WHEN THE CLOUD REACHES THE RAN IMPACT OF CRAN ON CLOUD-BASED ARCHITECTURES Pierre Bichon Philip Lamoureux PARIS - MAY 21ST, 2014 THE CONTEXT OF CLOUD RAN 3 trends are currently happening in the IT industry: 1) Cloud Computing 2) Cloud Networking 3) Cloud Access Only when all 3 join and leverage each other, can we reach 5G DATA CENTER VIRTUALIZATION Image Repository Dashboard Network Node Registry DHCP / IPAM Provides UI for Services & Modules Compute Node Hypervisor VM Router / GW Block Storage Scheduler Block Storage DB Scheduler Conductor Cell Image DB Queue Object Storage Compute DB Proxy Server Queue Volume Orchestration Provides Authentication And service catalog for All Services & Modules Identity Object Store Metering DATA CENTER NETWORKING DC2 DC1 MOBILITY OF RESOURCES DC3 Cloud Networking LOAD OPTIMIZATION Openstack Typical Deployment Topology EXTENDING THE DC WITH NFV Data Center Orchestration Network Automation VM VM VM Data Center Network VNF VNF VNF Network Virtualization VNF VNF VNF Data Center Interconnect VPN VPN VPN Service Virtualization Network “Edge” DC Edge Access / Aggregation / Core Network Users (Humans, Things) SERVICE VIRTUALIZATION & CHAINING NFV use cases*: Virtual Application as a Service Virtual Infrastructure as a Service Virtual Network Platform as a Service vEPC, vCPE, vContent, vFixed Access Virtual Network Function as a Service Virtual Network Function Forwarding Graphs (Service Chaining) Other use cases: Security Subscriber Management Custom services developed by Operator Centralize or distribute services for maximum flexibility Monetize services by enhanced QoE Orchestrator Distributed Services Svc1 Centralized Services SDN Contr Svc2 Svc3 PCRF Mobile Core Services Complex P-GW MME CSR RAN SGi AggRouter S-GW Virtualized * ETSI GS NFV 001 Pre-provisioned Dynamically Adjusted Horizontally Scaled macro Intra/Inter Carrier Data Centers SON CRAN, DAS THINGS HUMANS FOUNDATIONAL: A SEAMLESS, INTELLIGENT NETWORK Internet indoor / outdoor small cells Enterprise public / private small cells user access layer Coordinated prediction VIRTUALIZATION OF THE SERVICE ANCHOR network access layer access routers service anchors long-haul microwave short-haul microwave LOS, NLOS, P2P, P2MP 7 service anchors transport nodes Third party access service anchors Seamless MPLS transport nodes Access & Aggregation Core SON SON AUTOMATION, PATH COMPUTATION, VISIBILITY Copyright © 2013 Juniper Networks, Inc. www.juniper.net Service Virtualization Layer WHEN THE CLOUD REACHES THE RAN Virtualized Access Network Virtualized Core HetNet Distributed Data Centers + Interconnect Macro Service HUMANS Smart Phone Service Tablets Service Clusters ? Mobile Router Mobile Base Station Internet Service Service SC 4G Small Cell/ WiFi Enterprise Service Instrumentation/M2M Service THINGS Intra/Inter Carrier Data Centers Connected Enterprise WiFi/Femto Enterprise/SMB Residential Architectural Layer Evolution Simplification of layers Connected Home Simplification of protocols/interfaces WiFi/Femto Flexible architecture based on software Enterprise Residential Branch CONVERGED ACCESS NETWORK Characteristics of the converged user access network Macro Cells (2G, 3G, LTE) Baseband Pooling (C-RAN) 2km+ 100s-1000s subs RRU CPRI BBU Micro/Pico Cells Indoor Out-door <500m 100s subs Public Wifi Indoor Out-door <100m 10s subs Private Wifi Private Pico cells <100m 10s subs Femto Cell WIFI <20m <10 subs Commercial And Residential Broadband tethered 1-1000’s subs Trend towards heterogeneous networks and seamless user experience User experience: Best coverage and highest rates at every user location . Presence & application awareness –context aware Seamless handover Network Implications: Overlapping Macro/Micro/Pico/Relay/Femto cells and Wifi Services Drastic increased application usage and throughput per user Fast, seamless handoffs between technologies (iRAT) and between Macro/Micro/Pico/Relay/Femto. Handoff between private and public networks Potentially large increase in cell count arising from small cells Serious Performance, operations, and management challenges for conventional hierarchical networks C-RAN FRONTHAUL AND BACKHAUL Challenges for Transport RAN Transport 1588v2 Grand Master Aggregation of Traditional RAN 20’s of sites served by a BBP - 10k’s of subscribers. Baseband pool (BBP) Hub site MicroCRAN Backhaul 10/40/100G DWDM Fronthaul: Very Low Latency, High Capacity - direct link CPRI/OBRI WDM Fronthaul CPRI/OBRI RRU Small cell RRU Macro CRAN RRUs Backhaul: Controlled Latency, High Capacity, High Availability Fiber MMW radio Coordinated /centralized timing Support “traditional” RAN CRAN SHARING CONSIDERATIONS Opportunities to Architect a Share-able infrastructure RAN Sharing RRH Towers Shared BBU Pool (and CRANaaS) BBU Shared DWDM C P R I NFV Today: Tower, Backhaul and RAN sharing CRAN future: Tower, RRH, fiber infrastructure, BBU Pool, Cloud •MNOs determine what NFs are located at Hub sites C-RAN USE CASES Macro scale deployment will require use of SDN based automation and virtualization tools Source: Heavy Reading, C-RAN and LTE-Advanced: The Road to True 4G and Beyond, Oct 2013 C-RAN BACKHAUL WITH PCE Optimizing the connectivity between fluid baseband pools PCE based Network SON SON PCE Analytics Each BBP will cover a large geographic area ~20 macro sites Baseband pool (BBP) RRU CPRI/OBRI CPRI/OBRI RRU BBPs will be connected through high capacity backhaul links To maximize the utilization of scarce spectrum the BBP capacity will be dynamically updated SDN based PCE will manage the backhaul links between BBPs as SON is managing radio resources (RRU) PCE: Path Computation Engine NODE MANAGEMENT AND AUTOMATION Before: Micro-Management Features and Benefits NMS • Open standards (NetConf/Yang) based architecture • Manage 1000’s of devices through one Junos powered device • Reduce touch points, protocols, time, and “CLI languages” Now: Simplified NMS / SDN controller Fusion Technology • Converge network layers for reducing the complexity and cost of operations • Increase responsiveness to dynamic events in the network • Improve reliability • Manage Junos and 3rd party platforms (IP, optical, mobile, cable etc) MANAGING FRONTHAUL WITH VNEM OAM complexity can be drastically reduced through vNEM approach SON vNEM PCE vNEM Converges Layers Config Analytics database Each BBP will connect to 100s of RRU through CPRI (fronthaul) links Baseband pool (BBP) RRU CPRI CPRI RRU Within each BBP region there will be a large number of microwave and macro base stations Individual OAM of these large number of devices will be complex and costly Open standards (NetConf/ Yang) based vNEM can significantly reduce the complexity and cost vNEM: Virtualized Network Element Manager CONCLUSION 1) Cloud Computing 2) Cloud Networking Same concepts Rely on each other 3) Cloud Access Cloud Networking and Cloud Computing are building fundamental technologies that will make Cloud Access successful and move to the next step, beyond a centralized BBU
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