英語問題

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ウ
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エ
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４．試験終了後，問題冊子は持ち帰りなさい。
!
（Ea ）
次の文を読んで，問いに答えなさい。
著作権者の許諾を得られていないため、
掲載していません。
― １ ―
（Ea
）
著作権者の許諾を得られていないため、
掲載していません。
― ２ ―
（Ea
）
著作権者の許諾を得られていないため、
掲載していません。
(Adapted from a work by Susan J. Matt)
（注）
１．mobility
社会的流動性，動きやすさ
２．immigrant
移民
３．displaced
故郷を離れた，住むところがなくなった
４．homesickness
ホームシック
５．illusion
錯覚
６．pay off a mortgage
住宅ローンを完済する
７．withstand
∼に耐える
８．long-distance calling
長距離電話
９．immediacy
即時性
― ３ ―
（Ea
）
& ∼ ) それぞれの答えとして，本文にし
たがってもっとも適当なものを " ∼ % から一つ選び，その番号を解答欄に
〔１〕本文の意味，内容にかかわる問い
マークしなさい。
&
Why is it rare for immigrants to talk about homesickness?
"
#
$
%
They rarely meet other people from the same country.
People who want to live abroad, but cannot, may envy them.
Families and friends are too busy to listen to their problems.
It is thought to be an obstacle to being successful in a foreign
country.
'
Why did Ricardo Valencia return to Mexico in 2009?
"
#
$
%
He missed his family too much.
He was asked to return to his family.
He had to pay off a mortgage on a house.
He thought he had saved enough money after working for four
years.
(
)
What made life in the United States more difficult for Carmen?
"
#
$
%
Eating large meals too often.
Frequent international phone calls.
Hearing no news about her family.
Not being able to answer questions from her family.
Which difficult aspect of living abroad tends to be overlooked?
"
#
$
%
The high financial costs.
A lack of language skills.
The high emotional costs.
A lack of opportunities and profit for recent immigrants.
― ４ ―
!
（Ea ）
〔２〕次の
" ∼ & の文の中で，本文の内容と一致するものには１の番号を，一致
しないものには２の番号を，また本文の内容からだけではどちらとも判断しか
ねるものには３の番号を解答欄にマークしなさい。
"
#
$
%
&
Homesickness has only become a problem in modern times.
Technology in the 20th century solved the problem of homesickness.
Immigrants in America now have more regular contact with their
families in their own countries.
Ricardo Valencia will return to the United States with his family.
A majority of immigrants to America eventually return home to
their own countries.
〔３〕本文の内容をもっともよく表しているものを
" ∼ & から一つ選び，その番
号を解答欄にマークしなさい。
"
#
$
%
&
Homesickness has a long history
Technology solves immigrants’ problems
People have different experiences when living abroad
Living abroad is more difficult than we tend to think
Poverty is a problem which can be solved by immigration
― ５ ―
!
（Ea ）
（このページは空白）
― ６ ―
!
（Ea ）
"
次の文を読んで，問いに答えなさい。
A group of scientists say that they have identified the brain’s music
pleasure zone. Scientists know that music can give intense pleasure by
delivering chemical rewards in the brain that are
#
to the joy of
eating good food or winning a football match. But now they think they
may have identified the part of the brain where this pleasure starts.
１
Researchers scanned the brains of volunteers while they listened to new
songs and asked how much money they would spend on each of them.
They found that the most popular songs
would
pay
more
for
were
also
the
those which people said they
ones
that
$
the
strongest
２
response in the nucleus accumbens, a structure in the centre of the brain
that is involved in processing rewards.
“This area is important because it is involved in forming expectations,
!
and
these
are
expectations
that
could
be
rewarding,”
said
Valorie
Salimpoor of McGill University in Montreal, Canada. “What makes music
so emotionally
%
is the creation of expectation. Activity in the nucleus
accumbens normally would indicate that something is meeting a person’s
expectations or is even better than their expectations.”
In the
&
, which has been published in a major scientific journal,
Salimpoor and her colleagues scanned the brains of 20 people who listened
to 30-second clips of songs they had never heard before but were of a type
they generally liked. “
'
just asking them if they liked the music or
not, we gave them a chance to buy the music because that gives us a
good
understanding
of
what
they
really
like
and
want,”
she
said.
“Immediately after they heard each clip, they made a decision. They could
spend zero dollars, $1, $1.29 or $2.” The brain scans showed a direct
relationship between how strong a response someone had in their nucleus
accumbens to a song and how much they were willing to pay for it. The
"
― ７ ―
!
（Ea ）
stronger the response in the brain was, the more money that was spent.
The nucleus accumbens was not acting alone, however. Salimpoor also
found that it was
"
information from a different part of the brain
３
called the superior temporal gyrus. “This part of the brain is the part that
has stored all the memories of the music we’ve heard in the past and will
be unique for each individual,” she said. “The way that we like music is
100% unique to who we are and what we’ve heard in the past.”
These results help us to understand an earlier study by Salimpoor,
which found that the experience of pleasure when listening to music was
４
connected to the release of the brain’s reward chemical, dopamine. And
!
this is what causes humans to feel pleasure. A further discovery, according
to Salimpoor, was that music seemed to affect the system in the brain
５
that motivates humans to do things. This suggested that listening to
music is like any other fun
#
; we feel pleasure as a result of doing
it. Another way of thinking about this is that we reward ourselves for
listening to music we like. This is important because it suggests humans
listen to music to be rewarded.
Professor Sophie Scott, a scientist at University College London,
$
that Salimpoor’s results are interesting but do not explain everything
about why we enjoy listening to music. “It is clearly the case that you get
rewards for the music you like, but I don’t think we listen to music in
any one way. We listen to music in the same way we read books or read
poetry or engage with other sorts of art,” she said. “One of the reasons
why they are things we like is because we can engage with
multiple ways
"
them in
you could be enjoying music because of the rhythm or
because of the way the singer is singing. There’s so much going on.”
６
Reward was only a snapshot of one particular brain system and its
involvement in music, Scott said.
“But
don’t
think
it’s
telling
you
everything about how your brain engages with music.”
(Adapted from a work by Alok Jha)
― ８ ―
!
（Ea ）
（注）
１．scan
２．nucleus accumbens
（脳の）断層写真を撮る
側坐核（前脳にある神経細胞の集団）
３．superior temporal gyrus 上側頭回（脳の側頭葉にある脳回のひとつ）
４．dopamine
ドーパミン（神経伝達物質）
５．motivate
∼を刺激する
６．snapshot
断片，一面
― ９ ―
!
（Ea ）
〔１〕本文の
&
∼
-
それぞれに入れるのにもっとも適当なものを
" ∼ % から一つ選び，その番号を解答欄にマークしなさい。
& "
$
' "
$
( "
$
) "
$
* "
$
+ "
$
, "
$
- "
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accustomed
opposed
contacted
pressured
conservative
reluctant
operation
programme
In defense of
In the case of
blocking
ignoring
activity
journey
cautioned
denied
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
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%
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%
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%
equal
unique
excluded
produced
powerful
shallow
performance
study
In spite of
Instead of
establishing
using
discovery
system
demanded
shouted
― １０ ―
!
（Ea ）
あ∼⃝
えそれぞれの意味または内容として，もっとも適当なものを
〔２〕下線部 ⃝
! ∼ $ から一つ選び，その番号を解答欄にマークしなさい。
!
"
#
$
this area
!
"
#
$
the part of the brain connected to rewards
the region where emotional music is created
the area of research into what gives people pleasure
the left section of the brain which delivers chemicals
they
!
"
#
$
the scientists working in a hospital
the musicians buying new instruments
the people taking part in an experiment
the volunteers testing Internet music websites
this
!
"
#
$
strong motivation
listening to music
another discovery made by Salimpoor
the release of a chemical in the brain
them
!
"
#
$
different art forms
different musical styles
different research studies
different parts of the brain
― １１ ―
!
（Ea ）
（このページは空白）
― １２ ―
!
（Ea ）
"
' ∼ ) はＡ・Ｂ二人の対話である。それぞれの（）に入れるのに
もっとも適当な表現を # ∼ & から一つ選び，その番号を解答欄にマークしな
〔１〕次の
さい。
'
Ａ： Excuse me, do you know if there’s a bookstore near here?
Ｂ： Sure, you’ll find one inside the shopping center.
Ａ：（
）
Ｂ： No problem.
#
$
%
&
(
I see, that’s too bad.
Well, thanks for trying.
Great. You’ve been very helpful.
That’s okay. Thank you anyway.
Ａ： Your new hairstyle looks great.
Ｂ： You like it?
Ａ： Yes.（
）
Ｂ： Thank you. That makes me so happy.
#
$
%
&
It really suits you.
I got my hair cut last week.
But is it suitable for winter?
What made you decide to do it?
― １３ ―
!
（Ea ）
&
Ａ： Hello?
Ｂ：（
）
Ａ： No, Mr. Johnson. This is Mari. Mom’s still at work.
Ｂ： I did it again, didn’t I? Anyway, please tell your mother I called.
"
#
$
%
Who’s there?
Hello, Tomoko?
Is that you, Mari?
May I speak to your grandmother?
― １４ ―
!
（Ea ）
あ∼⃝
えそれぞれの空所に入れるのにもっとも適当な表現を
〔２〕次の会話の ⃝
! ∼ * から一つ選び，その番号を解答欄にマークしなさい。
In a post office
Ａ： I want to pick up a letter. Here’s the notice of non-delivery.
Ｂ： Thank you.（
!
）
Ａ： That would be great.
Ｂ： Here it is. Can you confirm your name and address?
Ａ：（
"
）
Ｂ： I’m sorry, but only passports or driving licenses are acceptable.
Ａ： Unfortunately, I didn’t bring either of those things with me.
Ｂ： I’m sorry.（
#
）
Ａ： Oh, I see. In that case I’ll come back again tomorrow.（
$
）
Ｂ： 5:30 p.m. every day except Sunday, when it’s 1:00 p.m.
!
"
#
$
%
&
'
(
)
*
Is it this one?
When do you close?
Will my library card do?
Will you register it for me?
I’ll just go and check for you.
When are your opening hours?
Yes, I want to send a letter overseas.
Without proof I’ll have to keep your passport.
Unfortunately, this office is closed at the moment.
I can’t give you the letter without proof of who you are.
― １５ ―
!
（Ea ）
（このページは空白）
― １６ ―
!
（Ea ）
"
' ∼ * それぞれの文を完成させるのに，下線部の語法としてもっとも
適当なものを # ∼ & から一つ選び，その番号を解答欄にマークしなさい。
〔１〕次の
'
I heard Keiko quit her job for personal reasons. It’s going to be
difficult for her to find
#
%
(
job.
another
the other
Knowing
several
helpful
international company in the future.
#
%
)
*
language are
languages are
When she
#
%
has reviewed
reviewed
Can you help me
#
%
look
to be looked
$
&
if
$
&
others
the others
you
want
to
work
for
an
language is
languages is
her essays, she found mistakes.
$
&
is reviewing
reviews
for my office key? I can’t find it anywhere.
$
&
looking
to have looked
― １７ ―
!
（Ea ）
〔２〕次の
" ∼ % それぞれの文における下線部１∼４のうち，語法の誤りがある
ものを一つ選び，その番号を解答欄にマークしなさい。
"
He took notes during the classroom so that he could check them
１
２
３
４
before the final examination.
#
There are much old pieces of equipment in the factory outside of town.
$
I liked everything about the new novel and thought that it must not
１
２
３
１
４
２
３
have been any better.
４
%
If you often travel to other countries, meals may be a problem unless
１
２
３
you are used to eat different types of food.
４
― １８ ―
!
（Ea ）
"
次の
# ∼ ( それぞれの日本文と同じ意味になるように（
く並べかえ，
（
）内の語句を正し
）内で３番目と６番目にくるものの番号を解答欄にマークしな
さい。
#
祖父の話が現在のプロジェクトへの興味につながったと彼女は言っている。
She
says
her （１
５ interested
$
６ story
２
grandfather’s
７
the）current project.
３
her
in
４
３
０ドル以上の購入につき，期間限定で景品が付いてきます。
A gift will（１ be
６ thirty
%
got
２ every
３ included
４ of
５ purchase
７ with）dollars or more for a limited period of time.
調査結果の一つとして，多くの生徒には問題解決能力が欠けているということ
がわかった。
One result the survey（１ are
５ showed
&
６
that
２ is
３ lacking
４ many students
７ the fact）in problem-solving skills.
温暖な気候のおかげで，カリフォルニアは果物と野菜の栽培で利を得ている。
Because of the mild climate,（１ advantage
４
cultivation
５
has
in
６
２ an
７
３ California
the ） of
fruits
and
vegetables.
'
私たちが学園祭でいっしょに歌を歌ったのは昨日のことのようだ。
It（１
at
６ when
(
２
７
like
３
sang
together
４
seems
５
we
yesterday）our school festival.
その子供は電車でバランスを崩さないように母親の手をつかんだ。
The child（１
５ not
held
２
her
６ on to
７
to lose）her balance on the train.
３
in order
４
mother’s hand
― １９ ―
!
（Ea ）
（このページは空白）
― ２０ ―
!
（Ea ）
"
' ∼ - それぞれの文を完成させるのに，下線部に入れる語としてもっとも
適当なものを # ∼ & から一つ選び，その番号を解答欄にマークしなさい。
次の
'
of success, you’ll learn a lot by taking
Although there is no
part.
#
%
(
)
$
&
guarantee
property
I added all of my favorite
#
%
$
&
contracts
protests
,
ingredients
surfaces
I got an e-mail message from my teacher
#
%
+
schedule
to the soup.
with him as soon as possible.
*
knowledge
brushing
filing
The beef was so
#
%
dark
intense
$
&
composing
urging
that I could not cut it with my knife.
$
&
flat
tough
The woman checked if there were any seats
#
%
available
offensive
Do you have any
will need for this job?
#
%
adjacent
prone
me to get in touch
$
&
on the flight.
frequent
successful
qualifications that relate to the skills you
$
&
piercing
vocational
―２
１―
!
（Ea ）
&
A leader must have a
manner.
"
$
brace
knack
for saying the right thing in a timely
#
%
guardian
predicament
― ２２ ―
!
（Ea ）

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