幻灯片 1

高考复习
---书面表达评析及指导
Chinglish
horse horse tiger tiger
open water
watch sister
up street buy things
give you some colour see see
heart flower angry open
I call Li old big. toyear 25.
American Chinese not enough
You see no see people mountain people
sea
You ask me , me ask who ?
How are you ? How old are you?
You no see, I now very busy. One side
play go!!!
We two who and who？
You give me stop!!
I had
breakfasteat
thisbreakfast.
morning.
this morning
Have
eat meal?
Goodyou
morning/afternoon/evening!
I'm
student.
I’maalarger
collegeschool
student.
I'm
very
like play
basketball.
I like
playing
basketball
very much.
We
hard study
study.hard.
We should
must work/
But
like listen
music.better.
But II better
like listening
to music
Live
to
old,
study
to
old.
It’s never too old to learn.
高考书面表达题型
•
•
•
•
应用文：书信、通知、便条
记叙文：看图作文、日记
说明文：人物介绍、活动
议论文：
高考书面表达评分原则以及给分范围
第五档（很好）：完全完成试题规定的任务
（21- 25分）
第四档（好）：完全完成试题规定的任务，
漏掉1、 2个次重点。
（16-20分）
第三档（适当）：基本完成试题规定的任务。
（11-15分）
第二档（较差）：末完成试题规定的任务。
（6-10分）
第一档（差）：末完成试题规定的任务。只能写出
与所给要求内容有关的一些单词。（1-5分）
未能传达读者任何信息：
0分。
半期考作文
假定你是李华, 你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你
的英语学习情况并希望你简单介绍自己家乡，请你根
据下列要点写回信。
要点:
1. 我学英语已经六年了，在老师和同学们的帮助下
取得了一些进步；
2. 但是总觉得英语难学，尤其是英语中的一些习惯
用法；
3. 今后一定要努力学习这门有用的外语，争取能用
流利的英语和你写信；
4. 我的家乡发生很大的变化，盖起了许多高楼，拓
宽了道路，变得越来越漂亮和现代化；
5. 如果有时间可以到中国来，我会带领你参观我的
家乡。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语已为你写好。
June 8, 2008
Dear Peter,
I'm very glad to receive
your letter. I will tell you
something about my English
study and hometown. ………….
read and write
find it hard
fluent English to write
Great changes
had taken place in my hometown
buildings
roads
widened
you come to China if you are free
It will be wonderful when
I will be glad to
show you around
语言不地道;中文式思维;语言错误较多，得分13分
progress
it
well
∧
widened
roads
are
My hometown is becoming more and more
词汇有错误;卷面有涂改;得20分.
learn
of the teachers and my
progress
read and write
it hard to learn
hard work.
write letters in fluent English
found
had become
Welcome to China if you have time
show you around
语言素质较好;基本功不差;语句仍有毛病；得15分.
影响书面表达得分的因素：
◆语言表达出现“大错误”及“小错误”
“大错误”包括时态错误、句子结构错误、中
式英语等，如：
1.My hometown had big change, build many
houses, ……
2. My hometown has great changes.
→Great changes had taken place in my hometown
there. For example, many new houses had been
built and roads had been widened.
3. If you get to China that have time, me with
you look my hometown.
→I hope you’l l get a chance to come to China and I’ll
show you around my hometown if you are free .
4. I will welcome to you.
→Welcome to China.
◆“小错误”主要是反应在个别单词拼写错误、
冠词介词使用不准确等方面,如：
Under my teacher and classmates all help
to me ,…….
→With the help of my teachers and classmates,……
◆没有使用高级词汇和复杂句
1. I will visit my hometown with you.
2. If you have time, I will take you to
travel around my hometown.
→I will show you around my hometown if
you are free.
◆书写是否工整清晰也会影
响答卷得分。卷面不整洁，
涂改多；大小写;标点符号;
书写不清，得分会很低！
Bad sample
;
次卷
不面
清不
整
得洁
11
分涂
改
较
多
语
言
错
误
多
层
;
;
;
◆
审题不认真，要点有所遗漏
注意：
1. 彻底理解题意，看准答题要求
（包括字数要求）。
2. 把内容要点在稿纸上列成提纲。
3. 连词成句，连句成文。
4.成文后认真检查，确信无一遗漏。
字数不够或未能传达读者任何信息，不得分。
书面表达评分最高标准（第五档 21---25分）
完全完成了试题规定的任务，覆盖
所有内容要点。
★ 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
★ 语法结构和词汇方面有些错误，但
为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇
所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。
★ 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，
使全文结构紧凑。
★
One possible versions:
June 8, 2008
Dear Peter,
I'm very glad to receive your letter. I will tell you something
about my English study and hometown.
It is six years since I began to learn English.
With the help of my teachers and classmates, I
have made some progress in English. However I
still find English hard to learn, such as some
difficult idioms which made me confused. No
matter how hard it is, I have made up my mind
to master this useful language by my hard work.
Not long ago I returned to my hometown
and found great changes had taken place
there. Many new houses had been built and
roads had been widened. My hometown is
getting modern and more and more
beautiful. I hope if you have a chance to
come to China and I ’ll show you around
my hometown when you are on leave.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
Six steps for writing (写作六步骤）
1. Cross-question(审题)
※ Main idea ※ Style
※ Verb tense ※ Person
2. Seize the major points
/key words (抓要点)
3.Arrangement(布局) ！
5. Express your opinion (发表观点）
passage
sentences
Conjunctions/ conjunctive adverbs
4. Sentences connection(连句)
Words/phrases
Sentences
6. Error correcting
( 查错改错)
增强书面表达效果的技巧
1. 使用较高级的词汇
技
2. 使用较丰富的句式
巧
3. 使用恰当的连接词
词汇反映你知识贮存量的
多少，也是衡量英语水平
的一个重要标志。
运用得当的句子结构可以
给文章增色不少，从而使
整篇文章因此而生辉。
使用恰当连接词，对写一
篇有“英语味”的文章很
重要，能使文章上下衔接
自然、紧凑。
I. 怎样使用较高级的词汇
1. Because the weather was good, our journey
was comfortable.
Thanks to the good weather, our journey was comfortable.
2.We all think he is a great man.
We all think highly of him .
3.Suddenly I thought out a good idea.
A good idea occurred to me.
/ A good idea suddenly struck me.
4.The students there needn’t pay for their books.
Books are free for the students there.
5. She went to Australia in order to study music.
She went to Australia for the purpose of studying
music.
6. When he spoke, he felt more and more
excited.
The more he spoke, the more excited he
felt.
II. 丰富的句式：(常用到的句型结构）
利用不同的句型来表达同一个意思，能增
加文章的文采。
1.感叹句
How happy I was when I received your letter!
2.强调句
It was this young boy who helped the old granny.
3.倒装句
Only in this way can you solve this problem.
4.省略句
They read while walking or riding on a bus.
5、with短语
I saw a young lady walking slowly in the street
with a handbag in her hand.
6、定语从句
Let’s come to the main teaching building, at
the back of which stands the school library.
7、各种名词性从句
That’s what I should do.
8、各种状语从句
Time passed quickly before we knew it.
III.常用的连接词
1. 表示递进;在同一话题上补充内容
另外，还有：what’s more; besides;
also; moreover; in addition
2. 表示转折关系
但是，然而，相反：but; however; yet;
instead; on the other hand;
on the contrary.
3. 表示因果关系
因为，因此，所以: since;
as;
because (of ); so; thus; therefore;
as a result;
4. 表示条件关系
如果，只要: if ;on condition ( that );
as long as
除非: unless 否则: or else
5. 表示时间关系
当… 的时候 : when ; while
在…之后: after 在…之前: before
直到: until
直到…才…: not……until……
一…就… : as soon as
后来，然后: later; afterwards
不久: soon
近来: lately; recently
自从… :since 从那时起: from then on
6. 表示特定的顺序关系
首先:firstly 最主要的: above all
其次: secondly 然后: then; next
最后: finally; in the end
7. 换一种方法表述
换句话说: in other words;
that is to say;
8. 进行举例说明
例如，比如: for instance; for example;
like; such as that is to say, namely,
actually, and so on, believe it or not,
to tell you the truth, for this reason
9. 用于陈述事实
实际上: in fact; actually;
as a matter of fact
跟你说实话 : to tell you the truth
10. 对一个话题进行总结
总而言之，总的来说:
on the whole; in short; all in all;
in general; in a word, finally, in
conclusion, generally speaking, as
you know, in the end ,
11. 其它常用到的副词
therefore ; otherwise ; finally ;
furthermore ;Thus ; namely ;
although ; afterwards ; personally;
12. 表示结果： thus, therefore, so, as a
result, seeing that, luckily,
unfortunately
13. 表示强调： above all, indeed, surely,
certainly, of course, after all, without
any delay, at least, at most , most
important, undoubtedly
Practice
请在下列句子中（间）填上恰当的关联词
或意思有联系的短语。
1. Xiao Ming was walking in the street
when he heard someone cry for help.
___________
before the police came .
2. It was not long _______
As soon as
3.___________he
heard the cry for help, he
jumped into the water to save the girl.
4. We can go downtown and do some
shopping. __________,
In addition we can pay a
visit to some places of interest.
5.I shared the cost of the gas with my
As a result I saved $80.
friends .___________,
6. Eating sugar is bad for our teeth.
What’s worse , it may make us fat.
___________
Pre-writing --- Fill in the blanks with the proper
words or phrases according to the meaning of the
passage:
World Englishes come from those countries
plays ____
an important
role ,
where English _____
_____ ____
either because of foreign rule _____
or because
international
of its special role as an i___________
language. Today, more people speak English
____ their
asfirst , second or foreign language
t____ ____
_____.
than
ever before
largest
China may have the l________
number
of English speakers. Native English
speakers can understand each other
even ______
if
_____
they don’t speak the
same kind of English. English has
over time. Nowadays the
changed ____
number of people learning
______ (学习)
is
English in China _____
increasing
rapidly (迅速地) .
_______
Writing
假定你是李华, 你的一位内地朋友张
贵来信向你咨询如何才能学好英语，请你
根据下列要点写回信.
要点:
1. 学英语的意义；
2. 参加英语口语学习班;
3. 看英文书刊、电视；
4. 学唱英文歌曲；
5. 与以英语为母语的人交朋友。
注意：
1. 词数100-120左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语已为你写好。
November 26, 2008
Dear Zhang,
I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my
advice on how to learn English well.
___________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
to use for business
to use in school
Why should we
learn English?
to talk to
native speakers
to write to pen friends
to read
English
books
to listen to English
music and watch movies
Brainstorming
• to take a spoken English course;
• read more English newspapers and
magazines ;
• watch more English TV programmes;
• to learn and sing English songs;
• make more English friends/ make
friends with the people who speak English
as their first language/mother tongue
在行文的整体性上，要合理使用到
一些连接词或短语结构，比如：
you’d better…;
I think…;
I suggest that….;
first/ at first/first of all…;
secondly; then; as a matter of
fact…; generally speaking;
I wish…/I hope…etc.

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