ࣇࣛࣥࢫࠊࣝࢨࢫᆅ᪉࠾ࡅࡿࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࡢฟ ̿ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡᘓタࢆ̿ The Creation of Islamic Spaces in Alsace (France) : A Case Study of the Grand Mosque of Strasbourg ே㛫ᩥᡂ⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮♫⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ M2 బ⸨㤶ᑑᐇ 1㸬せ⣙ 㸦ᩥ㸧 ㏆ᖺࣇࣛࣥࢫ࡛ࡣࠊබඹ✵㛫࡛ࡢࢫ࣮࢝ࣇ╔⏝ࡸࣔࢫࢡ㊊ࡼࡿ⾤㢌࡛ࡢ㞟ᅋ♩ᣏࡀ ୡ⩏ゐࡍࡿࡉࢀࠊᨻᩍศ㞳ཎ๎ࣛࢩࢸࠕ⪷ྍศ࡞ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࠖࡢᑐ ❧ࡀࠊ࣓ࢹࡸᨻࡢሙ࡛┒ࢇྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫᮾ㒊ࡢࣝࢨ ࢫᆅ᪉ࡣࠊ⊂ࡼࡗ࡚ᡤ᭷ࢆதࢃࢀࠊ19 ୡ⣖௨㝆ᅄᗘࡶᖐᒓࡀኚࡋࠊࡑࡢࡓࡧྠ 㸦ᅜẸ㸧ࢆᙉ࠸ࡽࢀࡓṔྐࢆᣢࡘࠋࡑࡢṔྐࡺ࠼ࠊእⓗࣛࢩࢸࡢἲⓗᇶ┙࡛࠶ࡿ ᨻᩍศ㞳ἲ㸦1905 ᖺไᐃ㸧ࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ⊂⮬ࡢᆅ᪉ἲࡢࡶ࡛ࠊᆅᇦࡣ␗࡞ ࡿᨻᩍ㛵ಀࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊࡇࡢࣝࢨࢫᆅ᪉╔┠ࡋࠊ࣮࡛ࣟ࢝ࣝࣞ࣋ࣝࢫࣛ ࣮࣒✵㛫ࡀࡢࡼ࠺ࡽࢀࠊ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊୡ⩏⮬⏤ ࡞ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛᐇ㊶ࡢඹᏑྍ⬟ᛶࢆ᥈ࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓࠋᮏሗ࿌ࡣࠊ≉ࠊ2012 ᖺᕷࡸ බඹᅋయࡽࡢຓࢆཷࡅ࡚ᘓタࡉࢀࡓࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࡢᘓタ㐣⛬⏝≧ἣ ࢆ᥈ࡿࡓࡵࠊ2014 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 30 ᪥ࡽ 9 ᭶ 28 ᪥ࡲ࡛ࡢ⣙ 1 ᭶㛫ࢃࡓࡗ࡚ᐇࡋࡓ⌧ᆅ ㄪᰝࡢሗ࿌᭩࡛࠶ࡿࠋཧほᐹࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗᇶ࡙ࡃㄪᰝࡢᡂᯝࡋ࡚ࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ ࣝᕷ࠾ࡅࡿࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࡢከᵝᛶࡀᾋࡁ᙮ࡾ࡞ࡗࡓࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡ ࡢᘓタ㐣⛬࠾࠸࡚᐀ᩍ㛫༠ຊࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀࡿ୍᪉࡛ㅖࢡࢱ࣮㛫ࡢᑐ❧㛵ಀࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ ࡓࡇࠊࡇࡢࣔࢫࢡࡀ᪂ࡋ࠸ࢫ࣮࣒࣓࣮ࣛࢪࡢᵓ⠏㈉⊩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ ࡗࡓࠋ 㸦ⱥᩥ㸧 In France, we have always seen in the media the growing conflict between the republic principle of ‘laïcité’ and Islam which is generally considered not to separate religions and politics. Wearing scarves and group prayers in public are said to be against the French secularism. On the other hand, the Alsace, the northeast of France, has been historically a conflict oriented area often changing sides from Germany to France and vice versa. For this reason, in Alsace, there is a special relation between religions and the State. It is made possible through the unique local law of Alsace, which is different from the national law on the separation of church and state applied to other regions since 1905. The purpose of my study is to search for the conditions of peaceful co-existence between secularism and the free Islamic practices by examining the creation of Islamic spaces on the local level in Alsace region. This is the report of the field survey conducted in the period from August 30 th to September 28 th 2014. It mainly aims to investigate the establishment and use of the 33 33 Grand Mosque which was constructed in 2012 in Strasbourg and which is financially supported by the Strasbourg town and the Alsace region. As a result of the fieldworks and the interviews, it was found that there were diverse forms of ’Islamic Spaces’ created in Strasbourg, and that there were both interreligious cooperation and some conflicts during the establishment of the Grand Mosque, and also that this mosque contributed to the creation of the balanced image of Islam in Strasbourg. 2㸬⌧ᆅㄪᰝᮇ㛫㸸2014 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 30 ᪥㹼9 ᭶ 28 ᪥ 3㸬ㄪᰝ⫼ᬒ ➨ḟᡓࡼࡿேཱྀῶᑡ㧗ᗘᡂ㛗ᮇࡢປാຊ㊊ࡽࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡣᪧ᳜Ẹᆅᅜࢆ୰ ᚰࡋ࡚㔞ࡢ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜ⛣Ẹࢆཷࡅධࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ▼Ἔ༴ᶵᚋࡢ 1974 ᖺ᪂つ⛣Ẹཷࡅධ ࢀṆᥐ⨨ࡀࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡲ࡛᮶ࡓ⛣Ẹࡢከࡃࡣᐙ᪘ࢆࡧᐤࡏ࡚ᐃఫࡋࠊ➨࣭ ➨୕ୡ௦ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡀཷࡅ⥅ࡀࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࠋୡ⩏♫࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡀࠕ⤫ྜࠖࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡃ㐣⛬࡛ᵝࠎ࡞ᑐ❧ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡀࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ㛵ࡍࡿ㆟ㄽࡣࡘࡡᅜᐙཎ๎ ࣛࢩࢸ㸦laïcité㸧ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ࠕ㠀᐀ᩍᛶ㸭⬺᐀ᩍᛶࠖヂࡉࢀࡿࡇࡢཎ ๎ࡣࠊ⋤ᨻ⤖ࡧࡘ࠸ࡓ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡࢆබⓗ㡿ᇦࡽ㝖ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ಙᩍࡢ⮬⏤ࢆಖ㞀ࡋࠊ ඹไࢆ☜❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵࡢṔྐⓗ࡞㜚தࡶⓎᒎࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸦࣎࣋ࣟࠊ2009㸧ࠋ1905 ᖺไᐃࡢࠕᩍᅜᐙࡢศ㞳㛵ࡍࡿἲࠖ㸦௨ୗࠊ1905 ᖺἲ㸧ࡼࡗ࡚❧ἲࡉࢀࠊ⌧⾜ ࡢ᠇ἲ➨୍᮲ࡶࠕࣇࣛࣥࢫࡣࠊྍศࡢ㠀᐀ᩍⓗ㸦laïque㸧ࠊẸⓗࡘ♫ⓗ࡞ඹᅜ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠖ࠸࠺ᙧ࡛グ㍕ࡉࢀࡿࠋ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡢࢫ࣮࢝ࣇ╔⏝㛵ࡍࡿㄽத௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺ ࠊࡇࡢඹᅜཎ๎ࡋ࡚ࡢࣛࢩࢸࠕ⪷ྍศ࡞ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࠖࡢᑐ❧ࡀࠊ࣓ࢹ ࡸᨻࡢሙ࡛┒ࢇྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ1905 ᖺᙜࢻࢶ㡿ࡔࡗࡓࣝࢨࢫᆅ᪉ ࡛ࡣࠊእⓗࣛࢩࢸࡢἲⓗᇶ┙࡞ࡿ 1905 ᖺἲࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ௦ࢃࡾ⊂⮬ ࡢᆅ᪉ἲࡢࡶ࡛ࢥࣥࢥࣝࢲ࠸࠺ᨻᩍ༠⣙㸦1801 ᖺࢼ࣏ࣞ࢜ࣥᩍⓚࣆ࢘ࢫ 7 ୡࡀ⥾ ⤖㸧ࡀṧᏑࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊබㄆ᐀ᩍ࡛࠶ࡿ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡࠊࣉࣟࢸࢫࢱࣥࢺࡢࣝࢱ࣮ὴᨵ㠉ὴ࠾ ࡼࡧࣘࢲࣖᩍࡢ⪷⫋⪅ࡣᅜᐙࡽಧ⤥ࡀᨭᡶࢃࢀࡿࠊබ❧ࡢึ➼ᩍ⫱Ꮫᰯ࠾ࡅࡿ᐀ ᩍᩍ⫱ࡀᚲಟ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Messner ࠊ2004㸧ࠋࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡣබㄆ᐀ᩍࡣධࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ ࡶࡢࡢࠊᆅᇦ࡛ࡣ㉳ࡇࡾ࠼࡞࠸ᜠᜨࢆཷࡅࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ୍ࡋ࡚ࠊᆅᇦ࡛ࡣ 1905 ᖺἲࡼࡗ࡚ᅜᐙࡸᆅ᪉ᅋయࡽ≉ᐃࡢ᐀ᩍ⤌⧊ࡢ㔠㖹ⓗຓࡣ⚗Ṇࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ ࣝࢨࢫᆅᇦᅪࡢ㤳ᗓ࡛࠶ࡿࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷ 2012 ᖺᘓタࡉࢀࡓࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝ ࣔࢫࢡ㸦Grande Mosquée de Strasbourg㸧ࡣࠊᘓタ㈨㔠ࡋ࡚ᕷࡸබඹᅋయࡽຓᡂ㔠ࡀ ᣐฟࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࠕࣇࣛࣥࢫ࠾ࡅࡿࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡣࠊ୰ᚰⓗ࡞ᶒጾࡢᅾࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࡲࡓᐃఫே ཱྀࡢኚ㑄ᛂࡌ࡚ࠊᆅᇦࡈ␗࡞ࡿṔྐࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ 㸦Godard &Taussig, 2007㸧ࡢᣦ ࡀࡉࢀࡿ୰ࠊᆅᇦࡈࡢᩥ⬦࡛ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࢆᤊ࠼┤ࡍࡇࡀᚲせࡉࢀࡿࠋ 4㸬ㄪᰝ┠ⓗ ࣝࢨࢫᆅ᪉࠸࠺࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ࡞࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࡀࡢࡼ࠺ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ ศᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢࢫ࣮࣒ࣛୡ⩏ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࢆ⪃ࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿࠋ ≉ࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࢆ◊✲ࡋࠊࡇࡢࣔࢫࢡࡢᘓタࢆྍ⬟࡞ࡽࡋࡵࡓせ 34 34 ᅉࠊᘓタ㐣⛬࠾ࡅࡿㅖࢡࢱ࣮㛫ࡢᑐ❧࣭༠ㄪࡢᏑᅾࠊࡉࡽᡂࡋࡓࣔࢫࢡࡢ⏝ᐇ ែࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࠋ 5㸬ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ ࣝࢨࢫᆅᇦᅪࡢ㤳ᗓ࡛࠶ࡿࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷࢆ࡞ᣐⅬࡋࠊᏛࡸࣔࢫࢡ࠾ࡅࡿ ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗㄪᰝࠊ⌧ᆅ◊✲ᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿ㈨ᩱ㞟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋලయⓗ࡞ㄪᰝෆᐜࢆ௨ୗ グࡍࠋ (1)⌧ᆅࡢᏛᶵ㛵࡛㞄᥋ศ㔝ࡢᑓ㛛ᐙࡓࡕ㠃ࡋࠊ◊✲ᑐࡍࡿຓゝࢆᚓࡓࠋࢫࢺࣛࢫ ࣈ࣮ࣝᏛࣉࣟࢸࢫࢱࣥࢺ⚄Ꮫ㒊ࡢᩍᤵ࡛ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛᏛࡀᑓ㛛ࡢ Ralph Stehly Ặࠊྠࡌ ࡃࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᏛࡢ♫Ꮫ㒊ᩍᤵ࡛ࣝࢨࢫࡢ⛣Ẹၥ㢟ヲࡋ࠸ Laurent Muller Ặࠊ ࢚ࢡࢧࣥࣉࣦࣟࣥࢫᏛࡢᨻᏛ㒊ᩍᤵ࡛ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢࢫ࣮࣒ࣛၥ㢟ࢆᑓ㛛ࡍࡿ Franck Frégosi Ặ㠃ࡋࡓࠋ (2)ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࡢᘓタ┤᥋ⓗ㸭㛫᥋ⓗ㛵ࢃࡗࡓ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜ 4 ྡࠊᘓタࡢ ࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥ ࢺࢆㄳࡅ㈇ ࡗࡓ♫࣭ SERS㸦Société d’Aménagement et d’Equipement de la Region de Strasbourg: ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᆅᇦᩚഛ㛤Ⓨ♫㸧ࡢᢸᙜ⪅ 1 ྡࠊᘓタ㈨㔠ຓ ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࣝࢨࢫホ㆟ࡢཧ 1 ྡ㠃ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ 30 ศ㹼1 㛫༙ࡢ༙ᵓ㐀ࣥ ࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋ (3)㔠᭙♩ᣏཧຍࡍࡿ࡞ࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࡢ⏝≧ἣ㛵ࡋ࡚ࣇ࣮ࣝࢻ࣡ ࣮ࢡࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ฟࡗࡓ㠀࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡢほගᐈ 1 ྡᑐࡍࡿ༙ᵓ㐀ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࠊ ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡢ⏝⪅ 1 ྡᑐࡍࡿ㠀ᵓ㐀ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ࠾ࡼࡧ 5 ྡࡢ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡢ⏝⪅ ࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣭ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸦ࡑࢀࡒࢀ 30 ศ㹼1 㛫⛬ᗘ㸧ࠋࡉࡽูࡢ࣒ࢫࣜ ࣒ࡢ⏝⪅ 1 ྡᑐࡋࠊ࣓࣮ࣝࡼࡿࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢࠊཧほᐹ୰ ᚓࡓㄒࡾࡶㄪᰝ⤖ᯝྵࡵ࡚࠶ࡿࠋ⏝⪅ᑐࡍࡿࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࡣ⤫୍ࡋࡓ᪉ἲࡀࢀ ࡎࠊ㛫ࡶ༑ศ࡛࡞ࡗࡓሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࢆὀグࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ (4)ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷෆࡢࡢ♩ᣏᡤࡸࠊ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜᑓ⏝ᆅ࡞ࢆゼၥࡋࡓࠋ (5)ࣝࢨࢫᆅ᪉ἲ◊✲ᡤࡸᅜ❧ᅗ᭩㤋࡞ࠊ⌧ᆅ◊✲ᶵ㛵࡛㛵㐃㈨ᩱࡢ㞟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ 6㸬ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ (1)ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷ࠾ࡅࡿࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫 ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷ࠾ࡅࡿ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜேཱྀࡣࠊ1998 ᖺⅬ࡛ఫẸయࡢ 10%⛬ᗘ᥎ᐃ ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡣ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡࠊࣉࣟࢸࢫࢱࣥࢺ⥆ࡁ 3 ␒┠ࡢ᐀ᩍ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸦Frégosi, 2001㸧ࠋ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜேཱྀࡢቑຍక࠸ࠊࡇࡇ 30 ᖺ࡛ࠕࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࠖࡀᕷࡢᬒ ほࡶ⌧ࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ᢅ࠺ࠕࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࠖࡣࠊ➨୍ࣔࢫࢡࡸ♩ᣏᡤࡢ ࡇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡢ᐀ᩍᐇ㊶ࡏ࡞࠸ሙࡢࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋྠᵝࠊࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡢつ ᚊࢆᏲࡿࡓࡵᏑᅾࡍࡿࣁ࣮ࣛࣝ㣗ရᗑ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜ⏝ࡢᆅࡶࠊ᐀ᩍᐇ㊶ࡣᚲせ࡞ࢫ ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫࡛࠶ࡿ࠸࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋࡋࡋࠊᐇ㝿ࡣ᐀ᩍⓗࢫ࣮࣌ࢫᩥⓗࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡢ⥺ ᘬࡁࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋ♩ᣏᡤࡣ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡸᩍᐊ࡞ࠊ᐀ᩍⓗ࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡶᩥⓗ࡞ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡀే タࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋࣇࢵࢩࣙࣥࡣᩥⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ࣒ࢫ࣒࣭ࣜ ࣇࢵࢩࣙࣥᗑ࡞ࡣࠊࢫ࣮࢝ࣇࡸዪᛶࡢయࡢ⥺ࢆ㞃ࡍࡼ࠺࡞᭹ࡀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊ ᐀ᩍࡃ㛵ಀ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡣỴࡋ࡚᩿ࡌ࠼࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢほⅬࡽࠊᚲࡎࡋࡶ᐀ᩍᐇ㊶㛵ࢃ 35 35 ࡿࡣ࠸࠼࡞࠸ࡀࠊࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࢆ㉳ࡉࡏࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᩥⓗ࡞ሙࢆࡶྵࡴࠊࡼࡾໟᣓⓗ࡞ᴫ ᛕࡋ࡚ࡢࠕࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࠖ࠸࠺ㄒࡢ᭷ຠᛶࢆ⪃࠼ࡓ࠸ࠋ௨ୗࠊㄪᰝ࡛᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗ ࡓࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷෆぢࡽࢀࡿࠕࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࠖࡢᵝᏊࢆグ㏙ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ ձࣔࢫࢡࠊ♩ᣏᡤ ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷࡢࣔࢫࢡ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࠕ୰ኸࡢࣔࢫࢡࠖ㸦Mosquée centrale㸧ࠕ⏺㝰ࡢ ࣔ ࢫ ࢡ ࠖ㸦 Mosquée de quartiers㸧 ࠸ ࠺ ✀ 㢮 ࡢ ⾲ ⌧ ࡀ ᪂ ⪺ ࡞ ࡛ ぢ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ 㸦 Dernières Nouvelles d’Alsace, 1998㸧ࠋࠕ୰ኸࡢࣔࢫࢡࠖࡣࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࡢࡇ࡛ࠊ࠸ ࢃࡺࡿࠕࣔࢫࢡࠖࡢᙧࢆࡋࡓࣔࢫࢡࡢࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࠕ⏺㝰ࡢࣔࢫࢡࠖࡣࠊࡶࡶࡣ♩ᣏ ┠ ⓗ ࡛ ࡘ ࡃ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࡶ ࡢ ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࠸ ࢫ ࣌ ࣮ ࢫ ࢆ ⏝ ࡋ ࡓ ♩ ᣏ ᡤ ࡢ ࡇ ࡛ ࠊࠕ ㏆ 㞄 ࡢ ♩ ᣏ ᡤ ࠖ 㸦lieux de culte de proximité㸧⾲⌧ࡍࡿᏛ⪅ࡶ࠸ࡿ㸦Frégosi,2001㸧ࠋ㏻ᖖ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡀ㞟ࡗ ࡚♩ᣏࢆ⾜࠼ࡤࠊࡑࢀࡣࣔࢫࢡࡤࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ౽ᐅⓗࠊ♩ᣏ┠ⓗ࡛ᘓ ࡚ࡽࢀࡓࡶࡢࢆࣔࢫࢡࠊ♩ᣏ௨እࡢ┠ⓗ࡛ᘓ࡚ࡽࢀࡓࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࢆ♩ᣏ ᡤࡪࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠕ⏺㝰ࡢࣔࢫࢡࠖࡢ࠸ࡃࡘࢆ⤂ࡍࡿࠋ ࡲࡎࠊࡁ࠸♩ᣏᡤࡋ࡚᭷ྡ࡞ࡢࡣࠊMeinau ᆅ༊࠶ࡿࣘࣈ࣭ࢫࣝࢱ࣭ࣥࣔࢫࢡ 㸦Mosquée d’Eyyub Sultan㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ♩ᣏᡤࡣࢺࣝࢥ⣔ࡢ Milli Görüs ࠸࠺ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ ᅋయࡢศὴࡀ⟶⌮ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ10,000 ੍ࡢᕤሙࢆ♩ᣏ⏝ᨵ⠏ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡸࣁ ࣮ࣛࣝᑓ㛛ᗑࠊᩍᐊ࡞ࡀഛࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⏨ᛶࡶዪᛶࡶྠࡌ♩ᣏᐊ࡛♳ࡿࡀࠊዪᛶ⏝ࢫ࣌ ࣮ࢫ⏨ᛶ⏝ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡢ㛫ࡣษࡾࡀ࠶ࡿࠋタෆࡣࢺࣝࢥㄒࡢ⾲♧ࡀከࡃぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࠙┿ 1ࠚࣘࣈ࣭ࢫࣝࢱ࣭ࣥࣔࢫࢡࡢእ ࠙┿ 2ࠚࣘࣈ࣭ࢫࣝࢱ࣭ࣥࣔࢫࢡ♩ᣏᐊෆ㒊 㕲㐨㥐ࡢࡑࡤࡣࡘࡢ♩ᣏᡤࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡦࡘࡣ ࣝ = ࣐ ࣥ ࣭ ࣔ ࢫ ࢡ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ AMS 㸦 Association des Musulmans de France: ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜ㐃┕㸧࠸ ࠺ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛᅋయࡀ⟶⌮ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣔࢫࢡࡢእቨࡣ ࡧࡗࡋࡾ㈞ࡾ⣬ࡀ㈞ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡍ࡚ࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ ࡛ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡢᩍ࠼ࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡸࠊࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࢆ⤂ ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᕤ୰࡞ࡢ࡛୰ࡣධࡿࡇ ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ⏨ᛶ⏝ࡢ♩ᣏࢫ࣮࣌ࢫዪᛶ⏝ࡢ ♩ᣏࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡣศࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊົᡤࡀ㸯ࡘࠊᩍᐊ ࡀ㸲ࡘ࠶ࡿ࠸࠺ࠋࣛࣅㄒࠊࢥ࣮ࣛࣥࠊࣔࣁ࣓ࢵ ࢻࡢ⏕ᾭ࡞ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᤵᴗࢆ㐌୍ᅇࠊ༙᪥ࡅ࡚⾜ 36 36 ࠙┿ 3ࠚࠕ㥐ࡢࣔࢫࢡࠖධཱྀ ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡶ࠺ࡦࡘࡣࠕ㥐ࡢࣔࢫࢡࠖࡤࢀࡿ♩ᣏᡤ࡛ࠊዪᛶ⏝⏨ᛶ⏝࡛♩ᣏᐊࡣ ศࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ➹⪅ࡣ⏨ᛶ⏝ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡣධࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࣔࢫࢡࡢෆ㒊ࡣࣛࣅㄒࡢ㈞ ࡾ⣬ࡀከࡃࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࡢ⾲♧ࡣᑡ࡞ࡗࡓࠋዪᛶ⏝ࡢ♩ᣏࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡣࠊ⤧Ẩࡢᶍᵝ௨ እࡣ࣓ࢵ࢝ࡢ᪉ゅࢆᣦࡋ♧ࡍࡶࡢࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ Meinau ᆅ༊࠶ࡿ㞟ྜఫᏯ Résidence Social Metzgerau ࡛ࡣࠊከ┠ⓗᐊࢆ♩ᣏᡤࡋ࡚ ⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ♩ᣏᡤࡣ Foyer de Meinau ࠸࠺ྡ๓࡛ࡤࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋከ┠ⓗᐊࡢࢻ ࡣࠊఫே௨እࡣ⏝࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠸࠺᪨ࡢ㈞ࡾ⣬ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 60 ௦ࡃ ࡽ ࠸ࡢࣝ ࢪ ࢙ࣜฟ ㌟ ࡢ⏨ᛶ ⏝ ⪅ࡀෆ ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࡀࠊዪᛶ⏝ࡢ♩ᣏࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡣ࡞ࡃࠊዪᛶࡢ ⏝⪅ࡶ࠸࡞࠸ヰࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࠋ ࠙┿ 5ࠚ㞟ྜఫᏯ ࠙┿ 4ࠚFoyer de Meinau ♩ᣏᐊ Haute Pierre ᆅ༊࡛ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾ᪂ࡓ࡞ࣔࢫࢡࡢ ᘓタィ⏬ࡀ㐍⾜୰࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୰Ꮫᰯయ⫱㤋ࡀ ࡍࡄ㏆ࡃ࠶ࡿࠋෆࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓ 50㹼60 ௦ ࡢ⏨ᛶ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜ࠸ࢃࡃࠊᡂࡍࢀࡤࢫࢺࣛࢫ ࣈ࣮࡛ࣝึࡵ࡚ࡢ࣑ࢼࣞࢵࢺ㸦ᑤሪ㸧ࡁࡢ ࣔࢫࢡ࡞ࡿࠋࣔࢫࢡࡣࡲࡔᡂࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ ⤒῭ⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࡽᘓタࢆṆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᘓタ ࡀ⤊ࢃࡿࡲ࡛ࡣࠊ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡓࡕࡣ௬ࡢ♩ᣏᡤ ࡋ࡚ࠊᚐṌ 5 ศࡢሙᡤ࠶ࡿ㈚ࣅࣝࡢ ୍ᐊࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠙┿ 6ࠚᘓタ୰ࡢ Haute Pierre ࣔࢫࢡ ղࡑࡢ ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷࡣࠊ2012 ᖺ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜᑓ⏝ࡢබඹᆅࡀࡘࡃࡽࢀࡓࠋࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡢ ᩍ࠼๎ࡋࡓᇙⴿࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࠊබඹࡢ㞟ྜᆅࡋ࡚ࡣࣇࣛࣥࢫ࡛᭱ึࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣝࢨ ࢫ௨እࡢᆅᇦ࡛ࡣࠊ1905 ᖺἲࡼࡗ࡚᐀ᩍࡈࡢබⓗ࡞ᆅ༊⏬ࡣ⚗Ṇࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣝ ࢨࢫࡢᆅ᪉ἲࡀᐇ⌧ࢆྍ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᩗ࡞࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡗ࡚ࡣ㣗≀ࡢၥ㢟ࡶ 㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࡛ࣝࡣࠊࡢࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ㒔ᕷྠᵝࠊࣁ࣮ࣛࣝᑓ㛛㣗ရᗑࡶ ⌋ࡋࡃ࡞࠸ࠋࣁ࣮ࣛࣝᑓ㛛㣗ရᗑ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ᬑ㏻ࡢᆺࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࡶࠊࣁ࣮ࣛࣝ⾲♧ࡢ࠶ ࡿ㣗ရࡀ⨨࠸࡚࠶ࡿࠋࣁ࣮ࣛࣝྲྀᢅ࠸ࡢᶆ♧ࡢ࠶ࡿ࢚ࢫࢽࢵࢡࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥࡶከ࠸ࠋࡢ ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣒ࢫ࣒࣭ࣜࣇࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢᗑࢆᣲࡆࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋᵝࠎ࡞Ⰽ࣭ᶍ 37 37 ᵝࡢࢫ࣮࢝ࣇࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇࡢࡇࠊ㟢ฟࡢᑡ࡞࠸࣡ࣥࣆ࣮ࢫࡸࣃ࣮ࢸ࣮⏝ࡢࢻࣞࢫ࡞ࡀ ㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣇࢵࢩࣙࢼࣈࣝ࡞࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜዪᛶᐈࡓࡕࡀከࡃ⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ୰ ᚰ⾤ࡢᆺ᭩ᗑ࡛ࡣࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ㛵ࡍࡿ᭩⡠ࡢࢥ࣮ࢼ࣮ࡀタࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᮏࡢ 㟂せࡢ㧗ࡉࡀ❚࠼ࡿࠋ ࠙┿ 8ࠚࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮࡛㈍ࡉࢀࡿࣁ࣮ࣛࣝ㣗ရ ࠙┿ 7ࠚ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜᑓ⏝බඹᆅ (2)ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡ ᅇࠊ➹⪅ࡀ≉ຊⅬࢆ⨨࠸࡚ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡢࡀࠊ ࠕ୰ኸࡢࣔࢫࢡࠖࡤࢀࡿࢫࢺࣛࢫ ࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡ㸦Grande Mosquée de Strasbourg㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୗ࡛ࡣࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝ ࣔࢫࢡ㛵ࡋ࡚᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࢆヲ㏙ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ ձࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࡢ❧ᆅ ࢺ࣒ࣛ␃ᡤ Laiterie ࡽᚐṌ 5 ศ⛬ᗘࠊࣂࢫ Lycée Pasteur ࡢ┠ࡢ๓⨨ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ 㐨㊰ᶫ࡛࠶ࡿ Hyritz ᶫ㞄᥋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢺ࣒ࣛࠊࣂࢫࠊ⮬ື㌴ࠊᚐṌ࡛ࢡࢭࢫ࡛ࡁࠊ ㏻ࡢ౽ࡣ㠀ᖖࡼ࠸ࠋ୰Ꮫᰯࠊ㧗ᰯࠊ࢘ࣝࢫ◊✲ᡤࠊᕷẸ㝔ࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᏛࡢ ་Ꮫ㒊࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࠊ࢝ࢾ࣮Ꮫᰯࡀ❧ࡕ୪ࡪ୍ᖏ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣔࢫࢡࡣࣝᕝ࣮ࣟࢾ࣭ ࣛࣥ㐠ἙࡢྜὶᆅⅬ⨨ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡇࡣ⮬↛බᅬࡢ୍ゅ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࡢ࡞㞺 ᅖẼࢆ㔊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᕝ㠃ࡋࡓࣔࢫࢡࡢἢ㐨ࡣࠊࢪࣙࢠࣥࢢࡸࢧࢡࣜࣥࢢࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ேࡀከ࠸ࠋ༡すࡢ᪉ゅࡣࠊ࣮ࣟࢾ࣭ࣛࣥ㐠Ἑࢆࡲࡓࡄᙧ࡛ TGV㸦㧗㏿㕲㐨㸧ࡸ TRF 㸦ᆅᇦᅪᛴ⾜㍺㏦㸧ࡢ㧗ᯫᶫࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠙┿ 7ࠚ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜᑓ⏝බඹᆅ ࠙┿ 9ࠚᙜึィ⏬ࡉࢀࡓࣔࢫࢡࡢᶍᆺ ࠙ᅗ⾲ 1ࠚࣔࢫࢡᖹ㠃ᅗ 38 38 ղࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࡢ⏝≧ἣ ࣔࢫࢡࡢධࡾཱྀࡣ⏨ᛶ⏝ዪᛶ⏝࡛ศࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⏨ᛶ⏝ධཱྀࡣࡁ࡞ᡬࡀ 2 ᯛࡘ࠸ ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᡬࡢᕥྑࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࣛࣅㄒࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ࡛ࠊࣔࢫࢡࡢᡂࢆグᛕࡍࡿ▼∧ ࡀࡣࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⏨ᛶ⏝ධཱྀࡽධࡗ࡚ࡍࡄྑᡭ㠐⟽ࢺ࣭ࣞἃᾎሙࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ1 㝵 ࡢ⏨ᛶ⏝♩ᣏࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡣ 1,000 ੍࡛ࠊ1,200 ேవࡾࢆᐜ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࢱ࡛ࣝ㣭ࡽࢀࡓ࣑ࣇ ࣮ࣛࣈ㸦࣓ࢵ࢝ࡢ᪉ゅࢆᣦࡍ❑ࡳ㸧ࡀ୍ࡘࠊࡑࡢᶓ࣑ࣥࣂࣝ㸦ㄝᩍቭ㸧ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋࡁ࡞ኳࡣࠊ᥇ගࡢࡓࡵᑠࡉ࡞❆ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡀࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋዪᛶ⏝ࡢධࡾ ཱྀࡢᡬࡣࡦࡘ࡛ࠊົᡤ㞄᥋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋዪᛶ⏝ධࡾཱྀࡽධࡗ࡚ᕥᡭࡢࢻࢆ㛤ࡅࡿ ࢺࣞἃᾎሙࡀ࠶ࡿࠋྑᡭࡣࠊዪᛶ⏝ࡢ♩ᣏࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ㸦2 㝵㸧฿㐩ࡍࡿ㝵ẁ࢚ ࣮ࣞ࣋ࢱ࣮ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ2 㝵ࡢዪᛶ⏝♩ᣏࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡣ 220 ੍࡛ 260 ྡࢆᐜ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ 2 㝵ࡢࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡣࢸࣞࣅࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥࡀ୕ࡘタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ♩ᣏࡣࠊ1 㝵࡛ㄝᩍࢆ ⾜࠺࣐࣮࣒㸦ᑟᖌ㸧ࡢ㢦ࡀᫎࡋฟࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࠙┿ 10ࠚࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࡢධཱྀ ࠙┿ 12ࠚዪᛶ⏝♩ᣏࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ㸦2 㝵㸧 ࠙┿ 11ࠚ⏨ᛶ⏝♩ᣏࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ㸦1 㝵㸧 ♩ᣏ᮶ࡿேᩘࡣ᪥ࡼࡗ࡚ࡲࡕࡲࡕ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㔠᭙௨እࡢᖹ᪥ࡣࠊዪᛶ⏝ࡢࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ ࡛ࡣ 1 ᅇࡢ♩ᣏࡘࡁ 10 ே㹼20 ே๓ᚋࡢ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࢆぢࡅࡓࠋ♩ᣏࡢ㛫ࡋ࡚ᐃࡵࡽ ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㛫ᖏࡸࡗ࡚ࡁ୍࡚ே࡛♩ᣏࢆࡍࡿ⏝⪅ࡶከࡃࠊࣇࣞ࢟ࢩࣈࣝ⏝ࡉࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ୍᪥ࡢᖹᆒ⏝⪅ᩘࢆࡾฟࡍࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㔠᭙᪥ࡢ♩ᣏ࡛ࡣࠊ ♩ᣏሙࡀ‶ᮼ࡞ࡿࡇࡶከࡃࠊࡲࡓ࣐ࣛࢲࣥ᭶࡞ࡢ⚍ࡾࡢࡣࠊ♩ᣏሙࡢእࡢ㥔㌴ ሙࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡲ࡛ಙᚐ࡛࠶ࡩࢀ࠼ࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࡑ࠺ࡔࠋ♩ᣏࡢㄝᩍࡣࠊࡲࡎ࣐࣮࣒ ࡼࡗ࡚ࣛࣅㄒ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓᚋࠊ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࡼࡗ࡚ࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ࡛㏻ヂࡉࢀࡿࠋ ➹⪅ࡣࠊࡇࡢࣔࢫࢡࢆ⏝ࡍࡿ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜዪᛶ 7 ྡᑐࡋࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗㄪᰝ➼ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸦༠ 39 39 ຊ⪅ࡢᒓᛶ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣᅗ⾲ 2 ࢆཧ↷ࡢࡇ㸧ࠋࣥࢱࣅ࣮࡛ࣗࡣࠊࣔࢫࢡࢆ⏝ࡍࡿ㢖ᗘ ࡸࡇࡢࣔࢫࢡ᮶ࡿ⌮⏤ࠊ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡋ࡚⏕άࡋ࡚࠸ࡃୖ࡛ࡢᅔ㞴࡞ࡘ࠸࡚ᑜࡡࡓࠋ ᪥ᖖⓗ࡞♩ᣏࡢሙࡋ࡚ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࢆ㑅ࡪ⌮⏤ࡣࠊ ࠕࣂࢫࡢࡍࡄ㏆ࡃ࡛ ㏻ࡢ౽ࡀ࠸࠸ࡽࠖ㸦B Ặ࣭C Ặ㸧ࠊࠕࣇࣛࣥࢫ࡛␒┠ࡁ࠸ࣔࢫࢡࡔࡽࠖ㸦B Ặ࣭ D Ặ㸧ࠊࠕ㧗ᰯࡢࡍࡄ㏆ࡃࡔࡽࠖ㸦D Ặ㸧ࠊࠕᏛࡢ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢࡍࡄ㏆ࡃࡔࡽࠖ㸦G Ặ㸧 ࠸ࡗࡓពぢࡀ࠶ࡀࡗࡓࠋ ࠕ ࡍࡄ㏆ࡃఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡽࠋูࡇࡢࣔࢫࢡ࡛ࡶᵓࢃ࡞࠸ࠋࠖ ゝ࠸ཤࡗ࡚⾜ࡗࡓዪᛶ⏝⪅ࡶ࠸ࡓࠋ௨๓ࡣ⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ⌧ᅾࡣ⏝ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠸ ࠺ A Ặࡣࠕ⮬ศࡢఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡇࢁࡽ㐲࠸ࡽࡶ࠺㏻ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡣᏛ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ ࡢ㏆ࡃࡢࣔࢫࢡࡼࡃ⾜ࡃࠋࠖヰࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࠋࡢࣔࢫࢡ⾜ࡃࡢࠊ࠸࠺ࡇ㛵ࡋ ࡚ࡣࠊᐙࡸᏛᰯࠊ⫋ሙࡽࡢ㏆ࡉࠊ⏕άᅪෆ࠶ࡿࡇࡶ㔜せ࡞ᣦ㔪࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ ࢃࡗࡓࠋ ࣔࢫࢡࡣほගࢫ࣏ࢵࢺࡋ࡚ࡶ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➹⪅ࡶ▷࠸ᅾࡢ୰࡛ࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ ࣝᅾఫࡢ㠀࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜዪᛶ 2 ྡࠊࢺࣝࢥࡽ᮶ࡓほගᐈࡢዪᛶ 2 ྡࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ேࡢࢶ࣮ᅋ య࡞ฟࡃࢃࡋࡓࠋಙᚐࡀෆ㒊ࢆෆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᵝᏊࡶぢࡽࢀࠊࣔࢫࢡࡀ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜ㠀࣒ ࢫ࣒ࣜࠊಙᚐほගᐈࡢὶࡢሙᡤ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ❚࠼ࡓࠋࣔࢫࢡࢆゼࢀࡓࢫࢺࣛ ࢫࣈ࣮ࣝఫẸࡢዪᛶ㸦H Ặ㸧ࡢヰ࡛ࡣࠊࠕ༢ᑂ⨾ⓗ࡞ዲወᚰࡽࡇࡇ᮶ࡓࠋほගᐈࡀ ⪷ᇽ⾜ࡃࡼ࠺ࠊ⚾ࡶࣔࢫࢡ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡳࡓࡗࡓࡔࡅࠋ᐀ᩍⓗ࡞ពࡣࡃ࡞࠸ࠋࣔ ࢫࢡࡢ୰ධࡗࡓࡇࡀ࡞ࡗࡓࡽࠊ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ▱ࡾࡓࡗࡓࠋࠖ࠸࠺ࠋᙼዪࡣ ࡲࡓ⾜ࡁࡓ࠸ࡶヰࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣔࢫࢡᑐࡋ࡚࣏ࢪࢸࣈ࡞༳㇟ࢆᢪ࠸ࡓࡼ࠺ࡔࠋ ௬ྡ ᖺ௦ ᛶู ฟ㌟ᆅ ᒃఫᆅ ࡑࡢ ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ᪉ἲ AẶ 20 ௦๓༙ ዪ ࣔࣟࢵࢥ Neudorf ᆅ༊ Ꮫ㝔⏕ 㠀ᵓ㐀ࣥࢱࣅ ࣮ࣗ BẶ 20 ௦๓༙ ዪ ࣔࣟࢵࢥ Koenigshoffe Ꮫ㝔⏕ n ᆅ༊ ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣭ࣥࢱࣅ ࣮ࣗ CẶ 10 ௦ᚋ༙ ዪ ࣔࣟࢵࢥ ᆅ༊᫂ 㧗ᰯ⏕ 㸦C Ặ D Ặࡣ㏵୰ DẶ 10 ௦ᚋ༙ ዪ ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝ ᆅ༊᫂ 㧗ᰯ⏕ ࡛㏥ᐊ㸧 EẶ 20 ௦๓༙ ዪ ࢭࢿ࢞ࣝ Cronenbourg Ꮫ㝔⏕ࠊ ᆅ༊ ึゼၥ Neudorf ᆅ༊ Ꮫ㝔⏕ࠊ FẶ 20 ௦๓༙ ዪ ࢭࢿ࢞ࣝ ึゼၥ GẶ 10 ௦ᚋ༙ ዪ ࣔࣟࢵࢥ ᆅ༊᫂ Ꮫ⏕ ࣓࣮࡛ࣝࡢࣥࢣ ࣮ࢺ HẶ 70 ௦ᚋ༙ ዪ ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝ Robertsau Ꮫ⩦⿵ຓ࣎ࣛ ༙ᵓ㐀ࣥࢱࣅ ᆅ༊ ࣥࢸࠊ㠀 ࣮ࣗ ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜ ࠙ᅗ⾲ 2ࠚࣔࢫࢡ⏝㛵ࡍࡿࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ༠ຊ⪅ࡢᒓᛶ 㸦ͤဨࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷෆᒃఫ㸧 ճᘓタࡲ࡛ࡢ⤒⦋ 1975 ᖺࠊA.E.I.F㸦Association des Étudiants Islamique de France㸸ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢࢫ࣒ࣛᏛ⏕ 40 40 ᅋయࠊ⌧ᅾࡣ Grande Mosquée de Strasbourg ᨵྡ㸧ࡢࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᨭ㒊ࡀㄌ⏕ࡍࡿࠋࡇ ࢀࡣࣔࣟࢵࢥ⣔ࡢ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡼࡿ⤌⧊࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࠊฮົᡤタࡁࡢ࣐࣮࣒ࢆࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿ Chaïb Choukri Ặ㸦ࣔࣟࢵࢥฟ㌟ࠊ60 ௦㸧ࡣࠊᏛᴗࢆ⤊࠼ࡓࡢࡕࡢ 1975 ᖺ㹼1976 ᖺ ࡽࡇࡢ⤌⧊ཧຍࡋጞࡵࡓࠋᙼࡣࠕࣔࢫࢡᘓタࡢࢹࡣࠊᅋయࡢㄌ⏕௨᮶ࡎࡗᏑ ᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ͐͐1975 ᖺࡽࡍ࡛ࠊ⚾ࡓࡕࡣᑠࡉ࡞ࣔࢫࢡࢆᘓタࡍࡿࡓࡵᅵᆅࢆ᥈ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࠖㄒࡿࠋᖾ࠸ 1982 ᖺ⏝ྍ⬟࡞ᗫᕤሙࡀぢࡘࡾࠊᨵࡋ࡚♩ᣏ⏝ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡶ⏝⪅ᩘࡢቑຍࡶ㊊ࡾ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊ≉㔠᭙᪥ࡣ♩ᣏᡤධ ࡾࡁࡽ࡞࠸ேࡀእ࠶ࡩࢀ࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋᪧ♩ᣏᡤࡢࡑࡤࡢ࣒ࢫ࣒࣭ࣜࣇࢵࢩࣙ ࣥᗑࢆ⤒Ⴀࡍࡿ Durak Ặ㸦ࢺࣝࢥฟ㌟ࠊ60 ௦㸧ࡣࠊᙜࢆࡇ࠺ࡾ㏉ࡿࠋࠕ㔠᭙᪥ࡣࠊࡇ ࡇࡣࣃࢽࢵࢡࡔࡗࡓࠋࡓࡃࡉࢇࡢேࡀ࠸࡚ࠊࡓࡃࡉࢇࡢ⮬ື㌴ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ௨๓ࡣࠊ⚾ࡓ ࡕࡣ࠸ࡘࡶᒇእ࡛♩ᣏࢆࡋࡓࢇࡔࠋࠖ ࡼ ࡾ ᗈ ࠸ ሙ ᡤ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ せ ồ ࡣ 㧗 ࡲ ࡾ ࠊ 1992 ᖺ ࠊ ࡘ ࠸ ᙜ ࡢ ࢫ ࢺ ࣛ ࢫ ࣈ ࣮ ࣝ ᕷ 㛗 Catherine Trautmann ࡀ♩ᣏᡤࢆゼࢀࠊࡑࡢ⩣ᖺࣔࢫࢡࡢᘓタࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࠋ≉➹ࡍࡁࡣࠊ 1998 ᖺࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝࡢࣘࢲࣖᩍ㛗⪁ࠊ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡྖᩍࠊࣉࣟࢸࢫࢱࣥࢺᩍ㛗 ࡢ୕Ặࡀඹྠ࡛ࣔࢫࢡᘓ⠏ࡢᚋᢲࡋࢆࡍࡿᐉゝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㝔タࡁࡢ࣐ ࣮࣒࡛ࠊ᐀ᩍ㛫ᑐヰ✚ᴟⓗ㛵ࢃࡿ Mohamed Latahy Ặ㸦ࣔࣟࢵࢥฟ㌟ࠊ50 ௦㸧ࡣࠊ௨ ୗࡢࡼ࠺ドゝࡍࡿࠋ ࠕࡇࡢィ⏬ࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷᨭ࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡅࢀࠊࡑࢀࡔ ࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡࠊࣉࣟࢸࢫࢱࣥࢺࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࣘࢲࣖᩍࡢ᐀ᩍඹྠయࡶᨭ࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࡍ࡛ᙼࡽࡢ᐀ᩍ㛫ᑐヰࡢṔྐࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡔࡽࡇࡑ㸦ࣔࢫࢡࡢᘓタィ⏬ ࡀ㸧ࡼࡾ⡆༢ࡔࡗࡓࠋࠖࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᚋᢲࡋࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ2000 ᖺࠊAEIF ࡣᕷࡢ㛗ᮇ㈤㈚ዎ⣙ ࡼࡗ࡚ᅵᆅࢆᚓࡿࡇᡂຌࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊྠᖺᘓタࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࡀ⾜ ࢃࢀࡿࠋୡ⏺ⓗⴭྡ࡞ 5 ྡࡢᘓ⠏ᐙࡼࡗ࡚ྛࠎࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡀ⤂ࡉࢀࡓࡢࡕࠊ12 ேࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿᑂᰝဨᅋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࢱࣜேᘓ⠏ᐙ࡛࠶ࡿ Paolo Portoghesi ࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ ࢡࢺࡀ㑅ࡤࢀࡓࠋ 2001 ᖺࡣࠊᕷᨻࡀ୰㐨ᕥὴࡢ PS㸦Parti Socialiste㸸♫ඪ㸧ࡽ୰㐨ྑὴࡢ UMP㸦Union pour un Mouvement Populaire㸸ᅜẸ㐠ື㐃ྜ㸧ኚࡋࠊᘓタィ⏬ࡣ᳨ウࡋ┤ࡉࢀࡿࡇ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࣔࢫࢡᘓタࡢ㈐௵⪅࡛࠶ࡗࡓ Fouad Douai Ặ㸦ࣔࣟࢵࢥฟ㌟ࠊ50 ௦㸧ࡣ 2001 ᖺࠊᕷᨻࡀኚࢃࡿ 1 ᭶๓ᘓタチྍ⏦ㄳࢆᥦฟࡋࡓࡀࠊᕷᨻࡢኚࡼࡗ࡚ᘓタィ⏬ࡣ 18 ᭶㛫Ṇࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡗࡓ࠸࠺ࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ UMP ࡢᕷ㛗ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᙜึィ⏬ࡉ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ࣑ࢼࣞࢵࢺ㸦ᑤሪ㸧ᅗ᭩㤋࡞ࡢᩥタࡢᘓタࢆ༷ୗࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ Douai Ặࡼࡿࠊࠕᕷ㛗ࡣࠊࡶࡋࣦࢪࣈࣝ࡞ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡢᘓ≀ࡀ࡛ࡁࢀࡤࠊேࠎࡀ FN 㸦Front National㸸ᅜẸᡓ⥺㸧ᢞ⚊ࡋࠊᴟྑࡀྎ㢌ࡍࡿゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ࠸࠺ࠋࡲࡓࠊ⮬ ㌟ ࡶ ࣔ ࢫ ࢡ ᘓ タ 㛫 ᥋ ⓗ 㛵 ࢃ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡓ ࠸ ࠺ ࢚ ࢡ ࢧ ࣥ ࣉ ࣟ ࣦ ࣥ ࢫ Ꮫ ࡢ Franck Frégosi ᩍᤵࡣࠊ࣑ࢼࣞࢵࢺࡀᚷ㑊ࡉࢀࡓ⌮⏤ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ࣑ࢼࣞࢵࢺࡣఱᨭ㓄ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢࢆ ࣓࣮ࢪࡉࡏࡿࠋࡍ࡛ྑὴࡣᕧ࡞࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜྥࡅࡢሙᡤࢆࡘࡃࡿࡇࢆཷࡅධࢀࡀࡓࡃ ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࡋࠊከࡃࡢࣇࣛࣥࢫேࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ࣑ࢼࣞࢵࢺࡣ᰿ࢆᙇࡾୖ᪼ࡍࡿࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ ࡢ㇟ᚩ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᶒጾࢆࡿ࠺ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡢ࣓࣮ࢪࡔࠖᣦࡍࡿࠋ ࣑ࢼࣞࢵࢺᩥタࢆ㝖࠸ࡓᙧ࡛ィ⏬ࡣ⦎ࡾ┤ࡉࢀࠊ2004 ᖺᕤࡀ㛤ጞࡍࡿࠋࡋ ࡋࠊ2007 ᖺࠊࢻࢶࡢᘓタᴗ⪅ࡢ㛫࡛ࢺࣛࣈࣝࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᘓタィ⏬ࡣࡧṆࡍࡿࡇ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᘓタᴗ⪅ࡀࣇࣛࣥࢫ࡛ኳࢆࡘࡃࡿࡓࡵࡢ㈨᱁ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸࡞ࡗࡓࡇࠊ᭱ 41 41 ึணᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㔠㢠࡛ࡣ㊊ࡾ࡞࠸ゝ࠸ࡔ ࡋࡓࡇࡀཎᅉ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋAEIF ഃࡀ୍᪉ⓗ ዎ⣙ࢆᡴࡕษࡾࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢᴗ⪅᪂ࡓ ዎ⣙ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ2009 ᖺࡽᘓタࡣ㛤ࡉ ࢀࡓࠋ2012 ᖺ 9 ᭶ࠊࡘ࠸ࣔࢫࢡࡢⴠᡂ ᘧࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࠊࣔࢫࢡ⟶㛗 Said Alla Ặࠊࣔࣟࢵ Grande Mosquée de Strasbourg ᘓタ㈨㔠ࡢฟᡤ ᕞ㆟ ┴㆟ 7% 7% ࢡ ࢙࣮࢘ࢺ ࢡ࢙࣮࢘ ࢺ 5㸣 5% ࢫࢺࣛࢫ ࣈ࣮ࣝᕷ 8% ࣔࣟࢵࢥ 39% ࢥࡢᨻᗓ㛵ಀ⪅ࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣘࢲࣖ 㛗⪁ࠊCFCM ㆟㛗ࡢ Mohammed Moussaoui Ặࠊ Roland Ries ᕷ㛗㸦PSࠊ2008 ᖺᑵ௵㸧ࠊᙜ ࢧ࢘ࢪ ࣛࣅ 9% ಙᚐࡢ ᐤ㔠 25% ࠙ᅗ⾲ ࠚࣔࢫࢡࡢᘓタ㈨㔠ฟᡤ ࡢෆ┦ Manuel Valls Ặࡽࡀཧຍࡋࡓࠋ ࣔࢫࢡࡢᘓタ㈨㔠ࡋ࡚ࠊᕷ࣭┴㆟࣭ᕞ ㆟ࡽィ 223 400Μ㸦ᘓタ㈨㔠యࡢ 23㸣㸧ࡶࡢຓࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡓࠊࣔࣟࢵࢥࠊࢧ࢘ ࢪࣛࣅࠊࢡ࢙࣮࢘ࢺࡢᨻᗓࡽࡶከ࡞ຓࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ մࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࡢᙳ㡪 ࣔࢫࢡࡢᘓ⠏ࡣఱࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓࡢࠋࡲࡎఱࡼࡾࡶࠊಙᚐࡗ࡚ࡣࡁ࡞႐ࡧ࡛࠶ࡗ ࡓࡣࡎࡔࠋࣔࢫࢡࡢ⏝⪅ G Ặࡣࡇ࠺ㄒࡿࠋࠕᡂࡋࡓࠊࡘ࠸ࣔࢫࢡ࠸࠺ྡࡩࡉ ࢃࡋ࠸ࣔࢫࢡࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡇࡗࡋࡓࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ௨๓ࡣ࠸ࡃࡘࡢᆅ༊࡛ࠊṧᛕ࡞≧ែ ⨨ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿఱࡽࡢᘓ≀ࡋぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ᫇ࡣᆅୗᗜ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࢆ࡞ ࢇᩚഛࡋࡓࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࡽࠋ࠶ࡣࠊ㦫ჃࡢẼᣢࡕ࡛ࡍࠋᮏᙜ࡞࡞ᐇឤࡀࢃ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࠖࣔࢫࢡᘓタ᭱ึࡽ᭱ᚋࡲ࡛㛵ࢃࡗࡓ Douai Ặࡶࠊ႐ࡧࢆ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺⾲ ⌧ࡍࡿࠋ ࠕࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊࡗࡋࡓࡼࠋ࠶࡞ࡓࡗ࡚ࡢಟኈㄽᩥࡳࡓ࠸࡞ࡶࡢࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣฟ ⏘ࢆ⤊࠼ࡓዪᛶࡓࡕྠࡌẼᣢࡕࠋࠖChoukri Ặࡣࠊ ࠕᚰࡀ⇕ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠊᮏᙜᎰࡋࡗࡓࠋ ࡑࢀ㸦ࣔࢫࢡࡢᡂ㸧ࡣࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷࡗ࡚ࠊ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡗ࡚ࠊࡲࡓ㠀࣒ࢫࣜ ࣒ࡗ࡚ࡢ೧࡞⚃⚍࡛ࠊࡔࡗࡓࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࡇࢀࡣࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝࡢࣔࢫࢡࡔࡽࠋ ࡼࡑࡽ᮶ࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࡛ࣝ⏕ࡲࢀࡓࣔࢫࢡ࡞ࢇࡔࠋࠖㄒࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉࡛ᙼ ࡣࠊࣔࢫࢡࡢᘓタࡣࡲࡔ㏵୰࠶ࡿࡇࢆゝ࠸ῧ࠼ࡿࠋLatahy Ặࡶྠᵝࡢᣦࢆࡍࡿࠋ ࠕࣔ ࢫࢡࡢᘓタࡣࡲࡔ⤊ࢃࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࣔࢫࢡ⮬యࡣ⤊ࢃࡗࡓࡅࢀࡶࠊ࣑ࢼࣞࢵࢺࡣࡲࡔ࡞ ࠸ࡋࠊᩍᐊࡸᒎ♧ᐊ࡞ࠊᩥⓗ࡞ഃ㠃ࡣఱ୍ࡘ⤊ࢃࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࠖ ࡛ࡣࠊእ㒊ᑐࡍࡿࣔࢫࢡࡢᙳ㡪ຊࡣࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࠋࣔࢫࢡࡢᣢࡘ࣏ࢪࢸ ࣈ࡞ᙳ㡪ຊࡋ࡚ࠊDouai Ặࡣࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡀ♫ࡢ୰࡛ྍどࡉࢀࡿዎᶵ࡞ࡿᣦࡍ ࡿࠋ ࠕࠊ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡣࡇࡇ࠸ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࡑࢀࡣྍどⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࠋぢࡽࢀࡿ࠸࠺ ࡇࡣࠊㄆ▱ࡉࢀࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࠋ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡣࡶ࠺እᅜே࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࠖࡲࡓࠊChoukri Ặ࠸ࢃ ࡃࠊ ࠕேࡧࡣࣔࢫࢡࢆⓎぢࡋࠊゼࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋ͐͐ࡇࡢࣔࢫࢡࡣఱ༓ࡶࡢேࡀゼ ࢀࡿࠋᙼࡽࡣゼၥࡋࠊࣔࢫࢡࢆぢ࡚ࠊࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡸ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜᑐࡍࡿぢ᪉ࢆኚ࠼ࡿࠋ୍ࠖ᪉ ࡛ࠊFrégosi ᩍᤵࡣูࡢᙳ㡪ຊࡶᣦࡍࡿࠋࠕ୍ᗘࣔࢫࢡࡀᘓ࡚ࡽࢀࡿࠊࡶࡕࢁࢇࣜࢫࢡ ࡀ࠶ࡿࠊ࠸ࡃࡘࡢ⏺㝰ࡢ⤌⧊ࡀࠊ ࠗ⚾ࡓࡕࡶ♩ᣏᡤࡀḧࡋ࠸࠘ゝ࠸ࡔࡍࠋ͐͐ࣔࢫࢡࡢ ᘓタࡣࠊࡣᩛᑐ㛵ಀࡸ᎖ጊ῝࠸ᛂ㈉⊩ࡍࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࠖࡉࡽࠊᕷෆࡢ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜ ᅋయࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࣝࢨࢫᆅᇦᅪෆࡢࡢ㒔ᕷ࠾ࡅࡿᘓタィ⏬ࡸࠊࣄࣥࢻ࣮ᩍࡸ ᩍ࡞ࡢ᐀ᩍᅋయࡼࡿ♩ᣏᡤᘓタࡢືྥࡶᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ 42 42 7㸬⪃ᐹ ࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷෆࡢࣇ࣮ࣝࢻㄪᰝࡽࡣࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝᕷࡣᵝࠎ࡞ᙧែࡢࠕ ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࠖࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋከࡃࡣ㒊ᒇࡢ୍ᐊࡸᪧᗜࢆᨵ ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡞ࠕ⏺㝰ࡢࣔࢫࢡ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ≉ᚩࢆᣢࡗࡓ♩ᣏᡤࡀከᵝ࡞ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ ᅋయࡼࡗ࡚㐠Ⴀࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➹⪅ࡀ◊✲ᑐ㇟ࡋࡓࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࡣࠊ ࠕ୰ኸ ࡢࣔࢫࢡ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝ࠾࠸࡚ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡀ᰿࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆ㇟ᚩࡍࡿᏑ ᅾ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᐇ㝿⏝⪅ヰࢆ⪺ࡃࠊࣔࢫࢡࢆ㑅ࡪ⌮⏤ࡋ࡚⮬ศࡢ⏕άᅪෆ࠶ࡿ ࠸࠺ࡇࢆ㔜どࡍࡿேࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋ⾤ࡢࢩࣥ࣎ࣝ࡞ࡿࣔࢫࢡࡢᏑᅾࡣ㔜せࡔࡀࠊ ࠕ⏺ 㝰ࡢࣔࢫࢡࠖࡸࠕ㏆㞄ࡢ♩ᣏᡤࠖࡶࡲࡓྠᵝࠊ⮬⏤࡞ࢫ࣮࣒ࣛᐇ㊶ࡁ࡞ᙺࢆᯝ ࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࣭ࣝࣔࢫࢡࡢᘓタ㝿ࡋ࡚ࠊࡢ᐀ᩍࡽࡢ༠ຊࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇࡣ ὀ┠್ࡍࡿࠋLatahy Ặࡢㄒࡾࡽࡶศࡿࡼ࠺ࠊ௨๓ࡽಁ㐍ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ᐀ᩍ㛫ࡢᑐ ヰࡀࠊࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ⧅ࡀࡗࡓࠋࣝࢨࢫᆅ᪉ࡣ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡࠊࣉࣟࢸࢫࢱࣥࢺࠊࣘࢲࣖᩍࡢ ୕᐀ᩍࡀేᏑࡋ࡚ࡁࡓṔྐࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡽࡶࠊᆅᇦࡼࡾࡶ᐀ᩍⓗከඖᛶࡀᐇ⌧ࡉࢀࡸࡍ ࠸ᆅᇦᛶࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊᕷᨻࡢኚక࠸ᘓタィ⏬ࡀኚ᭦ࡉ ࢀࡓࡾࠊࣔࢫࢡࢆࡢᅋయࡀ⟶⌮ࡍࡿࢆࡵࡄࡗ୍࡚╔ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡾ࡞ࠊࢥࣥࣇࣜࢡࢺ ࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᘓタࡲ࡛ࡢ㐨ࡢࡾࡣỴࡋ࡚ᴦ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࣔࢫࢡࢆࣦࢪࣈࣝ ࡞ࡶࡢࡋࡓࡃ࡞࠸ UMP ᕷᨻࠊ࣑ࢼࣞࢵࢺ㸭ᩥタࢆഛ࠼ࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝࢆ௦⾲ࡍ ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࣔࢫࢡࢆᵓࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ AEIFࠊࣔࣟࢵࢥ⣔ᅋయࡢࣔࢫࢡࢆࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝࡢࢫ ࣮࣒ࣛࡢ௦⾲ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡓࡃ࡞࠸ࡢ࠸ࡃࡘࡢࢫ࣮࣒ࣛᅋయ࡞ࠊㅖࢡࢱ࣮ࡢྛࠎ ࡢㄽ⌮ࡀ⾪✺ࡍࡿሙࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࣔࢫࢡᘓタࢆᤊ࠼ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ᭱ᚋࠊᡂࡋࡓࣔࢫࢡࡣࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝ࠾ࡅࡿࢫ࣮࣒ࣛࡢࣉࣞࢮࣥࢫࢆྍど ࡉࡏࠊ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜࡢᒃఫ⪅ࡢฟ࠸ࡢሙ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋከࡃࡢほගᐈゼࢀࡽࢀࠊ࣓ ࢹࡣ␗࡞ࡿࢫ࣮࣒ࣛീࢆ⋓ᚓࡍࡿዎᶵࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᘓタ㛵ࢃࡗࡓ᪉ࠎࡢㄒ ࡾࡽ♧ࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊࣔࢫࢡࡀᕷࡽࡢຓࢆཷࡅ࡚ᡂࡋࡓࡇࡀࠊᙼࡽࡗ࡚ࢫ ࣮࣒ࣛࡀࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝ᰿ࡁࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮࡛ࣝ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆពࡍࡿ࠸࠺ ࡇࡔࠋࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝ࠸࠺⾤࠺ࡲࡃ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡲࢀࡓࣔࢫࢡࡢᏑᅾࡣࠊேࠎࡢࢫ࣮ࣛ ࣒ほࢆኚ࠼ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆᏑศ⛎ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 8㸬ᚋࡢ◊✲ࡢᒎᮃ ᅇࠊ࣑࣮࣮ࣗࣝࢬࡸࢥ࣐࣮ࣝࣝ࡞ࠊࣝࢨࢫᆅᇦࡢࡢ㒔ᕷ࠾ࡅࡿࣔࢫࢡᘓタ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࡃㄪᰝࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝྠࡌࡃᆅ᪉ἲࡢ㐺⏝ୗ࠶ࡿࡇࡢ ࡘࡢ⾤࡛ࡶྠᵝࣔࢫࢡᘓタࡢືࡁࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࣝࢨࢫᆅ᪉࠾ࡅࡿࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࡢᅾ ࡾ᪉ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣࠊࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊࡢ⾤࠾ࡅࡿࢆぢࡿࡇ ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࠊ1905 ᖺἲࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࣝࢨࢫ࠾ࡅࡿᨻ ᩍ㛵ಀࡀࢫࢺࣛࢫࣈ࣮ࣝࡢࢫ࣮࣒ࣛ✵㛫ࡢฟ⧅ࡀࡗࡓࡇࡣ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ ୍㒔ᕷࡢ≉Ṧ࡞ࡢࡳࡽࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫయࡢࢫ࣮࣒ࣛୡ⩏ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࢆᤊ࠼┤ࡍ ࡢࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢࡢᆅᇦࡸ㒔ᕷࡢẚ㍑ࡀᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࢆᚋࡢㄢ㢟 ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ 43 43 9㸬せཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ ࢪ࣭ࣕࣥ࣎࣋ࣟࠊ୕ᾆಙᏕࡽヂࠗࣇࣛࣥࢫ࠾ࡅࡿ⬺᐀ᩍᛶࡢṔྐ࠘ⓑỈ♫ࠊ2009 ᖺࠋ ᑠἨὒ୍ࠗᨻᩍศ㞳᐀ᩍⓗ⮬⏤̿ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢࣛࢩࢸ࠘ἲᚊᩥ♫ࠊ1998 ᖺࠋ Francis Messner, Pierre-Henri Prélot et Jean-Marie Woehrling, [2004] Droit français des religions, LexisNexis. Bernard Godard et Sylvie Taussig, [2007] Les musulmans en France, HACHETTE. Franck Frégosi, [2001] “Droit de cité de l’islam et politiques municipales: analyse comparée entre Strasbourg et Mulhouse,’’ Franck Frégosi and Jean-Paul Willaime (eds.), La religieux dans la commune, Labor et Fides, pp.92-137. Karim Abdoun, Mathilde Chevre, Asma Al Atyaoui, Abdel Aziz Faïk [2004] Histoires de mosquées -Recuil de témoignages-, Kalima. Grande Mosquée de Strasbourg ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ 㸺 http://www.mosquee-strasbourg.com/ 㸼 44 44
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