Jap 12

今日のレスン：つなぎことば
Today’s Lesson: Joining Words
あついです
1st sentence
アイスキリムを
たべます
2nd sentence
Class A1: “And” Joining Words (Noun)
と：is used to state two or more nouns in a sentence.
Ex) ロジャーくんはかんこくでブルゴギとサムギェタンと
ブナパンを食べたいです。
Roger wants to eat Korean barbeque and Korean chicken stew and
Korean goldfish bread in Korea.
や：is used to state two or more SPECIFIC nouns in a sentence
AMONG OTHER THINGS.
Ex) わたしたちのクラスの中にかさやおちゃやうるさい
コンピューターなどがあります
There are umbrella and green tea and annoying computer
(among other things / and etc.) in our classroom.
Class A2: “And” Joining Words (Adj.)
くて：is used to link two or more adjectives that end with
いsyllable or the いadjective with another phrase. Substitute
い at the end of the adjective with くて：やさしい－＞やさしくて、
Ex 1) ファクナ先生はやさしくて、おもしろいです。
Mr. Faulkner is nice and interesting.
Ex 2) ファクナ先生はやさしくて、日本語をおしえます。
Mr. Faulkner is nice and teaches Japanese.
で：is used to link two or more adjectives that end with
なsyllable or the なadjective with another phrase. Substitute
な at the end of the adjective with で、：しずかな－＞しずかで、
Ex 1) カリサさんはしずかで、はずかしいです。
Charisa is quiet and shy.
Ex 2)カリサさんはしずかで、いつもいっしょうかんめいべんきょうします。
Charisa is quiet and always studies with her best effort.
Class A3: “And” Joining Words (Verbs)
て Form：is used to state two or more verbs in a SPECIFIC order.
Refer to Obento Deluxe Unit 7 for converting a verb into a て Form.
Ex ) ジェインさんは夏休みにかんこくに行って、かぞくに会って、
かぞくとばんごはんをたべます。
Jane goes to Korea and meets her family and eat a dinner with her
family.
たり Form：is used to state two or more verbs in a NON-SPECIFIC order.
After converting a verb into its てform, change the syllable at the end to
あtype syllable and add り. 見ます→ 見て→見た→ 見たり
Ex ) ジェイくんは週末にともだちとサッカをしたり、えいがを見たり、
まちででかけたりします。
During weekend, with his friends, Jay plays soccer and watches movie
and hangout at the town.
Class B: “Also” Joining Words
そして・それから：is used to add a sentence containing additional information.
Ex) ケビンくんはホッケーがとくいです。(そして・それから）、あかるい
せいかくの人です。
Kevin is good at hockey. Also, he is a person with a bright personality.
Class C: “Because” Joining Words
から：is used to state a reason for the next sentence
Ex ) ケリーさんはピアノが上手ですから、よく、学校のコンサート
でソーロがあります。
Because Kelly is good at piano, she often has solos at her school
concert.
ので：is used to state a reason for the next sentence. Convert the verb of
the first sentence to plain form and add ので。 If the first sentence ends
With an adjective, simply add ので after the adjective.
れんしゅうします→ れんしゅうする → れんしょうするので
Ex ) ペイジさんは毎日サッカをれんしゅうするので学校の
チームのスタープレイヤーです。
Because Paige practices soccer everyday, she is a star player of her
school team.
とくい→ とくいので
Ex ) ペイジさんはサッカがとくいので、学校のチームのスター
プレイヤーです。
Because Paige is good at soccer, she is a star player of her school team.
Class D: “Therefore” Joining Words
だから：is used to explain a consequence from the previous sentence.
Ex ) キハくんはとでもかっこいいです。だから、にんきがあります。
Kiha is very attractive. Therefore, he is popular.
それで：is used to explain a consequence from the previous sentence.
Ex ) アーナさんは今年の夏に日本にいきますそれで、
わくわくです。
Anne goes to Japan during this year’s summer. Therefore, she is excited.
Class E: “However” Joining Words
でも：is used to show a contrary between the two joining sentences.
ALWAYS place it after FINISHING the first sentence.
Ex ) カルステイーンさんはせがひくいです。でも、とても
しんせつでうたうことがとくいです
Kirsten is short. However, she is very kind and good at singing.
しかし： is used to show a contrary between the two joining sentences.
ALWAYS placed after FINISHING the first sentence.
Ex ) ヨンジューンさんはガールプランドがありません。しかし、
おかしくて、やさしい人です。なぜガールプランドがありませんか？
わかりません。
Young Jun does not have a girlfriend. However, he is a nice and funny
person. Why does not he have a girlfriend? I do not understand.
Class F: “But” Joining Words
が： is used to show a contrary between the two joining sentences.
Ex ) トレーバくんはコンピューターをすることが上手ですが、
ロジャーくんはあたまがちょっとわるいですから、おしえることが
できません。
Trevor is very good at using computer, but because Roger is a bit stupid,
he cannot teach Roger.
けれども： is used to show a contrary between the two joining sentences.
Convert a verb in the first sentence into its てform and change the syllable
at the end to あtype syllable. Then, addけれども. Or add けれども after an
adjective.
買います → 買って → 買った → 買ったけれども
Ex ) メッケイラさんはあたらしいくつを買ったけれども、くつは
ちょっときれくないですから、くつをあんまりはきません。
Michaela buys new shoes, but because the shoes are not that pretty, she is
not wearing the shoes often.
安い → 安いけれども
Ex ) メッケイラさんのあたらしいｋつは安いけれども、、くつはちょっと
きれくないです。
Michaela’s new shows are cheap but not that pretty.
....???
Class G: “Before/After” Joining Words
そのまえ： is used to explain what happened before the SPECIFIC event.
Ex ) ブリッタニーさんは今ラグビーをれんしゅうします。そのまえ、
けいざいクラスに行きました。とてもいそがしいです！
Brittany practices rugby now. Before that, she went to economic class.
She is really busy!
そのあと： is used to explain what happens after the SPECIFIC event.
Ex ) テイラーさんは今年に学校をおわります。そのあと、カナダの
一ばんせいじかになります。
Taylor finishes her school this year. After that, she will become a number
one politician in Canada.

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