2015/10/27 䜒䛾䛵䛟䜚䛾㈐௵ 䜲䞁䝍䞊䝻䝑䜽ᵓ㐀 స䜛㈐௵ స䜙䛺䛔㈐௵ ᅜ㝿つ᱁䛸ປാᏳ⾨⏕ ㈐௵䛒䜛䜒䛾䛵䛟䜚 • • 䛚ᐈ䛥䜎䜢ᖾ䛫䛻䛩䜛(䝙䞊䝈䛻ᛂ䛘䜛䠅䞉䞉䞉 responsibility Ᏻ䛿䚸䝙䞊䝈䛾๓ᥦ䠄ᬯ㯲䛾ሙྜ䜒䠅䚹䛯䛰䛧┠ⓗ䛷䛿䛺䛔 • • 䛹䜣䛺ᶵᲔ䜒䚸䛔᪉䛻䜘䛳䛶䛿༴䛺䛔 䛚ᐈᵝ䛻ཷ䛡ධ䜜䜙䜜䜛༴㝤 䛚ᐈ䛥䜎䛻ㄝ᫂䛧䛶䛱䜓䜣䛸䛳䛶䜒䜙䛖䞉䞉䞉 accountability • ᑡ䛺䛟䛸䜒ྲྀ䜚㏉䛧䛜䛴䛛䛺䛔䜒䛾䛿䛴䛟䜙䛺䛔䞉䞉䞉safety • ➨୍⪅䛸➨⪅䛾ྜព • ISO/IEC Guide51䛾Ᏻ䞉䞉䞉チᐜ䛷䛝䛺䛔䝸䝇䜽䛜䛺䛔 (ㄢ㢟䠅 䐟➨୕⪅䛾Ᏻ䚸Ꮚ౪䜔㧗㱋⪅䠄ዎ⣙እ䠅䛾Ᏻ 䐠ྲྀ䜚㏉䛧䛜䛴䛛䛺䛔༴ᐖ 㛗ᒸᢏ⾡⛉ᏛᏛ䝅䝇䝔䝮Ᏻ ⰾྖಇ㑻 䛚ᐈ䛥䜎䛸➨୕⪅䠄₯ᅾ㢳ᐈ䠅䛾Ᏻ䛿䚸ᥦ౪⪅(ᢏ⾡⪅䠅䛾Ᏻᚰ ⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍䛻ᣳ䜎䜜 ປാ⅏ᐖṚஸ⪅ᩘ䠄⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䠅 7 Ṇ䜑䛪䛻ධ䜛 6 5 Ṇ䜑䛪䛻ධ䜜䜛 4 3 2 1 0 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 • 䝁䞁䝧䜰ෆ䛻䝽䞊䜽䛾◚∦䛜䛒䜛䛣䛸䜢Ⓨぢ䛧 䛯䛾䛷䚸◚∦䜢ྲྀ䜚㝖䛔䛶䛔䛯䛸䛣䜝䚸⏘ᴗ⏝䝻 䝪䝑䝖䛾䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍䛻㢌㒊䜢䛿䛥䜎䜜Ṛஸ䚹 • Ṇ䜑䛪䛻ධ䜜䜛ᰙ䞉䞉䞉タ⨨䛻☜ㄆ䛿䠛 1 2015/10/27 䝖䝷䝤䝹ฎ⌮䛷Ṛஸ ᰙ䛾ୗ䛛䜙ධ䛧Ṛஸ • 䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾䝽䞊䜽䜽䝷䞁䝥␗ᖖ䛜Ⓨ⏕䛧Ṇ ≧ែ䛸䛺䛳䛯䛯䜑䚸䝉䝣䝔䜱䝥䝷䜾ᡬ䛛䜙䛷 䛿䛺䛟ୖྎഃ䛛䜙タഛෆ䛻㐍ධ䛧䚸ᦙ㏦ྎ 䛸䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾㛫䛻❧䛱䚸䝽䞊䜽䜢ື䛛䛧䛶␗ᖖ 䜢ゎ㝖䛧䛯䚹䛭䛾㝿䚸Ṇ≧ែ䛷䛒䛳䛯䝻䝪䝑 䝖䛜ື䛝䚸ඛ➃䛾䜽䝷䞁䝥㒊䛸ᦙ㏦ྎ䛾㛫䛻 ⬚㒊䜢䛿䛥䜎䜜䛯䚹 • ⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛻䜘䜛䝟䝺䝑䝖䜈䛾Ⲵ䠄㔜㔞⣙ 16kg䛾䝥䝷䝇䝏䝑䜽䝁䞁䝔䝘䠅✚䜏సᴗ୰䚸⿕ ⅏⪅䛜䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾Ᏻᰙୗ➃䛸ᗋ䛸䛾30cm 䛾㝽㛫䛛䜙ᰙෆ䛻㌟య䜢䜒䛠䜚䛣䜎䛫㐍ධ䛧 䛯䛸䛣䜝䚸䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾䜰䞊䝮䛻䜘䜚㐠ᦙ䛥䜜䛶 ୗ㝆䛧䛶䛝䛯Ⲵ䛻䛿䛥䜎䜜䛯䚹 • 䠏䠌䠿䡉䛷䜒ධ䜛䠙Ṇ䜑䛺䛔ᩍ⫱䛾ᡂᯝ • 㝽㛫䜢స䜛䛾䛿䛺䛬䛛䠛 Ṇ䜑䛪䛻ධ䜛 Ṇ䜑䛪䛻ධ䜜䜛 ⁐᥋䝏䝑䝥⿵୰䛻Ṛஸ • ⁐᥋䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾⁐᥋䝏䝑䝥䛜☻⪖䛧䛯䛯䜑䚸 䝏䝑䝥䜢⣡䛧䛶䛔䜛䝬䜺䝆䞁䛻ྥ䛡⛣ື䛧 䛶䛔䛯䝻䝪䝑䝖䛜Ṇ䛧䛯䚹䝏䝑䝥䜢⿵䛩䜛 䛯䜑⿕⅏⪅䛜䝬䜺䝆䞁䜢㛤䛡䛯䛸䛣䜝䚸㛤䛡 䛯䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚Ṇಙྕ䛜ゎ㝖䛥䜜䚸䝬䝙䝥 䝺䞊䝍䛜ື䛝ฟ䛧䛶䛿䛥䜎䜜Ṛஸ䛧䛯䚹 • 䛣䜜䜎䛷䜒ᐃᮇⓗ䛻⿵సᴗ • ධ䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻䛧䛶䛒䜛 Ṇ䜑䛪䛻ධ䜛 Ṇ䜑䛪䛻ධ䜜䜛 Ṇ䜑䛪䛻ධ䜛 Ṇ䜑䛪䛻ධ䜜䜛 㕲㗰ᴗ䛻䛚䛡䜛⏘ᴗᨾ䛾⌧≧䛸㜵Ṇ䛻ྥ䛡 䛯ᑐ⟇䛻䛴䛔䛶 䡚ᮃ䜎䛧䛔䠍䠏䛾ྲྀ⤌䡚 ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬ • 䛭䛾䠐 タഛ䜢Ṇ䜑䜛άື䛾ᚭᗏ – 䛂Ᏻ䛃䜘䜚䛂⏕⏘䛃䜢ඃඛ䛧䚸⌧ሙ䛿タഛ䜢䛂Ṇ䜑 䜛䛃䛣䛸䜢㌋㌉䚹 – ⌧ᅾ䛿䚸䛂Ṇ䜑䜛䛃ᣦᑟ䛜䛺䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸⅏ᐖ 㜵Ṇ䛻䛿᭦䛺䜛ᚭᗏ䛜ᚲせ䚹 • 䛭䛾䠒 タഛⓗᑐ⟇䛾᥎㐍 – ྛ♫䛸䜒タഛⓗᑐ⟇䠄㜵ㆤᰙ➼䠅䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛷䛔 䜛䛜䚸ᑐ⟇㏵ୖ䛾ẁ㝵䛷䛒䜛ሙྜ䛜 ከ䛔䚹 2 2015/10/27 ປാᏳ⾨⏕つ๎ୖ䛾⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖 ປാᏳ⾨⏕ἲ ➨3᮲䠄ᢒ䠅 ᴗ⪅䛾㈐ົ 䠍 ᴗ⪅䛿䚸᭱పᇶ‽䜢Ᏺ䜛䛰䛡䛷䛺䛟䚸ປാ⪅䛾Ᏻ 䛸ᗣ䜢☜ಖ䛩䜛䜘䛖䛻䛧䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䚹 䠎 ᶵᲔ䚸ჾල䚸タഛ䜢タィ䚸〇㐀䚸㍺ධ䛩䜛⪅䛿䛣䜜䜙䛾 ≀䛜⏝䛥䜜䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䜛ປാ⅏ᐖ䛾㜵Ṇ䛻ດ䜑䛺䛡 䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䚹䠄䝯䞊䜹➼䛾㈐ົ䠅 ⮬ⓗάື ⮬ⓗάື䛿ᴗ⪅䛾㈐ົ䠄ᇶᮏ䠅 э 䜔䜛䛣䛸䛿䛔䛳䜁䛔䛒䜛䚹 䠄ඃඛ㡰䛸ᐇ㡯䛾ุ᩿䛜ᚲせ䠅 • 䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍ཬ䜃グ᠈⨨䜢᭷䛧䚸グ᠈⨨䛾 ሗ䛻ᇶ䛵䛝䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍䛾ఙ⦰䚸ᒅఙ䚸ୖୗ ⛣ື䚸ᕥྑ⛣ື䜒䛧䛟䛿᪕ᅇ䛾ືస䜎䛯䛿䛣䜜 䜙䛾」ྜືస䜢⮬ືⓗ䛻⾜䛖䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛ᶵᲔ 䠄◊✲㛤Ⓨ୰䜒䛾䛺䛹䛿㝖䛟䠅 э 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖 ᭱పᇶ‽䛿䚸⾑䛾᮲ᩥ䠄ᶆ䠅 ᭱పᇶ‽ ⮬ⓗάື䛿Ᏻ⾨ἲ䛾┠ⓗ䜢㐩ᡂ䛩䜛せ䛺ᡭẁ(➨1᮲䠅 ᥐ⨨ ⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖 ⮬ື㐠㌿୰ 䝅䞊䜿䞁䝇ᆺ 䝥䝺䜲䝞䝑䜽ᆺ ᩘ್ไᚚᆺ ▱⬟ᆺ ᧯⦪ᆺ 㥑ື※㠀㐽᩿ ᩍ♧➼ సᴗ つ๎ 㐠㌿㛤ጞ䛾ྜᅗ ➨㻝㻜㻠᮲ ᰙ䞉ᅖ䛔䜢タ䛡䜛➼ ➨㻝㻡㻜᮲䛾㻠 సᴗつ⛬䛾సᡂ ➨㻝㻡㻜᮲䛾㻟 Ṇ䛾䛯䜑䛾ᥐ⨨ ➨㻝㻡㻜᮲䛾㻟 సᴗ୰䛾⾲♧ ➨㻝㻡㻜᮲䛾㻟 ≉ูᩍ⫱䛾ᐇ ➨㻟㻢᮲➨㻟㻝ྕ సᴗ㛤ጞ๓䛾Ⅼ᳨ ➨㻝㻡㻝᮲ సᴗ୰䛾⾲♧ ➨㻝㻡㻜᮲䛾㻟 㐠㌿Ṇ䛾ᐇ ➨㻝㻡㻜᮲䛾㻡 సᴗ୰䛾⾲♧ ➨㻝㻡㻜᮲䛾㻡 సᴗつ⛬䛾సᡂ ➨㻝㻡㻜᮲䛾㻡 Ṇ䛾䛯䜑䛾ᥐ⨨ ➨㻝㻡㻜᮲䛾㻡 సᴗ୰䛾⾲♧ ➨㻝㻡㻜᮲䛾㻡 ≉ูᩍ⫱䛾ᐇ ➨㻟㻢᮲➨㻟㻞ྕ ⮬ື㐠㌿୰ (ᴫ␎䠅 䠍 㐠㌿㛤ጞ䛾ྜᅗ䠄つ๎104᮲䠅 ͤ ಖᏲసᴗ⪅➼䛜タഛෆ䛻䛔䜛䛛䜒䛧䜜䛺䛔䚹 㥑ື※㐽᩿ ᳨ᰝ➼ సᴗ 䠄㐠㌿୰䠅 䠎 ᰙ䜢タ䛡䜛䛺䛹䚸༴㝤䜢㜵Ṇ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻ᚲ せ䛺ᥐ⨨䠄150᮲䛾4䠅 ͤ ᰙ䛷䛺䛟䛶䜒䛔䛔䛜䚸༴㝤䜢㜵Ṇ䛷䛝䜛䜒䛾 ͤ ග䜹䞊䝔䞁䛺䛹䚹 ⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛻㛵䛩䜛ປാᏳ⾨⏕つ๎䛾య⣔䠄ᴫせ䠅 3 2015/10/27 ᩍ♧సᴗ୰䠄150᮲䛾3䠅 䠄䠍䠅సᴗつ⛬䛾సᡂ ᧯సᡭ㡰䚸㏿ᗘタᐃ䚸ྜᅗ䚸␗ᖖ䛾ᥐ⨨䚸 ㉳ື䛾ᥐ⨨䛺䛹䠅䜢つᐃ䛧䚸࿘▱ 䠄䠎䠅␗ᖖ䛻┤䛱䛻⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䜢Ṇ䛩䜛ᥐ ⨨䠄㠀ᖖṆ䝪䝍䞁䚸䜲䝛䞊䝤䝹䛺䛹䠅䜢タ䛡䜛 䠄䠏䠅䝍䜾䜰䜴䝖䚸䝻䝑䜽䜰䜴䝖 䠄䠐䠅≉ูᩍ⫱䠄つ๎36᮲䠅 䞉ᩍ♧సᴗ䛾༴㝤ᛶ䚸Ᏻ᪉⟇➼ Ⅼ᳨ 151᮲ ྍື⠊ᅖෆ䛻䛚䛔䛶ᩍ♧➼䛾సᴗ䜢⾜䛖䛸 䛝䛿䚸సᴗ㛤ጞ๓䛻䚸Ⅼ᳨䜢⾜䛖䚹␗ᖖ䛜䛒 䜜䜀䚸⿵ಟ➼䜢⾜䛖䚹 䐟 እ㒊㟁⥺䛾⿕᭹䛺䛹 䐠 䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍䛾సື䛾␗ᖖ䛾᭷↓ 䐡 ไື⨨ཬ䜃㠀ᖖṆ⨨䛾ᶵ⬟ ᳨ᰝ➼䠄䛭䛖䛨䚸ㄪᩚ䚸䝯䞁䝔䝘䞁䝇䛺䛹䜢ྵ䜐䠅 䐟䝻䝪䝑䝖䜢Ṇ䛩䜛䛣䛸 䐠䝻䝑䜽䜰䜴䝖䚸䝍䜾䜰䜴䝖 䐡≉ูᩍ⫱ つ๎36᮲ ᳨ᰝ➼䛾సᴗ䛾༴㝤ᛶ䚸ᨾ㜵Ṇᥐ⨨䛺䛹 䐢Ṇ䛷䛝䛺䛔ሙྜ䞉䞉䞉ḟ䛾㡯䜢 䜰 సᴗつ⛬䛾సᡂ䠄᧯సᡭ㡰䚸ྜᅗ䛺䛹䠅 䜲 ␗ᖖ䛻┤䛱䛻⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䜢Ṇ䛩䜛 ᥐ⨨䠄㠀ᖖṆ䝪䝍䞁䚸䜲䝛䞊䝤䝹䝪䝍䞁䛺䛹䠅 䜴 㐠㌿䝰䞊䝗ษ᭰䝇䜲䝑䝏➼䜈䛾⾲♧䛺䛹 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖 䠄ປാᏳ⾨⏕ἲ➨28᮲䛾䠎䠅 • ᴗ⪅䛿䚸༴㝤ᛶ䞉᭷ᐖᛶ➼䜢ㄪᰝ䛧䠄䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯 䞁䝖䜢ᐇ䛧䠅䚸䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛶䚸ປാ⪅䛾༴㝤䜎 䛯䛿ᗣ㞀ᐖ䜢㜵Ṇ䛩䜛䛯䜑ᚲせ䛺ᥐ⨨䜢ㅮ䛪䜛䜘 䛖䛻ດ䜑䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䚹 • 䠔䠌䠳ᮍ‶䛷䛒䛳䛶䜒ྠᵝ • 䝒䞊䝹䚸䜰䝍䝑䝏䝯䞁䝖䚸࿘㎶ᶵჾ䛺䛹䜢⪃៖䛩䜛䚹 • ᑓ㛛䛾ປാ⪅௨እ䛾⪅䛜㏆䛵䛟䛣䛸䛿䛺䛔䛛䠛 • 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖ᣦ㔪䠄ᖹᡂ18ᖺ䠅 • ᶵᲔ䛾ໟᣓⓗ䛺Ᏻᇶ‽䛻㛵䛩䜛ᣦ㔪䠄ᖹᡂ19ᖺ䠅 ͤ 䝯䞊䜹䛸䝴䞊䝄䠄䠇䜲䞁䝔䜾䝺䞊䝍䠅䛾㐃ᦠ䛜㔜せ 4 2015/10/27 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖䠄ἲ28᮲䛾2䠅 䠄ᐇ⪅䠅 䝴䞊䝄ᴗ⪅ 䠄䛔䛴䜔䜛䛛 つ๎24᮲䛾11䠅 • ⏕⏘タഛ䜢タ⨨䛩䜛䛸䛝䚸ኚ᭦䛩䜛䛸䛝 • సᴗෆᐜ䚸ᡭ㡰䜢ኚ᭦䛩䜛䛸䛝 • ᪂䛯䛺ཎᮦᩱ➼䜢⏝䛔䜛䛸䛝 • 䝸䝇䜽䛜ኚ䛩䜛䛸䛝 Ᏻ䛸䛿䞉䞉䞉ISO/IEC Guide51 • チᐜ䛷䛝䛺䛔䝸䝇䜽䛜䛺䛔䛣䛸䚹 • チᐜ䛷䛝䜛༴㝤䛧䛛⏕䛨䛺䛔䜘䛖䛻䛩䜛 䠄ணᐃ䛹䛚䜚䛾ᨾ䠅 䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾Ᏻᑐ⟇䛾ᇶᮏ 䛂Ᏻ䛺䝻䝪䝑䝖䜢䚸Ᏻ䛻䛖䛃 zᏳ䛺䝻䝪䝑䝖䛸䛿䠛 zチᐜ䛷䛝䛺䛔༴㝤䛜䛺䛔䛣䛸䞉䞉䞉ISO/IEC䜺䜲䝗51 䠙 ༴㝤䛜ປാ⪅䛻ྲྀᢅྍ⬟䠄チᐜྍ⬟䠅 䠇➨୕⪅䛻༴ᐖ䜢ཬ䜌䛥䛺䛔䠄チᐜእ䠅 zᏳ䛻䛖䛸䛿䠛 zసᴗ⪅䛻ᑐᛂྍ⬟䛺༴㝤䠄チᐜ䠅 zṆ䜑䛯䛔䛸䛝䛻Ṇ䜎䜙䛺䛔ᶵᲔ䛿㽢 䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾タ⨨䛸⏝ • 䝻䝪䝑䝖䝯䞊䜹 → 䝴䞊䝄䠄ᴗ䠅 → ປാ⪅ 䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾㈙ సᴗᣦ♧ ᧯స᪉ἲ䠇༴㝤※䛾 ᢅ䛔᪉䛾ㄝ᫂ సᴗෆᐜ䠇༴㝤※䛾ᢅ 䛔᪉䛾ㄝ᫂(Ᏻᩍ⫱䠅 Ᏻ⾨๎24᮲䛾13 䛱䜓䜣䛸ᥦ౪ Ᏻᚰ Ᏻ⾨ἲ59᮲䛺䛹 Ᏻ 䛱䜓䜣䛸ᩍ⫱ Ᏻᚰ Ᏻ 5 2015/10/27 䝻䝪䝑䝖⅏ᐖ䛾㜵Ṇᑐ⟇ 〇㐀ẁ㝵ࡽࡢᏳ ᶵᲔࡢໟᣓⓗ࡞Ᏻᇶ‽㛵ࡍࡿᣦ㔪 • 䝻䝪䝑䝖䝯䞊䜹 • 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖䛸䚸䝸䝇䜽పῶ᪉⟇䠄䠏-Step-Method) • ༴㝤ሗ䛾ᥦ౪䠄ປാᏳ⾨⏕つ๎➨24᮲䛾13䠅 ༴㝤ሗ䠄䛹 䛹䛣䛜䚸䛹䛖༴䛺䛔䛛䚸䛹䛖䛩䜉䛝䛛䠅 • 䝻䝪䝑䝖䝴䞊䝄䠄ᴗ䠅 – 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖䛸䚸䝸䝇䜽పῶ᪉⟇䠄䠏-Step-Method) – సᴗᡭ㡰䚸Ᏻᩍ⫱䠄ປാᏳ⾨⏕ἲ➨59᮲䠅➼ Ᏻᩍ⫱䠄䛹 䛹䛣䛜䚸䛹䛖༴䛺䛔䛛䚸䛹䛖䛩䜉䛝䛛䠅 • ປാ⪅(⌧ሙ䠅 – 䠧䠵䚸ᣦᕪ⛠ ᶵᲔ䛾ໟᣓⓗ䛺Ᏻᇶ‽䛻㛵䛩䜛ᣦ㔪 • ᅜ㝿Ᏻつ᱁ ISO12100 䛸ᩚྜ 䛂Ᏻ䛃䛿䚸ᡭ䛻Ỵ䜑䜙䜜䛺䛔䚹 • ᑐ⟇䛩䜛䛾䛿䚸䜎䛪䐟䝸䝇䜽ᥦ౪ഃ䠄䝯䞊䜹ᑐ⟇䠅 ḟ䛻䚸䐠䝴䞊䝄ᴗ⪅ 䐡సᴗ⪅ • 3-Step-Method 䠄ඃඛ㡰䠅 䐟 ᮏ㉁ⓗᏳタィ᪉⟇ 䐠 Ᏻ㜵ㆤ䠄䜺䞊䝗ཪ䛿ಖㆤ⨨䠅䚸ຍಖㆤ᪉⟇ 䐡 ⏝ୖ䛾ሗ䠄㆙ሗ䚸㆙࿌⾲♧䚸ྲྀㄝ䛺䛹䠅 • 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖⤖ᯝ䛻ᛂ䛨䛯Ᏻ᪉⟇ Ᏻ⾨๎➨㸰㸲᮲ࡢ㸯㸱㸦H㸰㸲ᖺᨵṇ㸧 ᶵᲔㆡΏ⪅➼ࡀ⾜࠺ᶵᲔ㛵ࡍࡿ ༴㝤ᛶ➼ࡢ㏻▱ࡢಁ㐍㛵ࡍࡿᣦ㔪 ᖹᡂ㸯㸶ᖺປാᏳ⾨⏕ἲ ➨㸰㸶᮲ࡢ㸰㸦ດຊ⩏ົ㸧 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖䛾␃ពⅬ䠄ISO12100䛛䜙䠅 • 䝻䝪䝑䝖䛜⏝䛥䜜䜛᮲௳䚸≧ἣ䛾᫂☜ – ✵㛫ⓗ䛺᫂☜ • タ⨨ሙᡤ䚸ືస⠊ᅖ䚸࿘㎶ᶵჾ䛸䛾㛫㝸䚸 ே䛸䛾Ᏻ㊥㞳䚸㝽㛫 – 㛫ⓗ䛺᫂☜ • ⏝㛫䠄䚸ኪ䠅䚸㐃⥆⏝㛫䚸䝯䞁䝔䝘䞁䝇 㛫㝸 – ⏝᪉ἲ➼䛾᫂☜ • సᴗ⪅䚸᧯స⪅䚸ಖᏲ⪅䚸సᴗᡭ㡰䚸ྜ⌮ⓗ䛻ணぢྍ ⬟䛺ㄗ⏝ • ㏆᥋సᴗ䛾ෆᐜ 6 2015/10/27 3-Step-Method ISO12100 ணぢྍ⬟䛺ㄗ⏝ 䞉 䞉 䞉 䞉 ⑂ປэ㞟୰ຊ䛾Ḟዴэṇ䛧䛟䛺䛔⾜ື 䝷䜲䞁䝇䝖䝑䝥䛾ᑕⓗ⾜ື э䛱䜗䛣ᡭ ᭱ᑠປຊ э ㏆㐨⾜ື ⫼䛾㧗䛔ே䚸ప䛔ே䚸㧗㱋⪅䚸㞀☀⪅ э ┦ᡭ䛾どⅬ䛻❧䛳䛶⪃䛘䜛 ͤ Ᏻ᪉⟇䛾ඃඛ㡰 1. ᮏ㉁Ᏻタィ᪉⟇ ༴ᐖ䛾䛝䛥䜢ᑠ䛥䛟䛩䜛 2. Ᏻ㜵ㆤ䚸ຍⓗಖㆤ᪉⟇ Ⓨ⏕☜⋡䜢ୗ䛢䜛 3. ⏝ୖ䛾ሗ䛾ᥦ౪ ᅇ㑊ྍ⬟ᛶ䜢ୖ䛢䜛 䛂ᶵᲔ䛻㛵䛩䜛༴㝤ሗ䛾㏻▱䛃䛜 ດຊ⩏ົ䛻䛺䜚䜎䛧䛯 ᮏ㉁ⓗᏳタィ᪉⟇(䠅 ਃ༊पेॊௌ௮಼૩मؚ৸ௌ௮಼૩भ৺॑ڰطڭಚीؚଈಝ಼૩ृ૩भଋॊ಼૩ुਯেखथःऽघ؛ऒभञलௐ েௌ௮दमؚਃ༊पेॊௌ௮಼૩भଆૃੁ॑ਘ৲घॊञीؚਃ༊॑ඒநऽञमଖघॊपৌखَؚਃ༊पঢ়घॊ૫ ਙಉ॑जभਃ༊भඒநऽञमଖ॑ਭऐॊৼু্হपৢੴघॊऒधُ॑ৡଝਜ৲घॊधधुपقਫௌ௮৸ୋে ૠಋਸ਼भ؛ਰৣَਫୋಋُधःअؚكजभৢੴ॑യਤघॊञीभଉقਃ༊ඒநಉऋষअਃ༊पঢ়घॊ૫ ਙಉभৢੴभയਤपঢ়घॊଉਁ॑كखऽखञ؛ ਫୋಋधଉमؚਛফڰাڭऊैষి؞৷औोऽघ؛হभऔऽपमؚऒोैपेॉిؚજऩৢੴप ीॊेअउൢःखऽघ؛ 䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾ᙧ≧䛺䛹 㗦䛺ゅ䚸ᣳ䜎䜜㒊䚸㝽㛫䚸ฟຊ䛾ไ㝈䚸㜵⇿ᵓ㐀 ⾲♧ჾ䜢㐺ษ䛺⨨䛻䚹㐺ษ䛺䛝䛥䛾ᩥᏐ ᧯స䝪䝍䞁䜢㐺ษ䛺⨨䛻䚹㐺ษ䛺䛝䛥 ࿘㎶ᶵჾ䛸䛾㓄⨨䠄㛫㝸䠄㝽㛫䠅䚸㏥㑊㊥㞳䠅䚸 ㉳ື㜵Ṇ సᴗ᪉ἲ䛾ぢ┤䛧 ਃ༊಼૩भଆૃभञीَؚଋজ५ॡੲਾُभ॑ Ὁμі໎ܹỆấẬỦኖᾀᵍᾃầೞ໎ܹ Ὁരʧ໎ܹở៲˳ỆᨦܹầസỦ໎ܹờٶẟ 䠄䠂䠅 50 50000 40 40000 30 30000 20 20000 10 10000 0 ᰙእ䛛䜙䛾ᩍ♧ ⏝ཎᩱ䠄⸆䠅䛾ぢ┤䛧 0 H12 H14 H16 H18 H20 H22 ᶵᲔ⅏ᐖ ⅏ᐖ䛻 ᑐ䛩䜛ᶵ Ე⅏ᐖ䛾 ྜ 䠄௳ᩘ䠅 ᵏᵕ࠰ ᵐᵐ࠰ ㈨ᩱฟᡤ䠖ཌ⏕ປാ┬ປാᏳ⾨⏕ᇶᮏㄪᰝ䠄䠤㻞㻟㻚㻥㻚㻝䠅 ଋজ५ॡੲਾभയਤآ 7 2015/10/27 䛺つ᱁䛸䛭䛾య⣔䠄᪥䛿ᴫせ䛾䜏䠅 ᡃ䛜ᅜ䛾䜒䛾䛵䛟䜚䛾⌧≧ Guide51 IEC • • • • • ᅜෆᕷሙ䛾⦰ᑠ䚸⏕䛝ṧ䜚䛾䛯䜑ᾏእᒎ㛤 ᾏእᒎ㛤䠄䠍䠅䞉䞉䞉ᾏእ䜈䛾㈍䚸ᾏእ䛾㢳ᐈ ᾏእᒎ㛤䠄䠎䠅䞉䞉䞉ᾏእ䛾⏕⏘ᣐⅬ 䜾䝻䞊䝞䝹䛺Ᏻ䜢▱䜙䛺䛔䛸䚸ྲྀ䜚 ᅜෆἲ௧䛰䛡䜢ぢ䛶䛔䜛௦䛷䛿䛺䛔 ᇶᮏつ᱁ IEC60204(㟁ẼᏳ䠅 IEC61508(ไᚚᏳ䠅 䜋䛛 2013 2014 2015 䜺䞊䝗䛾つ᱁ Ᏻ⨨䛾つ᱁ 䛺䛹 䜾䝹䞊䝥つ᱁ IEC 60335 IEC 60950 䜋䛛 ᅜෆእ䛾ᶵᲔᏳᑐ⟇ 1990 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2011 ISO ISO12100(䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖 䛸䝸䝇䜽పῶ䠅 ⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾つ᱁ 䝃䞊䝡䝇䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾つ᱁ 䝥䝺䝇䛾つ᱁ ᘓタᶵᲔ䛾つ᱁ 䛺䛹 ಶูつ᱁ ປാᏳ⾨⏕つ๎➨36᮲➨31,32ྕࠊ➨150᮲ࡢ3,150᮲ࡢ4,150᮲ࡢ5ࠊ151᮲ Ᏻᇶ‽㛵ࡍࡿᢏ⾡ୖࡢᣦ㔪(1983) ISO/IEC Guide51 ISO/DIS12100-1,2 ᶵᲔ䛾ໟᣓⓗ䛺Ᏻᇶ‽䛻㛵䛩䜛ᣦ㔪 ISO12100-1,2 Ᏻ⾨ἲ28᮲䛾2 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖 ໟᣓᣦ㔪ᨵṇ Ᏻ⾨๎24᮲䛾13 ༴㝤ሗ䛾㏻▱ 䝥䝺䝇Ᏻ⨨ᵓ㐀つ᱁➼䛾ᨵṇ Ᏻ⾨๎107᮲ ㄪᩚ䛾Ṇ 㣗ရᶵᲔᑐ⟇ ᶵᲔタィ⪅䚸⏕⏘ᢏ⾡⟶⌮⪅䛾ᩍ⫱䛾㏻㐩 㕲㗰ᴗ䛾㠀ᐃᖖసᴗ䜺䜲䝗䝷䜲䞁ᨵṇ ISO10218 ⏘ᴗ⏝࣐ࢽࣆ࣮ࣗࣞࢸࣥࢢࣟ࣎ࢵࢺ−Ᏻᛶ(1992) ISO13849-1 ISO13850 ISO13851 IEC61496-1,2,3 IEC61508 ISO11161 ISO12100-1 ISO14121 IEC60204-1 ISO8373 ᨵ ゞ స ᴗ JIS B8433㸦⩻ヂつ᱁,1993㸧 ANSI/RIA R15.06(1999) EN775 㻵㻵㻿㻻㻝㻜㻞㻝㻤㻙㻝䠖㻞㻜㻜㻢 JIS B8433 B8433-1:2007 1 ISO10218㺎1:2011(Robots and robotic devices - Safety requirements - Robots) ISO10218㺎2:2011(Robots and robotic devices - Safety requirements - Robot system and Integration) JIS B8433-1,2 31 2015 ᅗ ⏘ᴗ⏝ ⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾Ᏻつ᱁ไᐃ䛾ὶ䜜 䝪 䝖 8 2015/10/27 ᪂䛯䛺ㄢ㢟䞉䞉䞉䞉༠ാ㐠㌿ • ே㛫䛸䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾ྛ䚻䛾సᴗ㡿ᇦ䜢ඹ᭷䛧䚸䛸䛝䛻≀⌮ ⓗ᥋ゐ䜢క䛔䛺䛜䜙⾜䛖సᴗ • 䝝䞁䝗䜺䜲䝗సᴗ䠖 䠍 䜾䝷䜲䞁䝎䜢ᢕᣢ䛩䜛䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾ᡭ㤳㒊䜢సᴗ⪅䛜ᣢ䛱䛺 䛜䜙◊๐䛺䜙䛔సᴗ䚹 䠎 㔜㔞≀ᦙ㏦⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾䜰䞊䝮䜢ㄏᑟ • ㏿ᗘཬ䜃㝸㞳䛾┘ど 䝻䝪䝑䝖䛿Ỵ䜑䜙䜜䛯㏿ᗘཬ䜃సᴗ⪅䛸䛾㛫㝸䜢ಖ䛴 • ᮏ㉁ⓗタィ䜎䛯䛿ไᚚ䛻䜘䜛ືຊཬ䜃ຊไ㝈 㐠㌿୰䞉䞉䞉䞉➨150᮲䛾4 (ᴫ␎䠅 ⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛻᥋ゐ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚ປാ⪅䛻 ༴㝤䛜⏕䛪䜛䛚䛭䜜䛜䛒䜛䛸䛝䛿䚸䛥䛟ཪ䛿ᅖ 䛔䜢タ䛡䜛➼༴㝤䜢㜵Ṇ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻ᚲせ䛺ᥐ ⨨䜢ㅮ䛨䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䚹 ͤᰙ䛷䛺䛟䛶䜒䜘䛔䛜䚸䛱䜓䜣䛸䛧䛯ಖㆤ᪉⟇䛷 䛺䛡䜜䜀䚸Ṛ䛻┤⤖ э ᅜ㝿Ᏻつ᱁ ༢⣧䛻ᰙせ䛷䛿䛺䛔䠄䝻䝪䝑䝖㡿ᇦ䛾☜ಖ䠅 䜔䜛䜉䛝䛣䛸䛿䞉䞉䞉 ᖹᡂ25ᖺ12᭶ᇶⓎ1224➨2ྕ㏻㐩䛾䝫䜲䞁䝖䠄䠍䠅 • ༴㝤䜢㜵Ṇ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻ᚲせ䛺ᥐ⨨ • 䛥䛟䜔ᅖ䛔䛿䚸ᡭẁ䛾䠍䛴 䠄䛣䜜䛻㝈䜙䛺䛔䠅 䠄䛘䜀䠅 • ISO10218-1䚸ISO10218-2 䛻䜘䜚タィ䚸〇㐀䚸 タ⨨䛥䜜䛯䝻䝪䝑䝖䜢䚸䛭䛾⏝᮲௳䛻ᇶ䛵 䛝⏝䛩䜛 • ᢏ⾡䝣䜯䜲䝹ཬ䜃㐺ྜᐉゝ᭩䜢సᡂ䛩䜛 • ྍື⠊ᅖෆ䛻ປാ⪅䛜᥋㏆䛧䛯䛣䛸䜢᳨▱䛧䚸 ᳨▱ᚋ┤䛱䛻䝻䝪䝑䝖䜢Ṇ䛥䛫䚸㉳ື䛾 ᧯స䜢䛧䛺䛡䜜䜀䝻䝪䝑䝖䛜సື䛧䛺䛔ᶵ⬟ 䜢᭷䛩䜛Ᏻ⨨ 䠇ᖹᡂ25ᖺ12᭶䛾ཌປ┬㏻㐩䛾ᥐ⨨ э 䠡䠱䛷ồ䜑䜙䜜䜛䜒䛾䛸ᇶᮏⓗ䛻ྠ䛨 • ཌປ┬䛛䜙䝟䞁䝣䝺䝑䝖䠄䛬䜂ᚚ୍ㄞ䜢䟿䠅 ཌປ┬䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆䛛䜙䝎䜴䞁䝻䞊䝗ྍ⬟ 9 2015/10/27 ᢏ⾡䝣䜯䜲䝹䛾ෆᐜ 䐟 ᶵᲔ䛾యⓗㄝ᫂ 䐠 ᶵᲔ䛾యᅗ䚸ไᚚᅇ㊰䛾ᅗ㠃ཬ䜃㐠㌿䛾⌮ゎ䛻ᚲせ䛺㛵㐃䛩 䜛グ㏙䛸ㄝ᫂ 䐡 ᶵᲔ䛜ᮏ㉁ⓗ䛺Ᏻཬ䜃ᗣ䛾せ௳䛻㐺ྜ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛾☜ㄆ 䛻ᚲせ䛺䚸䛺ヲ⣽ᅗ㠃䚸㝶䛩䜛ィ⟬᭩䚸ヨ㦂⤖ᯝ䚸ド᫂᭩ ➼ 䐢 ௨ୗ䛾ෆᐜ䜢ྵ䜐䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖䜢ᐇ䛧䛯ᡭ㡰䜢♧䛩ᩥ᭩ 㐺ྜᐉゝ᭩䛾ෆᐜ 䐟 〇㐀⪅䛾ྡ⛠䚸ఫᡤཬ䜃ṇᘧ䛺௦⾲⪅䛾Ặྡ 䐣 ⏝䛧䛯つ᱁ཬ䜃䛾ᢏ⾡ᵝ᭩䚸䜎䛯䚸䛭䜜䜙䛾つ᱁➼䛻ྵ䜎 䜜䜛ᮏ㉁ⓗ䛺Ᏻཬ䜃ᗣ䛾せ௳䛾ㄝ᫂ 䐤 〇㐀⪅ཪ䛿〇㐀⪅ⱝ䛧䛟䛿ṇᘧ䛺௦⾲⪅䛻䜘䜚㑅ᐃ䛥䜜䛯ᶵ㛵䛻 䜘䛳䛶ᐇ䛥䜜䛯ヨ㦂䛾⤖ᯝ䜢♧䛩ᢏ⾡ሗ࿌᭩ 䐥 ᶵᲔ䛾ྲྀᢅㄝ᫂᭩䛾䛧 䐦 ヱᙜ䛩䜛ሙྜ䛿䚸⤌䜏㎸䜎䜜䛯㒊ศᡂᶵᲔ䛾⤌㎸ᐉゝ᭩ཬ䜃 ᙜヱ㒊ศᡂᶵᲔ䛻㛵䛩䜛⤌❧ㄝ᫂᭩ 䐠 ᢏ⾡䝣䜯䜲䝹䜢⦅䛥䜣䛩䜛ᶒ㝈䜢䛥䜜䛯⪅䛾ྡ⛠ཬ 䜃ᡤᅾᆅ 䐡 ⥲⛠䛸䛧䛶䛾⾲♧ྡ䚸ᶵ⬟䚸䝰䝕䝹䚸ᆺᘧ䚸〇㐀␒ྕ䚸ၟ ရྡ䜢ྵ䜐ᶵᲔ䛾ㄝ᫂ཬ䜃㆑ู᪉ἲ 䐢 ᶵᲔ䛜䚸㐺ྜᛶ䜢ᐉゝ䛧䜘䛖䛸䛩䜛Ᏻつ᱁䛾䛶䛾㛵 㐃つᐃ䜢‶䛯䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䜢᫂ⓑ䛻ᐉゝ䛩䜛ᩥ᭩ 䐣 ヱᙜ䛩䜛ሙྜ䚸䛭䛾⏝䛥䜜䛯ᢏ⾡つ᱁ཬ䜃ᢏ⾡ ᵝ᭩䛾ཧ↷ 䐤 㐺ྜᐉゝ䜢ᐇ䛧䛯ሙᡤཬ䜃᪥ 䐥 〇㐀⪅ཪ䛿䛭䛾ṇᙜ䛺௦⾲⪅䛾௦⌮䛸䛧䛶㐺ྜᐉゝ᭩ 䜢సᡂ䛧䛯⪅ཬ䜃⨫ྡ ISO10218-1䛾Ᏻせồ㡯䛾 ISO10218-2 a. b. ᶵᲔ䛻㐺⏝䛥䜜䜛ᮏ㉁ⓗ䛺Ᏻཬ䜃ᗣ䛾せ௳䝸䝇䝖 ྠᐃ䛥䜜䛯༴㝤ᛶཪ䛿᭷ᐖᛶ䛾㝖ཤཪ䛿䝸䝇䜽పῶ䛾䛯䜑䛻ᐇ䛥䜜 䛯ಖㆤ᪉⟇䛾ㄝ᫂ཬ䜃ヱᙜ䛩䜛ሙྜ䛿䚸ᶵᲔ䛻㛵㐃䛩䜛ṧ␃䝸䝇䜽䛾 ᫂♧ 㐺⏝ 䝻䝪䝑䝖༢య(㠀⏘ᴗ⏝㏵䛿㐺⏝እ䠅 ே㛫ᕤᏛཎ ๎ ㆙ሗᡭẁ䚸䝬䞊䜻䞁䜾䚸ᣦ♧᭩➼䛿Part2䛻ᇶ䛵䛝䝬䝙䝳䜰䝹䛻䛿ᚲ せ㡯䜢⥙⨶䛩䜛䚹 䝨䞁䝎䞁䝖䛻䛿3⨨䜲䝛䞊䝤䝹⨨䜢⏝䛔䜛 Ᏻ㛵㐃ᅇ ㊰䝅䝇䝔䝮 ᶆ‽䛸䛧䛶PL=d 䜎䛯䛿 SIL2 Ṇᶵ⬟ 1䛴௨ୖ䛾SIL2䛾ಖㆤṆᅇ㊰䜢⏝䛔䚸Ṇ䜹䝔䝂䝸䠌䜎䛯䛿䠍䜢ᐃ 䜑䜛䚹 Ṇ䜹䝔䝂䝸䠎䛿Ṇ≧ែ䛾┘ど䠄PL=d䜎䛯䛿SIL2䠅䛷ྍ⬟ 㠀ᖖṆᅇ㊰䛿ಖㆤṆᅇ㊰䛸ྠ➼䛾Ᏻᛶ⬟䜢᭷䛧Ṇ䜹䝔䝂䝸 䠌䜎䛯䛿䠍 㐠㌿㏿ᗘ ప㏿㐠㌿㏿ᗘไᚚ TCP䛻䛚䛔䛶250mm/s䜢㉸䛘䛺䛔 ㍈ไ㝈 ᇶᮏ3㍈䛻䛿ㄪᩚᘧ㍈ไ㝈⨨䜢タ䛡䜛 ༠ാ㐠㌿ ༠ാ㐠㌿⏝䛻タィ䛥䜜䛯䜒䛾 䝝䞁䝗䜺䜲䝗䛿䚸Ṇ≧ែ䚸ຊฟຊ䚸㏿ᗘ(ே䛸䛾㊥㞳䠅䛾䛔䛪䜜䛛 䜢PL=d䜎䛯䛿SIL2䛷┘ど ຊไ㝈䛾್䛿䚸TS15066䛷ᑂ㆟୰ • ⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛸࿘㎶ᶵჾ䛾⤫ྜ • ⤫ྜ䝅䝇䝔䝮䛻䛚䛡䜛Ᏻせồ㡯 ISO10218-1䛸ISO10218-2䛾ᇶᮏⓗ䛺⪃䛘᪉ • ୖつ᱁䠄ISO12100䛺䛹䠅䛻‽ᣐ • 䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾ഃ䛷ᚭᗏ䛧䛶Ᏻ䜢☜ಖ • ᶵ⬟Ᏻ䜢᥇䜚ධ䜜 10 2015/10/27 ᖹᡂ25ᖺ12᭶ᇶⓎ1224➨2ྕ㏻㐩䛾䝫䜲䞁䝖䠄䠎䠅 ␃ព㡯 • 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖䛻䜘䜚༴㝤䛾䛚䛭䜜䛜↓䛟䛺䛳䛯 䛸ホ౯䛷䛝䜛䛸䛝䛿䚸༠ാసᴗ䛜ྍ⬟䚹 • ௨ୗ䛻␃ព䛩䜛䛣䛸 • 䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖䛿䚸䝸䝇䜽䜰䝉䝇䝯䞁䝖ᣦ㔪(ᖹ ᡂ18ᖺ3᭶䛂༴㝤ᛶཪ䛿᭷ᐖᛶ➼䛾ㄪᰝ➼䛻 㛵䛩䜛ᣦ㔪䛃䠅䛻ᇶ䛵䛝ᐇ䚹 – ⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍➼䛾ຊཬ䜃㐠ື䜶 䝛䝹䜼 – ⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍➼䛸࿘㎶ᵓ㐀≀䛻 ᣊ᮰䛥䜜䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ – 䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍➼䛾ᙧ≧䜔సᴗ䛾≧ἣ䠄✺㉳䛾䛒 䜛䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍➼䛜║䛻⃭✺䛩䜛䛚䛭䜜䛜䛒䜛 ሙྜ䚸䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍➼䛾୍㒊䛜㗦䛷䛒䜛ሙྜ䚸 㛵⠇䛾䛒䜛⏘ᴗ⏝䝻䝪䝑䝖䛾䝬䝙䝥䝺䞊䝍㛫䛻䛿 䛥䜎䜜䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜䛒䜛ሙྜ䛺䛹 • ຊཬ䜃㐠ື䜶䝛䝹䜼䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠰䠯䠍䠑䠌䠒䠒䛜 ཧ⪃䠄TS䛿ᅜ㝿༠㆟୰䠅 • 䛿䛥䜎䜜➼䛾༴㝤䜈䛾᪉⟇䞉 ᭱᥋㏆㊥㞳䠖500䡉䡉௨ୖ䚸ཪ䛿ேయ䛜䝬䝙䝥 䝺䞊䝍➼䛸࿘㎶ᵓ㐀≀䛾㛫䛻ᣊ᮰䛥䜜䛯ሙྜ䚸 㥑ື⏝ືຊ䛺䛧䛷ேຊ䛷㛤ᨺ䛷䛝䜛 11
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