Validation of a video game made for training

Validation of a video game
made for training
laparoscopic skills
Maarten B. Jalink
1
Validation of a video game made for training laparoscopic skills
Address for correspondence
M.B. Jalink
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen
Internal postal code FC33
P.O. Box 30 001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
[email protected]
© M.B. Jalink, 2014, Groningen, the Netherlands
All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, without the written permission from the author or,
when appropriate, from the publishers of the publications.
The printing of this thesis was financially supported by the University Medical Center
Groningen and the Graduate School of Medical Sciences.
A full financial disclaimer can be found in the appendix of this thesis.
ISBN
978-90-367-7251-8 (printed version)
978-90-367-7252-5 (electronic version)
Cover
“Underground title screen”, Lieuwe de Wit, senior artist Grendel Games B.V.
Printing
NetzoDruk Groningen B.V.
2
Validation of a video game
made for training
laparoscopic skills
Proefschrift
ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
op gezag van de
rector magnificus prof. dr. E. Sterken
en volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties.
De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op
woensdag 17 december 2014 om 12:45 uur
door
Maarten Bernhardus Jalink
geboren op 22 mei 1988
te Winschoten
3
Promotores
Prof. dr. E. Heineman
Prof. dr. J.P.E.N. Pierie
Beoordelingscommissie
Prof. dr. H.J. Bonjer
Prof. dr. I.A.M.J. Broeders
Prof. dr. R.P. Zwierstra
4
“Video games are bad for you?
That's what they said about rock-‘n-roll.”
Shigeru Miyamoto
(creator of Donkey Kong, Super Mario,
and The Legend of Zelda amongst others)
Paranimfen
Marijn H. Parmentier, MA
Drs. Jetse Goris
5
Table of contents
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Table of contents
6
Introduction and outline of this thesis
10
About (serious) games
10
Laparoscopy, training, and simulators
12
Underground
15
History and development
15
Technical details
18
Validation
21
Aim of this thesis
23
Outline of this thesis
24
References
25
The effects of video games on laparoscopic simulator skills
31
American Journal of Surgery. 2014 Jul;208(1):151-156. (IF 2.516)
Chapter 3
Introduction
32
Methods
32
Results
32
Game experience and basic laparoscopic skills
33
Games used to improve laparoscopic skills
36
Discussion
38
References
40
Training basic laparoscopic skills using a custom-made
45
video game
Perspectives on Medical Education. 2014 Sep;3(4):314-8.
6
Background
46
The game
47
Validation
48
Conclusion
49
References
50
Chapter 4
Face validity of a Wii U video game for training basic
53
laparoscopic skills
Accepted for publication (American Journal of Surgery, IF 2.516)
Introduction
Goals and hypothesis
Methods
55
56
Participants
56
Apparatus and tasks
56
Assessment
56
Evaluation
57
Results
57
Discussion
58
Limitations of the study
Chapter 5
54
59
References
60
Construct and concurrent validity of a Nintendo Wii video
63
game made for training basic laparoscopic skills.
Surgical Endoscopy. 2014 Feb;28(2):537-42. (IF 3.427)
Introduction
Goals and hypotheses
Methods
64
65
65
Participants
65
Apparatus and tasks
67
Assessment
68
Power analysis
68
Evaluation
69
Results
69
Construct validity
69
Concurrent validity
69
Discussion
Limitations of the study
70
71
Acknowledgements
71
References
72
7
Chapter 6
The effect of a preoperative warm-up with a custom-made
77
Nintendo video game on the performance of laparoscopic
surgeons
Surgical Endoscopy. 2014 Nov 1. [Epub ahead of print] (IF 3.427)
Introduction
Goals and hypothesis
Methods
80
80
Participants
80
Apparatus and tasks
81
Assessment
83
Power analysis
83
Evaluation
84
Ethics
84
Results
84
Discussion
86
Limitations of the study
Chapter 7
78
86
Conclusion
87
References
88
Is a Nintendo a dangerous Christmas present? A narrative
91
review of Nintendo-related injuries and other complaints
Accepted for publication (The BMJ – Christmas Edition 2014, IF 16.378)
8
Introduction
92
Methods
92
Results
92
Early reports
93
“Nintendinitis”
94
Enter the Wii
95
“Wiiitis”
96
“Wii Knee”
96
Surgerii
96
Discussion
97
References
98
Chapter 8
Discussion, conclusions, and future perspectives
102
Limitations of this thesis
105
This thesis lacks a decent content validity study
105
The long-term effect of Underground
106
Future perspectives
107
“More research is needed”
107
Further uses of the Underground hard- and software
107
Using Underground for measuring basic laparoscopic skills 108
Chapter 9
General conclusions and recommendations
110
References
111
Summaries
114
Summary in English
114
Samenvatting in het Nederlands
120
Soamenvatting in ’t Grönnens
127
Appendix
129
Questionnaires
131
Face validity questionnaire used in chapter 4
132
Intake questionnaire used in chapter 5
137
Intake questionnaire used in chapter 6
139
Disclaimer
140
Acknowledgements/Dankwoord
144
Scientific publications
149
Curriculum Vitae
151
9

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