23061 Broschüre SOLVOKANE Version 1

SOLKANE
®
SOLVOKANE®
Solvent Specialities by Solvay
2
Solvay Special Chemicals
SOLVOKANE® Solvent Series:
SOLVOKANE®
SOLVOKANE® E1.5
SOLVOKANE® S
Content
1.
Solutions for the Future
2.
Applications
2.1
Precision Cleaning
2.2
Defluxing Electronics
2.3
Cleaning of Optical Parts and Assemblies
2.4
Degreasing
2.5
Drying
2.6
Fluid Carrier
3.
SOLVOKANE® Solvent Series
4.
Physical Properties
5.
Solvency Strength: Looking for the Best Choice
6.
SOLVOKANE®: Examples of Removing Oils
7. Specifications
8.
Material Compatibility: Balanced Performance
8.1 Plastics and Elastomers
8.2 Metals
9.
Environmental Effects and Regulations
10.
Flammability
11.
Safety and Handling
12.
Packaging
Contact
Solvay Special Chemicals
3
1. Solutions for
the Future
The SOLVOKANE® solvent series, based on the azeotropic, non-flammable mixture of SOLKANE® 365mfc (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane) and t-DCE
(1,2-dichloroethlylene), was developed and patented by Solvay Fluor GmbH
to meet present and future demands of the precision cleaning industries.
Due to the applications different components are added for the different
types to meet our customers requirements.
The phase-out of conventional solutions (e.g., CFCs and HCFCs) has
required alternative products. SOLVOKANE® offers product characteristics
which are very close to HCFC141b and CFC113, with a Kauri Butanol (Kb)
Index of 25. Based on recent lab tests, the solvency power versus common
contaminants is stronger than the Kb value (25) would suggest.
The SOLVOKANE® solvent series offers a new generation, environmentally-compatible solvents of colorless liquids without ozone depletion potential (ODP=0) and many favourable properties which make them superior
replacements for CFCs, HCFCs and other traditional solvents.
For effective cleaning applications at 1 atm, the individual boiling points of
SOLVOKANE® series solvents are between 35 °C – 36 °C. SOLVOKANE
solvents have a density of 1.23 kg/dm3, a value that ensures sufficient
mechanical strength for effective particle or dust removal, while not being
too high in order to provide economic options.
2. Applications
The SOLVOKANE® solvent series can be used for a wide range of applications. For example, it is used in vapor degreasing or vacuum cleaning
machines to treat a wide variety of materials and parts. It can be used as
a soil removal agent, removing such contaminants as particles or greases
easily, quickly and with no residue. This is a basic requirement in hard
disc drive or PCB (Printed Circuit Boards) cleaning, as well as in optical
lens production. Excellent results were also achieved in oil removal, i. e.
SOLVOKANE® also removes a wide range of different types of silicone oils,
something that may not be achieved with standard solvents.
Type SOLVOKANE® S is our drying agent for effective water displacement
drying. SOLVOKANE® S is typically used in combination with SOLVOKANE®.
Solvents of the SOLVOKANE® solvent series are not as aggressive as other
standard chlorinated solvents, making it possible to remove soils without
attacking assemblies. Due to the boiling point, fast and efficient drying can
be achieved after the cleaning procedure, which helps to decrease manufacturing time.
SOLVOKANE® solvent series used as a carrier fluid is another advantageous application, especially during production of ball bearings where it is
necessary to place anticorrosive agents on products’ surfaces.
4
Solvay Special Chemicals
2.1 Precision Cleaning
Precision cleaning applications are characterized by the highest requirements for cleanliness of sensitive parts. They usually occur in the final
assembly stages of a production process and typically involve parts composed of mixed materials. The physical properties of the SOLVOKANE®
series include low surface tension, good creeping properties and excellent
material compatibility.
2.2 Defluxing Electronics
A larger selection of construction materials is used today to manufacture
smaller, tighter and more powerful components. While so-called “no-clean”
fluxes are gaining momentum in some applications, they may not be an
option for others; and often they may need post treatment. SOLVOKANE®
E1.5 is an eminently suitable option for many cleaning tasks in this segment.
2.3 Cleaning of Optical Parts and Assemblies
Fibre optic products, lenses and camera assemblies all require diligent yet
sensitive cleaning methods. SOLVOKANE® is very suitable for these applications, either as a pure substance or as a part of a customized formulation.
2.4 Degreasing
While hydrocarbon or aqueous systems are typically used for coarse or
heavy duty cleaning, many require more precise and delicate cleaning
methods. SOLVOKANE® is exceptionally suited for these applications. Due
to the individual boiling point a drying step is automatically included, making
additional energy-intensive drying steps using hot air systems unnecessary.
This is not only cost-effective, but also helps decrease the manufacturing
time.
2.5 Drying
Industrial drying of cleaned parts is often the rate-determining step. Using
SOLVOKANE® S in commercial displacement drying systems offers the
same advantages like phased out CFC113 which are rapid spot-free drying
of parts with complex geometries.
2.6 Fluid Carrier
SOLVOKANE®, with its respective formulations, is also used to dissolve
and precisely dispose of specialized fluorinated lubricants or coatings.
Due to effective solvency against fluorinated lubricants or polymers make
SOLVOKANE® solvent series an excellent choice for hard-disk-drive manufacturers or the medical industry.
Solvay Special Chemicals
5
3. SOLVOKANE®
Solvent Series
SOLVOKANE®
SOLVOKANE®, our standard or “basic” solvent is an azeotropic mixture
of SOLKANE® 365 and t-Dichloroethylene and does not show a flash
point, certified by test according to DIN/EN/ISO 13736 by PTB Germany.
It can be or is used for a number of applications as a starting point or
component for more complex or customized solvent formulations.
Commercial availability in 235 kg drums.
SOLVOKANE® E1.5
SOLVOKANE® E1.5 is a combination of SOLVOKANE® with a small
portion of Ethanol which has increased solvency capabilities especially for contaminants common in the electronics industry such
as brazing fluxes. Like normal SOLVOKANE® the product has no
flash point. Physical properties are very comparable to those of
SOLVOKANE® while SOLVOKANE® E1.5 also forms an azeotrope.
Commercial availability in 235 kg drums.
SOLVOKANE® S
SOLVOKANE® S is SOLVOKANE® with content of a special
choosen surfactant. SOLVOKANE® S is designed for drying applications and typically operates in a three-stage vapor degreasing / drying unit together with normal SOLVOKANE® in the final rinse.
Commercial availability in 235 kg drums.
4. Physical Properties
Comparison of the SOLVOKANE® types with traditional solvents.
CFC 113
nPB
MC
t-DCE
PER
TCE
TCA
C2Cl3F3
C 3H7Br
CH2Cl2
C2H2Cl2
C2Cl4
C2HCl3
C2H3Cl3
Molecular Weight [g/mol]
187.4
123.0
84.9
97.0
165.8
131.4
133.4
Density at 20 °C [g/cm3]
1.56b
1.33a
1.33
1.26
1.62
1.46
1.32b
48
70
40
48
121
87
74
ODP: Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP is zero
when not regulated by the Montreal Protocol)
GWP: Global Warming Potential
(IPCC 4th Assessment Report 2007)
TWA: Time-weighted average
N/A: Not available
CFC 113: 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane
Formula
n-PB: n-Propyl bromide
Boiling Point [°C]
MC: Methylene chloride
Freezing Point [°C]
– 35
– 110
– 95
–49
– 23
– 87
– 45
PER: Perchloroethylene
Vapor Pressure at 25°
[mbar]
445
147
467a
432
24
63
161
TCE: Trichloroethylene
Flash Point [°C]
None
21
None
2.2
None
None
None
TCA: 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Lower Explosion Level
[% in air]
None
4.0
13.0
6.7
None
8.0
7.0
Upper Explosion Level
[% in air]
None
7.8
23.0
18.0
None
10.5
13.0
0.8
0.027
None
None
None
None
0.12
GWP – 100 yr
6130
0.31
8.7
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
8-h TWA [ppmv]
1000
10
25
200
25
50
350
Surface Tension at 25°C
[mN/m]
17.3
25.9
28.1a
27.5
32.3a
26.4
25.6
Viscosity Liquid at 25°C
[mPa.s]
0.68
0.49
0.44a
0.40
0.75
0.54
0.80
Heat of Vaporiz. at Bp.
[kJ/kg]
146
246
330
301
210
239
243
Specific heat at 20°C [kJ/kg °C]
0.88
1.13b
1.17
0.87
0.86
0.92b
1.08
Refractive Index at 20°C
1.35b
1.439
1.424
1.446
1.505
1.478
1.437
32
125
136
117
90
129
124
t-DCE: trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
HFE 449s1: Methyl nonafluorobutyl ether
HFE 569sf2: Ethyl nonafluorobutyl ether
HCFC 225ca:
3,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane
HCFC 225cb:
1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane
HFC 4310mee:
1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-Decafluoropentane
HFC 365mfc: 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluorobutane
HCFC 141b: 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane
a: @ 20°C, b: @ 25°C, c: N/A for Galden
ODP
Kauri Butanol Index
Table 1: Physical Properties
6
Solvay Special Chemicals
Washing and degreasing plant Riebesam MRC 250 for application tests with SOLVOKANE®
solvent at the Solvay Fluor research center in Hanover
HFE
449s1
HFE
569sf2
HCFC 141b
HCFC
225ca/cb
HFC
4310mee
SOLKANE®
365mfc
C 5H3F 9O
C 6H5F 9O
C2H3Cl2F
C 3HCl2F5
C 5H2F10 C 4H5F5
250.1
264.1
117.0
202.9
252.0
1.52b
1.43b
1.24b
1.55b
61
76
32
– 135
– 138
269
SOLVOKANE®
SOLVOKANE®
E 1.5
SOLVOKANE®
S
Solkatherm®
SES 36
C 4H5F5 +
C2H2Cl2
C 4H5F5 +
C2H2Cl2 +
C2H 6O
C 4H5F5 +
C2H2Cl2 +
Surfactant
C 4H5F5 +
Galden
148.1
127.8
124.5
127.9
184.5
Molecular Weight [g/mol]
1.58b
1.26
1.23
1.25
1.23
1.37
Density at 20 °C [g/cm3]
54
55
40
36
35
35
36
– 103
– 131
– 80
– 35
– 43
– 43
–43
– 40
Freezing Point [°C]
145
759
278
301
530
693
701
706
700
Vapor Pressure at 25° [mbar]
None
None
None
None
None
< –27
None
None
None
None
Flash Point [°C]
None
2.4
5.6
None
None
3.6
5.4
3.8
4.0
5.5
Lower Explosion Level [%
in air]
None
12.4
17.7
None
None
13.3
9.4
13.7
12.5
11.0
Upper Explosion Level [%
in air]
None
None
0.11
0.03
None
None
None
None
None
None
ODP
297
59
725
382
1640
794
556
547
555
4121
GWP – 100 yr
750
200
500
25 – 250
200
1000
200 – 1000
200 – 1000
200 – 1000
1000
8-h TWA [ppmv]
13.6a
13.6a
19.3
16.2
14.1
15.0
17.8
17.9
18.8
N/A
Surface Tension at 25°C
[mN/m]
0.61
0.61
0.43
0.59
0.67
0.40
0.53
0.46
0.47
N/A
Viscosity Liquid at 25°C
[mPa.s]
126
126
219
138
130
177
209
228
209
129
Heat of Vaporiz. at Bp. [kJ/kg]
1.21b
1.21b
1.16
1.05b
1.13
1.47b
1.30
1.34
1.30
1.21
Specific heat at 20°C [kJ/kg °C]
1.267
1.282
1.369
1.326
1.24b
1.280
1.325
1.325
1.326
N/A
Refractive Index at 20°C
10
10
56
31
9
14
25
22
20
15
Kauri Butanol Index
Formula
Boiling Point [°C]
c
Solvay Special Chemicals
7
5. Solvency Strength:
Looking for
the Best Choice
The Kauri-Butanol index of SOLVOKANE® is comparable to that of CFC113
or n-Hexane, but in some cases it offers advantageous solvent properties.
It is low enough to be classified among the mild and selective solvents used
in many fields like electronics, optics, precision cleaning, and treatment of
assem blies made of various plastics.
The low surface tension of SOLVOKANE® allows for good wetting and
excellent creeping facilities. It is, therefore, well suited for the treatment of
complicated parts.
Kauri-Butanol Value
The ASTM Kauri-Butanol method measures the relative power of solvents.
This method includes an index ranking solvents for their ability to dissolve
other materials. Although SOLVOKANE® has a moderate Kb value, its solvency effect is more efficient than this value indicates, due to its polarity
and chemical affinity.
Kauri-Butanol index of various solvents
HFC-4310mee
9
HFE-7100
10
SOLKANE®
14
Dodecane
19
SOLVOKANE® S
20
SOLVOKANE® E1.5
22
SOLVOKANE®
25
n-Hexane
27
CFC 113
32
Hexane
34
Cyclohexane
54
SOLKANE® 141b
56
p-Xylene
83
Perchlorethylene
90
Benzene
100
Toluene
105
Trichlorethylene
129
Methylene chloride
136
Table 2: Kauri-Butanol index
Kauri-Kopal is a natural tree resin, which is used to analyze and compare solvency
strength.
8
Solvay Special Chemicals
6. SOLVOKANE®:
Examples of
Removing Oils
The following chart rates visual cleanliness as well as results from a water
drop test. The water drop test determines cleanliness from the contact
angle at which a liquid forms on a surface; but it also depends on the surface material. The test results refer to SOLVOKANE®.
Operating in a standard three chamber cleaning machine with SOLVOKANE®,
which is equipped with ultrasonic of 32 kHz and heated basins. The initial
degreasing took place at 32 °C for three minutes, followed by rinsing at
36 °C vapor for three minutes.
Pollutant
Visual test
Water drop test
Finger Print
acceptable
good
good
good
Medium viscosity oil
acceptable
acceptable
High viscosity oil
acceptable
acceptable
Very high viscosity oil
good
deficient
Chlorinated Oil
good
acceptable
Silicone Oil
good
deficient
acceptable
deficient
deficient
deficient
Silicone Varnish
good
acceptable
Water Sol. Varnish
good
good
acceptable
acceptable
deficient
deficient
Low viscosity oil
Visualisation of water drop test, before and
after cleaning an aluminum sheet
Water Soluble Oil
Wax
Vaseline
Perfluorinated Grease
Table 3: Visual test/water drop test
7. Specifications
The following table shows the typical composition of the azeotropic
SOLVOKANE® mixture, which leads to the non-flammable properties. The
stabilizer is a carefully chosen combination of different materials ensuring
stability of the formulation. It helps to eliminate the flash point while not
effecting its performance as a solvent.
Ingredients
concentration
SOLKANE® 365 (C4H5F5)
≥ 50 % wt.
t-DCE (C2H2Cl2)
< 50 % wt.
Purity
≥ 99.7 % wt.
Acidity
< 1 ppm
Water
< 100 ppm
Residue
< 10 ppm
Table 4: Specifications of SOLVOKANE®
Data are representative for the SOLVOKANE® series. SOLVOKANE® E1.5
includes the azeotropic amount of Ethanol, while SOLVOKANE® S includes
the optimized concentration of surfactant.
Solvay Special Chemicals
9
8. Material
Compatibility:
Balanced Performance
Compatibility of materials with solvents is a major design criterion for any
cleaning process. Such compatibility issues are known to be most critical
for elastomers, plastics and other materials.
The market offers a wide variety of elastomer and plastic materials, which
are made of similar raw materials and which are only differentiated by certain additives. These additives may affect thermal and mechanical stability,
swelling properties, and resistance to ageing of elastomers and plastics.
Due to the large variety of compounds, compatibility tests were carried out
with SOLVOKANE® series in combination with different materials. Short
term treatment resistance tests were done in standard vapor degreasing
cleaning equipment, followed by cleaning, rinsing and drying steps. Total
exposure to the solvent was six minutes. In addition, long term exposure
compatibility was tested in static storage tests at defined temperatures for
defined periods. The samples were examined for changes in volume, mass
and appearance.
10
Solvay Special Chemicals
8.1 Plastics and Elastomers
Knowledge of resistance of assemblies or units is essential when designing a cleaning process. Solvay Fluor tested different materials following
a procedure that simulates automatic machine steps. These are: dipping in
boiling solvent (pre-cleaning), cooling in condensate, flushing in vapor (each
two minutes), and drying.
The resistance of elastomers must be checked before application. Due to
various types of elastomers (chemical bonding or treatment during production), behavior can differ.
Depending on various types or polymerization levels of plastics or materials,
the Solvay Fluor technical service center offers our customers lab assistance to validate material resistances for their application. We also offer
our customers services such as development of individual and adjusted
(new) combinations with other solvents.
Abbreviation Substance
Weight
Size
Plastics
ABS
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
o
o
PA 6
Polyamide
+
+
PC
Polycarbonate
+
+
PE-HWST
Polyethylene
+
o
PETG
Polyethylene terephthalate
+
+
POM
Polyoxymethylene
+
+
PP
Polypropylene
+
+
PTFE
Polytetrafluoroethylene
+
+
PVC
Polyvinylchloride
+
+
EPDM 70
Ethylene-propylene-diene rubber
+
+
CSM 70
Chlorosulfonated polyethylene
+
+
PFR
Fluorinated rubber
+
+
Si VMQ 70
Silicone-rubber VMQ
+
+
CR
Polymerized chlorobutadiene (Neoprene®)
–
o
NBR 70
Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber
–
o
Vi FPM 70
Fluorinated rubber (Viton®)
–
–
NR
Rubber arabicum
o
+
Elastomers
Table 5: Short term Plastic/Elastomere compatibility: treatment in a 3 chamber vapor
degreaser at 36°C. Data are representative for all three SOLVOKANE® types.
Symbols:
+
o
–
*
=
=
=
=
c o m p ati b l e
(c h a n g e s
<
borderline (c ha ng e s
<
incompatible
(c h a n g e s
>
no information/investigations necessary
1%)
5%)
5%)
8.2 Metals
Tested standard metals containing alloys and tin ware such as
Al/Cu/Fe/steel and Mg were not affected by SOLVOKANE®.
Solvay Special Chemicals
11
9. Environmental
Effects and
Regulations
After the phase-out of CFC113 and HCFC141b in Europe and other parts of
the world, solutions for some solvent applications remain uncertain.
After CFC113 production was discontinued, HCFC141b and, in some markets, HCFC225, were considered good alternatives for many applications.
HCFC’s however have a residual ODP and are governed by phase out
schedules.
The challenge now is to find solvent formulations to meet the needs of any
given specific application. SOLVOKANE® series provides the opportunity to
adjust a number of parameters to obtain the desired properties.
With the environmental issue concerning ozone depletion leading to an accelerated phase-out of HCFCs, the contribution to global warming by greenhouse gases becomes more and more a topic of interest. Consequently,
the Global Warming Potentials (GWP) of the new solvents used must be
taken into consideration, as well as their material compatibility and safety
related properties like toxicity and flammability.
SOLVOKANE® series shows advantages in comparison to other solvents
according emission, health protection, safety and environmental issues like
ODP and GWP (see page 6, table 1).
When using solvents, national and respectively regional regulations, such
as the European regulation EC 842/2006 on certain fluorinated greenhouse
gases have to be considered.
In case of further questions please contact our technical service.
12
Solvay Special Chemicals
10. Flammability
SOLVOKANE® series shows no flash point according DIN 13736 and ASTM
D93.
Despite the absence of flash point, vapor from SOLVOKANE®, when in
contact with air, can form explosive mixtures. Lower and upper limits are
noted in the table below. A number of conventional solvents, such as HCFC
141b, Trichlorethylene (TCE) or Methylenechloride (MC) show identical flammability behaviour. But as seen in the comparison (see page 6, table 1)
and in this chart, the window of SOLVOKANE® between lower and upper
explosion limits is much narrower.
Standard precautions should be applied in form of good ventilation, grounding of equipment filling/refilling and pumping and avoiding contact with
open fire or electrical sparks.
Flash point
Lower explosion
limit [LEL, Vol%]
Upper explosion
limit [UEL, Vol%]
Explosion limit
window [Vol%]
SOLVOKANE®
None
5.4
9.4
4.0
SOLVOKANE
E1.5
None
3.8
13.7
9.9
SOLVOKANE® S
None
4.0
12.5
8.5
HCFC 141b
None
5.6
17.7
12.1
TCE
None
8.0
10.5
2.5
MC
None
13.0
22.0
9.0
®
Table 6: Flash point and Explosion limit window.
Solvay Special Chemicals
13
11. Safety and
Handling
When working with SOLVOKANE® series, safety equipment should be worn
at all times. Listed below are general safety and health instructions, but for
more detailed information, please read our MSDS which may be downloaded from www.solvayfluor.com or ordered from our technical service.
Eye protection
Safety goggles must be worn when handling SOLVOKANE®. These goggles will prevent any liquid from coming into contact with eyes, preventing
possible damage.
Hand protection
SOLVOKANE® dissolves grease and oil. If it comes into contact with skin, it
removes the protective film of grease and makes the contact area sensitive
to cold and infection. Suitable safety gloves will provide adequate protection.
Inhalation protection
If a high concentration of SOLVOKANE® vapor is inhaled, it displaces
necessary oxygen with a risk of possible asphyxiation. Ventilate the workplace to avoid high concentrations of this vapor. Pay attention for threshold
limit values.
Do not smoke while handling SOLVOKANE®. While it is neither flammable
nor toxic, the high temperature that the cigarette reaches during inhalation
may decompose SOLVOKANE® vapors into toxic substances.
12. Packaging
14
Solvay Special Chemicals
SOLVOKANE® standard packaging
n 235 kg net metal returnable drums
Solvay Special Chemicals
15
Phone
Fax
+49 511 857-2444
+49 511 817338
[email protected]
Solvay Korea Co., Ltd.
EWAH-Solvay R&I Center
150, Bukahyun-ro
Soedaemun-gu
Seoul 120-140
South Korea
Solvay Fluorides LLC
3333 Richmond Avenue
Houston, Texas 77098
USA
Telephone: +82 2 2125 5306
Fax:
+82 2 2125 5380
Phone
Fax +1 713 525-6000
+1 713 525-7805
www.ahlersheinel.de
www.solvay.com
www.solkane.com
Disclaimer:
All statements, information and data given herein are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without guarantee, warranty or responsibility of any kind, express or implied. Statements or
suggestions concerning possible use of our products are made without representation or warranty that any such use is free of patent infringement, and are not recommendations to infringe any patent. The
user should not assume that all safety measures are indicated, or that other measures may not be required.
35/217/05.14/007/100
Solvay Fluor GmbH
Postfach 220
30002 Hannover
Germany

Download Report