FTNLS workshop New Frontiers in Neuroimaging Comparative Neuroanatomy Prof. dr. Sven Hendrix Dr. Evi Lemmens Dr. Nathalie Geurts Evolution of the nervous system in various animals http://lcn.brain.riken.jp/tool_kit_evolution.htm http://sites.sinauer.com/animalphys3e/boxex15.01.html Spinal cord *lower vertebrates: reflex organ, independent *higher vertebrates: ‘guidance’ organ, no independency * number of segment variable: 10 pair (amphibia) to > 400 pair (snakes) * morphology determined by way of movement: intumescentia only in animals with limbs * development ascending/descening tracts: lower vertebrates < higher vertebrates Brain * high variability without clear pattern * relationship with other variables? evolutionary steps environment-lifestyle sea lamprey diet locomotor complexity reproductive behaviour selection pressure Rhesus monkey * telencephalon: chordata < primates lissencephal ↔ gyrencephal opossum Brain/body size relationship cheetah lion rat giraffe chimpanzee mouse cat human rabbit dog goat macaque bear Comparison of vertebrate brains http://www.doctortee.com/dsu/tiftickjian/bio101/nervous-system.html http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Brain_evolution Basic plan of vertebrate brain: species differences http://universe-review.ca/R10-19-animals.htm Basic plan of vertebrate brain: species differences http://lasparanoias.blogspot.be/2007/01/enhanced-human-brain-as-result.html Er is een FOUT!! human brain vs. rat brain http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/addiction/genetics/neurobiol.html Refresher: anatomical directions http://homepage.smc.edu/russel_richard/Psych2/Graphics/human_brain_directions.htm House mouse (mus musculus) http://www.brainmuseum.org/index.html Brown rat (rattus norvegicus) Andriamampandry et al., Cloning of a rat brain succinic semialdehyde reductase involved in the synthesis of the neuromodulator g-hydroxybutyrate, 1998, Biochemical Journal, 334 (43–50) http://www.brainmuseum.org/index.html Domestic cat/dog hippocampi http://www.brainmuseum.org/index.html Red sheep http://homepages.wmich.edu/~bakerl/psy378/images/brains.html http://www.brainmuseum.org/index.html Rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) http://www.brainmuseum.org/index.html Chimpanzee http://www.brainmuseum.org/index.html Elephant Shoshani et al., Elephant brain Part I: Gross morphology, functions, comparative anatomy, and evolution, 2006, Brain Research Bulletin, 70 (124–157) http://www.brainmuseum.org/index.html Dolphin http://www.brainmuseum.org/index.html sagittaal https://www.msu.edu/~brains/brains/dolphin/stained/sagittal/1951.jpg Vergelijkende neuroanatomie Vergelijkende neuroanatomie HUMAN RAT Human vs. rat brain http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/addiction/genetics/neurobiol.html http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh284/213-221.htm Human vs. rat brain http://www.brainmuseum.org/index.html http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh284/213-221.htm Human vs. rat brain Human http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/addiction/genetics/neurobiol.html http://www.usm.edu/neurolab/AnimalModels.html rat The human & mouse brain Cryan et al., The ascent of mouse: advances in modelling human depression and anxiety, 2005, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 4 (775-790) Vergelijkende neuroanatomie Microscopie rathersenen Prof. dr. Sven Hendrix Dr. Evi Lemmens Dr. Nathalie Geurts Rat hersenen Let op: kleine verschillen met de vorige figuur! Vergelijkende neuroanatomie Irvine & Blakemore, Brain. 2008;131:1464-1477 High Resolution Mouse Brain Atlas (Sidman, et al.) High Resolution Mouse Brain Atlas (Sidman, et al.) High Resolution Mouse Brain Atlas (Sidman, et al.) High Resolution Mouse Brain Atlas (Sidman, et al.) High Resolution Mouse Brain Atlas (Sidman, et al.) High Resolution Mouse Brain Atlas (Sidman, et al.) High Resolution Mouse Brain Atlas (Sidman, et al.)
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