南相馬市内避難所 Shelters in Minamisoma

Impacts of the mass and long evacuation
on local community and handicapped people after the
Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident
- Report from the Genpatsu frontline district 大規模避難における問題点
南相馬からの報告
Minamisoma Municipal General Hospital
Assistant Director
Tomoyoshi Oikawa, MD
南相馬市立総合病院 及川友好
2015/03/15 in Sendai
南相馬市立総合病院
Minamisoma Municipal
General Hospital
Cities around the Fukushima Daiichi
Nuclear Powerplant
Soma
Minamisoma
Namie
Futaba
Ohkuma
Tomioka
Naraha
Hirono
1F: Fukushima No.1 Nuclear power plant
2F: Fukushima No.2 Nuclear power plant
1Fから20km圏内
20km from 1F
20~30km圏内
20-30km from 1F
震度6の地震の後、8mを超す大津波が南相馬市を襲った
(3月11日15時37分)
Terrible Tsunami 8 meters tall followed by
the earthquake with a seismic intensity of 6
2011 March 11th 15:37 Minamisoma
3月13日:南相馬市内避難所(石神一小) Minamisoma City Evacuation Center
1次避難 (Ishigami Daiichi Elementary School)
2011.Mar.13
南相馬市内避難所 Shelters in Minamisoma
震災の後、146の避難所が設置されたが、1か月後には5か所に集約された。
殆どの避難所が7か月以内に閉鎖、最後の避難所は2012年2月23日に閉鎖した。
Just after disaster, 146 shelters was set up.
All shelters was aggregated into 5 large refuges within 1 month.
Most of the shelters was closed within 7months.
Last shelter was closed 2012.Feb.23
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The Genpatsu frontline district
Minamisoma city is located in 10~40km away
from Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant
where residents are able to live in
南相馬市
福島第一原子力発電所から10km~40km地点に位置する
居住区では最も原発に近い地方自治体
Governmental instruction
20km in radius : evacuation zone : 2011.Mar.12~
20-30km in radius: indoor restriction zone: 2011.Mar.15
evacuation-prepared zone: 2011.Apr.22~2011.Sep.30
These restrictions were lifted except for 10km in radius
政府指示
20km
圏内
20~30km圏内
: 避難指示:2011年3月12日
: 屋内退避指示: 2011年3月15日
緊急時避難準備区域:2011年4月22日~2011年9月30日
2011.Mar.15~Mar.18 : 2nd Evacuation of Citizen to Other Prefectures by Bus
There was no choice but the long distance evacuation
to avoid nuclear contamination
放射線の被曝を避けるためバスによる市民の2次避難が行われた
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Mass and long distance evacuation in hospital in 2011.Mar.20
Hospital also had no choice
107 inpatients remained in hospital had to be transported to
over 200km away institutions by self-defense viechles
病院でも同様に遠隔地の病院へ
全患者107人が搬送された。
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福島医大への搬送患者
Patients taken over
at Fukushima Medical Univ
新潟県への搬送患者
Patients taken over
in Niigata Prefecture
92
96
4
107
11
8
Impact of long distance and mass
evacuation
大規模避難と避難は地域社会に
何をもたらしたか
震災前後の南相馬市居住人口比較
number of
residents
80000
71561
70000
60000
50000
Population in Minamisoma City
before and after the 3.11
緊急時避難準備区域解除
’Emergency Evaluation Preparation Zone’
Lifted on 9/30/2011
51534
(72%)
2011.May.8
24163 residents
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
10
number of
residents
7,000
6,000
5,000
南相馬市の年代別居住人ロ(震災前後の比較)
Comparison of the population of Minamisoma
City
before and 4 years after the 3.11
震災前 Before
2015/2/19
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
Green: Population by age before the earthquake (2011.Mar)
Orange: Population by age after the earthquake (2015.Feb)
Comparison of the Population Ratio of Minamisoma city
and the National Average by age category
震災前後の年齢別人口構成
全国平均
National average
.
南相馬市
Minamisoma city
2011年11月
2011.Nov
2011年1月
(Before disaster)
2015年2月
(4yrs. after)
年少人口
(0-14 year olds)
13.1%
13.8%
9.0%
生産人口
(15-64 year olds)
63.6%
60.5%
48.1%
老年人口
(65 years and older)
23.3%
25.9%
32.9%
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短期間で少子高齢化社会へ移行
Minamisoma city has turned to be aging society just after disaster
The impact of mass evacuation itself
Mortality risk amongst nursing home residents
evacuated
Increase of stroke incidence rate
避難それ自体の影響
老人保健施設入居者の死亡率
脳卒中発症率の増加
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Mortality Risk amongst Nursing Home Residents Evacuated after the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
Estimated pre- and post-earthquake survival.
Nomura S, Gilmour S, Tsubokura M, Oikawa T, et al. (2013) Mortality Risk amongst Nursing Home Residents Evacuated after the
Fukushima Nuclear Accident: A Retrospective Cohort Study. PLoS ONE 8(3): e60192. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060192
http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0060192
Impact on stroke incidence rate
of the Great East Japan Earthquake
in Minamisoma city
南相馬市における東日本大震災の
脳卒中発症率への影響
Monthly incidence of Stroke Patients per 100,000
(population/age-quota adjusted)
1ヶ月毎の人口10万人あたりの入院者数(人口調整、年齢調整後)
The Great East Japan
Earthquake
2011.3.11
2013.12
Poisson regression analysis
Poisson 回帰分析
Relative Risk
95% C.I.
1
NA
1.77
1.52-2.06
1
NA
4.32
3.51-5.30
震災前 pre disaster
1
NA
震災後 post disaster
1.49
1.01-2.21
1
NA
1.02
0.70-1.48
P Value
性別 Gender
女性 female
男性 male
<0.001
年齢 Age
35-64 yrs.
over 65 yrs.
<0.001
発症率 Incidence
0.04
発症率x年齢
Incidence x age
35-64 yrs.
over 65 yrs.
震災後相対リスクは2.4倍に
Relative Risk increased by 2.4 times after 3.11
<0.001
震災関連死の割合
Proportion of disaster-related deaths
(2014/10/04 死亡届より)
直接死
福島県全体
死亡届等 震災関連死
合計
Total
Direct deaths
Deaths
registration
Disaster-related
deaths
1603
225
1777
3605
525
111
458
1094
Fukushima prefecture
南相馬市
Minamisoma
災害関連死は様々な要因で起こっているが、
大規模避難が最も重大な因子であったと考えられる。
Disaster-related death can be occurred by various factors
Mass evacuation may be one of the most important factor
銘記すべきこと
Please don’t forget
原発事故は起こり得る
It is no doubt Nuclear
power plant
will be out of order
社会構造の破壊により
高齢化は促進する
Social structure will turn to
be aging society after mass
Evacuation
17の原子力発電所
51基の原子炉
Red circles indicate NPP in Japan
大規模避難は深刻な悲劇(災
害関連死)を引き起こす
Mass evacuation itself
makes
severe tragedy
Thank you for your attention
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