Restoration of Our Urban Ecology to Improve Water Quality Jeff S. Kuehny Ph.D. Director LSU AgCenter Botanic Gardens 1 Stream Delineation East Baton Rouge Parish/Capital City Warren Kron, GISP 2 East Baton Rouge Parish 100-Year Floodplain Wetlands Warren Kron, GISP 3 4 Baton Rouge Growth and Development 1940 2014 ≈ 150,000 Population ≈ 500,000 Population 5 Stormwater Protection Channel Line 6 Stormwater Protection Poor Water Quality Increase in impervious surfaces have led to low water quality in stormwater runoff (high nitrate, low dissolved oxygen) and sedimentation. Impaired Watersheds “not supporting” recreational uses or fish and wildlife propagation Backwater Flooding 50% of East Baton Rouge Parish experiences severe backwater flooding associated with tropical storms and hurricanes every 2 to 5 years. 7 Planning and Research Horizon Plan (1992) Comprehensive Land Use and Development Plan City-Parish Wetlands Program and Steering Committee (1999) EPA/LDEQ 319 Grants 2000 Wetlands Identification Grant 2002 Watershed Protection Grant 2003 Nonpoint Source Pollution (NPS) Urban Watersheds Grant 8 Action Plan 2006 Stormwater Best Management Practices adopted 2008 Unified Development Codes amended 2010 Watershed Analysis Completed 9 LiDAR Digital Elevation Model terraces faults alluvial valley wall Watershed Sink and Source Zones Terrace Name Elevation Threshold Terrace III 53 ft Terrace II 40 ft Mississippi River Drainage 35 ft Terrace I 17 ft Manchac Alluvium 13 ft Paul Kemp, PhD 10 Bluebonnet Swamp Watershed Terrace I Watershed Boundary Bluebonnet Swamp Bayou Manchac Elevation above msl 39.955 ft to 53.021 ft 17.272 ft to 39.954 ft Paul Kemp, PhD 13.000 ft to 17.271 ft < 13 ft 11 2004 Aerial Photograph Paul Kemp, PhD 12 Digital Elevation Model and Impervious Surface Coverage Paul Kemp, PhD 13 Impervious Surface Classification 2004 Built Area = 41% of Total Area Building 3% Drvwypath 15% 51% 31% Sidewalk Street Paul Kemp, PhD 14 Bluebonnet Swamp Rain Event Paul Kemp, PhD 15 Stream Delineation 5,000+ segments 88 named streams 1,469 total miles 48 miles of lined segments 45 miles of closed segments Warren Kron, GISP 16 Watershed Delineation HUC 8 Sub-Basins (3) Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) Names (HUC 10, 12, 14) Characteristics (HUC 16) Bioclimatic Variables Habitat Landform Land Use Land Cover Soil Underground Storage Tanks Warren Kron, GISP HUC 12 Sub-Watersheds (20) HUC 16 Micro-Watersheds (704) 17 Watershed Sensitivity Index Factors Points Reclassification Value Sensitive Impacted Non Supporting Sensitive Lands (Classes 1-3) 1 – 10 Highly Sensitive (10) Moderately Sensitive Low Sensitivity (1) 1978-2010 Growth and Development 1–4 No Change (4) Moderate Change New Development (1) Road / Stream Points Impact 1–4 Few Points (4) Moderate Many Points (1) Stream Density (miles / sq. miles) 1 – 10 High Density (10) Moderate Density Low Density (1) Existing Riparian Canopy 1 – 10 High % Present (10) Moderate % Present Low % Present (1) Point Source Pollution 1–4 No Sources (4) Few Sources Many Sources (1) Dana Brown, ASLA 18 Stream Restoration Priority Analysis LDEQ 303d impaired streams Watershed impervious > 25% Concrete (lined) channels Underground channels >300 ft. Low watershed sensitivity index High development conflict Top 10 Site Warren Kron, GISP 19 Action Plan 2006 Stormwater Best Management Practices adopted 2008 Unified Development Codes amended 2010 Watershed Analysis Completed 2011 FutureBR Adopted 2013 Water Quality Enhancement Committee formed 20 The vision for FUTUREBR is for the Parish to protect and conserve its environmental assets, and to foster a green, active, ecologically diverse and economically sound community. Environment and Conservation Element requires local government to “prepare and adopt an erosion control ordinance to reduce adverse impacts of urban development and redevelopment on surface water quality” 21 Stormwater Ehancement Stream Restoration Channel Naturalization Riparian Buffers Typical Manmade Environment Groundwater Protection Wetland Mitigation Reform Wetland Enhancements Green Environment 22 How do we get stormwater enhancement to happen? How do we get buy-in? State Government Local Government General Public Planners Developers Engineers Involve all the players Quantify water quality issues 23 Water Quality Enhancement Committee (advisory committee) City-Parish Planning Commission LDEQ LDAF DPW BREC LSU AgCenter Private Sector Developers Landscape Architects Non-profits 24 Overview of Bio-filtration Practices Bob Adair, Houston Land/Water Sustainability Forum Designing Green Infrastructure Margaret Robinson, Asakura Robinson Company, Houston TX Green Roadway Reconstructions and Stormwater Quality Monitoring Nick Russo, Harris County Texas Watershed Protection Tour stormwater enhancement sites Developed stakeholder groups 25 EPA Information Exchange Proposal 1) Canvass historical and current watershed data of a high priority stream segment restoration Upper Wards Creek North of Florida Boulevard 2) Analyze and quantify causes and sources of water quality problems 3) Combine historical data with current data to develop a storm water quality baseline (portfolio) 26 EPA Information Exchange Proposal 3) Portfolio used by the WQEC and stakeholder groups to develop a local tier monitoring program that will help establish baselines for water quality and flow, and watershed function 4) Data from the portfolio will be uploaded to the appropriate nodes of the EPA Exchange Network with routine updates 5) BR DPW uses baseline data to help resolve and prevent future storm water issues leading to improved storm water quality and flood protection 27 G. Paul Kemp, PhD Coastal Oceanographer and Geologist Warren Kron, GISP GIS Coordinator Barrett Chaix Coordinator, Economic and Environmental Research Dana Brown ASLA Dana Brown & Associates Scott Courtright Environmental Engineer URS Dale Campau Ph.D. DPW Environmental Coordinator Richard Keim Ph.D. LSU RNR Jeff Beasley Ph.D. LSU SPESS Johnathan Scott Bayou Manchac Group Gwen Berthelot LADEQ Paul Frederick USGS 28 29 Monte Sano Bayou Warren Kron, GISP 30 Stormwater Best Management Practices In New Land Developments Dawson Creek Perkins Road Warren Kron, GISP 31 Infill Development In 100 - Year Flood Plain Warren Kron, GISP 32 Monte Sano Bayou Pre-Excavation Warren Kron, GISP 33 Monte Sano Bayou Post-Excavation Warren Kron, GISP 34
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