Review
C-Si-Mn ⣔㉸㧗ᙉᗘపྜ㔠 TRIP 㗰ࡢ
㐜ࢀ◚ቯ≉ᛶཬࡰࡍȚR ≉ᛶࡢᙳ㡪
ᲄᬛᙪ T. Hojo
ɤ
ಶᖺҜືతࡢ࢚*Ᏻᛶతయఽฎࡼࡿ⇞ྥ
ୖࢆ┠ⓗࣆ࣮ࣛᆞࡸ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ᆞࢩ࣮ࢺࣇ࣮࣒ࣞࡣ
590ᝬ980MPa ǝࡢᙉᗘᯈࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡋࡋ
ᑗ᮶ⓗࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢൺᮦࡣ 980MPa ୨ǝࡢ୨ᙉᗘ
ᯈࡢ പ⏝ࡀண ࡉ ࢀ980MPa ୨ǝ࠾࠸࡚ࡶඃࢀ ࡓ ࣉ
ࣞࢫᡂᙧᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ୨ᙉᗘᯈࡢ࿔Ⓨࡀोồࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿ
ṧ␃࣮࢜ࢫࢸࢼࢺȚ R ࡢኚែୣረᛶTRIP1
ࢆ᭷ຠ⏝ࡋࡓపྜฐ TRIP ࡣᴟࡵ࡚ඃࢀࡓࣉࣞࢫ
ᡂᙧᛶ 2 3 4 5 6 7 ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇࡢపྜฐ TRIP
ࡋ࡚ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ẕ┦Ǽʺࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ࣏ࣜࢦࢼࣝࣇ࢙
ࣛࢺ࣋ࢽࢸࢵࢡࣇ࢙ࣛࢺ࠾ࡼࡧ↝࣐ࣝࢸࣥ
ࢧࢺࡋࡓ TRIP ᆺࣽྜǼʺTDP 2 3 TRIP
ᆺ ࣋ ࢽ ࢸ ࢵ ࢡ ࣇ ࢙ ࣛ ࢺ TBF 4 5 ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ
TRIP ᆺ↝࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺTAM 6 7 ࡀ࿔ Ⓨ ࡉ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ980MPa ୨ǝࡢᘬᙇᙉࡉࡣ TBF ࡛ࡢࡳᮇ
ᚅࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞୨ᙉᗘúᅖ࡛ࡣഌࢀ◚ቯࡢ
Ⓨ⏕ 8 9 10 11 12 ࡀᠱᛕࡉࢀTBF ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶഌ
ࢀ◚ቯ≉ᛶࢆਚᰝࡍࡿᚲोࡀ࠶ࡿ ࡽ͵؝11 ࡣࡉࡁ
పࡦࡎࡳ೯ᗘᘬᙇቲἲࡦࡎࡳ೯ᗘ 1.110 -5 /s࠾ࡼ
ࡧ୍ᐃ ֤ฌἲ ࡼࡗ࡚ 0.4%C-TBF ࡢỈǢД≉ ᛶ ࠾
ࡼࡧഌࢀ◚ቯ≉ᛶࢆਚᰝࡋTBF ࡣỈǢ྾ڦᚋࡶࡁ
࡞ఙࡧ࠸ഌࢀ◚ቯᙉᗘࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࠾ࡼࡧࡇࢀࡣ
Ț R ࡀ ከࡃ ࡢ ỈǢ ࢆࢺࣛࢵࣉࡋᪧ Țſ⏺ ࡛ࡢࡁ ࣓ ࡢ Ⓨ
⏕ᒎࢆᢚไࡋࡓࡇୣᅉࡋࡓࡓࡵሗ࿌ࡋࡓTBF
ࡢഌࢀ◚ቯ≉ᛶࡣȚ R ≉ᛶࡁࡃᙳᅚࡉࢀࡿࡀTBF
(b)
(a)
1200Υ 30t
3600s
20t
ᐇቲ᪉ἲ
౪ ࡣ 0.20C-1.50Si-1.50Mn-0.015P-0.0024S
-0.039Almass%ࡢᏛǼᡂࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ෭ᘏࡲࡲᯈᯈ
ཌ 1.2 mmࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡇࢀࡽࡢᯈᅗ aࡢ᮲
௳࡛ཌࡉ 30 mm ࡢࢫࣛࣈࢆཌࡉ 3.2 mm ࡲ࡛⇕ᅽᘏᚋ
ᐊ ࡛ཌࡉ 1.2 mm ࡲ࡛෭ᅽᘏࢆࡋࡓḟ 900 Υ
ࡢሷᾎ୰࡛Țᇦ↝ᚋ250ᝬ350 Υ0ᝬ10000 s ࡢ࣮࢜
ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮ࢆࡋᅗ 1bTBF ࢆࣷࡋࡓ
ࡇࡇ࡛0 S Ⅼࡣᘧ1 13 ࡼࡾồࡵࡓ
0 S (Υ)=550-361(ᜓC)-39(%Mn)-0(%Si)
+30(%Al)
3.2t
600Υ
3600s
a Ȗ =3.5780+0.033C Ȗ +0.00095Mn Ȗ +0.005Al Ȗ +0.0220N Ț2
T A =250-350 o C
0-10000s
OQ
AC
3.2t
ᅗ
㸨ὠᒣᕤᴗ㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯࠉㅮᖌ
ὠᒣᕤᴗ¬ᑓ࿋Ꮫᰯ࣭ਫ਼ᖌ
1.2t
⇕ฎ⌮ɪᅗ
1
ࡇࡇ࡛ᜓCᜓMnᜓSiᜓAl ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢྜฐඖ
Ǣࡢῧຍฎmassᜓ࡛࠶ࡿ
Ț R ึᮇయ
⋡I Ț 0 ࡣ Mo-KȘɪࡼࡗ࡚ ᐃࡉ ࢀ
ࡓ200Ș
211Ș
200Ț
220Ț
311Ț
ᅇᢡჳࣆ࣮ࢡࡢ
ศᙉᗘࡼࡾওÜࡋࡓ 14 ࡲࡓȚ R ึ
ᮇⅣ Ǣ⃰ ᗘ &Ț0ࡣ Cu-KȘ ɪ ࡼࡗ ࡚ ᐃ ࡋࡓ
200Ț
220Ț
311Țࣆ࣮ࢡॵᗘࡽồࡵࡓ᱁
Ꮚᐃᩘ a Ț 10 -1 nmࢆᘧ2 15 ௦ ධ ࡋ ࡚ ồ ࡵ ࡓ
900Υ
1200s
10t
850Υ
100Υ/s
ࡢ ഌࢀ ◚ ቯ ≉ ᛶ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ Ț R ≉ ᛶ ࡢ ᙳ ᅚ ࢆ ਚᰝ ࡋ ࡓ ሗ
࿌ࡣ࡞࠸
ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊"࡛ࡣ0.2%C-1.5%Si-1.5%Mn ࡢᏛǼᡂ
ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿᯈȚᇦ↝࣮࢜ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮ ᗘ࠾ࡼ
ࡧ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮ࢆኚࡉࡏࡓ⇕ฎ⌮ࢆࡋ࡚
Ț R ≉ᛶࡢࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿ୨ᙉᗘ TBF ࢆసࣷࡋ୨
ᙉ ᗘ TBF ࡢ Ỉ Ǣ ྾ ≉ڦᛶ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧഌ ࢀ ◚ ቯ ≉ ᛶࢆ ਚ ᰝ
ࡋࡓࡲࡓࡇࢀࡽ≉ᛶฐᒓᏛⓗǼʺᅉᏊࡢಀࢆ
᳨খࡋࡓ
ࡓ ࡔ ࡋ Mn Ț Al Ț N Ț ࡣ Ț R ୰ ࡢ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ࡢඖ Ǣ⃰ ᗘ
mass%࡛࠶ࡿᮏ◊"࡛ࡣ౽ᐅୖῧຍฎࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ
ᘬᙇቲࡣᅽᘏ᪉ྥᖹࢌษࡾฟࡋࡓ JIS14B ྕ
ቲ∦ࢤ࣮ࢪ࿇ࡉ 15 mmᖜ 6 mmཌࡉ 1.2 mmࢆ
⏝࠸ቲ ᗘ 25 Υࢡࣟࢫ࣊ࢵࢻ೯ᗘ 1 mm/minࡦ
ࡎࡳ೯ᗘ 8.310 -4 /s࡛ቲࢆࢌࡗࡓ
ỈǢࢳ࣮ࣕࢪࡣ၌ᴟࢳ࣮ࣕࢪἲ၌ᴟᜨⓑฐ16 ࡼ
ࡾࢌࡗࡓࢳ࣮ࣕࢪᾎࡢǼᡂ࠾ࡼࡧ྾ڦ᮲௳ࢆࢢ ♧
ࡍࢳ࣮ࣕࢪᚋࡢ྾ڦỈǢฎࡣỈǢࢆάᛶ࢞ࢫ୰
ࣥࣃࣝࢫຍ⇕⁐ࠕἲࡼࡾᢳฟࡋ࣒࢝ࣛࡼࡿศ
-25-
ᐇቲȆᯝ
ᚤǭǼʺᘬᙇ≉ᛶ
ᅗ TBF ࡢ⇕ฎ⌮ᚋࡢǼʺࡢ SEM ┿ࢼࢱ
࣮ࣝйᇇࢆ♧ࡍ࠸ࡎࢀࡢ TBF ࡶ 0 S Ⅼ௨ୗ࡛࣮࢜
ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵẕ┦Ǽʺࡣᇶᮏⓗࡣ
ࢢ
Charge
solution
Current
density
ࢢ
ỈǢ྾ڦ᮲௳
H 2 SO 4 0.5mol/L
KSCN 0.01mol/L
500A/m 2
TBF ࡢᘬᙇ≉ᛶ࠾ࡼࡧȚ R ≉ᛶ
7A
WA
<6
76
7(O
IȚ 0
&Ț 0
-
0
10
100
1000
10000
10
100
1000
10000
10
100
1000
10000
1277
1237
1192
1232
1241
1172
1125
1179
1248
1075
1147
1132
1084
1565
1537
1511
1457
1445
1534
1473
1380
1405
1412
1362
1323
1222
13.9
14.9
15.7
16.2
13.5
15.1
16.9
15.7
15.0
10.1
15.2
13.9
15.2
2.8
3.5
3.9
3.3
2.3
3.8
3.5
2.4
1.5
4.2
3.5
2.6
2.1
0.55
0.27
0.46
0.64
0.68
0.61
0.56
0.84
0.63
0.67
0.95
1.00
1.01
250
300
350
యᐦᗘࡀᴟࡵ࡚࠸࣋ࢽࢸࢵࢡࣇ࢙ࣛࢺȘ bf
ࣛࢫ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺȘ m ࣛࢫࡽ࡞ࡾȚ R ࡣࡑࢀ
ࡽࡢࣛࢫቃ⏺ἢࡗ࡚ࣇ࣒ࣝ≧Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࣮࢜
ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮ ᗘࡢച࠸ࡼࡿᚤǭǼʺࡢࡁ࡞ᕪࡣ
ࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮ࡀ࿇ࡃ࡞ࡿࡋ
ࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࣛࢫẕ┦ࡣՍᖸƂࡋࡓࡼ࠺ࡳࡽࢀࡿ
ࢢ TBF ࡢ⇕ฎ⌮ᚋࡢᘬᙇ≉ᛶ࠾ࡼࡧȚ R ≉ᛶࢆ
♧ࡍTBF ࡢȚ R ึᮇయ
⋡I Ț 0 ࡣ 1.5ᝬ4.2 vol%ࡢ
úᅖ࠶ࡾࡑࡢึᮇⅣǢ⃰ᗘ& Ț 0 ࡣ 0.27ᝬ1.01 mass%
ࡢúᅖ࠶ࡿ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮ ᗘ7 A ࡀࡃ࡞
ࡿ I Ț 0 & Ț 0 ࡶୖ᪼ࡋ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮W A
ࡀ࿇ࡃ࡞ࡿ I Ț 0 ࡣపୗࡋ& Ț 0 ࡣୖ᪼ࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿ
TBF ࡢᘬᙇᙉࡉ76ࡣ 1222ᝬ1565 MPa ࡢúᅖ
࠶ࡿࡲࡓఙࡧ7(Oࡣ 10.1ᝬ16.9 %ࡢúᅖ࠶ࡿ
ỈǢ྾≉ڦᛶ
ᅗ TBF ࡢ྾ڦỈǢฎ+ T ᘬᙇᙉࡉ76
ࡢಀࢆ♧ࡍTBF ࡣᘬᙇᙉࡉࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡋࡓࡀ
ࡗ࡚྾ڦỈǢฎࡣቑຍࡍࡿഴྥࡀ৶ࡵࡽࢀࡿ
᪼ Ъ Ⴃ ศ ᯒ ἲ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ ᐃ ࡋ ࡓ ᐊ ࡽ 300 Υ ࡲ
࡛ࡢúᅖࡢỈǢᨺฟ᭤ɪࢆᅗ ♧ࡍ࠸ࡎࢀࡢ TBF
ࡶ 50 Υࡽ 200 Υಶ࡛ከࡃࡢỈǢࢆᨺฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
7 A =350 ΥW A ᜫ10 s ࡢ TBF ࡣࡢ TBF ẚుࡋ࡚
ỈǢᨺฟࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡀࡃࣆ࣮ࢡ ᗘࡣ ഃࢩࣇࢺ
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
ഌࢀ◚ቯᙉᗘ
ᅗ ᭤ࡆᛂຊ Ȫ A ◚᩿W f ᭤ɪࡢ௦ࢢ
ࢆ♧ࡍࡲࡓTBF ࡢഌࢀ◚ቯᙉᗘ')/ࢆᘬᙇᙉ
7$ Υ
+7 SSP
Ⴃᚋ⇕ఏᑟᗘἲࡼࡾᐃฎࡋࡓࡲࡓᣑᩓᛶỈǢฎ
ࡣ᪼ ЪႣἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ ᐃࡋࡓ࡞࠾྾ڦỈǢฎ ᐃ࠾ࡼࡧᣑᩓᛶỈǢฎ ᐃࡢၯࡣỈǢࢳ࣮ࣕࢪࡽỈ
Ǣฎ ᐃࡲ࡛ࡢᩱࡽࡢỈǢࡢᨺฟࢆဥࡄࡓࡵ
ᩱࢆᾮయ5Ǣ୰࡛ಖᏑࡋࡓ
ഌࢀ◚ቯቲࡣỈǢࢳ࣮ࣕࢪ 4 Ⅼ᭤ࡆቲ 16 ࡼࡾ
ࢌࡗࡓቲࡣ࿇ࡉ 65 mmᖜ 10 mmᯈཌ 1.2 mm
ࡢ࿇᪉ᙧቲ∦ࢆ⏝࠸ቲ ᗘࡣ 25 Υࡋࡓഌࢀ
◚ቯ≉ᛶࡢো౯ࡣ5 ◚᩿ࡋ࡞࠸᭱ࡢᛂຊࢆഌࢀ
◚ቯᙉᗘ')/ࡋ࡚ো౯ࡋࡓ
7$ Υ
7$ Υ
7 A (Υ): austempering temperature, W A (s):
austempering time, <6 (MPa): yield stress or 0.2%
offset proof stress, 76 (MPa): tensile strength, 7(O
(%): total elongation, I Ț 0 (vol%): volume fraction
of Ț R , & Ț 0 (mass%): carbon concentration of Ț R
(a)
76 03D
ᅗ TBF ࡢ྾ڦỈǢฎ (+ T ) ᘬᙇᙉࡉ (76) ࡢ
ಀ
(c)
(b)
10ȝm
ᅗ
(a) 7 A =250 Υ10 s, (b) 7 A =350 Υ10 s ࠾ࡼࡧ(c) 7 A =350 Υ10000 s ࡢ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮ࢆࡋࡓ TBF
ࡢᚤǭǼʺ┿
-26-
ࡉ76࡛ᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚ᅗ ♧ࡍTBF ࡢഌࢀ◚ቯᙉᗘ
ࡣᘬᙇᙉࡉࡀࡃ࡞ࡿࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚పୗࡍࡿഴྥࡀࡳ
ࡽࢀ76Ӎ1400 MPa ࡢúᅖ࡛ᆗࡿ࡞؝
TBF ࡢഌ ࢀ◚ ቯ ቲᚋࡢ ◚ჳ࠾ࡼࡧ ʚ᩿ჳࡢ SEM
┿ࡢ௦ࢢࢆᅗ ♧ࡍ7 A =250 ΥW A =10 s ࡢ TBF
ࡣſ⏺◚ቯࢆ♧ࡋࡁ࣓ࡣȆᬗſ⏺ࢆᒎࡍࡿ୍᪉
7 A =350 ΥW A =10 s ࠾ࡼࡧ W A =10000 s ࡢ TBF ࡣſ⏺◚
ቯࡀᢚไࡉࢀᨃࡁ࿔◚ቯࢆ♧ࡍ
7$ Υ W$ V
7$ Υ
W$ V
7$ Υ
W$ V
ᅗ
7 Υ
TBF ࡢỈǢᨺฟ᭤ɪ
୍ӑ୰ධࡋࡓỈǢࡣⅣ≀ 16 17 ᱁ᏊḞ
၇ 9 Ȇᬗſ⏺ 17 ࣛࢫቃ⏺ 18 ࡸయ 19 ࡞ࢺࣛࢵ
ࣉࡉࢀࡿᙉᗘᯈࡣⅣ≀ࡢᯒฟẕ┦ࡢయᐦ
ᗘࡢୖ᪼ࡸȆᬗſᚤǭࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࡢᙉᗘࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡓ
ࡵᙉᗘࣞ࣋ࣝࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚྾ࡿࡍڦỈǢฎ
ࡣቑຍࡍࡿࡋࡋTBF ࡢ࣋ࢽࢸࢵࢡࣇ࢙ࣛ
ࢺẕ┦ࡣⅣ≀ࡣᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࡲࡓ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮
ฎ⌮᮲௳ࡼࡗ࡚ᚤǭǼʺࡁ࡞ᕪࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠸ᅗ
2ᮏ TBF ࡣ࣋ࢽࢸࢵࢡࣇ࢙ࣛࢺࣛࢫቃ⏺
1.5ᝬ4.2 volᜓࡢȚ R ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᳺญࡽ 9 ࡣȚ R
ࡣࣇ࢙ࣛࢺ࡞ẚుࡋ࡚ከฎࡢỈǢࢆ྾ࡇࡿࡍڦ
ࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢀࡣfcc ᵓࡢȚ R ࡣ bcc ᵓࡢࣇ
࢙ࣛࢺࡼࡾࡶȆᬗ᱁Ꮚࡢၭࡀࡁ࠸ࡇࡼࡿͳ
࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡉࡽChan ࡽ 20 ࡣȚ R ࢆྵࡴ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧ
ࢺྵࡲ࡞࠸࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺỈǢࢳ࣮ࣕࢪࡍࡿ
Ț R ࢆྵࡴ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺࡣྵࡲ࡞࠸࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧ
7$ Υ W$ V
7$ Υ W$ V
Ȫ$ 03D
ỈǢ྾≉ڦᛶཬࡰࡍȚ 5 ≉ᛶࡢᙳᅚ
7$ Υ
7$ Υ
7$ Υ W$ V
WI V
ᅗ
D
7$ Υ
')/ 03D
G+GW SSPPLQ
ͳᐹ
ᅗ TBF ࡢഌࢀ◚ቯ᭤ɪ
E
76 03D
TBF ࡢഌࢀ◚ቯᙉࡉ (')/)ᘬᙇᙉࡉ (76)
ࡢಀ
F
ȣP
G
H
I
ȣP
ᅗ
7 A =250 Υ10 s (a and d) 7 A =350 Υ10 s (b and e) ࠾ࡼࡧ 7 A =350 Υ10000 s (c and f) ࢆࡋࡓ
TBF ࡢ◚ჳ (a, b and c) ࠾ࡼࡧ◚ჳಶഐࡢʚ᩿ჳ (d, e and f) ࡢႱᏊᆗᚤ┿
-27-
ࢺࡼࡾࡶከࡃࡢỈǢࢆ྾ࡇࡿࡍڦ࠾ࡼࡧࡇࢀࡣ
ከ ฎ ࡢ Ỉ Ǣ ࡀ Ț R ࣐ ࣝ ࢸ ࣥ ࢧ ࢺ ⏺ ჳ ࢺ ࣛ ࢵ ࣉ ࡋ ࡓ
ࡓࡵሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᅗ TBF ࡢȚ R ึᮇయ
⋡
I Ț 0 ྾ڦỈǢฎ+ T ࡢಀࢆ♧ࡍTBF ࡢ
྾ ڦỈǢ ฎ ࡣ Ț R ึᮇ య
⋡ ࡀࡃ࡞ࡿࡋࡓࡀ ࡗ ࡚ ቑ
ຍࡋࡓࡉࡁࡢ◊" 11 12 ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ୨ᙉᗘప ྜ ฐ
TRIP ࡢ྾ڦỈǢฎࡣȚ R ึᮇయ
⋡ṇࡢ┦ࡀ࠶
ࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾᮏ◊"࡛ࡶྠᵝࡢȆᯝࢆ♧ࡋ
࡚࠸ࡿ
ᮏ◊"࡛ࡣ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮᮲௳ࡢച࠸ࡼࡗ࡚
ỈǢᨺฟ᭤ɪࡀኚࡋࡓࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ7 A =350 ΥW A ᜫ10
s ࡢ TBF ࡣࡢ TBF ẚుࡋ࡚ỈǢᨺฟࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ
ࡃࡃ ഃ࡛ከࡃࡢỈǢࢆᨺฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᳺญ
ࡽ 9 ࡼࡿ᪼ ೯ᗘ 1.67 Υ/min ࡛ỈǢศᯒࢆࢌࡗ
ࡓࡁ87ᝬ92 Υࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡣſ⏺ࢭ࣓ࣥࢱࢺ⏺ჳ
యࡲࡓࡣཎᏊ%Ꮝ࡞ࡽᨺฟࡉࢀࡓỈǢ127 Υ
ಶࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡣȚ R ࡽᨺฟࡉࢀࡓỈǢ࡛࠶ࡾȚ R ࡽࡢ
ỈǢࡣࡢỈǢࢺࣛࢵࣉࢧࢺࡽࡢࡶࡢࡼࡾࡶ ࡛ᨺฟࡉࢀࡿሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᮏ◊"࠾࠸࡚ࡶ᪼ ೯ᗘࡣ␗࡞ࡿ᪼ ೯ᗘ 12 Υ/minࡀȚ R ึᮇయ
⋡
ࡢ࠸ TBF ࡢ᪉ࡀ ࡛ỈǢࢆከࡃᨺฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ
ࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇࡼࡾTBF ࡣࣛࢫቃ⏺ᏑᅾࡍࡿȚ R ࡲ
ࡓ ࡣ Ț R ࣋ ࢽ ࢸ ࢵ ࢡ ࣇ ࢙ ࣛ ࢺ ⏺ ჳ ከ ࡃ ࡢ Ỉ Ǣ
ࡀࢺࣛࢵࣉࡋࡓࡓࡵ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࣥࣃ࣮ฎ⌮ࡼࡗ࡚
Ț R ึᮇయ
⋡ࡢ TBF ࡢỈǢ྾ڦฎࡀቑຍࡋࡓͳ࠼
ࡽࢀࡿ
ࡍࡲࡓᅗ TBF ࡢഌࢀ◚ቯᙉᗘ')/ࢆȚ R
ึᮇⅣǢ⃰ᗘ& Ț 0 ࡛ᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚♧ࡍᅗ 9 ࡼࡾ࠸ࡎ
ࢀࡢ TBF ࡶ֤ᛂຊࡀࡃ࡞ࡿࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚Ț R య
⋡ ࡣ పୗ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ ࡀࢃ ࡿ ࡋ ࡋ Ț R ึᮇ ⅣǢ ⃰ ᗘ
ࡢẚుⓗ࠸ TBF ࡣỈǢ྾ࡿࡼڦȚ R ࡢ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧ
ࢺ ኚែ ࡣᢚ ไ ࡉ ࢀ ഌ ࢀ ◚ ቯ ቲ ࡼ ࡿ Ț R ࡢ య ⋡
ప ୗ ࡶ ᑠ ࡉ ࠸ ࡉ ࡽ TBF ࡢ ഌ ࢀ ◚ ቯ ᙉ ᗘ ࡣ Ț R
ึᮇⅣǢ⃰ᗘṇࡢ┦ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡿᅗ 10ࡇࡢȆᯝ
ࡣTBF ࡢഌࢀ◚ቯᙉᗘࡀȚ R ࡢᏳᐃᛶࡁࡃᙳᅚ
ࢆཷࡅࡿࡇࢆ♧၀ࡍࡿ୨ᙉᗘపྜฐ TRIP ࡢഌ
ࢀ◚ቯ≉ᛶȚ R ࡢᏳᐃᛶࡢಀࡣᅗ ♧ࡍ࣐ࣝࢸ
ࣥࢧࢺኚែࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒Ҝ⏤࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢኚࡢᶍ
ᘧᅗ 21 ࡽ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺᫂ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ
Ț R ึᮇⅣǢ⃰ᗘࡢప࠸7 A =250 ΥW A =10 s ࡢ TBF
ࡣᘧ1ࡼࡾồࡵࡓȚ R ࡢ 0 S Ⅼࡀ 7 A =350 ΥW A =10
s ࡢ TBF ࡼࡾࡶ࠸࠸ࡎࢀࡢ TBF ࡶỈǢࢆ྾ڦ
ࡍ ࡿ Ț R ࡣ Ᏻ ᐃ ࡞ ࡾ ࢜ ࣮ࢫ ࢸ ࢼ ࢺ ࡢҜ⏤ ࢚ ࢿ
ࣝ ࢠ ࣮ ࡣ ୖ ᪼ ࡋ ࡚ 0 S Ⅼ ࡣ ୖ ᪼ ࡍ ࡿ ᅗ 1 1 ( b )
7 A =250 ΥW A =10 s ࡢ TBF ࡣȚ R ࡀჰᖖᏳᐃ
࡞ࡾỈǢ྾ࢺࢧࣥࢸ࣐࡚ࣝࡗࡼ֤ࡸڦኚែࡋࡸ
ࡍࡃ࡞ࡿỈǢᛂຊୣ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺኚែ୍᪉
7 A =350 ΥW A =10 s ࡢ TBF ࡣȚ R ࡢᏳᐃᛶࡀẚుⓗ
࠸ࡓࡵỈǢࡼࡗ࡚ 0S ⅬࡣՍᖸୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡀ
7 A =250 ΥW A =10 s ࡢ TBF ࡼࡾࡶప࠸ 0 S ⅬࢆɄᣢࡍ
ࡿ ͳ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࡑࡢ ࡓ ࡵ Ț R ึ ᮇ Ⅳ Ǣ ⃰ᗘ ࢆ ᭷ ࡍ
ࡿ TBF ࡢ ഌ ࢀ◚ ቯ ቲ ୰ ࡢỈ Ǣ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ᛂຊ ୣ࣐ ࣝ
ഌࢀ◚ቯ≉ᛶཬࡰࡍȚ 5 ≉ᛶࡢᙳᅚ
࣮࢜ࢫࢸࢼࢺDŽࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫࡣࡢࣇ࢙ࣛࢺDŽ
ࡸ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺDŽࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫẚుࡋ࡚࠸Ϳഌࢀ
◚ቯ≉ᛶࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ࡋࡋỈǢࢆ྾ࡿࡍڦȚࡢ
Ᏻᐃᛶࡣపୗࡋ࡚࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺኚែࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡾỈ
Ǣୣ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺኚែഌࢀ◚ቯࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞
ࡿᮏ TBF ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ୰ 1.5ᝬ4.2 volᜓࡢȚ R ึ
ᮇయ ⋡ࢆ ᭷ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ࡿࡇࡢȚ R ࡣከ ࡃࡢ ỈǢࢆ ྾ ࡍ ڦ
ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࡑࡢỈǢୣࡉࢀ࡚࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧ
ࢺኚែࡍࡿȚࡽᨺฟࡉࢀ࡚࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺᅛ⁐
ࡋࡁࢀ࡞ࡗࡓỈǢࡣᪧȚſ⏺࡞ࢺࣛࢵࣉࡉࢀᪧ
Țſ⏺ࡽࡁ࣓ࡀⓎ⏕࣭ᒎࡋ࡚ഌࢀ◚ቯᙉᗘࢆపୗࡉ
ࡏࡿͳ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡑࡇ࡛௦ࢢⓗ࡞ TBF ࡢྛ֤ᛂ
ຊ࡛ࡢഌࢀ◚ቯቲ๓ᚋࡢȚ R య
⋡ࡢኚࢆᅗ ♧
IȚIȚ
ᅗ 7$ Υ
7$ Υ W $ V
&Ț PDVV 7$ Υ
IȚ YRO Ȫ$<6
TBF ࡢ֤ᛂຊံఅᛂຊẚ ( Ȫ A <6) ṧ
␃࣮࢜ࢫࢸࢼࢺయ
⋡ẚ (I Ț /I Ț 0 ) ࡢಀ
')/ 03D
+7 SSP
7$ Υ
ᅗ 7$ Υ W $ V
&Ț PDVV 7$ Υ
7$ Υ
7$ Υ
TBF ࡢ྾ڦỈǢฎ (+ T ) ṧ␃࣮࢜ࢫࢸ ࢼ
ࢺึᮇయ
⋡ (I Ț 0 ) ࡢಀ
ᅗ -28-
&Ț PDVV TBF ࡢ྾ڦỈǢฎ (+ T ) ṧ␃࣮࢜ࢫࢸࢼ
ࢺึᮇయ
⋡ (I Ț 0 ) ࡢಀ
a
G
Athermal martensite
transformation
Strain-induced
Yield strength of
austenite
MSı
MS
ᅗ Only plastic deformation,
no martensite transformation
ı
b
Stress-assisted
ǻGı=0,Ms
martensite
austenite
MS
T0
T
(a) ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺኚែࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ (b) Ҝ⏤࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢኚ
Md
ࢸࣥࢧࢺኚែࡣపȚ R ึᮇⅣǢ⃰ᗘࡢ TBF ୣࡇ
ࡽ࡞࠸ͳ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ
௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺Ț R ึᮇⅣǢ⃰ᗘࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ TBF ࡣ
ࣛ ࢫቃ⏺ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ୰ᚤǭ ᆒ୍Ꮡᅾ ࡍࡿȚ R ࡀ Ỉ Ǣ ࢆ
྾࡚ࡗࡼࡇࡿࡍڦᪧȚſ⏺࡞ࡢỈǢࢺࣛࢵࣉࢆ
ᢚไࡋᪧȚſ⏺ࡽࡢࡁ࣓ࡀⓎ⏕࣭ᒎࢆᢚไࡋࡓ
ͳ ࠼ ࡽࢀ ࡿ ࡲ ࡓ Ᏻ ᐃ࡞Ț R ࡀ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺ ኚ ែ ࢆ
ᢚ ไ ࡋ࡚ഌ ࢀ◚ ቯቲ ୰ࡢȚ R ࡽࡢ ỈǢࡢ ᨺฟ ࢆ ᢚ ไ
ࡋࡓࡇࡼࡗ࡚࠸ഌࢀ◚ቯᙉᗘࢆ♧ࡋࡓͳ࠼ࡽࢀ
ࡿ ࡉࡽ Ț R ࡢࡦࡎࡳ ୣኚែࡀ ᒁᡤ ⓗᛂຊႏ ୰ ࢆ
ɶࡋࡁ࣓ࡢᒎࢆᢚไࡋࡓࡇࡶഌࢀ◚ቯᙉᗘࡢୖ
᪼ᐤࡋࡓͳ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ
Ȇ
୨ ᙉ ᗘ TBF ࡢ ഌࢀ◚ ቯ≉ᛶࢆ ᨵၿ ࡍࡿࡇ ࢆ ┠
ⓗࡋ࡚Ț R ≉ᛶࢆኚࡉࡏࡓ୨ᙉᗘ TBF ࡢỈǢ྾
≉ڦᛶ࠾ࡼࡧഌࢀ◚ቯ≉ᛶࢆਚᰝࡋࡓᚓࡽࢀࡓ࡞Ȇ
ᯝࡣ௨ୗࡢ࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ
1TBF ࡢ ྾ڦỈǢฎࡣᘬᙇᙉࡉࡀୖ ᪼ ࡍ ࡿ
ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ቑຍࡋࡓࡲࡓᣑᩓᛶỈǢࡣ7 A =350 Υ
W A ᜫ10 s ࡢ TBF ࡀࡢ TBF ࡼࡾࡶ ഃ࡛ከࡃᨺฟ
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇࢀࡣࣛࢫቃ⏺ᏑᅾࡍࡿȚ R ࡲࡓࡣȚ R
࣋ࢽࢸࢵࢡࣇ࢙ࣛࢺ⏺ჳከࡃࡢỈǢࡀࢺࣛࢵࣉ
ࡋࡓࡇୣᅉࡋࡓͳ࠼ࡽࢀࡓ
2TBF ࡣ76Ӎ1400 MPa ࡢúᅖ࡛ᘬᙇᙉࡉࡀࡃ
࡞ࡿࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ഌࢀ◚ቯᙉᗘࡀపୗࡋࡓࡇࢀࡣ
୰ ᚤǭ ᆒ ୍ ࡘ ᏳᐃᏑᅾ ࡍࡿȚ R ࡀỈ Ǣࢆ྾ ࡓ ࡋ ڦ
ࡇ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ Ț R ࡢ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧࢺኚ ែࡀ ᢚไࡉ ࢀ ഌ
ࢀ ◚ቯ ቲ ୰ ࡢ Ț R ࡽࡢ Ỉ Ǣࡢᨺ ฟࡀᢚไࡉࢀ ࡓ ࡇ
ୣᅉࡋࡓͳ࠼ࡽࢀࡓ
ᮏ◊"ࢆࡈᨭ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓ
ኳ⏣ฐᒓຍᕤᶵᲔ
ᢏҶᅋ࡞ࡽࡧ౪ࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓಙᕞ
ᏛᕤᏛൺᩍᤵᮡᮏබ୍ඛ⏕῝ࡃឤࡢពࢆࢢࡍࡿ
ࡶὠᒣᕤᴗ¬ᑓ࿋Ꮫᰯ༞ᴗ◊"⏕ࡢභᮏᕼẶ
ేࡏ࡚࠾♩࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍ
T
ཧͳᩥ⊩
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᪥ᮏ༠ɵ, (1997), 138.
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H.
Akamizu
and
M.
Mayuzumi:
Hydrogen
Embrittlement of Ultra High Strength Low Alloy
TRIP-aided Steels, Tetsu-to-Hagane, 90 (2004),
-29-
177-182.
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-30-
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