Syllabus - The Graduate Institute, Geneva

Department of International Law
Academic year 2014 - 2015
International Law and Terrorism Research
Seminar
DI063 - Autumn - 6 ECTS
Tuesdays 10:15-12:00
Course Description
Terrorism is no novelty in the history of humankind.
However, the marked transnational character and
magnitude of recent terrorist activities have challenged
some of the fundamental concepts of the international law
canon. This seminar explores the tensions produced by
the phenomenon of modern transnational terrorism in
international law. It examines the extent to which terrorism
and counterterrorism laws and policies have affected the
scope and operation of such international law regimes as
the UN collective security system, the regulation of the
unilateral use of force by States, international
responsibility, human rights law, and international
humanitarian law.
PROFESSOR
Andrea Bianchi
[email protected]
Office : MdP-P1-709
Phone : +41 22 908 58 01
ASSISTANT
Klara Polackova Van der Ploeg
[email protected]
Office : MdP-P1-755
Syllabus
Course requirements
Students will prepare and orally present in-class a seminar paper, which will consist of a legal
argument on the topic of the individual class sessions (starting from session 3). Two students will be
assigned to each topic; one arguing for and the other against. The seminar paper will have the
maximum length of 5’000 words, excluding footnotes and bibliography; the oral in-class presentation
will be 15 minutes long. The first draft of the seminar paper is to be circulated to the class at least 3
days before the respective session (Saturday noon before the presentation). The seminar paper is to
be finalized, taking into consideration the opponent side’s arguments and the class discussion, for 16
December 2014 (except for the presentation in week 13, where the deadline is 23 December 2014).
Attendance in the course sessions is obligatory and unjustified absences will be penalized. Students
are expected to read both the draft seminar papers and the assigned literature prior to each class and
actively participate in the class discussion. Grades will be awarded on the basis of both the oral
presentation and the written seminar paper. The final grade will also be informed by the quality of the
student’s class participation.
Chemin Eugène-Rigot 2 | CP 136 - CH-1211 Genève 21 | +41 22 908 57 00 | graduateinstitute.ch
MAISON DE LA PAIX
Session 1: Introduction
16 September
Session 2: Normative Framework
23 September
Required readings:
‐
A. Bianchi, “Enforcing International Law Norms against Terrorism: Achievements and Prospects”,
in A. Bianchi (ed.), Enforcing International Law Norms against Terrorism, Oxford and Portland:
Hart Publishing (2004), pp. 491-534.
‐
B. Saul, “The Emerging International Law of Terrorism”, Indian Yearbook of International Law and
Policy 163 (2009).
‐
A. Rohan Perera, “The Draft United Nations Comprehensive Convention on International
Terrorism”, B. Saul, Research Handbook on International Law and Terrorism, Edward Elgar
Publishing (2014), pp. 151-163.
Documents:
‐
International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings, New York, 15 December
1997, UN Doc. A/RES/52/164 (1997), (entered into force 23 May 2001).
‐
International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, New York, 9
December 1999, UN Doc. A/RES/54/109 (1999), (entered into force 10 April 2002).
‐
EU Council Framework Decision on Combating Terrorism, 13 June 2002 (2002/475/JHA),
amended by EU Council Framework Decision 2008/919/JHA.
‐
A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility, Report of the UN High-level Panel on Threats,
Challenges and Change (2004), Chapter VI ‘Terrorism’.
‐
The United Nations Global Terrorism Strategy, A/RES/60/288, 20 September 2006 (reaffirmed on
8 November 2010).
Recommended readings:
‐
R. Higgins, “The General International Law of Terrorism”, in Rosalyn Higgins and Maurice Flory
(eds.), Terrorism and International Law, London and New York: Routledge, 1997, pp. 13-29.
‐
E. S. Bates et al., Terrorism and international law: accountability, remedies, and reform: a report
of the IBA Task Force on Terrorism, Oxford : Oxford University Press (2011).
‐
H. Duffy, The "War on Terror" and the framework of international law, Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2005.
‐
P. A. Fernández-Sánchez (ed), International Legal Dimension of Terrorism, Leiden: Martinus
Nijhoff Publishers (2009).
- Page 2 -
Session 3:
Definition of Terrorism:
Is There an International Customary Law Definition?
30 September
Required readings:
‐
A. Cassese, “The Multifaceted Criminal Notion of Terrorism in International Law”, 4 Journal of
International Criminal Justice 933 (2006).
‐
M. Di Filippo, “The Definition(s) of Terrorism in International Law”, in B. Saul, Research Handbook
on International Law and Terrorism, Edward Elgar Publishing (2014), pp. 3-20.
‐
J. Dugard, “The Problem of the Definition of Terrorism in International Law”, in P. Eden and T.
O’Donnell, September 11, 2001: A Turning Point in International and Domestic Law? Ardsley:
Transnational Publishers (2005).
‐
J. Friedrichs, “Defining the International Public Enemy: The Political Struggle behind the Legal
Debate on International Terrorism”, 19 Leiden Journal of International Law 59 (2006).
‐
M.P. Scharf, “Defining Terrorism as the Peacetime Equivalent of War Crimes: Problems and
Prospects” 36 Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law 359 (2004).
Documents:
‐
Report of the Ad Hoc Committee established by General Assembly resolution 51/210 of 17
December 1996, Sixteenth session (8 to 12 April 2013) (negotiations of the UN draft
Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism) – Sections discussing the definition of
terrorism.
Recommended readings:
‐
B. Saul, Defining Terrorism in International Law, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2006).
‐
J. Friedrischs, “Defining the International Public Enemy: The Political Struggle Behind the Legal
Debate on International Terrorism”, 19 Leiden Journal of International Law 69 (2006).
Session 4: Terrorism and International Humanitarian Law: Are the Geneva
Conventions Out of Date?
7 October
Required readings:
‐
L. Condorelli and Y. Naqvi, ‘The War Against Terrorism and Jus in Bello: Are the Geneva
Conventions Out of Date?’, in A. Bianchi (ed.) Enforcing International Law Norms Against
Terrorism, Oxford: Hart Publishing (2004), pp. 25-38.
‐
B. Saul, “Terrorism and International Humanitarian Law”, in B. Saul, Research Handbook on
International Law and Terrorism, Edward Elgar Publishing (2014), pp. 208-232.
‐
M. Sassòli, “Terrorism and War”, 4 Journal of International Criminal Justice 959 (2006).
‐
M. P. Fisher, ‘Applicability of the Geneva Conventions to “Armed Conflict” in the War on Terror’,
30 Fordham International Law Journal (2007).
- Page 3 -
‐
A. Bianchi and Y. Naqvi, International Humanitarian Law and Terrorism, Oxford: Hart Publishing
(2011), pp. 374 – 390 (Chapter 7 – Scope for Revision of IHL for the Regulation of Terrorism and
Terrorist Acts).
Documents:
‐
Geneva Convention (III) Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War of 12 August 1949, Articles
4-7, 17, 130.
‐
Geneva Convention (IV) Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12
August 1949, Articles 3-6, 31-33, 147.
‐
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection
of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), of 8 June 1977, Articles 1-6, 35-58, 85, 96.
‐
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection
of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II), of 8 June 1977, Articles 1-6, 13-17.
Recommended readings:
‐
A. Bianchi and Y. Naqvi, International Humanitarian Law and Terrorism (Hart Publishing, Oxford,
2011).
‐
H.-P. Gasser, “Acts of terror, “terrorism” and international humanitarian law”, 847
International Review of the Red Cross 547 (2002).
‐
E. A. Posner, “Terrorism and the Laws of War”, 5 Chicago Journal of International Law 423 (20042005).
‐
J. Bellinger, W. Haynes, U.S. Initial Reactions to ICRC Study on Customary International Law,
letter to the President of the ICRC, 3 November 2006.
‐
J.-M. Henckaerts, Customary International Humanitarian Law – a Response to US Comments,
July 2007.
‐
D. Kennedy, “Lawfare and Warfare”, in J. Crawford and M. Koskenniemi, Cambridge Companion
to International Law, Cambridge University Press, 2012.
‐
C. Ford and A. Cohen (eds.), Rethinking the law of armed conflict in an age of terrorism, Lanham:
Lexington Books (2012).
Session 5: The Use of Force against Terrorist Groups:
Lawful or Unlawful?
15 October
Required readings:
‐
C. Tams, “The Use of Force against Terrorists”, 20 European Journal of International Law 359
(2009).
‐
A. Bianchi, “The International Regulation of the Use of Force: the Politics of Interpretive Method”,
22 Leiden Journal of International Law 651 (2009).
- Page 4 -
‐
M. Wood “Terrorism and the International Law on the Use of Force”, in B. Saul, Research
Handbook on International Law and Terrorism, Edward Elgar Publishing (2014), pp. 195-207.
‐
J. Charney, “The Use of Force against Terrorism and International Law”, 95 American Journal of
International Law 835 (2001).
‐
D. Bethlehem, ‘Principles Relevant to the Scope of a State’s Right of Self-Defense Against an
Imminent or Actual Armed Attack by Nonstate Actors’, The American Journal of International Law,
Vol. 106, No. 3.
‐
E. Wilmshurst and M. Wood, ‘Self-Defense Against Nonstate Actors: Reflections on the
“Bethlehem Principles”’, The American Journal of International Law, Vol. 107, No. 2.
Documents:
‐
The Charter of the United Nations, Articles 1, 2, 39-51.
Recommended readings:
‐
T. Franck, ‘Terrorism and the Right of Self-defence’, 95 American Journal of International Law 839
(2001).
‐
M. Byers, “Terrorism, the Use of Force and International Law after 11 September”, 51
International and Comparative Law Quarterly 401 (2002).
‐
A. Becker Lorca, “Rules for the “Global War on Terror”: Implying Consent and Presuming
Conditions for Intervention”, 45 International Law and Politics 1 (2012).
‐
C. Gray, “A New War for a New Century? The Use of Force against Terrorism after September
11”, in P. Eden and T. O’Donnell, September 11, 2001: A Turning Point in International and
Domestic Law? Ardsley: Transnational Publishers (2005), pp. 97-126.
‐
B. Finucane, “Fictitious States, Effective Control, and the Use of Force Against Non-State Actors”
30 Berkeley Journal of International Law 35 (2012)
‐
M. Bothe, “Terrorism and the Legality of Pre-emptive Force”, 14(3) European Journal of
International Law 227 (2003).
‐
J. N. Maogoto, Battling Terrorism: Legal Perspectives on the Use of Force and the War on Terror,
Aldershot and Burlington: Ashgate, 2005.
Session 6:
UN SC Anti-Terror Resolutions: An Encroachment on Fundamental
Rights?
22 October
Required readings:
‐
I. Johnstone, “The UN Security Council, Counterterrorism and Human Rights”, in A. Bianchi and
A. Keller, Counterterrorism: Democracy’s Challenge, Oxford and Portland: Hart Publishing (2008),
pp. 335-356.
‐
A. Bianchi, “Assessing the Effectiveness of the UN Security Council’s Anti-terrorism Measures: the
Quest for Legitimacy and Cohesion”, 17 European Journal of International Law 880 (2006).
- Page 5 -
‐
J. Fitzpatrick, “Speaking Law to Power: The War Against Terrorism and Human Rights”, 14(2)
European Journal of International Law 241 (2003).
‐
B. Fassbender, “The UN Security Council and International Terrorism”, in A. Bianchi (ed.)
Enforcing International Law Norms Against Terrorism, (Hart Publishing, Oxford, 2004).
‐
L. Ginsborg, “The United Nations Security Council’s Counter-terrorism Al-Qaida Sanctcions
Regime: Resolution 1267 and the 1267 Committee,” in B. Saul, Research Handbook on
International Law and Terrorism, Edward Elgar Publishing (2014), pp. 608-625.
Documents:
‐
S/RES/2133 (2014), on threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts
‐
S/RES/2129 (2013), on threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts
‐
S/RES/2083 (2012), on threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts
‐
S/RES/2082 (2012), on threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts
‐
S/RES/1904 (2009), on threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts
‐
S/RES/1735 (2006), on threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts
‐
S/RES/1730(2006), on general issues relating to sanctions
‐
S/RES/1624 (2005), on threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts
‐
S/RES/1566 (2004), on strengthening efforts to combat terrorism
‐
S/RES/1535 (2004), endorsing the report of the Counter-Terrorism Committee on its
revitalization and S/2004/124 Proposal for the Revitalization of the Counter-Terrorism
Committee
‐
S/RES/1526 (2004), on strengthening measures against Al-Qaida
‐
S/RES/1455 (2003), on improving implementation of measures imposed by paragraph
4 (b) of Res. 1267 (1999), para. 8 (c) of Res. 1333 (2000) and paras. 1 and 2 of Res.
1390 (2002) on measures against the Taliban and Al Qaida
‐
S/RES/1373 (2001), on international cooperation to combat threats to international
peace and security caused by terrorist acts
‐
S/RES/1368 (2001), condemning the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 in New
York, Washington D.C. and Pennsylvania, USA
‐
S/RES/1363 (2001), on the establishment of a mechanism to monitor the
implementation of measures imposed by Res. 1267 (1999) and 1333 (2000)
‐
S/RES/1333 (2000), on measures against the Taliban
‐
S/RES/1269 (1999), on international cooperation in the fight against terrorism
‐
S/RES/1267 (1999), on measures against the Taliban
- Page 6 -
‐
T. Biersteker, S. Eckert, Due Process and Targeted Sanctions. An Update of the “Watson Report”,
December
2012,
available
http://www.watsoninstitute.org/pub/Watson%20Report%20Update%2012_12.pdf
Recommended readings:
‐
A. Ciampi, “Security Council Targeted Sanctions and Human Rights,” in B. Fassbender (ed.),
Securing Human Rights?: Achievements and Challenges of the UN Security Council, Oxford:
Oxford University Press (2011).
‐
S. Zappalà, “Reviewing Security Council Measures in the Light of International Human Rights
Principles,” in B. Fassbender (ed.), Securing Human Rights?: Achievements and Challenges of
the UN Security Council, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2011).
‐
A. Bianchi, “Anti-terror resolutions and their Implementation by Member States: an Overview”, 4
Journal of International Criminal Justice 1044 (2006).
‐
L. Hinojosa-Martinez, “A Critical Assessment of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1373”,
in B. Saul, Research Handbook on International Law and Terrorism, Edward Elgar Publishing
(2014), pp. 626-650.
Session 7:
States of Emergencies: Security vs. Human Rights?
29 October
Required readings:
‐
A. Siehr, “Derogation Measures under Article 4 ICCPR, with Special Consideration of the ‘War
Against International Terrorism’”, 47 German Yearbook of International Law 545 (2005).
‐
J.Delbrück, “Safeguarding Internationally Protected Human Rights in National Emergencies: New
Challenges in View of Global Terrorism”, in Jürgen Bröhmer (ed) Internationale Gemeinschaft und
Menschenrechte: Festschrift für Georg Ress, Köln: C. Heymann, 2005.
‐
C. Flinterman, “Derogation from the Rights and Freedoms in Case of a Public Emergency”, in P.
van Dijk et al. (eds.), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights, 4th ed.
Antwerpen, Oxford: Intersentia (2006).
Documents:
‐ Human
Rights
Committee,
http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/
‐
General
Comment
No.
29,
2001,
available
at
A and others v. Secretary of the State for the Home Department and X and others v. Secretary of
the State for the Home Department, House of Lords [2004] UKHL 56 (Dec. 16, 2004), available at
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld/ldjudgmt.htm
Recommended Readings:
‐
C. Michaelsen, “Permanent Legal Emergencies and the Derogation Clause in International Human
Rights Treaties: A Contradiction?”, A. Masferrer (ed.), Post 9/11 and the State of Permanent Legal
Emergency: Security and Human Rights in Countering Terrorism, Springer (2012).
‐
Michael O’Boyle, “The Margin of Appreciation and Derogation under Article 15: Ritual Incantation
or Principle?” Human Rights Law Journal 19 (1998).
- Page 7 -
Session 8:
Security vs. Human Rights?
International Judicial Perspectives
5 November
Required readings:
‐
M. Milanovic, “As bad as it Gets: the European Court of Human Rights’s Behrami and Saramati
Decision and General International Law”, 58 International and Comparative Law Quarterly 267
(2009).
‐
P. De Sena and M. C. Vitucci, “The European Courts and the Security Council: Between
Dédoublement Fonctionnel and Balancing of Values: A Rejoinder”, 20(1) European Journal of
International Law 193 (2009).
Documents and Cases:
‐
European Court of Human Rights, Behrami v. France and Saramati v. France, Germany and
Norway (App. Nos 71412/01 and 78166/01), Judgment of 5 May 2007.
‐
European Court of Justice, Yassin Abdullah Kadi and Al Barakaat International Foundation
(Joined Cases C-402-05 P and C-415/05 P), Judgment of 3 September 2008.
‐
European Court of Justice, Yassin Abdullah Kadi II. (Joined Cases C-402-05 P and C-415/05 P),
Judgment of 18 July 2013.
‐
Al-Jedda v. United Kingdom, ECHR Judgment, 7 July 2011
‐
Al-Dulimi v Switzerland, ECHR Judgment, 26 November 2013
Recommended readings:
‐
C. Walter, S. Vöneky, V. Röben and F. Schorkopf (eds), Terrorism as a Challenge for National
and International Law : Security versus Liberty? Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2004.
‐
A. M. Salinas De Frias, K. Samuel, N. White (eds.) Counter-Terrorism: International Law and
Practice, Oxford University Press (2012) – relevant chapters in Part IV.
‐
K. Starmer, “Setting the Record Straight: Human Rights in an Era of International Terrorism”, 2
European Human Rights Law Review 123 (2007).
Session 9:
Security vs. Human Rights?
National Judicial Perspectives
12 November
Required readings:
‐
E. Benvenisti, “United We Stand: National Courts Reviewing Counterterrorism Measures”, in
Andrea Bianchi and Alexis Keller (eds.), Counterterrorism: Democracy’s Challenge, Oxford and
Portland: Hart Publishing (2008), pp. 251-276.
‐
I. Scobbie, “’The Last Refuge of the Tyrant’?: Judicial Deference to Executive Actions in Time of
Terror”, in Andrea Bianchi and Alexis Keller (Eds.), Counterterrorism: Democracy’s Challenge,
Oxford and Portland: Hart Publishing (2008), pp. 277-312.
- Page 8 -
‐
E. Benvenisti, “National Courts and the “War on Terrorism””, in A. Bianchi (ed.), Enforcing
International Law Norms Against Terrorism, Oxford: Hart Publishing (2004), pp. 307-330.
‐
C. Forcese, “Judicial Supervision of Anti-Terrorism Laws in Comparative Democracies”, in B.
Saul, Research Handbook on International Law and Terrorism, Edward Elgar Publishing (2014),
pp. 521-538.
Documents:
‐
Youssef Mustapha Nada contre SECO, Secrétariat d'Etat pour l'économie, Tribunal fédéral
suisse, 14 November 2007, available at http://www.bger.ch/FR/index.htm
‐
R (on the application of Al-Jedda)(FC)(Appellant) v. Secretary of State for Defence (Respondent),
United Kingdom House of Lords, 2 May 2014, [2007] UKHL 58, available at
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld/ldjudgmt.htm
‐
Sedar Mohammed v. Ministry of Defence, High Court – Queen’s Bench Division, 12 December
2007, [2014] EWHC 1369 (QB), available at
http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/QB/2014/1369.html
Recommended readings:
‐
C. Walter, S. Vöneky, V. Röben and F. Schorkopf (eds), Terrorism as a Challenge for National
and International Law : Security versus Liberty? Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer (2004).
‐
T. Franck, “Criminals, Combatants, or What? An Examination of the Role of Law in Responding to
the Threat of Terror”, 98(4) AJIL 686 (2004).
‐
A. M. Salinas De Frias, K. Samuel, N. White (eds.) Counter-Terrorism: International Law and
Practice, Oxford University Press (2012) – relevant chapters Part IV.
‐
D. McGoldrick, “Terrorism and Human Rights Paradigms: The United Kingdom after 11
September 2001”, in Andrea Bianchi and Alexis Keller (Eds.), Counterterrorism: Democracy’s
Challenge, Oxford and Portland: Hart Publishing (2008), pp. 111-232.
‐
J. Limbach, “Human Rights in Times of Terror: Is Collective Security the Enemy of Individual
Freedom?” 1 Göttingen Journal of International Law 17 (2009).
‐
E. Nanopoulos, “The Fight against Terrorism, Fundamental Rights and the EU Courts: The
Unsolved Conundrum” 14 Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 269 (2011).
Session 10: Terrorism: An International Crime?
19 November
Required readings:
‐
A. Cassese, “The Multifaceted Criminal Notion of Terrorism in International Law”, 4 Journal of
International Criminal Justice 933 (2006).
‐
K. Ambos, “Judicial creativity at the Special Tribunal for Lebanon: is there a crime of terrorism
under international law?” 24 Leiden Journal of International Law 655 (2011).
- Page 9 -
‐
B. Saul, “Legislating from a radical Hague: the United Nations Special Tribunal for Lebanon
invents an international crime of transnational terrorism” 24 Leiden Journal of International Law
677 (2011).
‐
A. Bianchi and Y. Naqvi, International Humanitarian Law and Terrorism, Hart Publishing, Oxford
(2011), pp. 208-285 (Chapter 5 – Individual Criminal Responsibility for Acts of Terror or
Terrorism).
Documents and Cases:
‐
Prosecutor v Stanislav Galic, Judgment of ICTY Appeals Chamber, 30 November 2006
‐
UN Special Tribunal for Lebanon (Appeals Chamber), Interlocutory Decision on the Applicable
Law: Terrorism, Conspiracy, Homicide, Perpetration, Cumulative Charging, STL-11-01/I, 16
February 2011
Recommended readings:
‐
K. Ambos and A. Timmermann, “Terrorism and Customary International Law”, in B. Saul,
Research Handbook on International Law and Terrorism, Edward Elgar Publishing (2014), pp. 2038.
‐
M. Di Filippo, “Terrorist Crimes and International Co-operation: Critical Remarks on the Definition
and Inclusion of Terrorism in the Category of International Crimes”, 19(3) European Journal of
International Law 533 (2008).
‐
M. Morris, “Arresting Terrorism: Criminal Jurisdiction and International Relations”, in A. Bianchi
(ed.), Enforcing International Law Norms Against Terrorism, Oxford: Hart Publishing (2004), pp.
63-79.
‐
A. Cassese, “Terrorism as an International Crime”, in A. Bianchi (ed.), Enforcing International Law
Norms Against Terrorism, Oxford: Hart Publishing (2004), pp. 213-226.
‐
R. Arnold, The ICC as a New Instrument for Repressing Terrorism, Ardlsey and New York:
Transnational Publishers, 2004.
Session 11:
Terrorism and State Responsibility: Liability of States for Transborder
Attacks?
26 November
Required readings:
‐
P.-M. Dupuy, “State Sponsor of Terrorism: Issues of International Responsibility”, in Andrea
Bianchi (ed.), Enforcing International Law Norms against Terrorism, Oxford: Hart Publishing
(2004), pp. 491-534.
‐
V-J. Proulx, “Babysitting Terrorists: Should States be Strictly Liable for Failing to Prevent
Transborder Attacks?”, 23(3) Berkeley Journal of International Law 615 (2005).
‐
K. Trapp, “Terrorism and the International Law of State Responsibility”, in B. Saul, Research
Handbook on International Law and Terrorism, Edward Elgar Publishing (2014), pp. 39-56.
- Page 10 -
Documents:
‐
ILC Articles on State Responsibility
Recommended readings:
‐
K. Trapp, State Responsibility for International Terrorism, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2011).
‐
T. Becker, Terrorism and the State: Rethinking the Rules of State Responsibility, Oxford and
Portland: Hart Publishing (2006).
‐
R. Vark, “State Responsibility for Private Armed Groups in the Context of Terrorism”, IX Juridica
International 184 (2005).
‐
K. Trapp, “Holding States Responsible for Terrorism before the International Court of Justice” 3
Journal of International Dispute Settlement 279 (2012)
Session 12: Abductions and Renditions: Means for Dealing with
International Terrorism?
3 December
Required readings:
‐
S. Borelli, “The Treatment of Terrorist Suspects Captured Abroad: Human Rights and
Humanitarian Law” in A. Bianchi (ed.), Enforcing International Law Norms Against Terrorism,
Oxford: Hart Publishing (2004), pp. 39-62.
‐
S. Borelli, “The Rendition of Terrorists Suspects to the United States: Human Rights and the
Limits of International Cooperation” in A. Bianchi (ed.), Enforcing International Law Norms Against
Terrorism, Oxford: Hart Publishing (2004), pp. 331-376.
‐
H. Duffy and S. A. Kostas, “Extraordinary Rendition: A Challenge for the Rule of Law”, A. M.
Salinas De Frias, K. Samuel, N. White (eds.) Counter-Terrorism: International Law and Practice,
Oxford University Press (2012), pp. 539-578.
Documents:
‐
United States v. Alvarez-Machain, US Supreme Court, 504 U.S. 655 (1992)
‐
European Commission For Democracy Through Law (Venice Commission) Opinion on The
International Legal Obligations of Council of Europe Member States in Respect of Secret
Detention Facilities and Inter-State Transport of Prisoners, adopted by the Venice Commission at
its
66th
Plenary
Session
(Venice,
17-18
March
2006),
,
available
at
http://www.venice.coe.int/site/dynamics/N_Opinion_ef.asp?L=E&OID=363
‐
El-Marsi v. The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, European Court of Human Rights,
Grand Chamber, Application No. 39630/09, Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction) of 13
December 2012
Recommended readings:
‐
S. Borelli, “Extraordinary rendition, counter-terrorism and international law”, in B. Saul, Research
Handbook on International Law and Terrorism, Edward Elgar Publishing (2014), pp. 361-378.
‐
- Page 11 -
‐
M. Hakimi, “International Standards for Detaining Terrorism Suspects: Moving Beyond the Armed
Conflict-Criminal Divide”, 33 Yale Journal of International Law 369 (2008).
Session 13: Targeted Killing: Extra-Judicial Executions or Legitimate Means of
Defence?
10 December
Required readings:
‐
E. Crawford, “Terrorism and Targeted Killings under International Law”, in Saul B, Research
Handbook on International Law and Terrorism (Edward Elgar Publishing 2014), pp. 250-270.
‐
N. Melzer, Targeted Killing in International Law, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2008), pp. 423435.
‐
P. Alston, “Using International Law to Combat Unlawful Targeted Killings”, in U. Fastenrath et al.
(eds.), From Bilateralism to Community Interest: Essays in Honour of Bruno Simma, Oxford:
Oxford University Press (2011).
‐
S. Krasmann, “Targeted Killing and Its Law: On a Mutually Constitutive Relationship” 25 Leiden
Journal of International Law 665 (2012).
‐
D. Kretzmer, “Targeted Killing of Suspected Terrorists: Extra-Judicial Executions or Legitimate
Means of Defence?”, 16 European Journal of International Law 171 (2005).
Documents:
‐
UN Report of the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, Study on
targeted killings, 28 May 2010, A/HRC/14/24.
‐
Department of Justice White Paper, Lawfulness of a Lethal Operation Directed Against a U.S.
Citizen who is a Senior Operational Leader of Al Qa’ida or An Associated Force, disclosed in
February 2013 (available at
http://msnbcmedia.msn.com/i/msnbc/sections/news/020413_DOJ_White_Paper.pdf)
‐
President Barack Obama, The Future of our Fight against Terrorism, speech delivered at National
Defense University on 23 May 2013 (available at
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/23/obama-drones-guantanamo-speechtext?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487)
Recommended readings:
‐
R. Chesney, “Who may be killed? Anwar al-Awlaki as a case study in the international legal
regulation of lethal force”, 13 Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law 3 (2010).
‐
M. Ramsden, “Targeted Killings and International Human Rights Law: The Case of Anwar AlAwlaki,” 16 Journal of Conflict and Security Law 385 (2012).
‐
N. Melzer, Targeted Killing in International Law, Oxford : Oxford University Press (2008).
‐
Bodnar, Adam and Pacho, Irmina, Targeted Killings (Drone Strikes) and the European Convention
on Human Rights. Polish Yearbook of International Law Vol. 32 (2013).
- Page 12 -
‐
P. Heymann and G. Blum, Law and Policy of Targeted Killing, 1 Harvard National Security Journal
145 (2010).
‐
Marry Ellen O’Connell, “Unlawful Killing with Combat Drones”, S. Bronitt, M. Gani and S.
Hufnagel (eds.), Shooting to Kill: Socio-legal Perspectives on the Use of Lethal Force, Hart
Publishing (2012).
‐
K. Anderson, “Targeted Killing in U.S. Counterterrorism Strategy and Law, A Working Paper of the
Series on Counterterrorism and American Statutory Law”, a joint project of the Brookings
Institution, the Georgetown University Law Center, and the Hoover Institution (May 11, 2009)
(available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1415070 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1415070).
Session 14: 9/11, A Turning Point in International Law?
17 December
Required readings:
‐
A Cassese, “Terrorism is Also Disrupting Some Crucial Legal Categories of International Law” 12
European journal of International Law 993 (2001).
‐
G. Abi Saab, ”The Proper Role of International Law in Combating Terrorism”, in A. Bianchi (ed.),
Enforcing International Law Norms Against Terrorism, Oxford: Hart Publishing (2004).
‐
W. H. Taft IV, “The Law of Armed Conflict After 9/11: Some Salient Features”, 28 Yale Journal of
International Law 319 (2003).
‐
C. Greenwood, “International Law and the “War against Terrorism””, 78 International Affairs 301
(2002).
‐
A. Bianchi, “International Law, Counterterrorism and the Quest for Checks and Balances: Why the
Calling Sirens of Constitutionalism Should Be Resisted” in Andrea Bianchi and Alexis Keller (Eds),
Counterterrorism: Democracy’s Challenge, Oxford and Portland: Hart Publishing, 2008, pp. 395424.
‐
D. McGoldrick, “A Turning Point or a Tipping Point?”, in P. Eden and T. O’Donnell, September 11,
2001: A Turning Point in International and Domestic Law? Ardsley: Transnational Publishers
(2005), pp 781-824.
Documents:
‐
H. Koh, Legal Advisor U.S. Department of State, Speech at the Annual Meeting of the American
Society
of
International
Law,
25
March
2010,
available
at:
http://www.state.gov/s/l/releases/remarks/139119.htm (Section B - The Law of 9/11)
Recommended readings:
‐
P. Eden and T. O’Donnell, September 11, 2001: A Turning Point in International and Domestic
Law? Ardsley: Transnational Publishers (2005) – Parts I and VII.
‐
A. Bianchi, “Fear’s Legal Dimension. Counterterrorism and Human Rights”, in L. Boisson de
Chazournes and Marcelo Kohen (Eds.), Liber Amicorum Vera Gowlland, Martinus Nijhoff (2010).
‐
J. Murphy, “International Law in Crisis: Challenges Posed by the New Terrorism and the Changing
Nature of War” 44 Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law 59 (2011).
- Page 13 -
‐
R. Nieto-Navia, “State Sovereignty in Times of Terrorism”, in A. Constantinides, N. Zaikos
(eds.),The Diversity of International Law: Essays in Honour of Professor Kalliopi K. Koufa (2009).
- Page 14 -

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