Singapore REITs - Research

l Equity Research l Singapore l Real Estate Investment Trusts l
16 July 2014
Singapore REITs
Closer regulation of industrial REITs to further raise vacancy rates
 Industrial REITs are now required to lease 70% of each JTC leased property to approved tenants, from 50%.
 We spoke with industrial REITs to assess the impact, as 6-100% of their assets are on JTC allocated land. We expect
the new rule to raise REITs’ vacancy rates, and AREIT and CREIT to be the most vulnerable, in our view.
 Industrial REITs operate in a sector as tightly regulated as the residential sector, in our view. We reiterate our ACT
call to underweight industrial REITs.
In July 2014, JTC revised its policy to require industrial REITs
to lease 70% (from 50% currently) of the GFA of each JTC
property to qualified anchor tenants. Anchor tenants have to
satisfy JTC’s criteria on value-add, skills and remuneration per
worker and a minimum size of 1,500sqm. Industrial REITs
have until end-2017 to comply, but no new leases can be
signed at assets where anchor tenants take up less than 70%
of GFA. Some REITs have reported higher vacancy rates due
to difficulties in meeting JTC’s criteria.
Industrial sector as regulated as residential
JTC allocates land at significant discounts to companies in
sectors that the government wants to promote. We estimate
that 6-100% of industrial REITs’ assets are on JTC allocated
land and have to comply with current and future JTC
regulation. Industrial capital values have doubled since 2009.
Since 2011, the government has introduced measures to curb
industrial rents and prices every three-to-six months, including
restrictions on strata subdivision, stamp duties and shorter
land tenure. We expect further regulation until prices fall.
Portfolio breakdown by valuation – land ownership
JTC
Private
Others
100%
The bulk of
industrial REITs’
portfolios are on
JTC land
80%
% of valuation
JTC tightens policy on industrial leasing
60%
99%
40%
75%
72%
68%
63%
20%
36%
6%
0%
CACHE CREIT AREIT AAREIT
VIT
MLT
MINT
Source: Companies, Standard Chartered Research
Industrial REITs’ expected portfolio occupancy rates
100%
98%
96%
94%
92%
90%
88%
86%
The bottom line
Due to tighter regulation, average occupancy rates for REITs’
non-logistics assets have declined 10-12ppt since 2011. We
expect occupancies to fall another 5-10ppt in 2014-16 due to
the new rules. We expect AREIT and CREIT to be the most
vulnerable and we lower our valuations by 2.9% and 1.5%,
respectively. We reiterate our ACT call to overweight office
REITs and underweight industrial REITs, as we expect (1)
industrial rents to fall 11-22% in 2014-16 due to high supply
and low demand; (2) rising industrial vacancy rates as singleleases are converted to multi-tenancies on expiry; (3) poor
84%
AAREIT
CREIT
CACHE
82%
AREIT
MINT
MLT
80%
2011
2012
2013
2014E
2015E
2016E
2017E
Source: Companies, Standard Chartered Research estimates
Did you know… New measures to curb industrial
rents and prices have been introduced every threeto-six months since 2011?
quality acquisitions at lower yields; and (4) leasing restrictions
by JTC.
Regina Lim
Meenal Kumar
Kai Yip
Chaw Meng Tan
+65 6596 8502
Equity Research
Standard Chartered Bank, Singapore Branch
+65 6596 8507
Equity Research
Standard Chartered Bank, Singapore Branch
+65 6596 8506
Equity Research
Standard Chartered Bank, Singapore Branch
+65 6596 4440
Equity Research
Standard Chartered Bank, Singapore Branch
Important disclosures can be found in the Disclosures Appendix
All rights reserved. Standard Chartered Bank 2014
http://research.standardchartered.com
Equity Research l Singapore REITs
Impact of latest policy change on industrial REITs
We spoke to each manager of the industrial REITs under our coverage over the past
week on the implications of the latest policy change by JTC. We also consulted
policy makers and property consultants on the issue. Based on the information
gathered, we assume that 100% of business park assets on JTC land will be affected
by JTC regulations, and 50% of high-tech and light industrial properties on JTC land
could be affected by JTC regulations.
Based on asset type, share of assets with JTC leases and average tenant size, we
expect AREIT and CREIT to be impacted the most and we cut our valuations for
these REITs by 2.9% and 1.5%, respectively. We maintain our PT for CREIT at 1.0x
P/NAV, as we continue to see the possibility for a change in management or fee
structure due to the high free float and low manager stake.
Figure 1: Changes to our valuations
Price
(SGD)
Mkt cap
Old
(SGD
PT
mn) (SGD)
New
PT
%
(SGD) change
Up/
Down
to PT Rating
2014E
DPU
yield
NAV/
unit
(SGD)
P/NAV
(x)
Industrial REITs
Ticker
Ascendas REIT
AREIT SP
2.32
5,577
2.04
1.98
-2.9%
-14.7%
UP
6.4%
1.98
1.17
Mapletree Logistics Trust
MLT SP
1.16
2,850
1.11
1.11
0.0%
-4.3%
UP
6.4%
0.95
1.22
Mapletree Industrial Trust
MINT SP
1.43
2,431
1.44
1.44
0.0%
1.1%
UP
6.7%
1.20
1.19
Cambridge Industrial Trust
CREIT SP
0.76
954
0.69
0.69
0.0%
-9.2%
UP
6.8%
0.69
1.10
Cache Logistics Trust
CACHE SP
1.23
954
1.06
1.06
0.0%
-13.5%
UP
7.1%
0.98
1.25
AIMS-AMP Capital Industrial REIT AAREIT SP
1.45
901
1.39
1.38
-0.7%
-4.8%
IL
7.3%
1.47
0.99
Viva Industrial Trust
0.80
477
0.69
0.69
0.0%
-13.8%
UP
8.9%
0.76
1.06
VIT SP
Prices as of 15 July 2014.
Source: Bloomberg, Standard Chartered Research estimates
We reiterate our ACT call to sell industrial REITs, as we expect
(1) Rents to fall 11-22% in 2014-16 due to high supply and low demand: For
business parks, supply is expected to rise 9% p.a. in 2014-16, compared to historical
demand of 5-6% p.a. We expect the business park vacancy rate to rise to 24% from
16% and rents to fall 8% p.a. in this period. Business parks contribute 40% of
AREIT’s earnings.
(2) Rising vacancy rates as single-leases are converted to multi-tenancies on
expiry: Industrial REITs have reported rising portfolio vacancy rates, as assets with
single leases are converted to multi-tenancies on lease expiry and we estimate that
the underlying occupancy of single leases is c.80%. Over the past three years,
AREIT’s portfolio vacancy rate has risen to 11% from 4% as the proportion of single
leases in the portfolio fell to 30% from 44%. We expect vacancy rates to rise as this
trend continues.
(3) More poor quality acquisitions at lower yields: Industrial REITs have taken on
more risks in the past six months by buying lower quality assets. 37% of assets
bought in the past 12 months had occupancies below 85% and the average
acquisition yield has fallen to 5.9% from 7.8% a year ago. On 30 June 2014, AREIT
bought its first Singapore asset with income support, which boosted NPI yield to
6.98% from 5.9%.
(4) More regulation for the industrial sector until prices decline: Since 2011, the
government has introduced measures to curb industrial rents and prices every threeto-six months, including restrictions on strata subdivision, stamp duties and shorter
land tenure. We expect further regulation until prices fall.
16 July 2014
2
Equity Research l Singapore REITs
Figure 2: Industrial REITs’ expected occupancy rates
AAREIT
CREIT
CACHE
AREIT
MINT
MLT
100%
98%
96%
94%
92%
90%
88%
86%
84%
82%
80%
2011
2012
2013
2014E
2015E
2016E
2017E
Source: Companies, Standard Chartered Research estimates
Impact of latest policy change on industrial REITs
 Properties on JTC allocated land make up 6-100% of industrial REITs’
portfolios: Among the industrial REITs, CACHE, CREIT and AREIT have the
highest proportion of assets on JTC land. Of these, some sites were directly
allocated by JTC to end-users, who subsequently sold the properties to REITs.
These have to comply with the latest requirements on leasing to qualified anchor
tenants, as well as any future JTC policies that may be imposed. Some properties
on JTC land were sold through open tenders with no restrictions on specific
uses. These will not be subject to detailed JTC regulations. For MINT, we have
excluded the ready-built factories acquired from JTC.
Figure 3: Portfolio breakdown by valuation – by land ownership
JTC
100%
Private
Others
90%
80%
% of valuation
70%
60%
50%
99%
40%
75%
72%
30%
68%
63%
20%
36%
10%
6%
0%
CACHE
CREIT
AREIT
AAREIT
VIT
MLT
MINT
* For MINT, we have excluded the ready-built factories from the JTC category.
Source: Companies, Standard Chartered Research
 Logistics least affected, business parks most affected: Logistics tenants are
likely to be least affected, in our view, as they generally take up over 1,500 sqm.
On the other hand, business parks are likely to be the most affected, given that
land for these properties tend to be directly allocated by JTC and are subject to
JTC regulation. Ready-built factories owned by MINT were sold on a multitenanted basis and will not be subject to JTC lessee rules.
16 July 2014
3
Equity Research l Singapore REITs
Figure 4: Portfolio breakdown by valuation – by property type
Business park
Hi-tech Industrial
Factories/light industrial
Logistics/warehouse
Others
100%
90%
80%
39%
% of valuation
41%
14%
70%
60%
13%
21%
64%
51%
4%
26%
50%
100%
100%
CACHE
MLT
40%
30%
57%
20%
19%
59%
39%
10%
9%
27%
17%
0%
VIT
AREIT
MINT
CREIT
AAREIT
* Not under our coverage
Source: Companies, Standard Chartered Research
A slew of measures to cool industrial prices
Since 2009, industrial capital values have risen 100%, faster than the rise in hotel,
residential, office and retail capital values that rose 90%, 63%, 38% and 20%,
respectively. As the government sought to cool the residential market from 2010,
investors bought strata-titled industrial spaces. Primary sale of industrial spaces
below 200sqm rose 3.5x in 2011-12 from 2010 levels, while prices rose 67% to SGD
424psf in the same period.
Figure 5: Primary sale of industrial space below 200sqm
Figure 6: Prices of industrial spaces SGDpsf
800
600
700
500
600
400
500
SGD psf
700
300
200
<100sm
100-200sm
Overall
400
300
200
100
100
1Q08
2Q08
3Q08
4Q08
1Q09
2Q09
3Q09
4Q09
1Q10
2Q10
3Q10
4Q10
1Q11
2Q11
3Q11
4Q11
1Q12
2Q12
3Q12
4Q12
1Q13
2Q13
3Q13
4Q13
1Q14
2Q14
0
Source: Urban Redevelopment Authority, Standard Chartered Research
0
1Q08
3Q09
1Q11
3Q12
1Q14
Source: Urban Redevelopment Authority, Standard Chartered Research
The government sought to cool the industrial market with a slew of measures,
including restrictions on strata subdivision, shorter land tenure, seller stamp duties
and longer minimum occupation periods before asset sales.
16 July 2014
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Equity Research l Singapore REITs
Figure 7: Policy measures to regulate industrial properties in Singapore
Date
Policy
Feb-09
Due to the recession, JTC lifts 50% cap on subletting till Dec 2011
Dec-09
Government land sales of industrial land via confirmed list resumed in 1H10 as economy recovers
Dec-11
JTC reinstates 50% cap on subletting
For multi-user developments, the GFA in a single unit shall not be less than 150 sqm. Minimum requirements are imposed for good
lifts and loading bays
Strata subdivision of development is not allowed for the first 10 years after completion for selected Govt land sale sites near
MRT stations. Upon expiry of the first 10-year period, the GFA in a single strata unit should not be less than 150 sqm
Mar-12
Developers have to provide information on type of development and allowable use of industrial property in the sale and purchase
agreement to ensure buyers awareness
Jun-12
All industrial government land sale sites will have land tenure of a maximum term of 30 years, down from 60 years
Jan-13
REITs have to pay land premium upfront upon acquisition of industrial properties, instead of an annual land rent
Jan-13
Seller's stamp duty of 15%/10%/5% will be imposed on all industrial properties sold within 1/2/3 years of purchase
Apr-13
Minimum GFA for a JTC anchor tenant reduced to 1,500sqm from 3,000sqm. Anchor tenants are still required to meet JTC's
criteria on operating income, profit margins, proportion of skilled employees and R&D expenditure
Jul-13
JTC introduces Small Footprint Standard Factory, aimed at small and medium enterprises. These have a smaller footprint with GFA
from 700sqm to 1,400sqm and lower rental costs
Nov-13
Industrialists can sell JTC properties to third parties such as REITs only 5 years after completion, from 3 years previously
JTC anchor tenants have to continue to operate for 5 years after a sale and lease back transaction, up from 3 years previously
Jul-14
REITs are required to lease 70% of GFA to qualified anchor tenants, up from 50% previously
Source: JTC, Standard Chartered Research
Since regulations on the use of industrial properties were tightened from 2011, the
average occupancy rate of REITs’ non-logistics assets fell 10-12ppt.
Figure 8: Occupancy rate of AREIT assets
Light Industrial
Business & Science Parks
100%
Logistics & Distribution
Hi-Tech Properties
98%
96%
94%
92%
90%
88%
86%
84%
82%
80%
YE Mar 10
YE Mar 11
YE Mar 12
YE Mar 13
YE Mar 14
Source: Company, Standard Chartered Research
16 July 2014
5
Equity Research l Singapore REITs
Latest JTC policy change indicates how detailed regulation
can affect industrial REITs
JTC, Singapore’s government agency for the industrial sector, announced a revision
to its subletting policies for industrial properties on 2 July 2014. For third-party
providers such as REITs, anchor tenants (meeting JTC requirements and occupying
at least 1,500sqm of space) must now occupy a minimum aggregate 70% of GFA,
from 50% previously. End-user lessees building new premises on JTC land can still
sublet up to 50% of their space within five years of completion, but only 30%
thereafter. The policy takes effect from 1 October 2014 with a grace period of three
years.
Figure 9: JTC’s revised subletting policy with effect from 1 October 2014
Affected parties Current policy
Revised policy with effect from 1 October 2014
End-user
lessees
Can sublet up to 50% of GFA to non-related companies
within five years after obtaining TOP, and up to 30%
thereafter
Can sublet up to 50% of GFA per allocation upon Temporary
Occupation Permit (TOP), to non-related companies
Third-party
Can sublet up to 50% of GFA per allocation to non-anchor
facility
subtenants
providers
(such as REITs) Must sublet at least 50% of GFA per allocation to anchor
subtenants
JTC’s Tenants
Can sublet up to 50% of GFA per allocation to non-anchor
subtenants within five years after obtaining TOP, and up to
30% thereafter
Must sublet at least 50% of GFA to anchor subtenants
within five years from obtaining TOP, and 70% thereafter
No minimum occupation period for subsequent anchor
subtenants
Minimum occupation period of three years for subsequent
anchor subtenants
Can sublet up to 50% of GFA to non-related companies
Not allowed to sublet
Note: All subletting applications are subject to JTC's consent.
Source: JTC
JTC allocates land to companies at a significant discount to market prices to promote
selected industries that the government is targeting. To qualify for land allocation,
JTC assesses the industrialist’s operating income, profit margins, proportion of
skilled and unskilled employees and R&D expenditure. REITs that buy properties
from industrialists have to continue to comply with current and any future
regulations that JTC imposes. Our channel checks with REIT managers indicate
that JTC’s qualitative requirements are not transparent. Some REITs have faced
higher vacancy rates due to difficulties in meeting JTC’s criteria.
We expect industrial REITs to take time to adjust their existing tenant compositions
from the current 50% minimum anchor tenant requirement, to the new 70% minimum.
We believe industrial landlords could face difficulties in maintaining occupancy rates
at these properties given:
 Landlords will have to compete to secure such anchor tenants, which need to take
up at least 1,500sqm of space and meet JTC requirements, to reach the 70%
minimum requirement within the three-year grace period. This is challenging as we
expect an oversupply of industrial space in the next few years.
 For current vacancies at properties that have not met the 70% requirement and
existing anchor tenants’ whose leases are expiring, landlords will have to be more
selective when signing new leases as they will not able to sign new smaller tenants
until they meet the anchor tenant requirements.
 For properties that have already met JTC’s minimum requirement, landlords could
potentially seek larger, quality tenants, to have a buffer above the 70%
requirement.
16 July 2014
6
Equity Research l Singapore REITs
Industrial rents have started to fall
The government cut its posted industrial land rents and prices by 5% h/h on 1 July
2014, in line with falling market rents. As of May, business park and factory rents
had fallen 2-3% q/q. This is in line with our forecasts for factory rents to decline 11%
and business park rents to fall 22% over 2014-16. We expect business park supply to
grow 9% p.a. amid weak demand. On our estimates, the average business park
occupancy rate could fall to 76%, from 84% in 2013. Forty percent of AREIT’s
portfolio is made up of business parks.
Figure 10: Industrial rent forecasts
Multi-user
factory
vacancy rate
Multi-user
factory
rents
% ch
Business
park
vacancy
Business
park rents
2008
9.0%
1.80
2009
11.7%
2010
2011
Warehouse
vacancy Warehouse
% ch
rate
rents
28%
6.2%
4.27
64%
7.2%
1.64
0%
1.62
-10%
19.2%
3.33
-22%
10.0%
1.38
-16%
10.3%
1.74
7%
24.5%
3.60
8%
8.6%
1.63
18%
9.2%
1.90
9%
17.2%
3.90
8%
5.7%
1.85
13%
2012
9.7%
2.00
5%
19.1%
3.81
-2%
7.1%
1.85
0%
2013
11.4%
1.98
-1%
15.9%
3.85
1%
9.2%
1.95
5%
% chg.
2014E
12.2%
1.90
-4%
17.6%
3.55
-8%
11.8%
1.85
-5%
2015E
12.7%
1.84
-3%
21.9%
3.25
-8%
12.2%
1.76
-5%
2016E
12.8%
1.76
-4%
24.2%
3.00
-8%
13.0%
1.67
-5%
Source: CBRE, Urban Redevelopment Authority, Standard Chartered Research estimates
Over the past 12 months, vacancy rates in industrial REITs’ portfolios have increased
sharply. In AREIT and MINT’s portfolios, business park vacancy rates have risen to
18-21%, from 7-8%, while high-tech vacancy rates have climbed to 18-25%, from 515%.
Figure 11: AREIT assets’ occupancy rates
Business & science parks
Hi-Specs industrial
96%
Figure 12: MINT assets’ occupancy rates
Business park
Stack-up/ramp-up
Light industrial
Logistics & distribution centre
Light industrial
Flatted factories
Hi-tech
100%
94%
92%
90%
90%
88%
86%
80%
84%
82%
80%
70%
31-Mar-13
30-Jun-13
30-Sep-13
Source: AREIT, Standard Chartered Research
31-Dec-13
31-Mar-14
31-Mar-13
30-Jun-13
30-Sep-13
31-Dec-13
31-Mar-14
Source: MINT, Standard Chartered Research
Business parks’ high pre-commitment levels not a source for comfort
We estimate that about 1.86msf of new business park space was completed in 2013.
However, due to some demolitions, supply increased by only 0.04msf. While the new
assets were 65% pre-committed, tenants moved into these buildings from older
business parks.
16 July 2014
7
Equity Research l Singapore REITs
4.5
24% 25%
4.0
3.00 80%
3.0
75%
70%
2.5
65%
Source: Urban Redevelopment Authority, Standard Chartered Research estimates
2016E
2015E
2013
2014E
2012
2011
60%
2002
2.0
2016E
2015E
2014E
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
0%
2007
0.0
2006
5%
2005
0.5
85%
3.5
2010
10%
90%
3.85
2009
msf
15%
1.0
100%
95%
2008
16%
1.5
Occupancy rate (RHS)
2007
20%
Rent
2006
2.0
30%
2005
Vacancy rate (RHS)
2004
Demand
SGD psfpm
Supply
2.5
Figure 14: Business park occupancy rate and rents
2003
Figure 13: Business park supply and demand
Source: Urban Redevelopment Authority, Standard Chartered Research estimates
We expect new business park supply of around 1.7msf p.a. (9% growth) in 2014-16,
much higher than the average demand growth of 5-6% p.a. in the past five years. We
also expect the tighter policy on foreign employment to lead to lower offshoring
demand among financial institutions and IT companies. This would curb demand for
business parks (Squeeze on middle-income expats could hurt business park
demand, 7 April 2014). We think this could result in a rise in vacancy rates in SREITs’
portfolios. In 2014-16, we estimate that average business park rents could decline by
8% p.a. to SGD 3.00psfpm, from SGD 3.85psfpm currently. High-tech industrial rents
are likely to follow suit, in our view.
Multi-tenanted factory rents could fall 11% over 2014-16
For multi-tenanted factories, we expect supply growth of 4.5% p.a. in 2014-16,
following a 4% p.a. rise in 2012-13. This supply increase is a result of the large
amount of land sold by the government in 2010-13. Over the past two years, the
industrial vacancy rate has risen by 200bps to 11.4%, from 9.2%, as demand
increased by only 2.8% p.a. We expect vacancy rates to increase to 13% in 2016,
with rents falling 4% p.a. in 2014-16.
6
4.0
12%
5
9%
4
0
2016E
2015E
2014E
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
Source: Urban Redevelopment Authority, Standard Chartered Research estimates
16 July 2014
2H14
-3%
1H14
-2.0
2H13
1
1H13
0%
2H12
-1.0
1H12
2
2H11
3%
0.0
GLS sold
3
1H11
6%
1.0
Reserve
2H10
2.0
Confirmed
1H08
msf
3.0
msf
15%
1H10
Vacancy rate (RHS)
2H09
Demand
5.0
1H09
Supply
Figure 16: Industrial land sold by the government
2H08
Figure 15: Multi-tenanted industrial supply and demand
Source: JTC
8
Equity Research l Singapore REITs
Disclosures appendix
The information and opinions in this report were prepared by Standard Chartered Bank (Hong Kong) Limited, Standard Chartered Bank Singapore Branch, Standard
Chartered Securities (India) Limited, Standard Chartered Securities Korea Limited and/or one or more of its affiliates (together with its group of companies, ”SCB”)
and the research analyst(s) named in this report. THIS RESEARCH HAS NOT BEEN PRODUCED IN THE UNITED STATES.
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attributed to the research analyst or analysts in the research report accurately reflect their personal opinion(s) about the subject securities and issuers and/or other
subject matter as appropriate; and (2) no part of his or her compensation was, is or will be directly or indirectly related to the specific recommendations or views
contained in this research report. On a general basis, the efficacy of recommendations is a factor in the performance appraisals of analysts.
Where “disclosure date” appears below, this means the day prior to the report date. All share prices quoted are the closing price for the business day prior to the
date of the report, unless otherwise stated.
Recommendation Distribution and Investment Banking Relationships
% of covered companies
currently assigned this rating
% of companies assigned this rating with which SCB has provided
investment banking services over the past 12 months
OUTPERFORM
55.8%
10.4%
IN-LINE
33.0%
10.1%
UNDERPERFORM
As of 30 June 2014
11.2%
8.1%
Research Recommendation
Terminology
OUTPERFORM (OP)
IN-LINE (IL)
UNDERPERFORM (UP)
Definitions
The total return on the security is expected to outperform the relevant market index by 5% or more over the next 12 months
The total return on the security is not expected to outperform or underperform the relevant market index by 5% or more over the next
12 months
The total return on the security is expected to underperform the relevant market index by 5% or more over the next 12 months
SCB uses an investment horizon of 12 months for its price targets.
Additional information, including disclosures, with respect to any securities referred to herein will be available upon request. Requests should be sent to
[email protected].
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