋✀ࡼࡿⓎண㜵ࡸ㔜ࡢῶᑡࡢᢕᥱࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓ つᶍ࡞ឤᰁࡸ㣗୰ẘண㜵᭷⏝࡞ሗ࡞ࡿᛮࢃࢀ ࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡿ㸬 － 27 － ⫶⭠⅖㸬ឤᰁᏛ㞧ㄅ㸪77㸪53-59 (2003) ㅰ ㎡ 10) Sakamoto, T., Negishi, H., Wang, Q. H., Akihara, ឤᰁⓎ⏕ືྥㄪᰝࡈ༠ຊ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓරᗜ┴ᗣ⚟ S., Kim, B., Nishimura, S., Kaneshi, K., ♴㒊ᗣᒁᑐ⟇ㄢ࠾ࡼࡧ᳨య᥇ྲྀࡈ༠ຊ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ Nishimura, ࡓ㛵ಀᶵ㛵ࡢⓙᵝ᪉῝ㅰ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍ㸬 epidemiology of astroviruses in Japan from 1995 T., Ushijima, H.: Molecular to 1998 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with serotype-specific primers (1 to ᩥ ⊩ 1) 2) 3) 4) 8). J. Med. Virol., 61, 326-331 (2000) ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤ㸸IDWR ឤᰁⓎ⏕ືྥㄪᰝ㐌 ⭷⇕࣭ὶ⾜ᛶゅ⤖⭷⅖᳨ᰝ,デ᩿࣐ࢽࣗࣝ(➨ 2 ∧) 㧘ఏ㸪ᴮᮏ⨾㈗㸪㏆ᖹ㞞Ⴙ㸸2009/10 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥ (2012) රᗜ┴࡛ὶ⾜ࡋࡓࣀࣟ࢘ࣝࢫࡢศᏊᏛࡼ 12) ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤឤᰁሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸸IASR ཎ ࡿὶ⾜ᐇែㄪᰝ㸬රᗜ┴❧ᗣ⏕ά⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᗣ ᚤ⏕≀᳨ฟሗ㸦᭶ሗ㸧 㸪33㸪➨ 12 ྕ㸪333-334(2012) ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮◊✲ሗ࿌㸪➨ 2 ྕ㸪10-14 (2011) 13) ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤឤᰁሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸸IASR ཎ Zhou, Y., Nakayama, M., Hasegawa, A., Kim, B., ᚤ⏕≀᳨ฟሗ㸦᭶ሗ㸧 㸪34㸪➨ 2 ྕ㸪45-49 (2013) Nishio, O., Ushijima, H.: Serotypes of human 14) Siebenga J J, Vennema H, Renckens B, de Bruin rotaviruses in 7 regions of Japan from 1984 to E, van der Veer B, Siezen R J, Koopmans M : 1997. ឤᰁᏛ㞧ㄅ㸪73 (1), 35-42 (1999) Epochal evolution of GGϩ.4 norovirus capsid ཌ⏕ປാ┬་⸆㣗ရᒁ㣗ရᏳ㒊┘どᏳㄢ㛗㏻ proteins from 1995 to 2006. J Virol, 81, 9932-9941 ▱㸸ࣀࣟ࢘ࣝࢫࡢ᳨ฟἲࡘ࠸࡚㸬ᖹᡂ 15 ᖺ 11 (2007) ᭶ 5 ᪥㸪㣗Ᏻ┘Ⓨ 1105001 ྕ (2003) 5) 15) ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤឤᰁሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸸IASR ཎ Kageyama, T., Shinohara, M., Uchida, K., ᚤ⏕≀᳨ฟሗ㸦᭶ሗ㸧 㸪32㸪➨ 3 ྕ㸪61-66 (2011) Fukushi, S., Katayama, K.: Coexistence of 16) Chiba, S., Nakata, S., Numata-Kinoshita, K., multiple Genotypes, including newly identified Honma, S.: Sapporo virus: history and recent genotypes, in outbreaks of gastroenteritis due to Norovirus in Japan. J. Clin. Microbiol., 42 (7), ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤ㸸ཎయ᳨ฟ࣐ࢽࣗࣝ ࢘ࣝ 8) J.: 19) Marshall, J. A., Bruggink, L. D., Sturge, K., Rotavirus genotyping: keeping up with an Subasinghe, N., Tan, A., Hogg, G. G.: Molecular evolving population of human rotaviruses. J. Clin. features Virol., 31 (4), 259-265 (2004) gastroenteritis outbreak in an aged-care centre. Okada, M., Yamashita, Y., Oseto, M., Shinozaki, Eur. J.Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 26 (1), 67-71 K.: The detection of human sapoviruses with (2007) Iturriza-Gomara, M., Kang, G., Gray, universal and genogroup-specific primers. Arch. of astrovirus associated with a 20) ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤឤᰁሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸸IASR ཎ ᚤ⏕≀᳨ฟሗ㸦᭶ሗ㸧 㸪34㸪➨ 7 ྕ㸪205-206 (2013) Virol., 151 (12), 2503-2509 (2006) 9) 18) ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤឤᰁሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸸IASR ཎ ➨ 11 ྕ㸪 323-324 (2010) ᚤ⏕≀᳨ฟሗ 㸦᭶ሗ㸧 㸪 31㸪 ࢫᛶୗ⑩᳨ᰝ࣐ࢽࣗࣝ㸦➨ 3 ∧㸧(2003) 7) findings. J. Infect. Dis., 181, 303-308 (2000) 17) ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤឤᰁሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸸IASR ཎ ➨ 11 ྕ㸪 322-323 (2010) ᚤ⏕≀᳨ฟሗ 㸦᭶ሗ㸧 㸪 31㸪 2988-2995 (2004) 6) 11) ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤ㸸ཎయ᳨ฟ࣐ࢽࣗࣝ ဗ㢌⤖ ሗ㸪5㸪➨ 11 ྕ㸪14-16 (2003) ⴱ㇂ග㝯㸪⸨⌮ὠᚿ㸪℈㔝㞞Ꮚ㸪ᑠ⫕㸸ᩍ⫱◊ ಟタ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓࣄࢺC⩌ࣟࢱ࢘ࣝࢫࡼࡿ㞟ᅋ － 28 － [ᖹᡂ 26 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 1 ᪥ཷ⌮]
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