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Beam-view
40
µm
20
τ
γ
50mrad
0
1000
2000
Hadron
Unknown
100mrad
150mrad
EXP.: DONUT
3039/01910
MOD.:ECC1
Em.
Em. Em.
Fe
Base
Em. Em.
Fe
Base
Em. Em.
Fe
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1
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0.4
0.4
0.3
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0.1
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10
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100
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10
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neutrino energy (GeV)
Brick finding efficiency
Brick finding efficiency
neutrino energy (GeV)
0
100
neutrino energy (GeV)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
neutrino energy (GeV)
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