Japanese Education System IBARAKI JET PROGRAMME ORIENTATION Compulsory Education Called “Gimu Kyoiku” (ぎむきょういく、義務教育) Ran by local municipalities’ BOEs Kyoiku Iinkai (きょういくいいんかい、教育委員会) Overseen by the Compulsory Education Department at the Prefectural Board of Education Education including: 1st grade of elementary school – 3rd grade of junior high school (9 years total) Japanese, Mathematics, Social Studies, Science, English, Arts (including music), Heath and PE, Home Economics, Information, and Character Education No cost for Public Schools Elementary Schools shougakkou, しょうがっこう、小学校 Grades 1 – 6 Students enter the year they turn 7 (April-March school year) Split into Private and Public Private : 206 Public: 22,197 No school uniforms at public Class times can range between 30 and 45 minutes English education is focused on communication, not grammar Junior High Schools ※Lower Secondary Schools chuugakkou, ちゅうがっこう、中学校 Grades 1 – 3 Most school have uniforms English education becomes more focused on grammar All education becomes more focused on high school entrance exams (Juken, じゅけん、受験) Students can join after school club activities (split into “culture” and “sport”) Most classes are 50 mins. Senior High Schools ※Upper Secondary Schools koutougakkou, こうとうがっこう、高等学校 Grades 1 – 3 Not compulsory Public schools are run by the Prefectural BOE (Koukou Kyouiku ka, こうこうきょういくか、 高校教育課) Most schools have uniforms Classes are divided into “Science” and “Culture” Each focuses on different areas of study Students quit club activities during 3rd year in order to focus on university entrance exams (Also called Juken, 受験) Secondary Schools chuutoukyouikugakkou, ちゅうとうきょういくがっこう、中等教育学校 Grades 1 – 6 Integrates junior and senior high school Eliminates the stress of SHS entrance exams Students can participate in same club for 5 years Currently 4 secondary schools in Ibaraki Namiki Secondary School Koga Secondary School (Sowa SHS) 2 Private Special Needs Education tokubetsushiengakkou,とくべつしえんがっこう、特別支援学校 Covers all grades from Kindergarten to SHS Broken into 3 main categories: schools for the blind, schools for the deaf, and schools for the handicap Not all special needs students are mentally impaired “handicap” includes those with physical impairments, mental impairments, and illness Require different approaches to teaching Be mindful of your own health!! Students with immune deficiencies Cramming VS Yutori Education “Cramming” Education (Tsumekomi Kyouiku) Widely used until 1995 6 day weeks Studying and memorization > character building and free thinking Yutori Education (Yutori Kyouiku) Focused on allowing more freedom in the classroom 5 day weeks (in public schools) More emphasis on arts and clubs Falls in test scores (particularly mathematics and sciences) More pressure on parents/ teachers (Juku, etc.) 2002-2004: moving back towards “Cramming” Education Japanese Government still trying to find balance between both.
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