LOOKING ON THE BRIGHT SIDE The neural basis of emotion processing and regulation in groups at increased risk for psychosis Jorien van der Velde Paranimfen: Michelle Servaas Nicky Klaasen Publication of this dissertation was supported by the Graduate School for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen. Cover design: Ilse van der Velde Lay-out: Jorien van der Velde Printed by: Ridderprint ISBN: 978-90-367-7460-4 (printed version) ISBN: 978-90-367-7459-8 (digital version) © 2014 J. van der Velde Looking on the bright side The neural basis of emotion processing and regulation in groups at increased risk for psychosis Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen op gezag van de rector magnificus Prof. Dr. E. Sterken en volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties. De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op woensdag 14 januari 2015 om 14.30 uur door Jorien van der Velde geboren op 6 april 1987 te Enschede Promotores Prof. dr. A. Aleman Prof. dr. D. Wiersma Copromotor Dr. R. Bruggeman Beoordelingscommissie Prof. dr. H. Swaab Prof. dr. R.P.C. Kessels Prof. dr. P. de Jonge CONTENTS Chapter 1 General introduction PART I ALEXITHYMIA Chapter 2 Neural correlates of alexithymia: A meta-analysis of emotion processing studies 21 Chapter 3 Dissociable morphometric profiles of the affective and cognitive dimensions of alexithymia 53 Chapter 4 Alexithymia influences brain activation during emotion perception but not regulation 67 Chapter 5 Cognitive alexithymia is associated with the degree of risk for psychosis 93 PART II SIBLINGS Chapter 6 Gray matter, an endophenotype for schizophrenia? A voxel-based morphometry study in siblings of patients with schizophrenia 109 Chapter 7 Emotion regulation in siblings of patients with schizophrenia: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study 121 PART III UHR INDIVIDUALS Chapter 8 Lower prefrontal activation during emotion regulation in subjects at ultra-high risk for psychosis 143 Chapter 9 Summary and general discussion 159 PART IV References 174 Abbreviations 198 Nederlandse samenvatting 202 Dankwoord 208 List of publications 212 Curriculum Vitae 214 Toelichting op de voorkant 216 7