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蓄熱槽中の蓄熱要因レンガの表面形状と配列に対する熱
伝達および流れ特性の研究
アムバリータ, ヒムサール; 鈴木, 淳; 岸浪, 紘機; 台丸谷,
政志; 松坂, 覚
寒地技術論文・報告集, 21, pp.537-542, 2005
2005
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/1614
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Journal Article
See also Muroran-IT Academic Resources Archive Copyright Policy
Muroran Institute of Technology
第21回寒地技術シンポジウム
2005年12月５，８，７日
ＣＴＣＯ５−Ｉ−０８４
蓄熱槽中の蓄熱要因レンガの表面形状と酉日
列に対する熱伝達および流れ特性の研究
ヒムサール･アムバリータ
(室蘭工業大学）
〃
鈴木淳
〃
岸浪紘機
台丸谷政志（〃
松坂覚
⑧
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〃
ＡＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａＩＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＦｌｏｗａｎｄＨｅａｔＴransferCharacteristics
骨
ＣＲＴＣ
forBrick'ｓＡ『TangementandSurfaceFominaRockBedHeat
StorageSystem
HAmbarita（MuroranlnstituteofTechnology）
Ｊ､Ｓｗｎ'kｌ（MuroranInstituteofTechnology）
Ｋ､Kishin潟ｍｉ（MuroranlnstituteofTechnology）
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Ｓ､Matu咳負い（MuroranInstituteofTechnology）
Abstract
Thispaperattemptstostudynumerica]lyheattrans他randnuidmowcharacteristiofbrbrick(s)elementinarock
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paranelwiththestreamflowwerestudied,Thebrickwasheateｄｂｙｈｏｔａｉｒ５０ｏＣａｎｄｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ０．１ｍ/shominitialcondition
20oC,Ｌａｍｍａｒ,transientandtwo-dimensionalgovermngequationsaresolvedbyusingSIMPLEalgorithm､Thecalculation
resultsshowthatthepresenceofthedimplesonbricksur色cesdidnotenhanoetheheattransfbrratefromtheairmtothe
brick、Ｔｈｅinc]inepositionofthebricktowardupstreamenhancestheheattransibrratesigniEcantly・Basedonthese
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tankwithinclmedpositionsofbricksrevealthebetterperfbrmanceofstoringheatfromthehotajrcomparedtothe
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Keywords:bricks,heatstorage,plainsurface/discontinuoussurfaceofbrick,inclinedarrangement
１．Introduction
Solarenergyhasrecejvedbigconsiderationsln
recentyearsdueto］imitationoffossilsourceenergy、
Althoughthesolarenergyisabundantbuttherearemany
problemstobeagednstwhenusmgsolarenergyNoticeable
example，ｌｏｗｑｕａ]ityofheatandstronglydependon
weather・Baseｄｏnthoseproblemsithasbeenrealizedthat
difficulttodoconverslonsolarenergytothehighleve］
energysuchasmechanicalenergyorelectric8jenergy、
FromefEciencyandeffbctivenesspｏｉｎｔｏｆｖｉｅｗ，
usmgsolarenergyasaheatisbetterthantransformitto
theotherenergyfbrmTherefbre,ｕｓｅｔｈｅｓｏlarenergyasa
heatsourceforroomheatinginthewinterseasonlsa
ｏｆａｓｅｔｏｆｂｒｉｃｋｓａｓａｈｅａｔｓｔｏｒａｇｅｔａnkelement，
Theobjectiveofthisresearchistostudytllenuid
Howandheattrans色rcharacteristicoftheheatstoragｅ
ｔａｎｋｂｙｕｓｍｇａｓｅｔｏｆｔｈｅｂＩｉｃｋｓ・Ｔｈｅｅｍｐｈａｓｉｓｏｆｔｈｉｓ
ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｉｓｔｏｍａｋｅｃｌｅａｒｔｈｅｅ鮭ｃｔｏｆｔｈｅｂｒｉｃｋｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｓ
ａｎｄｂｒｉｃｋｓurfacesonthefluidnowandheattransfer
charactelistics、Theresultscanbeexpectedfromthis
studyistosupplyanecessaryinformationofbricksheat
storagetankdesignandoptimization．
2．Problemdehmtion皿dmode]jng
lnordertoacquiretheseobjectivestwommnparts
ofnumericalcalculationswerecarriedout･Thefirst
promisingapp]ication、However』thisapplicationstin
calculationlsabasicstudyontheinnuenceofabrick
needsanmnOvation．Ａｈｅａｔstoragetankisneeded
becausethedｊｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅｕｓｉｎｇｔｉｍｅａｎｄｔｈｅａv8jlable
timeofthesolarenergy,AmaJorpartofstoringenergy
problｅｍｌｉｅｓｉｎｔｈenuidnowcharacteristicandheat
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foraheatstoragetanksystemwhichcontamsasetof
bricks、Thebrickssur色cesandpositionsinthesecond
transfer,Powerupperibrmanceoftheheatstoｒａｇｅｔａｎｋｉｓ
ａｍｏｓｔｔｏｌ〕ｉｃｉｎｔｈｉｓａｒｅａ・Thereareseveraltechmquesm
orderｔｏｓｔｏｒｅｔｈｅｈｅａｔｉ.e，usmgPCMmaterial，porous
medium,ａｎｄｓｅｔｓｏｆｂｒｉｃｋ､Inthjspaper,ｗｅｆｂｃｕｓｏｎｕｓｉｎｇ
Inthefirstcalculation，ａｂｒｉｃｋｉｓｈｅａｔｅｄｂｙｈｏｔａｉｒ
５００Ｃｗｉｔｈveloc此ｙ０．１ｍ/ｓｈ，ominitialtemperature200C・
Ahorizontalbrickwiththreediffもrentsurfacesl‘e・plain
surface，ｄｉscontinuoussurfaceswithsquaredimples，ａｎｄ
calculationarebasedontheresultofthefirstcalculation・
ＡＭＢＡＲＩＴＡＨｉｍｓａｒ,MuroranlnstituteofTechnologybMuroranshiMizumotocho27･ｌＯ５０−００７１ＪＡＰＡＮＴｅｌ、０１４３−４６．５３０２
−５３７−
第２１回寒地技術シンポジウム（2005）
triangledimPleswerestudied・Thentheplamblickin
Ｃｏｍｂｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｉｎ−ｍｎｅａｎｄｓｔａggeredwith
inc]inedPosition（450)towardtotheupstreamwerealso
thehorizontalandinc]inedpositionsofthebrickswere
studied・PositionsofthebricksaredepicteｄｉｎＦｉｇｕｒｅｌ・
considered、Thesecombinationsweredjvidedintofour
rIiffbrentmodelsandnamedasfollows・
②
ひ｡。＝0.1"1／ｓ
鵬
，￨
Model-1:Heatstoragewithin-Iinehorizontalbricks
Model-2:HeatStoragewithstaggeredhorizontalbricks
Model-3:HeatStoragewithin-linemc]inedbrioks
ハーｌ︸杵ｇｏヨコＴｌ上
Ｔ＝５０oＣ
↓↓↓↓↓↓↓
トー300-う（
Model-4:HeatStoragewithstaggeredinchnedbricks．
Ａ]lofthemodelsaredepictedinFigurｅ２，Figure
3,Figure4,ａｎｄＦｉｇｕｒｅ５．
一L=1000ｍｍ
(
a
）
灘
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→……､…昼………蕊…Ｊ≦
Ａｌ〈産1000mｍ＞,Ｂ
Figure4Model-8:In-hneinclmedbricksarrangement
（
b
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Inthesecondpartofcalculation，aheatstorage
tankthatcontainsasetofplainbrioksisheatedbyhotair
500CwithvelocityO,１ｍ/shominitialtemperature200C・
ThereasonofusingtheplEdnsurfacesofthebrickswj1lbe
explainednextintheresultpartofthisPaper．
０
伽鋼職蝿
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Figure5Model-4Staggeredinchnedbricksarrangement
獄側鵬職｜剛剛脇蝿、棚、
￨蕊職｜｜鯛綱｜蝿剛Ｉ剛､Ｍ１､剛I’
3．Mathematicalmodel
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two-dimensional･Thecompressibi]ity，radiationheat
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Anofthethermalpropertiesareoonstant､Thegovernmg
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Continuityequation
L26onun-
１１８０ｍｍ
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窯池
聖馴Ｉ哩
538
’一一ｎ
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１｜βｋ｜碑︾
Figure8Model-2:Staggeredhorizontalbricks
脚一妙趣釘﹄砂姉
￨劇雑鼎錨Ｉ−１抑日:捧紳:＝
１
ａ十ｍ
帥一欲平諏一欧可
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蝿癖銅一騨蝿識
︾蝿蝿鋼蝉鏑一
瞬唖蝿一蝿蝿銅
︾蝿麺鍛鯛蝿一
ｒ＝m“
癖癖麺一蝿蝿蝿
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(
2
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(
8
)
(
4
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第２１回寒地技術シンポジウム（2005）
r""……’二,-0‘祭-．
(
5
)
Theinlet：〃＝Ｕ…ｖ＝0,Ｔ＝Zo
(
6
)
Figure6Thebluecolorindicatesthelowertemperature
andtheredcolorhighertemperature、Ｔｈｅｉｎｃｒｅｍｅｎｔｌｎ
ｔｈｅｆｉｇｕｒｅｉｓｌＯ％ofthehighestandlowesttemperature，
Ｔｈｅｆｉｇｕｒｅｓｈｏｗｓｔｈａｔａｔｔｈｅｌｅｆｔｓｉｄｅｏｆｔｈｅｂｒｉｃｋ
(upstream)theisotherm]inesarecloselyduetothehigher
T
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(
7
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heattransfbrrate・Baseｄｏnthedensityoftheisotherm
linesinsidethebrick，thefiguresshowthattheheat
Brickregionsz4＝,ノー０
(
8
)
transferratethroughtheleftandrightsides（upstream
anddownstream)ofthebrickarehigherthanthatofthe
topandthebottomsides、n1eisotherm]inesaresmooth
duetoplainsurface・Thereisnosignificantdjfferentof
Totalheatstoredbybricksiscalculatedby：
isotherm1inesfbrmofthedisContinuoussurfacebricksand
ｇ‘｡,＝Ｚｐか虚心雲c‘(zルー囚"）
theplainbricks（theisotherm］inesfordiscontinuous
(
9
)
bricksarenotshown)．
融串●Ｎ●．・き●・聯・り
Therateoftheheattransfbrbetweenthebrickandtheair
＃
i
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，富z噺…+z鋤劃…！”
q
１鑑謹
癖韓『;#諜緯撚羅;;M蕊？『蕊蕊織罰
21.8.
Equation（１０）ｉsusedwhentheparticularnodeoftl'e
蝉#溌燕識溌憩
４
２
．
３
７
４r＝lｈ
brickshasbothverticalandhorizontalcontactsurfacesto
識識韓韓韓:識騨i鍔剥
２
４
‘
7
９
イ
4
,
1
5
7
４/＝2ｈ
theair・Ifthenodehasonlyonecontactsurfａｃｅｔｏｔｈｅａｉｒ
ｏｎｌｙｏｎｅｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅｅｑｕation（10)isapplied,verticalor
h
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Thermalproperties，ｋｑｐ，Ｐ，respectively
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densityOKg/ｍ３)ofthematenalsarelistedasfollows・The
燃溌寵鍵溌鍵錘蕊謹選騨織鐘鍛錨脹蝿翻蝿禰癖閥零関顕瞬詞..."..:溺・鑑銅
２７．６９ 4 5 . 7 8 弱 , 縮 4 7 . 8 4
bricksA=0.1,ｃ宏0.67,Ｐ＝1984,ａｎｄｆｂｒａｉｒＡ=0.026,
0p＝1.006,Ｐ＝1.165.Theinterfaceconductivitiesduetonon
４r＝8ｈ４j＝6h
Figure61sothermlmesinsidethebrickforhorizonta］
plainbrick
uniformconductivitiesofthematerialmsidethe
computationaldomainwerehandledbyharmonicmean
conductivities．
4．Solution皿ethods
Ｉ
︾卿
層謹鱗
評鐸
｝
O
frominletareais≦10-3)．Basedonthisprocedurethe
﹄癖
︵つ茎︶で①﹄○︾叫︺再⑳工
００
０００
０００
０００
５
３３５
２２５
１１５
A]lofthegovemmgequationsarediscretized
basedoncontrolvolumeapproachonstaggeredgrid
system、Inordertoavoidthephysicallyunrealisticresult
duetotlmestepofthetransientproblemthefUⅡyimphcit
schemeisadopted、TohandUetheconvective-djffusio、
problem，ｔｈｅｐｏｗｅｒｌａｗｓｃｈｅｍｅ１ｓｕｓｅｄ、IIhesetsof
discreatizedljnearequationsaresolvedbyusmg
line-by-linemethodwhichiscombinedwithThomas
algorithm．’Ibcouplethepressuredistributionsand
velocitiestheSIMPLEalgorithmisemployed・Iterations
processwi]lbestoppedifthecontinuityequationis
satisfied（totalmassresidualcomparedtototEdmass
Ｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｍａｋｅｃｌｅａｒｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｔhebrick
surface，totalheatabsorbedbyplgdnsurfacebrickand
discontmuousbrick，squareandtriangledimples，are
showninFigure7．
謬
鐸
』二−＠
騨軍
髭鱗
Ⅱ
２
３
４
５
６
７
ｔｉｍｅ（h）
FORTRANcodeshavebeendeveloped
'一一Piain-←squaredimple--triangeIdimplｅ
Figure7Totalheatstoredbyplainbriokand･discontinuous
brick
5．Resultm-,rldiscussion
Calculationsforalｌｃａｓｅｓｗｉｔｈｔｉｍｅｓｔｅｐ１０
ｓｅｃｏｎｄ，lminute，ａｎｄｌＯｍｉｎｕｔｅｆｏｒｔｏｔａ１６．５hourswere
caTTiedout．
ｌｔｃａｎｂｅｓｅｅｎｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｇｒａｐｈｔｈａｔｔｈｅbriokwith
plainsurfacesstoresthehighestheatcomparedtothe
discontinuousbricks、Ｉｔｉｓｋｎｏｗｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅ
丘.Z・邸姥“ｏｆ坊ｅ６画ｃｋｓｕｚ造ces
Theisothermlinesinsidethebrickfbr4r=1ｈ，
2ｈ，３ｈ，and6hforhorizontalplainbrickarｅｓｈｏｗｎｍ
ｂｒickadjacenttotheflowingairstoresbiggerheat，
ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｉｎｓｉｄｅｔｈｅｂricklcausedbythis
elementhasthehighertemperaturｅｄｕｅｔｏｈｉｇｈｅｒｈｅａｔ
539
第２１回寒地技術シンポジウム（2005）
transferrate・Sincetheplainbrickhasnoreducedelement
thetotalheatstoredbythisbrickisthehighest、InthG
discontinuousblicksbecauseoftheelementofthebIicks
adjacenttothenowingairisreducedduetopresenceofthe
dimples,thetotalheatstoredbythisbncksarelowerthan
theplainbrick、Ｏｎｔｈｅｏｔｈｅｒｗａｙｃａｎｂｅｓａｉｄｔｈａｔｔｏｔａｌ
ｈｅａｔｓｔｏｒｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｐｌａｉｎｂｒｉｃｋｉｓｂｉggercomparedtothe
discontinuousbricksbecauseofthetotalmassofthebrick
discontinuousbricksarelowerthantotalmassofthebrick
mcase-１．
rateisenhanced．
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inc]inedpositionswerecarriedoutandresultispresented
inFigure9andFigurelO・
Ｆｉｇｕｒｅ９ｓｈｏｗｔｈａｔｆｂｒａｌｍｏｓｔａｌｌｓｉdesofthe
brickisothermlinesareclosely.Ｉtdoesmeanthattheheat
transfbrrateshomthesesidesarebigger･Ｔｈｉｓresult
』readye沖ected・Smcethepositionofthebrickisinc]ined
towardstotheupstream，thesurfacesclosetothe
acceleratednowislarger・Theacceleratednowresultsthe
biggertemperaturegradientconsequentlyheattransfbr
曽蕊I頚霧堂iﾐ蕊￨塞副陸
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Inordertomakecleareffectofthebrickposition
tothestreamflow,calculationabrickwithhorizontaland
一陶三閏一屋
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２
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ｔｉｍｅ（h）
一一Ｈｏｒｉｚｏｎｔａｌ−←Ｉｎｃｌｉｎｅｄ
Thetotalheattransferratefromairintothe
brickforplajnbrickanddiscontinuousbricksareshownm
Figure８．Forallbricks，ａｓｅ]叩ected,therateoftheheat
transferisdecreasmgwithtimeelapse、Thegraphshows
thatforpl8dnbrickthetotaltransfもrheatrateisthe
FigurelOTotalheatstoredbybrickforhorizontalblick
andinc]inedbrick
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employplainsurfacebxickisbetter．
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totalheatstoredforinclinedbrickisbigger､Basedonthis
discussionisbettertoemploytheplainbrickwithinclined
p
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．
丘8.4ppZzba如刀”坊eheaｵs”渡g巴ａｊ７ちけeﾉ刀
Calculationfbrheatstoragetankconsistof24
plecesofplainbnckswithfburdjffbrentarrangements
werecarxiedout･Streamlinesandtemperature
distributionsinsidetheheatstorageat4r＝lh6minute
forallmodelsareshownｉｎＦｉｇｕｒｅｌｌａｎｄＦｉｇｕｒｅｌ２･Ｉｔｃａｎ
ｂeseenclearlythatinclinedandstaggeredpositionhas
stronglyinmuencetotheflowcharacteristicmsidetheheat
storage，Inadditiontheflowcharacteristicinfluencesthe
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heattrans生ｒｒａｔｅｆｒｏｍｔｈｅａｊｒｉｎｔｏｔｈｅｂｒｉｃｋｓ・The
influencecanbeseeninFigurel6.Thefigureshowsthat
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Figure91sotherm]jnesinsidetheinc]inedbrick
540
第２１回寒地技術シンポジウム（2005）
!》鱗:鍵灘繍鱗鱗議
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541
第２１回寒地技術シンポジウム（2005）
Totalheatstoredforallmodelsaredepictedin
Figurel3,Ｔｈｅｆｉｇｕｒｅｓｈｏｗｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｍｏｄｅｌ４ｒｅｖealsthe
bestperfbrmancetostoreheatfromthe8dr‘
５Ｆ
一一ｍｏｄｅｌ−１−←modcI-2ヨーmodeI-3-う←model-4
4,5
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一沢
一×一
Pressuredropisanessentialprobleminthe
heatstorageapplication・Inthisnumericalstudythe
pressurｅｄｒｏｐｍｓｉｄｅｔｈｅｈｅａｔｓｔｏｒａｇｅｆｂｒａｎｍodelalso
calculatedandtheresultsarepresentedinFigurel5､The
graphshowsthatpressuredropfbrmodel-4isthehigher
comparedtotheothermodels､Itistruethatpressuredrop
formodel-4ismorethan500％comparedtomodel-1and
model-2､ButthevalueofthepressuredroPfbrmodel-4is
:"i一一Ｆ. 一
Figurel3'Ibtalheatstoredfor8Jlmodels
‘;&=‐=-−
両
０
Efficiencyoftheheatstoragelsacomparisonof
つ
む
訂
一
日
２
６８１０１２
tｉｍｅ（h）
theheatstoredbyallbrickswithtotalheatreleasedby
WaｒＩｎａｌｒ．
Figurel5PressuredroPfbrallmodG1ｓ
gsr”eα妙6ric肺
７
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）
Efficiencyfbra]lmodelsisdepictedinFigurel4、Inthe
graphx-a漣sistimeinsecondandlogaxithmicsc8Jeisused
inthisa五s、Ｔｈｅｇｒａｐｈｓｈｏｗｓｔｈａｔｆｂｒａｌｌｍｏｄｅｌｓａｔｔｈｅ
ｔｉｍｅｌｅｓｓｔｈａｎｌＯ３ｓｅｃｏｎｄｔｈｅｅｆficiencyisincreasing、Ｉｔ
ｄｏｅｓｍｅａｎｔｈｅｒａｔｅｏｆｈｅａｔｓｔｏｒａｇｅｉｎｓｔｏｒｉｎｇｔｈｅｈｅａｔｉｓ
positive，Ａｆｔｅｒｌｈｏｕｒｔｈｅｒａｔｅｆｂｒａｎｃａｓｅｓａｒｅnegative、
Fromｔｈｉｓｇｒａｐｈｉｔｃａｎｂｅｓｅｅｎｔｈａｔｍｏｄｅｌ"４reveB1sthe
bestefiiciencyandｓｔｍｃａｎｓｔｏｒｅｔｈｅｈｅａｔｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ５0％
until2.104second(５hours)ofstoriI1gtime，Thejudgment
alsocanbemadebasedonthegraphibrthisparticular
typeａｎｄｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎｉｔｉｓnotrecommendedtooperatethis
heatstoragetankmorethan5hoursbecausetheefficiency
6．Conclusions
Theconclusionscanbemadeareasfonows：
1．Ｔｈｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｃｅｏｆｔｈｅｄｊｍｐｌｅｓｏｎｔｈｅｓｕrfacesofthe
bricksisreducingthetotalheatstoredinsidethe
b
r
i
c
k
、
2．IIhedimPlesalsoreducingtherateofheattransfbr
fromtheairintotｈｅｂｎｃｋｏ
３、Inclinepositionofthebrickrevealsthebestpositionin
ordertoenhancetheheajjtransfbronthebncks、
4．Apphcationtotheheatstoragetankcombinationof
inclinedandstaggeredPositionoftheblicksreveals
thebestperfbrmance，
5．Fortheparticularproblemthatcitedabovethestoring
durationshoulｄｎｏｔｂｅｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ５ｈｏｕｒｓ．
wmbelessthan50％．
一弓虫一一主
発
〆
』
r
ｊ
ｒ
Ａ〆
l‘Ｓ､．V：Patankar，NumericalHeatIIi,ansfbrandmuid
Flow,Hemisphere,Ｗもlshington,ＤＣ,１９８０．
２Ａ．Bejan，OonvectionHeatnansfbr,JohnWiley＆
一一
︵鋲︶語。仁②一。躯画
０６
０５
０４
０３
０２
０１
００
７
7．Reibrences
，坐４国ｈＡ −
:≦空
Ｓｏｎｓ,Inc.,NewYbrk,１９９５，
３．Ｊ・SuzukiIS，Matsusaka，Ｈ・Ambarita，Ｔ､YUta，Ｍ
１−←modol-1-甚一modeI-2言←model-3--mod｡1-41
ＳａｔｏｕａｎｄＫ、Kishinami，睡甲erlmentalStudyon
ThermalPerfbrmanceofRockBedHeatStorage
1.00E十0１1.00E+0２1.00E+0３1.00E+０４1.00E+Ｏ５
ｔｊｍｅ<sBcond）
System，２００５SymposlumonEnvironmental
Engineermg，MuroranHo]dKaidoJaPan2005，ｐｐ
Figurel4StorageE値ciencyfbrallmodels
５５２−５５５．
542

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