BAB 2 SHIP BUILDING Aship is built at a shipyard. It is difficult job which takes a long time. When plans have been made and everything is ready, the keel is laid. Then, the frames must be fifted and after thet the plates and the hull of the ship is ready. By watertight bulkheads, the ship is divided into compartments, so that, when there is a collision, the ship cannot sink. The ship must also be seaworthy. The man who knows about all these things is the naval architect/arsitek kapal. He takes care that ships is safe , fast and comfortable. The engines are made and installed by an engineering works. When everything has been finished, the ships is launched. I. VOCABULARY Shipyard = galangan kapal Difficult = sukar Plan = rencana Ready = siap Frames = kerangka To divide into = membagi Collision = tubrukan Safe = aman To sink = tenggelam Naval architect = ahli bangunan kapal Comfortable = nyaman To install = memasang, menyambung To finish = menyelesaikan To launch = meluncurkan Compartment = ruangan, bagian Bulkhead = sekat, dinding After/peak = ceruk belakang Difficult job = sulit II. For peak = ceruk haluan Engine room = kamar mesin Chart room = kamar peta Galley = dapur Pantry = gudang Flagstaff = tiang bendera Davit = dewi – dewi Lifeboat = sekoci penolong Liferaft = rakit penolong Buoy = buif Keel = lunas Stern = buritan Bow = haluan COMPREHENSION Answer the following question based on the text ! 1. Where is the ship built ? 2. Does is take a short time to built a ship ? 3. When is the keel laid ? 4. What is the Indonesian for “watertight” compartment ? 5. Who is the Naval architect ? 6. Must a ship be seaworthy ? III. GRAMMAR Simple Past Tense Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang telah selesai di masa lampau. Contoh : She graduated from high scholl last year The game ended at two o’clock Cara pembentukan kata kerja Simple Past Tense ialah dengan menambahkan akhiran ‘ed’ pada kata kerja baik untuk kata ganti orang pertama, kedua, ketiga, tunggal maupun jamak. Ketentuan penambahan akhiran – ed § Apabila kata kerja tersebut berakhiran dengan huruf e hanya tinggal ditambah akhiran d § Like – liked Arrive - arrived Apabila kata kerja tersebut berakhiran dengan huruf y yang didahului oleh huruf mati, y berubah menjadi I dan ditambah -ed § Study - studied Try - tried, tetapi play – played Ada beberapa kata kerja yang sama sekali berubah bentuk yang disebut irregular verbs atau kata kerja tak beraturan Go - went Pay - paid Write - wrote Buy - bought Take - took Fly - flew Get - got Spend - spent Untuk membentuk kalimat negative dan pertanyaan dari kalimat Simple Past Tense dipakai kata kerja bantu ‘did’ untuk semua kata ganti orang, baik tunggal maupun jamak. Contoh : 1. (+) He arrived on time (-) He did not arrive on time (?) Did he arrive on time ? 2. (+) I went to school (-) I did not go to school (?) Did I go to school ? IV. EXERCISE a. Change the verbs in brackets into past tense 1. He (go) to the office with his friend this morning 2. The company (want) to buy a new ship last year 3. Someone (paint) the bulkhead 4. Captain (give) his order to cadets 5. The vessel (carry) many passanger from Hongkong to Japan 6. The officer (write) the report on his desk 7. He (finish) working at 10 last night 8. They (take) a walk to get some exercise b. Translation 1. He has choosen the same proffesion as his father 2. Three members of crew are drawned 3. They will try to repair the old boiler 4. They usually start working at half past eight 5. Yhe captain gives the orders and crew must obey 6. We have to turn full speed astern to prevent the collision 7. The ship covered the distance from Netherland to Jakarta in about three weeks 8. The ship must also be seaworthy
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