脆 弱 市 街 地 研 究 i n f o r m a l i t y 横浜国立大学先端高等科学院 北 山 恒 K O H K I T A Y A M A We are not alone as individuals Lonely individuals in a crowd Our world C o - h o u s i n g コミュニティの崩壊が 現代都市のリスクである Commons for Neighborhoods TOKYO Legend Municipality Boundary Line Development Areas (approx. 7,000ha) 整備地域 Urban Development Plan for Disaster-resistance the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Before Development Urban Planning Roads Line 都市計画道路計画線（未整備） Close-set Wooden Housing Areas 木造密集市街地 “10 year Project to Advance Fire Resistance in Close-set Wooden Housing Areas” the Tokyo Metropolitan Government 木密地域不燃化10年プロジェクト 凡例 Disaster Prevention Central Framework (Chart of Urban Planning Roads) 骨格防災軸（都市計画道路等） Principle Firebreak Belts 主要延焼遮断帯 General Firebreak Belts 一般延焼遮断帯 Disaster Prevention Central Framework (Rivers) 骨格防災軸（河川） Priority Development Areas 主要整備地域 Development Areas 整備地域 Rivers and Sea 河川・海 Administrative Boundary Line 行政区域境界線 JR Line 整備地域 / 主要整備地域 / 延焼遮断帯 the Tokyo Metropolitan Government At the time of designation of Special Development Zones to Advance Fire Resistance (Fireproof Zones) and Urban Planning Roads to be the Firebreak Belts 不燃化特区・特定整備路線指定時 Fireproof Zone 不燃化特区 Firebreak Belts 特定整備路線 Designating the Core Work Area コア事業実施区域 “10 year Project to Advance Fire Resistance in Close-set Wooden Housing Areas” the Tokyo Metropolitan Government 木密地域不燃化10年プロジェクト After Development Make Roadside Buildings Fire-resistant and Quake-resistant Early Development of the Urban Planning Roads 都市計画道路の早期整備 沿道建物の不燃化・耐震化 Make Buildings Fire-resistant and Development of Service Roads for Daily Life ,Parks… 不燃化建替え、生活道路・公園等の整備 Cooperative Rebuilding by the Core Works with the Ward … コア事業による共同化等 “10 year Project to Advance Fire Resistance in Close-set Wooden Housing Areas” the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Areas Densely Crowded with Wooden Buildings “TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS” Kazuhisa Oriyama Fire-spreading Distance 延焼限界距離圏設定 “TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS” Kazuhisa Oriyama Fire-spreading Network 延焼過程ネットワーク “TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS” Kazuhisa Oriyama Fire-spreading Network & the 50 Highest Risk Regions 延焼過程ネットワークと棟数上位50地域の位置 “TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS” Kazuhisa Oriyama Legend Municipality Boundary Line Development Areas (approx. 7,000ha) Urban Development Plan for Disaster-resistance the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Fire-spreading Network 延焼過程ネットワーク “TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS” Kazuhisa Oriyama Targeted Flammable Wooden Buildings 不燃化対象建物 Fire-spreading Network after Removal of Flammable Buildings 不燃化後の延焼過程ネットワーク Effect of Targeted Removal of Fire Spreading Wooden Buildings 選択的不燃化の効果 “TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS” Kazuhisa Oriyama TOKYO URBAN RING -MACHIYA PROJECT- Y-GSA HOUSING CORE １. disaster prevention 2. common use 3. barrier-free shared vegetable garden common lift shared/common bath community kitchen storage unit for disaster prevention equipment energy farm * water tank for fire prevention *energy farm : combining home use electricity and hot water (using the heat produced by the electricity to create hot water) ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP TOKYO URBAN RING -MACHIYA PROJECT- Y-GSA ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP TOKYO URBAN RING -MACHIYA PROJECT- Y-GSA TOKYO URBAN RING -MACHIYA PROJECT- Y-GSA “Town to Live in a Gap” 隙間へ暮らすまち 市古彗(Y-GSA) “Town to Live in a Gap” 隙間へ暮らすまち 市古彗(Y-GSA) “Town to Live in a Gap” 隙間へ暮らすまち 市古彗(Y-GSA) One- and two-story houses, built on small lots, are crowded together. ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP Properties in areas crowded with wooden houses are too small to accommodate elevators; as a result, houses are only one or two stories in height. ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP A housing core equipped with an elevator and stairs and fire-prevention systems is installed in such a substandard area. ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP A housing core equipped with an elevator and stairs and fire-prevention systems is installed in such a substandard area. ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP Landowners with properties adjacent to a housing core collaborate in rebuilding housing. ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP Landowners with properties adjacent to a housing core collaborate in rebuilding housing. ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP Open (i.e. unbuilt) lots come into being and contribute to the improvement of the area. ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP Should a fire break out, ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP A small fire-fighting system ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP A small fire-fighting system ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP Enables one to put it out oneself. ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP This “housing core” guides the streets with detached houses to change . ROJIKAKU PROJECT architecture WORKSHOP It is in touch with the life going on in the surrounding buildings and creates architectural space that initiates human relationships. Yutenji Apartments architecture WORKSHOP Yutenji Apartments architecture WORKSHOP Yutenji Apartments architecture WORKSHOP Yutenji Apartments architecture WORKSHOP The small courtyard links to the narrow gap space between small houses. Yutenji Apartments architecture WORKSHOP Yutenji Apartments architecture WORKSHOP Yutenji Apartments architecture WORKSHOP Yutenji Apartments architecture WORKSHOP
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