1
NCC CADET HANDBOOK
NAVY
SPECIALISED SUBJECT
JD/ JW
2
Section - 1
Section - 2
Section - 3
Section - 4
Section - 5
Section - 6
Section - 7
Section - 8
Section - 9
Section - 10
Section - 1
Section - 2
Section - 3
Section - 4
Section - 5
Section - 6
Section - 7
Section - 8
Section - 9
Section - 1
Section - 2
Section - 3
Section - 4
Section - 1
Section - 2
Section - 3
Section - 1
Section - 2
Section - 3
INDEX
CHAPTER-I
NAVAL ORIENTATION
History of The Indian Navy
Organisation of IN -NHQ, Commands & Ships
Main Parts of a Ship
Types of Warship & Role
Indo Pak War
Organisation on board a Ship
Rank structure & Badges – Sailors
Rank structure & Badges – Officer & Equivalent
Mode of entry into Indian Navy
Survival & Rescue
CHAPTER-II
SEAMANSHIP
Rigging – Types of Ropes
Rigging – Bends & Hitches
Fundamental of Steering
Parts of Sail and types of Sails
Parts of Whaler and Pulling orders
Parts of Cadets Class Dinghy
Anchor and Cables
Heaving Line
Bosun’s Call
CHAPTER-III
NAVAL COMMUNICATION
Introduction to Naval Communication
Semaphore
Introduction to Radio Telephony Procedure
Phonetic Alphabets
CHAPTER-IV
NAVIGATION
Navigational Charts
Chart Marking
Map reading and NAV aids
CHAPTER-V
SHIP MODELLING
Principles of Ship Modelling
Reading of a Ship Drawing of a model
Practical Training
Period
Pg No
2
3
3-5
6 -12
4
4
2
2
2
2
1
2
13 -15
16 - 19
20 - 22
23 - 25
26 - 27
28 - 29
30 - 41
42 - 45
5
5
2
1
3
2
2
2
2
47 - 49
50 – 51
52 – 53
54 - 55
56 - 57
58 – 59
60 – 62
63 – 64
65 - 66
1
4
2
1
68 - 69
70 - 71
72 - 73
74 - 75
2
1
3
77 - 78
79 - 81
82 - 84
1
1
6
86 - 88
89 - 90
91- 91
3
CHAPTER-I
NAVAL ORIENTATION
4
SECTION- 1 (JD/JW)
HISTORY OF THE INDIAN NAVY
Period
-
02
Type
-
LEC
Term
-
1
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Early History
-
15 min
(c)
Indo Pak
-
15 min
(d)
Present Status
-
05 min
------------40 mins
-------------
3.
Introduction.
On 26 January 1950 when India became a Republic, the
Royal Indian Navy was re-designated and the new Indian Naval Ensign (Naval Flag)
was adopted on this date. The Indian National flag had earlier taken the place of Union
Jack on 15th Aug 1947. Soon after independence the first cruiser INS Delhi and 03 ‘R’
class destroyers Rajput, Ranjit & Rana joined the Indian Navy. In late 50’s the second
cruiser INS Mysore & 02 Frigate INS Trishul & Talwar were acquired, this was followed
by the acquisitions of the anti Submarine Frigates INS Khukri, Kuthar, Kirpan & Anti Air
Craft Frigates Brahmaputra, Beas & Betwa. With the joining of these ships the Indian
Naval Flotilla was constituted into a Fleet. The Air Craft carrier INS Vikrant was
commissioned in February 61. This added an Integral Air Defence & strike capability to
our Fleet.
5
4.
Goa Operation.
Indian Naval Ships were deployed for action for the first time
in the liberation of Goa in Dec 1961. In the encounter that took place off Goa.
Portuguese warship Albuquerque was disabled, after which the Indian Navy established
its command of the Sea off Goa and was able to enforce a blockade of this port there by
denying the Portuguese of any further assistance from the Sea.
5.
In the mid 60’s the only addition to the Indian Navy was an oil tanker acquired
from West Germany. With the addition of this oil tanker the range of the Fleet increased
as also its capacity and endurance at Sea.
6.
Indo- Pak War.
With the change in the Geo political situation in the Indian
Ocean there was a need for faster and more sophisticated ships to meet the maritime
defence needs of the Indian Navy. The result was the acquisition of ships, missile boats
and submarines in the late 60’s and early 70’s with systematic and sustained growth,
proper training and courage and initiative in battle, it was possible for the Indian Navy to
give a good account of itself both in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea in the 1971
conflict with Pakistan for the liberations of Bangladesh.
7.
Post 1971.
After the 1971 war, the Navy has been acquiring more ships and
Aircraft to enable to discharge its responsibility effectively. It acquired an Aircraft Carrier
from Britain which was christened as INS Viraat and two more ‘R’ class ships Ranvir &
Ranvijay. The Indian Navy has also became self sufficient in building of frigate of
Leander Class and Godavari Classes, Corvette of Khukri Class, Missile boats of
Nishank Class, Submarine of Shalki class which were built indigenously and Helicopters
of ‘Chetak’ class. We have increased our warship building capabilities phenomenally,
the recent production of Destroyers INS Delhi, Mumbai & Mysore proves this. The
Indian Navy recently commissioned the latest of Delhi class Destroyers INS Mysore
which was built indigenously in the Mazagaon Dock in Mumbai. The Navy also acquired
sophisticated vertical/ slant take off and landing(VSTOL)’Sea Harrier’ Aircraft from
Britain which can take from a small deck of ships and maritime reconnaissance and anti
6
submarine role Aircraft TU142 from Russia which increased the capacity of our Navy by
leafs and bounds making it a world class Navy.
8.
Present Status.
Modernisation is a constant process. Indian Navy is in the
process of acquiring Air Craft Carrier from Russia, Admiral Gorshkhov named INS
Vikramaditya along with MIG 29K. It also acquired a LPD, INS Jalashwa from USA. It
has indigenously built stealth Frigates in its service.
9.
Post -Indo Pak war 1971, Navy has been engaged in various operations like
Pawan, Cactus, TASHA, etc. besides providing humanitarian assistance during
Tsunami etc. During Kargil war, though no naval action took place, Navy embarked
upon OP Talwar and brought all its force to bear upon Arabian Sea prompting Pakistan
to desist from further misadventure. Presently it is active in Anti-Piracy ops off Somalia
as part of UN ops.
10.
Conclusion. Indian Navy has come a long way since ore Independence.
Starting with a small no of ships at the time of Independence, it has grown over the
years both in terms of number and quality of platforms in order to become a 3
dimensional Navy. It has acquitted itself with glory whenever called up to meet national
interest both during war and peace.
Note.
The lecture needs to be supplemented by pictures/ movies clips for better
assimilation by cadets.
7
SECTION - 2 (JD/JW)
ORGANISATION OF IN-NHQ, COMMANDS & SHIPS
Period
-
03
Type
-
LEC
Term
-
1
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Organisation of NHQ
-
15 min
(c)
Organisation of Commands, Fleet &
Shore establishments
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 min
------------40 mins
-------------
3.
Introduction.
The Indian Navy is organized to meet its charter of duties as
an important component of the Armed Forces of our country. The aim of the
organization is for effective administrative control and functional operational efficiency
from apex HQ to unit level.
8
4.
ORGANISATION OF NHQ /IHQ MOD (NAVY)
CNS
VCNS
DCNS
WNC
COP
ENC
SNC
(Training Command)
5.
COM
CINCAN
(Unified Command)
The NHQ stands for Naval Head Quarters. It is located at New Delhi and is over
all responsible for smooth functioning of the Navy. The Chief of the Naval Staff (CNS)
controls the functioning of the Navy from NHQ and is assisted by his Principal Staff
Officer (PSO’s). The CNS is assisted by four PSO’s namely VCNS, DCNS, COP and
COM.
(a)
Vice Chief of Naval Staff (VCNS). The VCNS is the head of the Staff
Branch - I. He is responsible for planning, programming and all administrative
services. He officiates as CNS in his absence.
(b)
Deputy Chief of Naval Staff (DCNS). The DCNS is the head of Staff
Branch – II. He is responsible for Operation, Intelligence, Communications,
Submarine and Naval Aviation.
(c)
Chief of Personnel (COP). The COP controls the manning requirement of
the Navy. He is responsible for recruitment, training, welfare and discipline of
naval personnel.
9
(d)
Chief of Material (COM). The Chief of Material is responsible for
providing maintenance and assistance to the ships of the Indian Navy. He is also
responsible for design, construction and maintenance of ship’s and craft
including Engineering, Electrical and Weapon aspects.
6.
Commands.
The Indian Navy is divided into four commands for
administrative and operational purpose. Typical Organisation of a Command is:C-in-C
CSO (OPS)
SL.
COMMAND
CSO(TRG)
HEADED
CSO (TECH)
CSO(P&A)
HQ
Remarks
NO
1
Western
Naval FOCINC(W) Mumbai
Command (WNC)
1.
Commanded
by
Vice
Admiral designated as .the
FOC- in-C West.
2.
It
is
an
operational
command
and
responsible
for
is
naval
operation on the western
coast of India.
2.
Eastern
Naval FOCINC(E)
Command (ENC)
Visakhapatnam 1.
Commanded
by
Vice
Admiral designated as .the
FOC- in-C (East).
2.
It
is
an
operational
command
and
responsible
for
is
naval
operation on the Eastern
coast of India
10
3
Southern
Naval FOCINC
Command(SNC)
Kochi
(South)
1.
Commanded
by
Vice
Admiral, designated as .the
FOC- in-C South.
2. It is a training command
and
all
training
establishment come under
this command.
4
Unified Command
A & N Is
1.
Commanded
by
Vice
Admiral designated as .the
CINCAN
2. This has the operational
control of all Army, Navy,
Airforce, and Coast Guard
components
respective
under
component
Commander. ACC, NAVCC,
AFCC, CGCC.
7.
Fleets.
Fleet is a group of various types of warships and aircraft organized
in a unit to fight a war. The IN has two Fleets:-
(a)
Western Fleet.
It is based at Mumbai and commanded by a Rear
Admiral designated as the Flag Officer Commanding Western Fleet (FOCWF).
(b)
Eastern Fleet.
It is based at Visakhapatnam and commanded by a
Rear Admiral designated as the Flag Officer Commanding Western Fleet
(FOCEF).
8.
Flotilla.
Flotilla is a group of small vessels. The IN has many small
warships. These warships are organized in groups called Local Flotilla. These local
Flotillas are generally placed under the Command of NOIC (Naval Officer –in - Charge)
11
who is area Commander of a small area. The Biggest Local Flotilla is based in Bombay
under the command of Flag Officer Maharashtra Area (FOMA).
9.
Shore Establishments.
Shore
Establishments
function
under
the
Administrative Authority(C-in-C) serve the following function:(a)
Training officers and sailors
(b)
Providing logistic support, berthing and allied harbor facilities to ships,
such as playgrounds recreation facilities etc.
10.
The location and main functions of the establishments of the Indian Navy are
given below:SL.
NAME
PURPOSE/FUNCTION
NO
(a)
New Delhi
INS India
(b)
Administrative establishment of Naval Headquarters
Mumbai
INS Angre
Administrative establishment of Western Naval Command
INS Agnibahu
Administrative establishment for Local Flotilla(Small Ships)
INS Kunjali
Provost establishment, Naval Detention Quarter(Naval Jail),
School for Naval Musicians
(c)
INS Shikra
Naval Air Station
INS Trata
Naval Missile Battery,
INS Vjrbahu
Submarine Base
INHS Asvini
Naval Hospital and school for Medical Assistance
INS Abhimanyu
Marine Commando School
INS Tunir
Missile storage, assembling and servicing base
INS Hamla
School for Logistics branch
INS Abhimanyu II
College of Naval Warfare
Lonavala
INS Shivaji
Marine Engineering School, Naval Engineering College and
12
NBCD School
INHS Kasturi
(d)
Jamnagar
INS Valsura
(e)
Naval Hospital
Training School for Electrical Branch
Goa
INS Mandovi
College of Naval warfare
INS Gomantak
Support base for ships and establishments, Hydrographical
School
(f)
INS Hansa
Naval Air Station
INHS Jeevanti
Naval Hospital
Kochi
INS Vendurthuy
Naval base Semanship School, Communication School, ND
School, PT School, ASW School, NIETT School, Diving
School.
(g)
(h)
(i)
INS Dronacharya
Gunnery School, Naval Coastal Battery
INS Garuda
Naval Air Station,
INHS Sanjivani
Naval Hospital
Visakhapatnam
INS Circars
Administrative establishment of Eastern Naval Command
INS Virbhu
Submarine base
INS Satavahana
Submarine Training School
INS Kalinga
Missile storage and servicing
INS Kalyani
Naval Hospital
INS Dega
Naval Air Station
INS Eksila
Marine Gas turbine Overhauling Centre
Port Blair
INS Jarawa
Support base
INS Utkrosh
Naval Air Station
INHS Dhanvantri
Naval Hospital
INS Kardip
Naval base in Kardip (A & N Islands)
Chennai
13
(j)
INS Adyar
Naval base
INS Rajali
Naval Air Station
Kolkata
INS Netaji Subash
(k)
(l)
Chilka
INS Chilka
Sailors Basic Training School
INHS Nivarini
Naval Hospital
Coimbatore
INS Agrani
(m)
Leadership and Management course for sailors.
Dwaraka
INS Dwarka
(n)
Administrative support to vessels on forward Area Deployment
Tirunelveli (IN)
INS Kattabomman
(o)
(p)
Naval Base
Low Frequency transmission centre
Karwar
INS Kadamba
Supporting Base
INHS Pattanjali
Naval Hospital
Ezhimala
INA Zamorin
Indian Naval Academy
INHS Navjivni
Naval Hospital
11. Conclusion.
At HQ, Command and Fleet level, the organization of Navy is
aimed at providing efficient administrative and logistics support to meet the operational need
of its fighting units like Ship, Air craft & Submarine.
14
SECTION -3 (JD/JW)
MAIN PARTS OF A SHIP
Period
-
4
Type
-
LEC-2, PRAC-2
Term
-
1
Revised by
-
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Pointer & Projector, Ship Model
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Hull & Terms applied to Hull
-
15 min
(c)
Important Parts & Fittings
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 min
= 40 mins
Terms Defining Parts of the Ship:3.
Hull. The main body of the ship is called hull, which is divided into three parts
forward part, midship part and after part.
4.
Terms Applied to the Hull.
(a)
Stem. The foremost part of the ship is called stem.
(b)
Stern. The aftermost part of the ship is called Stern.
(c)
Fore and Aft. Any lines which run length ways in the ship is called fore
and aft line.
(d)
Decks. The continuous horizontal surfaces running throughout the ships
are called decks.
(e)
Flats/ Platforms. Those horizontal surfaces which are not continuous
are called flats/ platforms.
15
(f)
Freeboard. The height of upper deck from waterline.
(g)
Draught. The depth of keel below waterline.
(h)
Beam. The greatest width of the hull.
(j)
Camber. The curve given to surface of the deck so that water will drain
away to ship’s side,
(k)
Flare. When the ship’s side curves outwards above the waterline it is said
to be flared.
(l)
Tumble Home. When the ship’s sides curve inwards above the waterline,
it is tumble home.
(m) Upper Deck. The upper deck also called weather deck is exposed to
outside atmosphere.
5.
6.
Important fittings
(a)
Mast
(b)
Anchor
(c)
Jack Staff
(d)
Capstan
(e)
Break water
(f)
Accommodation Ladder
(g)
Davits
(h)
Funnel
(j)
Guardrail
(k)
Doors/ Hatches
Important Parts of a Ship.
(a)
Foxle
(b)
Quarter Deck
(c)
Flag Deck
(d)
Bridge
(e)
ASP
(f)
Engine Room/ MCR
(g)
MSB
(h)
MSO
(j)
OPS Room
(k)
Mess Decks
16
7.
(l)
Galley
(m)
Ward Room
(n)
Gang Way
(p)
Cat Walk
(q)
Sick Bay
(r)
Sick Bay
(s)
Magazines
(t)
Helo Deck
Conclusion. A ship is constructed in such a way that it becomes a home away
from home for a sea man. On board a ship, the ship company can stay comfortably and
carry on their duty. Like any other profession, the parts of ships have their peculiar
terms to describe the nautical environment onboard.
17
SECTION – 4 (JD/JW)
TYPES OF WARSHIPS & ROLES AIRCRAFT CARRIER, SUBMARINES, DESTROYERS & FRIGATES
Period
-
4
Type
-
LEC
Term
-
1
Revised by
-
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Pointer & Projector, models and charts
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Types of Warships -
15 min
(c)
Role of Ships
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 min
-
------------40 mins
------------3.
Introduction.
Ships are designed for specific role.
Indian Navy has
various class and types of Ships, Submarines and aircraft for deployment to meet
requirements of the nation. Ships can be classified into types and classes.
(a)
Types of Ships.
Ship can be classified under a type based on the role
and the purpose for which she has been built. For example an Aircraft carrier is
built to operate aircrafts and submarines are built to operate under water.
(b)
Class of Ships.
Ships of the same type can be grouped into classes
based on their design and built i.e. similar ships built on same design belong to a
particular class.
18
4.
Type
Class
Names
AirCraft Carrier
British Hermes
Viraat
Class
Destroyers
1) Rajput Class
Rajput, Rana, Ranjit, Ranvir, Ranvijay
2) Delhi Class
Delhi, Mysore, Mumbai
3) Brahmaputra
Brahmaputra
Class
Frigates
Corvettes
Godavari Class
Godavari, Ganga, Gomati
Leander Class
Taragiri
Talwar Class
Talwar, Trishul, Tabar
Khukri Class
Khukri, Kuthar, Kirpan, Khanjar, Kora,
Kulish
Durg Class
Vijaydurg, Sindhudurg
Veer Class
Veer, Nirbhik, Nipat, Nishank, Nirghat,
Vipul, Vinash, Vibhuti, Nashak, Prahar
Patrol Vessels
Abhay Class
Ajay, Abhay, Akshay, Agray
Sukanya class
Sukanya, Suvarna, Sarada, Sujata,
Subhadra, Savitri, Saryu
Mine Sweepers
Karwar Class
Karwar, Kozikode, Canannore,
Konkan, Cuddalore, Kakinada
LST(L)
Magar Class
Magar, Gharial
LST(M)
Ghorpad Class
Ghorpad, Shardul, Sharabh
LCU
LCU L-32 to LCU L-39
Tankers
Jyoti, Shakti, Deepak, Aditya
Ocean going Tug
Matanga class
Matanga
Survey ships
Sandhayak class
Sandhayak, Nirdeshak, Nirupak,
19
Investigator, Jamuna, Sutlej,
Sarvekshak
Submarines
Foxtrot class
Vagli, Vaghsheer,Vagir, Vela, Karanj,
Kursura, Kalvari
Kilo class
Sindhughosh, Sindhuvir,
Sindhurakshak, Sindhuraj,
Sindhudhvaj, Shindhukeshri,
Sindhukiriti, Sindhuvijay, Sindhuratna,
Sindhushastra
Shishumar class
Cadet Training
Shishumar, Sankush, Shalki, Shankul
Tir
Ship
Diving Support
Nireekshak
Vessel
Missile Tender
22 KS
Nipat, Nirbhik, Nishank, Nirgnat, Vipul,
Vinash, Vibhuti, Vidyut, Prahar,
Nashak, Veer
Fast Attack Craft
T 80, T 81, Trinkat, Tillanchang, Tarasa
Oceanographic
Sagardhwani
Research Vessel
Sail Training Ship
5.
Tarangini
Role.
(a)
A/C Carriers. It is a floating air field; it can operate aircrafts and
helicopters.
(b)
Destroyers. These ships are lighter than cruisers and they also general
purpose fighting ships. They carry Surface to Surface Missile (SSM), Surface to
Air Missile (SAM), gun, rocket launchers, torpedoes and ASW helicopters.
(c)
Frigates. Frigates are smaller than Destroyers. These are basically escort
ships, they also equipped with guns, missiles, torpedoes etc. They are classified
20
as Anti Aircraft Frigate, Anti Submarine Frigate, Multipurpose Frigate etc based
on their function and equipment carried onboard.
(d)
Cruisers. They are ships of surface action. They carry heavy guns, long
range missiles, antisubmarine weapons, helicopters etc, presently there are no
cruiser in the Indian Navy.
(e)
Corvettes. These ships are lighter than frigates and they are fitted either
with antiaircraft weapons or with antisubmarine weapon. These ships have
limited endurance.
(f)
Patrol Vessels. These are lighter vessels for patrolling coastal areas, oil
field etc.
(g)
Mine Sweepers. These ships are fitted with special equipment to detect
and sweep mines and keep the see lanes open by clearing mines laid by enemy.
(h)
LSTS (Landing Ships Tanks). These ships are specially constructed so
that they can beach on shore and off load tanks troops and other vehicles directly
on to the beach.
(j)
LCU (Landing Craft Utility). These are smaller landing ships which can
beach but cannot carry tanks, they are used to land trucks ,jeeps and other utility
item. These are small compared to LSTs.
(k)
Tankers. These ships can store fuel and fresh water and supply it to the
fleet at sea by a method know as Replenishment at Sea(RAS), thereby
increasing the endurance of the ships.
(l)
Submarines. These vessels can operate under water, i.e. they can
navigate and fire their torpedoes in dived state under.
(m)
Survey Ships. These ships carry out geographical survey of sea and
coastal areas and prepare charts for navigation.
6.
Conclusion.
Indian Navy, in order to fulfill its charter of duties has various
types of ships. Each class of Ship has different role to play during peace and war. This
21
gives flexibility to command for deploying them depending upon kind of mission and
threat.
22
SECTION -5 (JD/JW)
INDO PAK WAR -1971
Period
-
2
Type
-
LEC
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
************************************************************************************************
Trg Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Pointer & Projector, video clips
Time Plan.
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 Mins
(b)
Role of IN Indo Pak War-1971
-
30 Mins
(c)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction.
The Indo Pak War of 1971 was brought about by the flawed
inner dynamics of the Pakistani system of governance where in the Bengalis of the East
Pakistan were not dealt with according to democratic norms. Even when ballot gave
them overwhelming majority, they were refused their rights by the Pakistani
Government, that lead to Mujibur Rahman declaring Bangladesh an independent
country on 25 Mar 1971.
NAVAL OPERATIONS IN ARABIAN SEA.
4.
The situation in the Arabian Sea was altogether different.
The Submarine,
surface and air threats were higher and assessment of threats were little confusing.
5.
Missile Boat Attack. The first missile boat attack on Karachi, launched from
Saurashtra (Okha) along the coast, was a success. It sank a Pakistani destroyer and a
coastal minesweeper. The Indian Fleet planned its next attack for night 8/9 December.
To divert attention from missile attack on Karachi, they had also planned a diversionary
23
attack on Jiwani (Makran Coast). The bombardment group, under the Cruiser Mysore,
apprehended Pakistani Merchant Ship ‘Madhumati’ south of Jiwani after she had
transmitted an SOS to Karachi. After Madhumati was boarded FOCWF called off gun
bombardment of Jiwani as SOS was good enough distraction for the missile boats to go
though the attack on Karachi. Once again this second strike also was successful. A
missile set Karachi fuel storage tanks aflame and another hit Dacca, the Pakistani
Navy’s tanker, at the anchorage.
These two missile attack on Karachi achieved
Western Fleet dominance of Sea approaches to Karachi.
6.
Sinking of INS Khukri. A submarine was reliably D/F’d off Bombay. On
8thDecember two frigates Khukri and Kirpan, were sailed from Bombay to ‘Flush’ this
submarine away from the Saurashtra coast where ships were assembling for the next
missile attack on Karachi. On the evening of 9th December, the Pakistani submarine
Hangor successfully torpedoed and sank Khukri. A sustained anti-submarine operation
over the next four days was unable to prevent the Hangor’s return to Karachi.
NAVAL OPERATIONS IN BAY OF BENGAL.
7.
In the Bay of Bengal there was no Surface threat. At the very beginning of the
war, the Submarine threat vanished after, Pakistani Submarine Ghazi exploded at the
entrance to Visakhapatnam Harbour whilst laying mines. There was no air threat after
Indian Air Fare attacks grounded aircraft in East Pakistan.
Carrier borne Air Craft
avoided attacking neutral Merchant Shipping at Sea.
They concentrated on
immobilizing Pakistani Vessels and damaged all Air Strips, which Pakistani Forces in
East Pakistan might use to escape capture.
Ships of Eastern Fleet enforced
contraband control until tasked with amphibious landing to out off escape routes into
Burma. Pakistan’s Forces in the east laid down their arms after thirteen days of war
and new Nation Bangladesh came into being.
8.
Conclusion. The war ended on 17th December when Pakistan accepted India’s
offer of cease-fire. While Indian Navy gave a good account of itself following lessons
were learnt and post war action was taken to address these issues.
24
(a)
Innovation and Exercise. Missile boat attack carried out by Indian Navy
by towing them near the vicinity of target was a plus point of improvisation.
(b)
Submarine is a dangerous enemy in typical hydrological condition where it
is difficult to detect and requires attack from air, surface and underwater –all
three directions.
(c)
Large caliber gun engagement between warships not likely.
missile would dominate future war at sea.
Anti ship
25
SECTION - 6 (JD/JW)
ORGANISATION ON BOARD A SHIP
Period
-
2
Type
-
LEC
Term
-
1
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Organisation of a typical Ship
-
10 min
(c)
Watch Systems & Stations
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
10 min
------------40 mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Every Warship has schemes of complements which show the
number of Officers and men required to man her under various condition of war and
peace. Officers and men are divided into departments according to their specialization
and these in turn form divisions or may be further divided into two or more sub-divisions,
according to the number borne.
4.
Department. A chart of the departmental organization of a Destroyer along with
the specialists borne in each department is given below:-
26
CAPTAIN
Cdr (E)
Cdr (L)
CDR
CDR (Log)
Sr Engr
PMO
Met Offr
DLO
(EXO)
ALOGO (Pay
MO
LO(P)
First Lt
ALOGO (Vict)
Dental Offr.
LO(R)
Gunnery Officer
ALOGO (Cloth)
Navigating Officer
Anti Submarine Officer
Signal Communication Officer
Regulating Officer
NBCDO
Shipwright Officer
Diving Officer
5.
Watch System. The seaman complement on a ship is normally large, It is
divided into Foxle, Midship and Quarter Deck division. In war, depending on the threat
the whole or a portion of the ships armament must be ready for instant action, to make
this possible the ships company is divided into watches. The systems of watches on a
naval ship are given below:-
(a)
Two Watches. In this system the men are equally divided into the two
watches that are starboard and port.
(b)
Three Watches. In this system men are divided in three watches Red,
White and Blue.
(c)
Four Watches. In this system men are divided in four watches that are
Port I, Port II and Starboard I, Starboard II.
27
6.
Stations & Routines. The ship company is closed up in various stations to meet
various requirements and routine is so ran onboard a ship to balance operational
requirement and adequate rest to the crew.
7.
(a)
Cruising Station
(b)
Defence Station
(c)
Action Station
(d)
Sea & Action
(e)
SSD & Cable Party
(f)
Clear Lower Deck
Conclusion. A ship is a cohesive unit and organized in such a way that it runs
efficiently both administratively and operationally.
28
SECTION - 7 (JD/JW)
RANK STRUCTURE & BADGES-PBOR TO MCPO & EQUIVALENT
Period
-
2
Type
-
LEC-1, PRAC- 1
Term
-
II
Revised by
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Chart, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Rank Structure
-
30 min
(c)
Conclusion
-
05 mins
------------40 mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Every person in the Defence Force is given a rank to denote his
position and is recognized by it. It is the ‘rank’ which groups, the service personnel as
Officers, senior sailors and junior sailors. The word ‘promotion’ indicates a person
moving up to a higher rank. Rank structure of sailors of Seaman Branch of IN and
equivalent rank of other services in descending order is as follows:NAVY
ARMY
AIRFORCE
MCPO I
Sub Major
Master Warrant Officer
MCPO II
Subedar
Warrant Officer
Chief Petty Officer
Naib Subedar
Junior Warrant Officer
Petty officer
Havaldar
Sergeant
Leading seaman
Naik
Corporal
Sea I
Lance Naik
Leading Airman
29
Sea II
Sepoy
Airman
Note:- The Sailors of the rank of Petty Officer and above are called ‘Senior Sailors’
and those of the rank of Leading and below are called ‘ Junior Sailors’.
4.
Conclusion. The rank structure in the Defence Forces denotes the responsibility
and status of an officer or sailor. In the structure of Defence Forces facilitates its ease of
discharging duty in a smooth manner.
30
SECTION – 8 (JD/JW)
RANK STRUCTURE & BADGES- OFFICER & EQUIVALENT
Period
-
2
Type
-
LEC-1, PRAC- 1
Term
-
II
Revised by
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Chart, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 Min
(b)
Rank Structure
-
30 Min
(c)
Conclusion
-
05 Min
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. The rank Structure of Officer of IN and equivalent ranks in other
services in descending order are as given below:NAVY
ARMY
AIRFORCE
Admiral of the Fleet
Field Marshal
Marshal of the Air Force
Admiral
General
Air Chief Marshal
Vice Admiral
Lt General
Air Marshal
Rear Admiral
Major General
Air Vice Marshal
Commodore
Brigadier
Air Commodore
Captain
Colonel
Group Captain
Commander
Lt Colonel
Wing Commander
Lt Commander
Major
Squadron Leader
Lieutenant
Captain
Flight Lieutenant
Sub Lieutenant
Lieutenant
Flying Officer
31
Midshipman
Cadet
_
Gentleman Cadet
_
Flight Cadet
Note: - The Officers of the rank of Commander and above are called ‘Senior Officer’
and the Officer of the rank of Rear Admiral and above are called ‘Flag Officer’.
32
SECTION -9 (JD/JW)
MODE OF ENTRY INTO INDIAN NAVY
Period
-
1
Type
-
LEC
Term
-
II
Revised by
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 Min
(b)
Officers Entry
-
15 Min
(c)
PBOR Entry
-
15 Min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Min
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Like other Defence Forces of the Nations, Indian Navy is a
volunteer force. This lecture gives a detail view of how to join Indian Navy as an Officer
or Sailor.
ENTRY AS OFFICER IN THE INDIAN NAVY
4.
EXECUTIVE BRANCH
(a)
(Permanent Commission)
SL
No
(i)
BRANCH/TYPE OF ENTRY
Cadet Entry (NDA) (UPSC)
MEN
/WOMEN
Men
AGE
LIMIT
(YEARS)
16 1/2 -19
EDUCATIONAL
QUALIFICATION
10+2 or equivalent with
33
Physics & Math
(ii)
(iiii)
(iv)
Cadet Entry (10+2)(NA)
(UPSC)
Graduate Special Entry,
Naval Academy (UPSC)
NCC Special Entry Naval
Academy
Men
16 1/2 -19
Men
19 -22
10+2 or equivalent with
Physics & Math
B.Sc. (Physics & Maths)
or BE
B.Sc. (Physics & Maths)
Men
19 -24
or BE with Naval
wing.NCC ‘C’ Certificate
Degree in Electronocs/
(v)
Direct Entry Naval
Armament Inspection Cadre
Men
191/2 -25
Elect/ Mech Engg. Or post
Graduate in Electronis or
physics.
A Degree in Law
qualifying for enrolment
(vi)
Direct Entry Law Cadre
Men
22-27
as an advocate under the
Advocates Act 1961 with
minimum 55% marks.
BCom/MCom/MA/
BA(Economics), MBA/
BBA/ BBM,
MCA/ BCA/ B.Sc.(IT), B
(vii)
Logistic Cadre
Men
191/2 -25
Tech/ BE, Graduate
Degree with post
graduate Diploma/
Degree in Material
Management/ICWA or
Chartered Accountancy.
34
(b)
(Short Service Commission)
AGE
SL
BRANCH/TYPE OF
MEN
No
ENTRY
/WOMEN
(i)
(ii)
General Service
(Executive)
General Service (Hydro
Cadre)
LIMIT
(YEARS)
EDUCATIONAL
QUALIFICATION
Men
191/2 -25
BE/ B Tech in any Discipline.
Men
191/2 -25
BE/ B Tech in any Discipline.
A Graduate Degree with
(iiii)
Aviation Pilot
Men
19-24
minimum 60% marks in any
discipline with Mathematics &
Physics at 10+2 level.
AGraduate Degree with
(iv)
Observer Cadre
Men/
Women
19 -23
minimum 55% marks in any
discipline with Mathematics &
Physics at 10+2 level.
A First class Degree with
minimum 60% marks in any
of the followings:-
(v)
Logistics Cadre
Men
/
Women
BCom/ BA(Economics), MBA/
191/2 -25
BBA/ BBM,
MCA/ BCA/ B.Sc.(IT), B Tech/
BE, Graduate Degree with
post graduate Diploma/
Degree in Material
35
Management/ICWA or
Chartered Accountancy.
A Degree in Law qualifying for
(vi)
Law Cadre
Men
/
Women
enrolment as an advocate
22-27
under the Advocates Act
1961 with minimum 55%
marks.
A first class science graduate
(vii)
ATC(Air Traffic Control)
Men/
Women
191/2 -25
with Physics & Maths or Msc
with Physics or Math securing
min 55% marks.
(viii)
Naval Armament
Inspection Cadre
Degree in Electronocs/ Elect/
Men
191/2 -25
Mech Engg. Or post Graduate
in Electronis or physics.
Final/ Pre Final Year student
of BE/ B Tech in Mech/
Marine/ Aerospace/
Aeronautical/ Production/
(ix)
University Entry
Scheme
Men
19-24
Computer Science/ IT/
Control/ Electrical/
Electronics/
Telecommunication min 60%
marks till VIth Semester / IVth
Semester respectively.
BE / B Tech (Computer
Science / Computer Engg
(x)
SSC(IT)
Men
191/2 -25
(IT), BSc (IT), MTech
(Computer Science), MSc
(Computer) BCA/ MCA
5.
Education Branch
36
SL
No
MEN
BRANCH/TYPE OF ENTRY
/WOME
N
AGE
LIMIT
EDUCATIONAL
(YEARS
QUALIFICATION
)
A Master’s Degree in one
of the following with
atleast 50% marks.
(a) Physics (Math in B.Sc)
or
(i)
Permanent Commission
Men
21-25
(b) Maths (Physics in
B.Sc)
An Engineering Degree in
Mech./ Electrical/
Electronics/ Computer
Science/ IT with m,inimum
60% marks
(ii)
6.
SL
No
(a)
Short Service Commission
Men/
Women
21-25
-----do----
Engineering Branch (Marine Engineers)
MEN
BRANCH/TYPE OF ENTRY
/WOME
N
AGE
LIMIT
EDUCATIONAL
(YEARS
QUALIFICATION
)
Permanent Commission
(i)
Cadet Entry (NDA) (UPSC)
Men
(ii)
Cadet Entry (10+2)(Tech)
Men
16 1/2 19
10+2 or equivalent with
Physics & Math
16 1/2 -
10+2 or equivalent with
19
Physics,Chem & Maths
37
(Minimum 75% marks in
aggregiate of PCM,
Minimum 50% marks in
English either in 10th or
12th class.
(b)
Short Service Commission
A Degree in Marine/
(i)
Direct Entry (Technical
Branch)
Mech./ Aeronautical/
Men
191/2-25
Control/ Mettalurgical/
Production Engineer with
minimum 55% marks.
(ii)
Direct Entry (Submarine
Cadre)
Men
191/2-25
B.E(Mechanical) with
minimum 55% marks)
A Degree in Marine/
Mech./ Aeronautical/
(iii)
University Entry Scheme
(UES)
Men
19-24
Metallurgical/ Production
Engineer with minimum
60% marks up to 6th
semester.
7.
SL
No
(a)
Engineering Branch (Naval Architects)
MEN
BRANCH/TYPE OF ENTRY
/WOME
N
AGE
LIMIT
EDUCATIONAL
(YEARS
QUALIFICATION
)
Permanent Commission
10+2 or equivalent with
(i)
Cadet Entry (10+2)(Tech)
Men
16 1/2 19
Physics,Chem & Maths
(Minimum 75% marks in
aggregiate of PCM,
Minimum 50% marks in
38
English either in 10th or 12th
class.
(b)
Short Service Commission
B.E in Mech./ Aeronautical/
(i)
Direct Entry (Naval
Men/
Architecture)
Women
191/2-25
Mettalurgical/ Civil/ Naval
Architecture with minimum
60% marks.
(ii)
8.
SL
No
(a)
Special Naval Architect Entry
Men/
Scheme (SNAES)
Women
191/2-25
B.E(Naval Architect) with
minimum 60% marks)
Electrical Branch
BRANCH/TYPE OF ENTRY
MEN
AGE
/WOME
LIMIT
N
(YEARS)
EDUCATIONAL
QUALIFICATION
Permanent Commission
10+2 or equivalent with
(i)
Cadet Entry (NDA) (UPSC)
Men
16 1/2 -19
Physics & Math
10+2 or equivalent with
(ii)
Cadet Entry (10+2)(Tech)
Men
16 1/2 -19
Physics, Chem & Maths
(Minimum 75% marks in
aggregiate of PCM,
39
Minimum 50% marks in
English either in 10th or
12th class.
(b)
Short Service Commission
A Degree in Electrical/
Direct Entry (Technical
(i)
Branch)
Electronics/
Men
191/2-25
Instrumentation & control/
Telecommunication Engg.
with minimum 55% marks.
A Degree in Electrical/
(ii)
Direct Entry (Submarine
Cadre)
Electronics/
Men
191/2-25
Telecommunication control
Engg. with minimum 55%
marks.
A Degree in Electrical/
Electronics/Powers/
Instrumentation & control/
(iii)
University Entry Scheme
(UES)
Men
19-24
Telecommunication/ power
system Engg. With
minimum 60% marks up to
VIth / IV th Semester
respectively.
9.
Note:
(a)
Women are eligible to apply for Short Service Commission in Law, ATC,
Observer, Education & Naval Architecture.
(b)
The duration of Short Service Commission is 10 years, extended to 14
years.
(c)
The training of officers selected through the above entries normally
commences in the months of Jul/ Jan every year. Advertisements calling for
applications from eligible candidates are published in Employment News and
40
important News papers in Apr to Jun and Sep to Nov every year. The selection
procedure includes UPSC examination (for NDA, 10+2 Cadet Entry and GSES
Scheme), Interview at Service Selection Board and Medical Examination.
(d)
University Entry Scheme is applicable for Final Year students only (VII th
semester)
(e)
The above information is a broad guideline and is subject to change as
per the induction requirements of Indian Navy.
10.
For Recruitment information you can Contact any Naval Establishment or DMPR
at Integrated Headquarters of Ministry of Defence (NAVY), Sena Bhawan, New Delhi110011, Tel: 011-2301182 (Officers) & 011-23793067 (Sailors) 011-23010498
(publicity), www.nausena-bharati.nic.in.
11.
ENTRY AS SAILOR
Entry
Branch
Age
Educational
Month of
Method of
(yrs)
Qualification
Adv.
Recruitment
Artificers
Through written
examination in
science, Maths,
English & GK
10+2 or Equivalent
AA (Artificer
Apprentice)
Electrical/
Mech/
Shipwright
1720
with Physics,
Chemistry & Maths
with minimum 60%
held at
Dec &
AROs/ZROs/A
June
SCs/NREs
twice in a year
marks
in Apr/Oct for
the courses
commencing in
Aug/Feb.
DE(DH)
Electrical/
18-
Three Year
Dec/ June
Through written
41
(Direct Entry
Mech/
Diploma
Electronics
22
Holder)
Diploma with
examination in
minimum 50%
Maths, English,
marks in
GK and
Mechanical/
additional
Electrical/
section as per
Electronics/
specialization
Telecommunicatio
followed by
n/ Aeronautical/
interview. Held
Ship-building/
twice a year in
Instrumentation/
Apr/ Oct for
Engineering/
courses
Mettallurgical from
commencing in
a recognized
Aug/ Feb.
polytechnic/
Institute.
Non Artificers
Seaman/
Minimum 45%
Communicat
aggregate marks
ion/
in 10+2/equivalent
Electrical/Me
with compulsory
SSR(Senior
dical/Engine
subjects maths &
Secondary
ering/Writer/
Recruit)
Store
MR(Matric
Recruit)
1721
Physics with at
least one optional
Assistant/
subject such as
Naval
Chemistry or
Aviation
Biology or
Sailor
Computer
I-Musicians
1721
Matric
Through written
examination is
English, GK,
Maths and
Science held at
Dec/Jan &
ZROs/AROs/A
June/July
SCs/NREs
twice a year in
Apr/Oct for
course
commencing in
Aug/Feb
March/
April
Candidates
should have
aptitude for
42
music and
knowledge of at
least one
musical
instrument is
mandatory.
Recruitment is
conducted
once a year.
II-Stewards
1721
Matric
Dec &
Through written
June
examination in
Maths, English,
GK and
Science held
twice a year in
Apr/ Oct
conducted by
III- Cooks
1721
Matric
Dec &
the Naval
June
Recruiting
Establishments
for courses
commencing in
Oct/ Apr for
both entries.
Through written
examination in
NMR(NonMatric
Recruit)
Topass
1721
VI Class
Dec &
General
June
Awareness and
Arithmetic.
Held twice a
43
year in Apr/ Oct
conducted by
the Naval
Recruiting
Establishments
for courses
commencing in
Oct/ Apr.
Sports Entries
Direct Entry
(Sports)
Seaman
(Acting Petty
Officer)
1721
Matric or
Equivalent (can be
Recruitment is
Dec & Jun
conducted
relaxed)
twice a year in
Minimum 45%
Apr/Oct for
aggregate marks
courses
Seaman/
in 10+2/ equivalent
commencing in
comm./
with compulsory
Aug/ Feb.
SSR
Elect/ eng/
(Outstanding
medical/
Sportsman)
writer/ store/
1721
subjects math &
physics with at
least one optional
Dec/Jan &
June/ July
Exceptionally
outstanding
sportsmen who
Naval
subject such as
have
Aviation
Chemistry or
represented
Biology or
international/
Computer.
National level
may contact or
write directly to
MR
(Outstanding
Sportsman)
:Steward/
17-
Cook
21
Matric
Dec &
The Secretary,
June
Indian Naval
Sports
Control Board,
Integrated
44
Headquarters
of
Ministry of
Defence
(Navy)
Room
No.8,’C’Wing,
Sena Bhawan,
New Delhi110011
Tel.: 23010562
12.
Note:
(a)
The above information is a broad guideline is subject to change as per the
induction requirement of the Indian Navy.
(b)
All the Advertisements are published in Employment News and National/
Regional/ Leading News Papers.
(c)
Minimum % age of marks, for each entry, are promulgated through
advertisements for particular batch & may differ from the &age mentioned above.
For further Details and Information, Contact or write to: The
Joint
Director,
Manpower planning and Recruitment (NRO) Integrated Headquarters of Ministry
of Defence (NAVY),
Sena Bhawan, New Delhi- 110011,
Tel: 011-23793067
(Sailors)
13.
Conclusions.
The Indian Navy employing cutting edge technology in
administration & operation is a dynamic service. The recruitment into Navy is based on
selection through merit and calls for bright youth to join this finest service and serve the
Nation. It also provides high class salary, housing, children education and hospital
facility to its service personnel.
45
(This lecture needs to be supplemented by movies produced by DMPR/ IHQ/ MoD
(Navy) periodically for better assimilation by cadets)
SECTION -10 (JD/JW)
SURVIVAL & RESCUE – LIFE SAFETY ITEMS ON BOARD SHIP, LIFE RAFT, LIFE
BOATS & DISTRESS SIGNALS
Period
-
2
Type
-
PRACTICAL
Term
-
1
Revised by
-
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
10 min
(b)
Survival Equipments
-
25 min
(c)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. When the ship is at distress, the Abandon Ship is piped. All the
crews onboard are mustered on the boat deck at their appropriate places with fully
inflated life jacket around the neck. They are asked to leave the ship immediately after
emergency station. To survive they need to have knowledge of life saving equipments
available onboard. .
4.
Lifesaving items. Modern life saving equipment has been designed specifically
to counteract the dangerous heat loss from the body. Additionally, in the event of
consciousness being lost, it will give the best possible protection against drowning.
Good knowledge of life saving equipments, especially personal equipment, is essential
in order to survive the rigorous of a cold sea. Accounts of recent loss of life at sea,
46
where modern equipment was available to men who did not know how to use it to the
best advantage, reveal the importance of such knowledge and training. However,
remote may be the possibility of disaster from fire, collision or standing or enemy action,
sea farers should always be prepared to abandon ship when necessary and take to the
life rafts. Every sea farers should also be prepared to rescue survivors from another
ship. Preparations for such eventualities include the provision of life saving equipment
and training in its use, but the best equipment is of little value without good organization
and high standards of discipline, leadership and moral. The chance of survival after
shipwreck is better today than at any time in the past. A life jacket is designed to enable
the wearer to jump safely into the Sea from a considerable height and to keep wearer’s
mouth and nose out of the water should they be unconscious or asleep. A survival suit
keeps them dry, and an enclosed life raft protects them from the elements and provides
them with food and water until rescued. The prospects of rescue from life rafts have
also been improved by radio beacons and other aids to detection. The following
paragraphs give details of the Survival and safety equipments used in Indian Navy.
5.
6.
Life Saving equipments on board ships are as follows:(a)
Life Raft
(b)
Life Jacket
(c)
Life buoy.
(d)
Life boats.
(e)
Distress signal with vary’s pistol.
(f)
Helicopter
Life Raft. It is a floating life saving equipment available onboard ship, which
contains necessary provisions for a common man to survive during sea rick.
(a)
Purpose. To save the life of the crew at Sea.
(b)
Types.
(i)
2, 4, 6 men for Air Crew of Auxiliary boats.
(ii)
8 for small Ships.
(iii)
20 & 25 men life raft for larger Ships.
47
(c)
7.
Stowage.
(i)
Both Bridge wing.
(ii)
In Aft part at ship.
(iii)
Large Ship carry additional a mid ship.
Contents of Survival Pack (Life Raft)
(a)
Deflation plugs.
(b)
Topping up valves.
(c)
Leak stoppers devices (Rubberised Conical shape 3 nos).
(d)
Topping up pumps.
(e)
Rescue line Gromet with meter line.
(f)
Sea cells. (Activated with sea water)
(g)
Hand book for survival BR 1329- 1.
(h)
Hello graph mirror- 1.
(j)
Sponge- 2 in nos.
(k)
Sea Sickness Tablets.
(m) Floating Knife- 01
(n)
Water pockets for collecting water from rain.
(p)
Drogue or sea Anchor.
(q)
Distress signal for day & night.
(r)
Personal locator Beacon- 243 Mega Hz.
(s)
First aid box- 01
(t)
Pure drinking water 78×400 ml 520 ml of water. 31.20 Ltr/ personal
173ml/ISS
issued.
(u). Playing Cards – 02
48
(w) Survival ration 10 Kg (1 Kg each contains 24 Tablets concentrated food or
240 tablets food or 120 tab of Glucose. Scale P/ person, P/day Glucose tab 21
day, 1/3 tab at a time.
8
Life Jackets. Life Jackets are a hood with a transparent visor a rescue strop, a
whistle, a life line, a toggle and a sea light with a dry cell battery. The battery is fitted
into a metal container located in a pocket with in the life jacket pouch.
9
Monthly Inspection (Life Jacket).
(a)
Fully inflate the buoyancy chamber & leave for one hour.
(b)
Inspect the buoyancy chamber when inflated for any damage
perishing or contamination by acid, oil or gases etc.
(c)
Inspect the visor for tears, cracks, discoloration and security of
attachment. Inspect the velco patches for broken stitching & security of
attachment
(d)
& serviceability.
Inspect the waist belt fabric channel for tears damage & security of
attachment.
(e)
10
Inspect the harness hoisting strap and pouch for broken stitching.
Life Buoy. It is a circular shaped floating object commonly used for rescue
purposes on board a ship.
11
Life Boats. The power boats available on board a ship are generally used as life
boats. The man purpose of life boats is to rescue man and material at sea.
12
Distress Signal with Vary's pistol. The signal cartridges used during sea
wreckage available in three different colours and the pistol used to fire those cartridges
are called Vary’s pistol.
13
Helicoptor. Besides all the above lifesaving equipment’s available onboard
ships, the helicopter plays an important role in saving the crew life of affected vessels.
49
14
Conclusion. Abandoning ship is last resort of a sea man. To survive at sea until
rescued is of great importance. Towards survival, it is through knowledge of
equipment’s available on board which literally decides the question of life & death.
50
CHAPTER-II
SEAMANSHIP
51
SECTION-1 (JD/JW)
RIGGING- TYPES OF ROPES & ROPEWORK
Period
-
05
Type
-
I LEC & 4 PRAC
Term
-
I
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Rope, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Types of Rope
-
15 min
(c)
Terms
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Ropes are used extensively onboard ships. Different ropes are
used for different purpose. Knowledge of ropes is essential for every seaman.
4.
Three types of Ropes
(a)
Natural fibre ropes
(b)
Man made ropes
(c)
Steel wire ropes
52
5.
6.
7.
8.
Types of Natural Fibre Ropes
(a)
Sisal
(b)
Manila
(c)
Coir
(d)
Hemp
Types of Manmade Fibre Ropes
(a)
Polyamide, Polyester, Polyethylene
(b)
Polyethylene Parafil Aramid
Types of Steel Wire Ropes
(a)
Steel wire rope
(b)
Flexible steel wire rope
(c)
Extra flexible steel wire rope
(d)
Mild steel wire rope
Rope work term
(a) To heave to throw a rope or to pull on a rope or cable either by hand or power
(b) Heave the order to give a strong pull together
(c) Heave in the order to heave in on a capstan or winch.
(d) Two six heave an order to men hauling on a rope to make them heave together,
repeated as necessary
(e) To haul to pull by hand
(f) To haul hand over hand: to haul a rope in quickly with alternate hands
(g) Haul taut: An order to take down the slack and take the strain
(h) Avast hauling and avast : order to stop hauling
(i) Hold fast: An order to hold rope under strain so as to keep it from moving
(j) To hoist: to lift
53
(k) Hoist away: the order to haul away on a rope when hoisting something with it
(l) High enough: the order to stop hoisting
(m)Marry: the order to bring two ropes together side by side and handle them as
one
9.
Conclusion.
Ropes are extremely useful for securing items at sea. They
require regular maintenance and have to be stowed in a proper manner to prevent
deterioration and thereby losing their strength.
54
SECTION-2 (JD/JW)
RIGGING - BENDS AND HITCHES
Period
-
05
Type
-
1 LEC & 4 PRAC
Term
-
I
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Rope, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Bends
-
15 min
(c)
Hitches
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Ropes can be secured to each other or items and fittings by
means of bends and hitches. Each bend or hitch is used for a specific purpose and
cannot be interchanged.
4.
Types
(a) Bend Temporary joining of two ropes together
(b) Hitch Joining a rope to a spar or structure or a ring
(c) Knots Made within the strands of a rope
55
5.
Types of Knots
(a)
(b)
Reef knot used to join two ropes of equal size.
Clove hitch useful for tying a line to a post, even when the end of the
line is not available
(c)
Rolling hitch this hitch also used for securing a rope to a spar, rail or
similar fitting when the pull is expected to be from one side or the other
(d)
Timber hitch this hitch is used to secure a rope’s end to a spar or bale
(e)
Bow line. This is the most useful knot for making temporary eyes in
ropes of all sizes. It is used for bending a heaving line to a hawser/ as a lifeline
round a man’s waist
(f)
Round Turn and Two half hitch. It is used to secure a heavy load to a
spar, ring or a shackle
(g)
Bow line on the bight Bowline is made on the bight. it can be used for
lowering a man from aloft or over the ship’s side the short bight being placed
under his arms and the long one under his buttocks
6.
7.
Element of bend and hitches
(a)
A Bight
(b)
Round turn
(c)
A Half hitch
(d)
A Twist
(e)
An Over hand knot
Conclusion. Ropes are extremely useful for securing items at sea. They require
regular maintenance and have to be stowed in a proper manner to prevent deterioration
and thereby losing their strength. The use of ropes requires knowledge of the types of
Bends and hitches.
56
SECTION-3(JD/JW)
FUNDAMENTALS OF STEERING
Period
-
02
Type
-
1 LEC & 1 PRAC
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Boat, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Demo
-
15 min
(c)
Practice
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Steering forms the basis of guiding a ship from one port to the
other. Altering course is part of steering. A ship is steered with a specific set of orders
which have to be acknowledged and acted upon, thereafter report made.
4.
Conning and Steering
The speed of ship is controlled by speed of rotation of propellers (rpm) or by altering the
pitch of propeller blades (CP propellers)
57
The course of the ship is maintained or altered by rudder
The Captain / OOW cons the ship by giving wheel or engine orders
The wheel orders are applied by helmsman (QM)
The engine orders are applied directly or passed to ship’s Machinery control room
(MCR)
5.
Steering orders and reports
All steering orders should be given clearly and in the standard form. It equally important
for the steering / conning orders be acknowledged in the standard form and obeyed
correctly and in orderly manner. Steering from course 000 to 090:
OOW
QM Acknowledge
Stbd 15….
Stbd 15
Qm Report after order executed
15 of Stbd wheel on sir
When ships head near 080
Midships
Midships
Wheel on midship sir
When ship’s head shows 090
Steady
Steady
Steer 090
Steer 090
6.
Steady on 090 sir
Conclusion. It is essential for all seaman and officers performing duties of OOW
to know the steering orders in order to successfully steer a ship.
58
SECTION - 4 (JD/JW)
PARTS OF SAILS AND TYPES OF SAILS
Period
-
01
Type
-
1 PRAC
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Model of Sailing Boat with sails
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Demo
-
15 min
(c)
Practice
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Sailing is an art in which the wind speed and direction are used to
sail the boat. Knowledge of the various parts of sail is required to understand its
purpose to ensure maximum usage to propel the boat.
4.
Parts of a sail.
(a) Head Upper side of lug sail
(b) Foot
Lower side of any sail
(c) Luff
The forward edge of sail
59
(d) Leach The after edge of a sail
(e) Peak After upper corner of a lug sail
(f) Tack Lower fwd corner of a sail
(g) Clew Lower after corner of a sail
(h) Throat Forward upper corner of a sail
5.
6.
Three types of sail
(a)
Fore sail - The sail set immediately before the fore mast
(b)
Main sail - The sail set on the main mast
(c)
Mizzen sail - The sail set on the mizzen mast
Conclusion. The sail basically consists of a sheet of either clothe or PVC Sheet
stitched into specific shapes to withstand varying wind speeds. Different types of sails
are used depending on its position in the Yacht.
60
SECTION-5 (JD/JW)
PARTS OF WHALER AND PULLING ORDERS
Period
-
03
Type
-
3 PRAC
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Whaler and Oar
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Parts of Whaler
-
15 min
(c)
Parts of Oar
-
05 min
(d)
Pulling orders
-
10 min
(e)
Conclusion
-
05 mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Ships seldom come alongside. The men move from ship to shore
by using their boats, when the ships are at anchorage. Boats can be maneuvered by
using oars and sails. Whaler is a commonly used boat in the navy.
4.
Parts of Whaler
Apron, Back board, Badge block, Benches, Bilge, Bilge rails,
Bottom board, Bow, Canopy, Capping, Drop keel, Cleats, Crutches, Deck Eyes,
61
Floors, Floor board, Garboard strake,
Grating, Gudgeon & pintails, Gunwale, Hog,
Keel, Keelson, Mast step & clamp, Pillars, Planking, Plug, Ringbolts, Rowlocks,
Rubbers, Rudder, Stem, Stern post, Stern sheet, Stretcher, Tabernacle, Thwarts,
Timbers, Wash strake.
5.
Parts of Oar Copper bands, leather, grip, blade, shaft and loom
6.
Pulling orders When a pulling boat is under way any order to the oarsman
except hold water is obeyed on completing one full stroke after the order is given.
All such orders should be given at the moment when the blades of the oars are in water
(a) Ship your oars -This is the order to place the oars in the crutches and
ready for pulling
(b) Shove off - This is the order to shove the boat off with looms of the oars
from the ship or landing place alongside which she is lying or from bottom
of the boat if grounded
(c) Give way together - This is the order to start pulling and it is obeyed
together by the whole crew
(d) Oars - This is an order to cease pulling
(e) Hold water - This is the order to reduce or stop the way of the boat by
holding the oars at right angles to the boat and with their blades in water
(f) Stroke together - This is the order for all to give one stroke together
(g) Back together - This is the order to back water together by pushing on
the looms of the oars instead of pulling
(h) Easy all - This is the order to pull less vigorously so that the speed of the
boat will be reduced. If the boat is being turned the order easy port or easy
starboard may be given
(i) Mind your oars - This is the warning to the crew to keep the blades of
their oar clear from obstructions
(j) Eyes in the boat - This is an order to the crew to keep their gaze from
wondering aboard and to pay attention to their duties
(k) Bow - This is an order to the bow man to boat his oar and be ready to
fend off the bows of boat with his boat hook
62
(l) Boat your oars - This is the order to unship the oars from crutches and
lay them fore and aft in the boat on their respective sides.
7.
Conclusion. Knowledge of various parts of the boat and oar is very essential
while putting the boat to use at sea.
.
SECTION-6(JD/JW)
PARTS OF CADETS CLASS DINGHY
Period
-
02
Type
-
PRAC
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Cadet Class Dinghy
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Parts of Dinghy
-
15 min
(c)
Sailing Terms.
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Sailing is an integral part of the Naval training which makes a
trainee familiar with the winds and tides and its influence on the movement of boats on
63
water. For a beginner, the Cadet class Dinghy is the most elementary sailing boat to
familiarize with to understand the basics of sailing.
64
4.
Term used in sailing
(a) Close-hauled - A boat is close-hauled or sailing by, or the wind, when her
sheets are hauled close aft and all her sails are drawing and she is sailing as
close as possible to the direction from which the wind is blowing
(b) Reaching - A boat is reaching when she is sailing free with the wind
abeam or before the beam.
(c) Running - A boat is running when she is sailing with the wind abaft the
beam.
(d) Sailing free - A boat is sailing free whenever her sails are filled and she
is not sailing close- hauled, i.e. when sailing so that she is free top
manoeuvre on either side of her course without having to go about (see
tacking)
(e) Wearing / Gybing - This is altering course away from the wind until the
boat is on her new course or begins to gybe
(f) Beating - When the destination of sailing boat lies directly up wind she
beats to windward by sailing close-hauled in a series of alternate tacks
(g) To luff - This is altering course to bring the boat’s head closer to the wind
(h) In irons - A boat is in irons when she fails to go about from one tack to the
other and lies head to wind unable to pay off on either tack
(i) Port and Starboard tacks - A boat is on the port tack when she is closed
hauled with the wind on her port side, and on the starboard tack when she is
close hauled with the wind on her starboard side
5.
Conclusion. The Cadet class dinghy is a very basic class of sailing boat used to
train beginners in the art of sailing. However to understand sailing one must be familiar
with various sailing terms.
65
SECTION-7(JD/JW)
ANCHOR AND CABLES
Period
-
02
Type
-
1 LEC & 1PRAC
Term
-
I
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Anchor & Cables
-
15 min
(c)
Types of Anchor.
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction.
Whenever a ship wants to hold its position at a particular
place in shallow waters, anchor is used.
4.
Purpose of anchor. Anchor is a hook, attached to a length of chain or rope
called a cable, by which a ship or a boat can be held temporarily to the sea bed in
comparatively shallow water.
5.
Types of an anchor
66
(a)
Admiralty Plan Anchor used for anchoring Danbuoy and markers and
occasionally as boat anchors
(b)
Admiralty Standard Stockless (ASS) used in older surface ships as
stream (astern) anchor
(c)
Admirality Class (AC) 14 designed to quickly bite and achieve maximum
holding power after dragging two shank lengths
(d)
AC 16A and AC 17 Anchor used for submarines
(e)
Stocked Close-Stowing (Danforth) anchor used in small ships like facs
and boats (approx weight 135 kg)
(f)
6.
7.
CQR Anchor used in small crafts like SDBS
Parts of an anchor
(a)
Anchor Ring
(b)
Anchor Shackle
(c)
Shank
(d)
Fluke
(e)
Pea or bill
Types of chain cable
(a) Grade 1-
Made of non ferrous copper based material, referred as
aluminum bronze
(b) Grade 2- Forged steel. Used by majority of ships in the fleet
(c) Grade 3-
8.
A higher grade steel stronger than grade 2 used by CVSGs
Parts of Cable
(a)
Lugged Anchor Shackle
(b)
Lugless Joining Shackle
(c)
Securing to Buoy Shackle
(d)
Bottle Screw Slip
(e)
Blake Slip
(f)
Cup Swivel
67
9.
(g)
Box Swivel
(h)
Adaptor Piece
Identification of cable
(a)
The shackle and joining shackle are marked from outer end to its inner
end.
(b)
Every joining shackle except one between two half shackles, is painted
white
(c)
One link on each side of a joining shackle is also painted white and
marked with a number of turns of seizing wire around the stud corresponding to
the number of the joining shackle
10.
Conclusion. Anchor and cable are used to hold a ships position in water. The
cable is designed to act as a spring with the anchor holding it secured to the bottom of
the sea. The size and type of Anchors and cables depend on the tonnage and type of
ship.
68
SECTION-8(JD/JW)
HEAVING LINE
Period
-
02
Type
-
PRAC
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Heaving Line
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Throwing of Heaving Line -
15 min
(c)
Uses of Heaving Line
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Heaving line is used for passing a rope between ships and from
ship to shore or shore to ship. Proper knowledge of coiling and preparing a heaving line
is essential prior throwing to obtain the desired length of throw.
4.
Heaving Line Heaving Line is a length Of Rope Used Onboard Ship for:
(a)
Passing the Berthing Howsers from Ship to Shore and Vice Versa
69
(b)
A heaving line is generally 30 mtrs of 10 mm cordage
(c)
One end will be whipped and the other end weighted with a monkeys fist,
a small sand bag or a heaving line knot.
(d)
5.
It is also used to pass the rope from boats coming along side a ship
Conclusion. Practice of throwing heaving line is essential for actually throwing
the line up to the desired distance. Heaving line is thereafter attached to the heavier
hawser and the same is passed across
70
SECTION-9 (JD/JW)
BOSUN’S CALL
Period
-
02
Type
-
PRAC
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Boatswain Pipe
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Parts of Pipe
-
15 min
(c)
Types of Calls
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. A Boatswain (Bosun) call is a pipe used to sound various alerts or
commands. Every crew member onboard a ship has to know the calls and anyone can
be asked to sound the call. The Bosun pipe is normally used by the Quartermaster to
sound alerts.
4.
Boatswain’s call. Boatswain’s call/piping is a naval method of passing orders
and information or call the attention of the ship’s crew. The expression to pipe means,
71
generally, to make the sound of the boatswain’s call and to give the spoken order, which
may qualify it. Some pipes however are orders in themselves and do not require any
verbal addition
5.
Types of Boatswain’s call
(a) General call.
It is usually made prior to announcements onboard
ships/establishments
(b) Pipe still.
It is the order to bring everybody to Attention position. It is
generally given during colors, sunset, VIP movements, night rounds etc
(c) Pipe carryon.
To come back to normal state on completion of any of
the events as mentioned above
(d) Side pipe.
Is given during Commanding officers of ships or Flag officers
embark / disembark the ship, foreign dignitaries (only authorised
personnel)
6.
(e) Hands call.
Is piped for waking up the ships company
(f) Pipe down.
Is piped to indicate the commencement of silent hours
Conclusion. Every sailor onboard must know the Boatswain’s call in order to
understand the orders.
72
CHAPTER-III
NAVAL COMMUNICATION
73
SECTION-1 (JD/JW)
INTRODUCTION TO NAVAL COMMUNICATION
Period
-
01
Type
-
LEC
Term
-
I
Revised by
-
************************************************************************************************
Training Aids
1.
Pointer, Blackboard, chalk, white board, Marker
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 Min
(b)
Naval Communication
-
30 Min
(c)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction.
Communication is the exchange of thought, idea, information
and data. In Navy communication are the means whereby command is exercised or
executed.
In
communication
the
message
passed
should
be
clear, clarity,
understandable between the senders and receivers. Orders and information must be
passed rapidly, accurately and where possible, securely between ships, aircrafts and
shore establishments. An efficient system of communication is vital for fighting efficiency
of a modern fleet. The signal Communication Officer (SCO) is the overall in charge of
the communication department onboard a ship.
74
4.
Duties of Various Communication Sub-departments. Further communication
department is divided into three sub departments viz. Tactical, Radio and Special. The
responsibility of each of three sub departments is given below:(a) Tactical.
Fleet work, Visual Signalling, cryptography (offline)
and
traffic handling.
(b) Radio.
Radio telegraphy, automatic telegraphy, radio telephony,
cryptography (online) and traffic handling.
(c) Special.
5.
Electronic warfare and traffic handling.
Conclusion. Naval communication is essential for exchange of information from
shore to sea, sea to sea and sea to shore. During war, important messages are passed
which need to be received clearly, understood so that they can be acted upon to achieve
the desired result. All cadets should aware about functioning of Naval communication.
75
SECTION-2 (JD/JW)
SEMAPHORE
Period
-
04
Type
-
LEC 2 / PRACT 2
Term
-
I (1 lectures) & II (1 lectures)
Revised by
-
************************************************************************************************
Training Aids
1.
Pointer, Blackboard, chalk, white board, Marker, Semaphore Flags Pair
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 Min
(b)
Semaphore
-
30 Min
(c)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Semaphore is a visual means of communication which provides a
rapid means for passing messages over short distances during daylight.
4.
Semaphore. The different semaphore signs are made by moving one or two
hand flags so that they form Various angles with the perpendicular, it is essential that
76
each angle be formed correctly, as good communication depends upon accuracy in this
respect
5.
Alphabet and Special Signs. The alphabet and the special signs used are
shown below. It should be noted that there are no special signs for numerals, which are
always spelt out. The numeral sign is used to indicate that the numerals that follow are
to be recorded as digits.
(a)
Answering Sign
:
By making ‘C’
(b)
Attention Sign
:
By making ‘U’ and arms waved up and down
(c)
Direction Sign
:
By making ‘J’
(d)
Front Sign
:
Made by crossing both flags in front of body (to
indicate the end of group or word)
(e)
Error sign
:
Made by succession of E’s
(f)
Numerical Sign
:
Right hand at ‘D’ position, left hand at ‘E’
Position (Numerals follows)
6.
Prosigns used in semaphore.
Prosign is a single letter or a combination of
letters which are transmitted as a single character to convey a specific meaning. Some
prosigns which are used in Semaphore and their use are given below:
7.
BT
- Break
MIM
- Comma
KN
- (Open Brackets
KK
- ) Close Brackets
AAA – Full Stop
XE
- Slant
DU
- Hyphen
B
- More to follow
C
- Correct
WA
- Word After
WB
- Word before
AR
- End of transmission
II
- Seperative Sign
AS
- Wait
Learning Semaphore.
How to Remember
1st Circle
:
A to G (Single arm signs)
2nd Circle
:
H to N (omitting J, Right hand at A position)
77
8.
3rd Circle
:
O to S (Rt hand at B Position)
4th Circle
:
T,U,Y (Rt hand at C position)
5th Circle
:
J,V (Right hand at D position)
To complete
:
W,X,Z
Conclusion:-
All cadets should be trained in Semaphore skills which is
highly essential on board ships to communicate with other ships at sea. Semaphore is
the very important skill in Indian Naval Communication.
78
SECTION-3 (JD/JW)
INTRODUCTION TO RADIO TELEPHONY PROCEDURE
Period
-
02
Type
-
PRACT
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
************************************************************************************************
Training Aids
1.
Pointer, Blackboard, chalk, white board, Marker
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 Min
(b)
RT Procedure
-
15 Min
(c)
RT Practical
-
15 Min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. When signaling by voice, greatest care is to be taken that the
messages are kept short and to the point. Voice procedure is simple and easily
understood
4.
RT Procedure. When signaling by voice greatest care is to be taken that the
messages kept short and to the point. The tendency to carry on a telephone
conversation is to be avoided. Voice procedure is simple and easily understood. It is
most important that this procedure is used as all times and the instruction in its use is
79
given to all offices out ratings who may have to pass messages by radio telephone.
Messages transmitted by voice are not invariably written down, but whenever practical a
short note of their purpose should be made Speech should be clear and slow with
natural emphasis on each word. Messages should normally be spoken in natural
phrases and not word by word. The phonetic alphabet and pronunciation of figures are
to be used when applicable
5.
RT Practical. Voice procedure should generally clear to the receiving operator.
All the difficult words to be spelt out. An example of a voice procedure is given below:
Collective DE (This is) Ctrl = Radio Check = K (over)
DE A1 (Alfa One) = Roger = K
DE Ctrl = Roger out.
Time Check: Collective DE Ctrl = When I Say time it will be exactly 1030… 15
seconds… 10 seconds.. 5 4 3 2 1 Time 1030 = A1 K
Note: While calling collective we have to control one
6.
addressee
Conclusion. The Naval communication has a unique method of Radio
Telephony. It is the duty of every cadet to implement simple voice procedures as used
in Navy. Messages should be spoken in natural phrase and not word by word. The
phonetic alphabet and pronunciation of figures are to be used wherever applicable.
80
SECTION-4 (JD/JW)
PHONETIC ALPHABETS
Period
-
1
Type
-
LEC
Term
-
I
Revised by
-
************************************************************************************************
Training Aids
1.
Pointer, Blackboard, chalk, white board, Marker
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 Min
(b)
Phonetic alphabets
-
30 Min
(c)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Some of the alphabets sound very similar especially on radio
circuits which cause confusion to the receiving operator, to avoid this standard
phonetics are used.
4.
Phonetic Alphabets. When the letters of the alphabet are read out it will be
observed that some of them sound very similar especially on radio telephone. This can
cause confusion when important messages are being passed. In order to eliminate the
ambiguity phonetic alphabets are used.
81
5.
6.
The Phonetic alphabets are given below:
A–
Alfa
J - Juliet
S - Sierra
B–
Bravo
K – Kilo
T - Tango
C–
Charlie
L – Lima
U - Uniform
D-
Delta
M – Mike
V - Victor
E–
Echo
N – November
W - Whiskey
F-
Foxtrot
O – Oscar
X – X ray
G-
Golf
P – Papa
Y - Yankee
H–
Hotel
Q – Quebec
Z - Zulu
I–
India
R – Romeo
Conclusion. It is the duty of every cadet to communicate in phonetics especially
while receiving a semaphore so as the writer could frame the message without any
ambiguity. They must also use phonetics while communicating on radio telephone
circuits.
82
CHAPTER-IV
NAVIGATION
83
SECTION-1(JD/JW)
NAVIGATIONAL CHARTS
Period
-
02
Type
-
1 LEC; 1 PRACT
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Chart, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Types of Charts
-
20 min
(c)
Chart Scales
-
10 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. To a navigator, the most useful chart is the one which can show
the track of his ship by drawing one or a series of straight lines between his starting
point and destination, and measure the steady course he must steer in order to arrive
there. Navigation deals with the movement of ships from one place to another safely in
the most economic way.
84
4.
The various types of charts are:-
(a) Navigational Charts: - They are used for marine navigation There Are mainly
three scales of navigational charts used for different purposes. They are mainly
are large scale, Medium scale, Small scale charts.
(b) Ships Boat Charts: - These charts are charts which are kept in boats and
are generally water resistant plastic.
(c)Routing Charts:-
Routing charts provide data like; routes and distances
between ports, Ocean current, wind roses, ice limits, etc.
(d) Magnetic Charts:- There are mainly twelve magnetic charts six of them
cover magnetic variations all over the world. Other six shows magnetic elements
such as inclination, dip, etc.
(e) Ocean Sounding charts:-Ocean sounding charts are used for compilation of
small scale navigational charts. True depths are shown on these charts and in
meters.
5.
Chart Scales. Charts are generally published in three different scales, they are:(a)
Small scale charts. These are charts covering a very vast area and the
information such as sounding, lights etc. are not given in detail. These charts are
generally used for passage planning and never should be used for navigation.
(b)
Medium scale charts. These charts are used for passage. The
information for navigation including dangers is clearly shown on these charts.
These charts cover a general area of about 50 – 70 NM.
(c)
Large scale charts. These charts are generally of harbours and their
approaches. These charts contain all information’s required for precise
navigation. These charts cover an area of 5 – 7 NM.
85
6.
Conclusion. Charts are used to plot ships course and also for planning passage
from one place to another. Large Scale Charts cover small area whereas Small Scale
charts cover large areas. A lot of information is given on the charts which are used for
accurately positioning the ship.
86
SECTION-2(JD/JW)
MARKINGS ON CHART
Period
-
01
Type
-
PRACT
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Chart, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Light Houses
-
15 min
(c)
Navigational Buoys -
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
05 Mins
-
------------40 Mins
------------3.
Introduction. The chart contains information on land and sea. Important objects
are marked by particular symbols. In addition, heights and depths are marked alongwith
tidal streams. Knowledge of symbols and what information is available on charts is
essential for finding own position on the chart as well as planning the track of the ship.
4.
Various information shown on charts is.
(a) Number of chart
(b) Title of the chart
87
(c) Survey data
(d) A source data diagram
(e) Date of publication
(f) New edition
(g) Date of printing
(h) Chart dimension
(k) Scale of the chart
(l) Abbreviations & symbol
(m) Heights
(n) Drying heights
(p)Tidal stream information
5.
Chart Markings.
Arrow on tracks denotes:
(a) A single arrow denotes course steered, water track, leeway vector.
(b) A double arrow denotes ship’s ground track.
(c) A triple arrow denotes tidal stream, current, surface drift and drift.
6.
Function of Light house and Buoys. Light house helps the mariner a lot to do
coastal navigation this helps him to identify various places using the characteristics of
the lights. Buoys helps to demarcate and area in the sea especially harbour.
7.
Classes of Lights
(a) Fixed Lights- are those exhibited without interruption
(b) Rhythmic Lights- lights those showing a sequence of intervals of light and
dark. The whole sequence is repeated at a regular interval. The characteristics
rhythmic lights may be flashing quick flashing isophase or occulting according to
the relative duration of light and darkness.
8.
Light phase characteristics.
The following is a summary of the common light phase characteristics seen:-
88
Fixed’[f] , flashing[fl] , quick flashing[q fl] interrupted quick flashing[I q.fl 5sec] , group
flashing[gp.fl] , equal interval[e.int], occulting[occ] , group occulting [gp.occ] , composite.
9.
Identifying a Navigational Light. When seeking to positively identify a light the
navigator should take all three of its attributes into account i.e. Physical structure, light
phase characteristics.. This is especially true when the light in question is in close
proximity to other light with which it might be confused. To eliminate all possible error,
no light would ever be considered positively identified until its period is timed by a
stopwatch and found to be identical with published information.
10.
Buoys. Buoys are floating structures, moored to the bottom, used to mark
channels and fairways, shoals, banks rocks wrecks and other dangers to navigation,
where permanent structures would be either uneconomical or impracticable. Buoys
have a distinctive colour and shape they may carry a top marks and exhibit light, all of
these are of great importance because they indicate the buoys purpose. Buoys may
also be fitted with radar reflected and may sound bells, gongs, whistle or horns.
11.
Conclusion. Knowledge of Chart markings is essential to understand what all
objects exist which can be used for navigation and finding ships position at sea.
Lighthouses are the most important landmarks. Beacons indicate danger.
89
SECTION-3 (JD/JW)
MAP READING AND NAV AIDS
Period
-
03
Type
-
2 LEC; 1 PRACT
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Training Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, White board, Marker, Chart, Pointer & Projector
Time Plan
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 min
(b)
Map Reading
-
15 min
(c)
Nav Aids
-
15 min
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. For navigating using a chart, we must know to find the ships
position on the chart. This is called fixing the position of the ship.
4.
The various types of fixing are:(a) Visual Fix. Visual fixing is done by selecting two or three terrestrial objects on
the chart which are clearly visual to the person taking the fix. The person takes
the bearing of the three objects simultaneously so as to reduce the time lag error.
This can also be done by two or three people taking the bearing simultaneously.
90
These bearings are plotted on a chart as arrowhead lines. The point at which the
three lines inter sect is the ships position
(b) Radar Fix. When the land is not visible visual fix is not possible during such
occasions we can resort RADAR fixing. This is done by selecting prominent
projections on the chart which paint on radar as an echo. The range and bearing
of this landmark is taken from the RADAR and is plotted on the chart. The radar
range is drawn as a curved line. The accuracy of this fix depends on the
performance of the RADAR
(c) GPS Fixing. Global Positioning System (GPS) is the most commonly used
method of fixing. The latitude and longitude obtained on the GPS is directly
plotted on the Chart.
5.
Instrument and equipment used in navigation
(a)
Radar.
Radio aided Direction and ranging i.e. with the help of radio
waves, the direction and range of objects are obtained. Three types of Radars
used in Navy.
(b)
Sextant. It is an instrument by which as hip’s position can be determined
by taking the sight of heavenly bodies such as sun, stars, etc.
(c)
Compass It is used to find the direction of the ship at sea. There are
mainly two types of compass magnetic and gyro. The navigational compass is an
instrument that gives the necessary datum line from which courses and bearings
can be measured. Compass helps us to find the direction of the ship at sea.
(d)
Echo Sounder.
It is an instrument by which depth of the water can be
measured below the keel of the ship. This helps us to prevent the ship from
grounding.
(e)
Log. Used for finding the speed and distance travelled through water
(f)
Plotting Table.
(g)
Charts. Used for plotting the ships position, course etc.
Used for plotting position and track of the ship
91
6.
Global positioning system (GPS) is one of the most important modern
Navigational Aid. These help us to locate our position to the accuracy of a few hundred
meters. All sea going vessels are suppose to have GPS fitted onboard for navigation.
Modern navies even use GPS for accurate launching of ballistic and continental
missiles. GPS functions using 14 satellites located at different places in the space. An
user gets feed from the various satellites in his range and then gives the position after
inter relating all the feeds. This is not fully accurate and must not be fully dependant for
navigation. We must also do plotting to cross check the position given to us by GPS for
errors.
7.
Conclusion. Use of electronic aids has enhanced the accuracy of Navigation. A
Navigator has to be conversant with the operation of all electronic aids available on the
ship.
92
CHAPTER-V
SHIP AND BOAT MODELLING
93
SECTION-1 (JD/JW)
PRINCIPLES OF SHIP MODELLING
Period
-
01
Type
-
LEC
Term
-
I
Revised by
-
************************************************************************************************
Trg Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, white board marker and projector and pointer.
Time Plan.
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05 Mins
(b)
History
-
10 Mins
(c)
Principles
-
20 Mins
(d)
Conclusion
-
05 Mins
------------40 Mins
-------------
3.
Introduction. Ship Modelling is a creative activity. It is an important part of naval
training for a NCC Cadet.
It can also be taken up as a hobby. It makes a cadet
observant, patient and applies scientific knowledge to excel in this discipline.
4.
History. Ancient ship and Boat models have been discovered throughout the
Mediterranean, especially from ancient Greece, Egypt and Phoenicia. These models
provide archaeologists with valuable information regarding seafaring technology and the
sociological and economic importance of seafaring. Ships made far-flung travel and
trade more comfortable and economical, and they added a whole new facet to warfare.
94
Thus, ships carried a great deal of significance to the people of the ancient world, and
this is expressed partly through the creation of boat and ship models. Ship models are
helpful to archaeologists in that they allow archaeologists in that they allow
archaeologists in that they allow archaeologists to make estimates regarding the size of
the vessel would be in the real life. While this technique makes the assumption that
artists scaled the models appropriately, it is useful to get some sense of how large these
ships and boats may have been in real life. Archaeologists are able to calculate these
estimates of size by employing a series of assumptions about the distance between
rowers and a maximum draft of the vessels. Until the early 18th century, virtually all
European small craft and many larger vessels were built without formal plans being
drawn. A builder would construct models to show prospective customers how the full
size ship would appear and to illustrate advanced building techniques. Ship models
constructed for the British Navy were referred to as Admiralty models and were
principally constructed during the 18th and 19th century to depict proposed warship
design. In the early part of 20th Century, amateur Ship Model Kits became available.
Early 20th Century models comprise a combination of wooden hulls and cast lead for
anchors, deadeyes and rigging blocks. These materials gradually gave way to plastic
precast sets.
5.
Principles of Ship Modeling. Ship modeling is a creative activity.
It is an
activity that calls for great skill to excel in it. However any one can quickly pick up
sufficient knowledge of this art to make a fair show. The successful model maker has to
be observant, patient, painstaking and careful.
(a)
To make the desired model he has patience and some aptitude for this
sort of work. It is possible for any reasonably handy person to produce a good
model, provided he is prepared to give time and follows the instructions carefully.
(b)
Elementary solid models for which the parts are provided in the kit and
they are only to assemble them, with the help of sequential drawing supplied with
the kit.
(c)
In the second stage cadets are required to build powered models and
sailing yachts out of kits which contains pre-cut parts, marine fittings and
95
construction plan. These steps are followed to enable the ship modeler to finally
construct advanced models from full scale plans using only readily available
materials.
6.
Conclusion. Ship Modeling is a creative activity which calls for great skill and
application. It makes a cadet to become familiar with various parts and fittings of a ship,
boat or yacht and their function. Cadets having attitude for same may opt for studying
Naval architecture available in some University.
96
SECTION-2 (JD/JW)
READING OF A SHIP DRAWING OF A MODEL
Period
-
01
Type
-
LEC/ PRAC
Term
-
I
Revised by
-
************************************************************************************************
Trg Aids
1.
Blackboard, chalk, white board marker and projector and pointer & Drawing.
Time Plan.
2.
(a)
Introduction
-
05
Mins
(b)
View Plan
-
15
Mins
(c)
Explanation with Blue Print
-
15
Mins
(d)
Conclusion
-
05
Mins
------------40 Mins
------------3.
Introduction. When a building is made, it is made from the architectural plan.
Similarly when a ship is made it is done in accordance with the blue print.
4.
An important aspect in Ship modeling is the ability to read a drawing. Generally a
drawing supplied with the kit is known as a blue print and comprises of two aspects,
these are:(a)
The top view or ‘Plan’. From the plan, length-breadth and superstructure
fittings can be measured.
(b)
The side view or ‘elevation’. From the elevation, length height and the
actual thickness of the various parts of the superstructure are measured.
97
5.
In the case of a yacht, the drawing comprises of two figures i.e. the hull plan and
the sail plan. These plans may however differ from yacht to yacht and from
manufacturer to manufacturer.
6.
When building a model, it is to best to get full sized plans, if possible, as this
minimises the chances of error, especially when enlarging from a scale plan since the
error is multiplied by the scale.
7.
Conclusion. A model is based on a plan called blue print.
Proximity to
dimension as given in the blue print is criteria for executing a ship/ boat model.
Therefore proper reading and comparison of blue print is an important aspect of shop
modeling
98
SECTION-3 (JD/JW)
PRACTICAL TRAINING ON STATIC MODELS
Period
-
06
Type
-
PRAC
Term
-
II
Revised by
-
************************************************************************************************
PRACTICAL TRAINING TO BE IMPARTED BY THE SMI.
************************************************************************************************

ARB 203 第一級総合無線通信士「英会話」試験問題 XRB 203 第一級

Vectors, position, vel., accel. - Physics at Oregon State University

Biography: Download/Print/View

Campus Drive: WEST LINE SHIP MANAGEMENT Pvt. Ltd

USNA / NROTC Information Symposium

The Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport is accepting

Philadelphia PA Inquirer 1942 a

Measurement of merchant ships underwater noise on the Gulf of

A VESSEL TO MAKE US PROUD!

York Navy Systems: Chilled Water Plant with