dedaistoria patarebisaTvis 9 ISBN 978-9941-0-5103-6 saqarTvelos istoria patarebisaTvis 15 nawilad N9 nugzar molaSvili avtorisagan 21-e saukunis Cemo umcroso Tanamemamulev! minda mogiTxro Seni samSoblos, saqarTvelos istoria. istoria qveynisa, romelmac mraval gansacdels gauZlo, bevri dabrkoleba gadalaxa. aq bevr saintereso ambavs amoikiTxav: rogor cxovrobdnen adamianebi didi, Zalian didi xnis winaT, rodesac jer kidev gamoqvabulSi edoT bina, rogor nadirobdnen, `aTvinierebdnen~ cecxls, qmnidnen sabrZolo da Sromis iaraRs, xnavdnen da Tesavdnen, uvlidnen vazs, Weddnen liTons, werdnen wignebs, igeriebdnen mters da aSenebdnen eklesia-monastrebs... gaigeb brZenTa, poetTa, gmirTa da wmindanTa saxelebs, vinc mTeli Tavisi Zal-Rone samSoblosa da uflis samsaxurs Seswires... dedaistoria patarebisaTvis seria ibeWdeba 15 nawilad ` sxva Ze ar esva mefesa~ wigni mecxre lTamaris gamefeba l` svesa zeda laSasa~ l Samqoris brZola lruqnadinis werili l` ZlevaSemosilni~ lTaya Tmogvelis xuTasi rCeuli l` vefxistyaosani~ da Tamari Tamaris gamefeba giorgi mesames vaJi ar hyavda, amitom mama-xelmwifem ufrosi asuli Tanamosaydred, Tanamefed, TanammarTvelad gamoacxada, xolo mamis gardacvalebis Semdeg 18 wlis Tamari qveynis erTpirovnuli mmarTveli gaxda. Tamaris mefed kurTxevam didi zeimiT Caiara. guldamSvidebul qarTvelebs SeeZloT, ukve sxva saqmeebzec efiqraT. da gavida Tbilisidan qarTvelTa laSqari, romelsac win samefo droSa miuZRoda. qarTvelTa laSqarma basianamde ibrZola da ukan dabrunda. Semdeg dvini dalaSqres. gamarjvebul da alafiT damZimebul ukan momaval qarTvelebs dvinelTa da surmanelTa laSqari moewia, magram `lomis sificxed~ qceulma jarma mteri gaaqcia, TviTon ki ,,avsebulni da saxelovanni~ mefis winaSe wardgnen. amis Semdeg qarTvelTa laSqrobani yoveli mxriT warimarTa da yvelgan gamarjvebiT da didi ZlevamosilebiT dasrulda. 6 7 ...mefeT-mefe Tamars Ze SeeZina, `swori Zisa RrmTisa~. axalSobils dedam laSa-giorgi uwoda. taxtis memkvidre daibada! es RirsSesaniSnavi movlena Sesaferisad idResaswaules da, Cveulebisamebr, Seikriba laSqari ufliswulis bed-iRblis dasadgenad. qarTvelTa mxedrobam gezi bardavisken aiRo, didi da Zveli qalaqisken. laSqroba warmatebiT dasrulda. jari mravali tyviTa da alafiT dabrunda samSobloSi. gaxarebulma Tamarma ufliswulis dRegrZelobisaTvis mis saxelze 30000 tyve gaaTavisufla. gamarjvebuli daviT soslani, meuRle Tamar mefisa, da laSqari gulmxiaruli eaxla patara ufliswuls, magram laSqrobani laSa-giorgis saxeliT amiT ar damTavrebula. qarTvelebma TiTqmis imavdroulad samxreT-aRmosavleTiT ilaSqres, mdinare arezis (araqsis) piramde miatanes, ganZa amoiares da gamarjvebulni dabrundnen Sin. 8 am laSqris erTi razmi mxargrZelebis _ zaqaria amirspasalarisa da ivane msaxurTuxucesis meTaurobiT loredan Seesia araqsis sanapiroebs. jari moulodnelad gadaeyara saqarTvelosken samekobreod daZrul dvinelebs, bijniselebsa da amberdelebs da musri gaavlo maT. qarTvelTa saqebarma `sulisa sificxem~ aqac Tavisi gaitana da `avsebuli da saxelovani~ mxedroba Rirseulad wardga `daviT sveamaRlebulisa da Tamar RvTivdamyarebulis~ winaSe. ase Zlevamosilad dasrulda ufliswulis dabadebis aRsaniSnavad gamarTuli laSqrobani. marTalia, Tamaris gamefebisa da taxtis memkvidris dabadebis aRsaniSnavi laSqrobebi saxelsa da simdidres uxveWda saqarTvelos, magram Sursac bevrs aRuZravda da mters umravlebda. saqarTvelos samxreTiT arsebul did mahmadianur samefoTa mflobelni sul ufro aSkarad gamoxatavdnen survils saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg gamolaSqrebisa. 9 Samqoris brZola orive mxare didi omisTvis emzadeboda. sababic moiZebna: mulidebma adarbadaganis (axlandeli azerbaijanis) aTabagi mokles. memkvidreebad misi Zmis Svilebi gamocxaddnen. maT memkvidreoba gainawiles, magram erTmaneTSi brZola atexes. SuaTana Zmam abu-baqarma metoqeebi daamarcxa da samflobelos erTaderTi patroni gaxda. umiwawylod darCenili umcorisi Zma amir-mirmani Sirvanis mflobels – aRsarTans CaesiZa, magram abu-baqari axla Sirvans daesxa Tavs da daamarcxa aRsarTani. Sirvani daviT aRmaSeneblis droidan saqarTvelos ymadnafici iyo, xolo misi flobeli aRsarTani aRmaSeneblis asulis STamomavali gaxldaT. amitom siZe-simamrma saqarTvelos samefo kars sTxova daxmareba da piradad ewvivnen Tamars. stumrebi didi pativiT miiRes, alxines, gaarTes, magram mTavari ar daviwyebiaT: gamalebiT emzadebodnen salaSqrod. 10 aRsarTanisa da amir-mirmanis saqarTveloSi gamomgzavreba da qarTvelTa samzadisi abu-baqars SeumCneveli ar darCenia. man mTeli sparseTis jari Sehyara. qarTvelTa laSqarma daviT soslanis meTaurobiT Samqoris axlos daibanaka. soslanma mzveravTa razmebi dagzavna yvela mimarTulebiT. maTi cnobiT, mteri mravalricxovani iyo da axlos, SamqorTan idga. daviT soslans da didebulebs mtris siaxlove gauxardaT, siWarbe ar gahkvirvebiaT. erTi ram ver gaegoT mxolod, auracxeli jaris patronma abu-baqarma ratom miatova ganZisa da iranis Tvaluwvdeneli velebi da ratom gadawyvita win Semogebeba? qarTvelebma sabrZolo rigebi daawyves. daviT soslani aRiWurva, Sejda Calisfer cxenze, romelic erTi cixisa da soflis safasurad eyida. qarTvelTa saomari gegma ZiriTadi laSqris brZolaSi mogvianebiT Cabmas iTvaliswinebda, magram ugzoobam es gegma kinaRam CaSala. 11 ...gauWirdaT brZolaSi Cabmul qarTvelebs, magram kvlav imarjves mxargrZelebma. `viTarca vefxvTa frTosanTa~ ise gaiares darCenili manZili, brZolaSi gadaeSvnen da walekes mtris naxevari laSqari. miuxedavad amisa, medgrad idga aTabagi abu-baqari. bolos gamoCnda daviT soslani jariTa da samefo droSiT: gorgaslian-daviTian-TamarianiT. mteri Sedrka, `daeca risxva RvTisa~, ukan daixia da bolos gaiqca. qarTvelebic mihyvnen da aRar daindes. omi dasrulda, mteri damarcxda. aRsarTani da amir-mirmani qebas asxamdnen daviT soslans da mis meomrebs, magram daviTi qalaqSi Sesvlas ar Cqarobda. is Rame qarTvelebma mtris yofil banakSi gaatares. diliT ki gamocxaddnen Samqorelni da qalaqis kliteni miarTves. Samqoris garda daviTi gaxda sxva qalaqTa da cixeTa mflobeli, romlebic amir-mirmans uboZa, xolo TviTon ganZisken gaemarTa. 12 13 gamoegebnen ganZeli didebulebi da didvaWrebi, sasuliero da saero xelisufalni. Tavi Seavedres, qalaqis kari gauRes da sulTnis sasaxlemde miaciles. daviT soslanic `aRvida da dajda taxtsa sulTanisasa~. Zlevamosili gamarjvebis aRsaniSnavad ganZaSi didi zeimi gaimarTa. saqarTveloSi maxaroblad mandaturTuxucesi Wiaberi warmoagzavnes, romelsac male mxedrobac mohyva. didi nadavliT dabrunda laSqari: es iyo auracxeli ganZi da Tval-margaliti, uamravi tyve, 30 aTasi cxeni, 15 aTasi aqlemi, 7 aTasi jori, 40 avaza da xalifasgan warmogzavnili droSa, romelsac Tavzari unda daeca qarTvelTaTvis, axla ki Salva axalcixelis xelSi iyo `datyvevebuli~. Tamarma meomrebi uxvad daasaCuqra, laSqari daSala da daiTxova, xolo droSa xalifasi, msgavsad Tavisi didi papisa, daviT aRmaSenebelisa, Seswira RvTismSobels gelaTis monasterSi. 14 ruqnadinis werili qarTvelTa gaZlierebiT ZilgamkrTali mahmadianebi Sesaferis saSualebas da SemTxvevas eZebdnen, raTa bolo moeRoT qristianTa moqmedebisaTvis. gansakuTrebiT aqtiurobda saqarTvelos samxreT-dasavleTiT gadaWimuli rumis sasulTnos mflobeli ruqn ad-din suleiman Sahi, romelic gaxda Tu ara sulTani, maSinve Seudga Tavisi gegmis ganxorcielebas. sababad qarTvelTagan qalaq karis aReba gamoiyena. Tumca sababi raRad sWirdebodaT isedac sabrZolvelad aRWurvil selCukebs?! ruqnadinma Tavis Zmebsa da mezobel qveyanaTa mflobelebs mouwoda saqarTveloze salaSqrod. mokavSireebis raodenoba 400 aTass aRwevda. ,,mTasaviT maRal~ cxenze amxedrebuli ruqnadini `varskvlavebiviT mravalricxovan~ laSqars saqarTvelosken gamouZRva, win ki mociquli afrina ukmexi weriliTa da ukadrebeli danabarebiT. 15 werilis Sinaarsi daaxloebiT aseTi iyo: `Sen gibrZanebia qarTvelTaTvis maxvilis aReba mahmadianTa gasanadgureblad, amitom me warmomivlenia yoveli Cemi mxedroba, raTa movspo Seni qveynis yvela mamakaci da aravin davtovo cocxali, vinc ar momegebeba, ar mcems Tayvans, ar dalewavs jvars da ar aRiarebs mahmadis rjuls... ~ Seiyvanes mociquli TamarTan. manac miarTva muqariT savse werili da danabarebic gadasca: ,,Tu Tqveni mefe ganudgeba qristianobas, sulTani colad SeirTavs, Tu ara – xarWad daisvamso~... amgvari TavxedobiT ganrisxebulma amispasalarma zaqaria mxargrZelma gaampartavnebuli mociquli kargad gatyipa. karga xnis Semdeg mosulierebul despans sanacvlo werili gaatanes masaviT uzrdel patronTan. 16 17 werilSi ewera: `yovlisa mpyrobeli RmerTis Zalas mindobilma da mariamis sasoebiT Semosilma, patiosani jvris mvedrebelma wavikiTxe Seni, ruqnadin, RvTis ganmarisxebeli werili da vcan sicrue Seni, romlis ganmsjelic RmerTi iqneba. Sen simravles da simdidres xar mindobili, xolo me _ arc simdidres da arc jaris Zlierebas, aramed RmerTsa da jvars, romelic Sen dagme! vagzavni mxedrobas Sens mosagebeblad. iyos neba RvTisa da ara Seni! simarTle misi da ara Seni~. mTel saqarTveloSi laSqris wveva gamocxadda. molaSqreni javaxeTSi Seikribnen. mefeT-mefe Tamari varZias CabrZanda da daviT soslani da qarTveli mxedroba cremlebiT Seavedra varZiis RvTismSobels. daiZra laSqari. winamebrZolad, anu mewinave sardlad zaqaria mxargrZeli ganamweses, romelsac mxars umagrebdnen Salva da ivane axalcixelebi. 18 daviT soslanis gegmiT qarTvelebi sakuTar banakSi unda dasxmodnen mters Tavs. win mzveravTa razmi gagzavnes. maTi cnobiT, mters auracxeli jari hyavda. magram qarTvelTaTvis xelsayreli viTarebac SeniSnes: Tavisi simravliT guldajerebul selCukebs darajebi ar hyavdaT dayenebuli. `da iqna omi ficxeli da Zlieri~, romlis msgavsi aqamde aravis enaxa. orive mxare did danakargebs ganicdida, magram mahmadianTa msxverpli gacilebiT meti iyo. am SetakebaSi cxenebi moukles Zmeb axalcixelebs, msaxurTuxuces ivane mxargrZels. gauWirdaT qarTvelebs. cotac da, albaT, ukanac daixevdnen, magram SeuZaxes qveiTad darCenilebma da sxvanic CamoqveiTdnen. ixila ra es daviT soslanma, ZiriTadi Zalis Setevis mimarTuleba Secvala, raTa mxedrebs qveiTni ar gadaeqelaT. 19 es manevri ise moulodneli aRmoCnda, rom aman Tavzari dasca mowinaaRmdeges da gaiqca. axla ki kvlav amxedrdnen qveiTnic da saerTo ZaliT daedevnen mters. qarTvelTa erT-erTi mZlavri Setevisagan dabneula ruqnadinis saCrdilobelis damWeris cxeni, fexi romeliRac cxovelis soroSi Cavardnia da waforxilebula. mxedari Camovardnila da saCrdilobelic miwas danarcxebia. amis Semyure jars ufiqria, sulTans safrTxe Seqmniao da... ara, ki ar miSvelebian, gaqceulan... bevri didebuli Cavarda tyved. sulTani ruqnadini da misi Zma jer arzrumSi gaiqcnen. iqidan ruqnadini, dasvenebisa da Wrilobebis movlis Semdeg, rumis gziT ikoniaSi gadavida, sadac SurisZiebis surviliT anTebuli, gardaicvala kidec. samarTali RvTisa gacxadda! 20 ZlevaSemosilni gamarjvebulma qarTvelebma uamravi simdidre igdes xelT. maT Soris gamorCeuli iyo cnobili samedicino enciklopedia `wigni saaqimo~ _ `karabadini~, romelic mwignobarTuxucesis brZanebiT saswrafod Targmnes qarTulad. am gamarjvebas, romelic istoriaSi basianis brZolis saxeliTaa Sesuli, didi mniSvneloba hqonda. qarTvelTa Sors gatyorcnil saxels uZlevelobis Saravandedi moefina... basianis brZolidan arcTu cota xanma ganvlo qarTvelTaTvis mSvidobianad. amjerad ardavelis (ardebelis) sulTani gamoirCa. didmarxvis bolo dReebi idga. Tamar `SvidmnaTobieri~ geguTSi brZandeboda da qristes brwyinvale aRdgomis Sesaxvedrad emzadeboda. iqve iyo mTeli samefo kari, maT Soris Tavisi didebis zenitSi myofi Zmebi mxargrZelebi _ amirspasalari zaqaria da msaxurTuxucesi ivane. 21 amiT isargebla sulTanma, amovlo mdinare araqsi da ise, rom gzad aravisTvis uvnia, aniss moadga. es yvelaferi ise mSvidad da uswrafesad moaxerxa, rom qristianebs eWvic ar auRiaT. did SabaTs, aRdgomis Rames, sulTnis jarma qalaqis siaxloves daibanaka sruli sabrZolo mzadyofniT. diliT, ciskarze, aRdgomiT gaxarebulma aniselebi eklesiebSi locvad dadgnen da qalaqis karibWec farTod gaxsnes. mahmadianTa mxedroba yiJiniT Seesia qalaqs da `iwyes xocvad, kvlav, tyveobad~. mosaxleobis didi nawili, aTasobiT adamiani, eklesiebSi cxvrebiviT dakles. mxolod isini gadarCnen, vinc Tavis Sefareba gamoqvabulebsa Tu cixeSi moaswro. anelTa gawyvetis ambavma male miaRwia geguTs da yvelani SeaZrwuna. gamZvinvarebuli qarTveloba saomrad aRiWurva. gaemgzavra mxedroba amier (aRmosavleT) qarTvelTa, qarTlelebis garda. 22 23 esec erTgvari xerxi iyo, radgan qarTlelTa amoZraveba SeumCneveli aravis darCeboda. ganvles gelaquni, sivnieTi, gascdnen saqarTvelos sazRvrebs da rodesac mahmadianTa didi dResaswauli, ramazani idga, ardebils miadgnen. TiTqmis igive ganmeorda. diliT, rodesac mahmadian mlocvelTa xma gaisma, qarTvelebma Seuties, qalaqSi SeiWrnen da is uomrad daikaves. mravali tyve wamoasxes, romelTa Soris iyvnen sulTnis colni da Svilni. TviTon sulTani sikvdiliT dasajes. didi simdidre jor-aqlemebs akides, ukan igive gza amovles da `ZlevaSemosilni~ nugeSiscemiT aniss miadgnen. Samqorsa da basianSi gamarjvebebma qarTvelTa mxedroba daarwmuna, rom siaxloves ar arsebobda erTiani Zala, romelic maT gaumklavdeboda, amitom samefo karma gadawyvita, moewyo Soreuli laSqroba iranSi, rac mTel rig politikur da ekonomikur miznebs isaxavda. 24 Taya Tmogvelis xuTasi rCeuli yvelaferi ase daiwyo: Zmebi zaqaria da ivane mxargrZelebi da varam gageli mefeT-mefe Tamars eaxlnen da moaxsenes: `Zliero xelmwifeo, SaravandedTa Soris umetes aRmobrwyinebulo! ixile samefo Seni da scan simxne da siqvele spaTa SenTa... ubrZane spaTa saqarTvelosaTa mza iyvnen laSqrobad...~ Tamarma yuradRebiT mousmina, eTaTbira amer-imeris didebulebs da laSqroba daadgina. salaSqrod aRWurvilma qarTvelT laSqarma TbilisSi moiyara Tavi. Tamarma piradad Camouara jars, Seamowma misi fizikuri da sulieri mdgomareoba. qarTvelebs win didi da saxifaTo gza edoT. qarTveli meomris simamacis ambavi jer kidev vaxtang gorgaslis dros gamoscades indoeTSi, sadac isini sparselTa jaris SemadgenlobaSi ibrZodnen, magram mas Semdeg didi dro gasuliyo. 25 qarTvelebma gaiares naxWevani, gadalaxes mdinare araqsi da cota xanSi qalaq marands miadgnen. gaegoT ra qarTvelTa miaxloeba, marandelni gaxiznuliyvnen, ase rom, qalaqSi aravin daxvdaT. qarTvelebma ifiqres da daaskvnes, rom marandelTa jari qalaqgareT iqneboda dabanakebuli. amirspasalarma ixmo Tayaidan Tmogveli, didebulTa da aznaurTaArigebidan gamorCeuli 500 mxedari Caabara da aseTi davaleba misca: dawinaurdes, gaerkves Seqmnil mdgomareobaSi, ar Caebas SetakebaSi, mtris aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi Seatyobinos mxedarTmTavars da ZiriTadi laSqris mosvlas daelodoso. xuTaseuli amxedrda, avlo marandis aRmarTi da vakeze avida. rogorc aRmoCnda, arc marandelni msxdaran gulxeldakrefilni. maT qarTvelT moZraoba ar gamohparviaT,Aam razmis erTi dartymiT ganadgureba gadauwyvetiaT da didi ZalebiT Tavs daesxnen.Mmematianes marandelTa raodenobis Sesaxeb cnoba ar Semounaxavs. 26 27 savaraudoa, rom isini bevrad sWarbobdnen 500 qarTvels, magram maTi Canafiqri ar gamarTlda. qarTvelTa winmavalma razmma ise Seutia mters, rom didi nawili daxoca, danarCeni ki gaaqcia da brZolis azartSi Sesuli mas daedevna. amasobaSi, ZiriTadma laSqarmac moaRwia da maT winaSe saocari suraTi gadaiSala: mindori daxocilebiT iyo savse, ,,xuTasi Subi xuTassa kacsa da cxensa ze daesva~. xolo qarTveli, cocxali an mkvdari, erTic arsad sCanda. sagonebelSi Cacvivdnen didebulebica da ubralo meomrebic. mwuxare zaqaria fiqrs miscemoda da momxdari ver aexsna, magram gavida mcire xani da devnisagan udanakargod dabrunda Tmogvelis xuTaseuli. didad gaixares qarTvelebma. yiJinas, milocvebsa da ambis gamokiTxvas bolo ar uCanda. mxolod ori, mdidrulad aRkazmuli raindi Canda moRuSuli – amirspasalari da Taya Tmogveli. 28 pirveli Tmogvels mkacrad afrTxilebda da ujavrdeboda davalebis SeusruleblobisaTvis. meore ki, Tumca Tavis marTlebas fiqrobda, magram vera bedavda. ...mxedrobam gezi qalaq Tavrizisken aiRo. Tavzari daecaT TavrizelT. saswrafod Seikribnen da daadgines, xarkis micemiT, ZRveniTa da xvewna-mudariT `daemSvidebinaT qarTvelni~. marTlac, qalaqis warCinebulebma uTvalavi oqro da vercxli, Tval-margaliti, Sesamoseli, laSqris sakvebi, cxenebi, jorebi da aqlemebi moarTves. aivso simdidriT didgvarovanica da udidgvaroc. TviT mravlismnaxvelni zaqaria da ivane mxargrZelebic ver faravdnen gaocebas. Seiwyales da Seivrdomes qarTvelebma Tavrizelni, mcvelni dauyenes da gza ganagrZes, romelic qalaq mianamde gadioda. mianelTa meliqma TavrizelTa magaliTs mibaZa, didi simdidris sanacvlod mSvidoba iTxova da miiRo kidec. 29 Aaqac mcvelTaArazmi Caayenes qarTvelebma da gezi samxreTisken aiRes. Tumca Soreulma laSqrobam, misma tempma Tavisi gaitana da meomrebic daiRalnen. simdidriT datvirTul laSqars winsvla uZneldeboda da samSobloSi dabruneba gadawyvites. gzad yvela dapyrobili didi saCuqrebiT xvdeboda. bolos moawies Tbiliss. didad gaixares qarTvelebma. Tvalcremlianma mefeT-mefe Tamarma mTeli Rame RvTis samadlobel locvaSi gaatara, Semdeg yvela mefuri guluxvobiT daasaCuqra da daSla ubrZana. miuxedavad imisa, rom Tamaris dros qarTuli saxelmwifo uZleveli da warmatebuli iyo, TviTon mefe gaxldaT Zalze Tavmdabali, mowyale da Semwynarebeli, WeSmariti patroni Tavisi qveynisa, samagaliTo qristiani, romelic samefoSi yvelas uyvarda – glexs Tu didgvarovans. misi saxeli qarTvelTa salocavi gaxda, xolo misi droindeli saqarTvelo _ mudmivi ocnebis sagani! 30 `vefxistyaosani~ da Tamari SoTa rusTavelis Sesaxeb xom gsmenia? ramdenime aforizmi zepiradac ici? Zalian kargi. `vefxistyaosani~ ukvdavi nawarmoebia da saqarTvelos erT-erTi saganZuri. bevrma zepirad icoda da icis, mis aforizmebs xSirad iyenebdnen da iyeneben Taobebis aRsazrdelad; igi aswavlida da aswavlis moyvasisadmi siyvaruls, megobrobas, samSoblosaTvis Tavdadebas, sikeTes, borotebis winaaRmdeg brZolas, ukeTesi momavlisTvis zrunvas, siaxlis damkvidrebas. SoTa rusTavelis Sesaxeb biografiuli cnobebi ar Semonaxula, amitom misi saxeli idumal samoselSia gaxveuli. `vefxistyaosnis~ prologSi, anu winaTqmaSi avtori orjer axsenebs sakuTar Tavs: `davje, rusTvelman gavleqse~... da `me, rusTveli xelobiTa viqm saqmesa ama dari~. 31 mecnierebi sruli ueWvelobiT amboben, rom ,,vefxistyaosnis~ avtori saxelad SoTa, zedwodebiT rusTaveli, yofila Tamar mefis Tanamedrove didgvarovani feodali, mesxeTis an hereTis rusTavis mflobeli, saidanac warmodga misi zedwodeba. varaudoben, rom SoTa rusTaveli meTormete saukunis samocian wlebSi daibada. igi unda yofiliyo TorelTa sagvareulos warmomadgeneli, unda sWeroda meWurWleTuxucesis Tanamdeboba. mecnierebi imasac fiqroben, rom rusTavelma xandazmulobaSi SeakeTebina ierusalimis jvris monasteri, moaxatvina misi svetebi da am RvawlisTvis SoTas saxeli monastris sulTa mosaxseniebel wignSi Seitanes, xolo gumbaTs qvemoT erTerT svetze Cveni didi poetis freskac moaTavses. is patara zomisaa da masze qarTveli moxuci didebuli daCoqili da xelapyrobili mlocvelis saxiTaa gamosaxuli. iqvea misi vinaobis damadasturebeli warwerac. 32 SoTa rusTavelis saxels uamravi legenda, Tqmuleba, xalxuri leqsi ukavSirdeba, romelTa mixedviT mas unda eswavla iyalToSi, xolo Semdeg bizantiaSi, manganis akademiaSi. Cven es danamdvilebiT ar viciT, magram `vefxistyaosani~ aSkarad adasturebs poetis Rrma ganaTlebas, usazRvro poetur SesaZleblobebsa da niWierebas. Cvenamde ar Semonaxula SoTa rusTavelis sxva nawarmoebebi. `vefxistyaosnis~ xelnawerebi mxolod XVI s-is miwurulsa da Semdgomi xanidanaa moRweuli. poema pirvelad daibeWda vaxtang VI-is mier daarsebul stambaSi, TbilisSi, 1712 wels, vaxtang meeqvsisave redaqciiTa da komentarebiT. ,,vefxistyaosnis~ personaJebi ucxo qveynebis mcxovrebni arian, magram poemaSi realurad saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivi cxovrebaa asaxuli. 33 indoeTisa da arabeTis samefo karze ganviTarebuli movlenebi saocrad hgavs XII s-is meore naxevris saqarTvelos samefo karis viTarebas: samivegan xelmwifed zis pirovneba, visac RmerTma ar uboZa vaJi, hyavs mxolod asuli, romelic unda gaxdes saxelmwifo taxtis mflobeli da gaxdeba kidec. imasac ambobdnen, rom SoTas Tamar mefe hyvarebia upasuxod da misTvis miuZRvnia es didebuli nawarmoebi. rogorc ar unda iyos, `vefxistyaosani~ qarTvelebisTvis diadi saganZuria, cxovrebis megzuri da maswavlebeli. didi imedi maqvs Seni! darwmunebuli var, Seiyvareb am didebul nawarmoebs da gaufrTxildebi mas! 34 35 t Semdegi wigni seria ibeWdeba 15 nawilad jvarcmuli saqarTvelo wigni meaTe l Salva da ivane axalcixelebi l ` Savleg, Seni Savi Coxa...~ ljalaledinis laSqroba l asi aTasi wamebuli l cotne dadiani l demetre meore Tavdadebuli l wminda mowame nikoloz dvali redkolegia: redaqtori lela zurebiani kompiuteruli uzrunvelyofa daTo mosiaSvili mxatvari zviad gogolaZe stilisti Tamuna beraZe Jurnal `batibutas~ biblioTeka misamarTi: Tbilisi, diRomi 7; www.batibuta.ge e-mail:[email protected] tel: 218-42-32 ISBN 978-9941-0-5103-6 (yvela nawili) ISBN 978-9941-0-6040-3 (mecxre nawili)
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