gurbwxI aucwrx (Gurbani Ucharan)
A Comprehensive Course in Understanding
the Principals of Gurbani Reading
A SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI ACADEMY
PUBLICATION
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GURBANI UCHARAN
(A Comprehensive Course in Gurbani Pronunciation )
Prepared & Published by:
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
“Aayoo sunan paren ko Bani”
The mortal has come to this world to hear and utter the Guru’s word.
In 1708, our beloved 10th Master Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, blessed us with an everlasting gift of
life - DHAN SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI.
The alphabet, content and the message of the one Almighty was presented to us directly by our
Gurus. Sikhs are truly blessed with an original and authentic source.
Gurbani is our Guru. Reading and understanding His message is our first step towards knowing
our Guru.
The Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Trust was specifically set-up to address this need - to
develop a systematic modular method for Gurmat Studies that helps bring Gurbani to everyone.
Today, the Academy brings to you a systematic and comprehensive Gurmat education syllabus
organized in a modular format, tailored to today’s lifestyle.
The Academy’s programs are designed with the aim of developing learned Sikhs who will be able
to read and understand Gurbani, have pride in their rich heritage and celebrate the greatness of
the Sikh religion.
The Academy currently offers the following courses:
•
•
•
•
•
Learn Gurmukhi in 3-months Course
Gurmukhi Reading Course
Gurbani Foundation Course
Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course
Advance diploma in Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course
Learn Gurmukhi in 3-months Course
This course is designed for adults. Using speed learning techniques and the phonics method, a
beginner with no previous knowledge of the Gurmukhi alphabet is taught to read Sri Japji Sahib
over a period of 12 hours. The course is conducted over a period of 12 weekends. This method has
been tried and tested and over 1,100 students, with little or no knowledge of Gurmukhi, were able
to read Sri Japji Sahib in front of the entire congregation. !!!
Gurmukhi Reading Course
This course is presented to students who have successfully completed the Learn Gurmukhi in 3months and for those who wish to improve their fluency reading in Gurmukhi.
Gurbani Foundation Course
Designed for individuals with basic and intermediate knowledge of Gurmukhi, this course is to
introduce foundation knowledge for the reading of Gurbani. This is an interactive course that
works on developing confidence and interest of the participant. The focus will be on the
pronunciation of alphabets, practice of muharni and understanding Gurmukhi phonics.
With only 12 hours of investment over 6 weeks, the student will be able to read fluently Sri Japji
Sahib, Anand Sahib, Kirten Sohila, Dekhni Ongkaar, Vaar (Majh & Ramkali), Bhagat Bani,
Sehaskriti and Gatha. In addition, short sakhis from the live of Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji will be
shared with the students.
Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (“SGGS”) Course
This course is designed to give students a comprehensive knowledge on the reading and deeper
understanding of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji as well as an in-depth history of the Bhagats and Gurus.
•
SGGS reading – provide the essential techniques and knowledge in reading Gurbani with
proper pronunciations and punctuations. The subject is delivered over 8-volumes which
covers Ang 1 to Ang 1430 of Sri Guru Granth Granth Sahib Ji, with guided notes on
pronounciation and punctuations. The delivery adopts a collective interactive method to
encourage students to read in a group and thereby improve by listening. Includes a line-byline English Translation based on Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji translation with added information
in simple day to day English language
•
Understanding Gurbani – uses a contemplative learning method to enhance the understanding
by describing the word, adding on the line-by-line approach and the entire shabad’s
conceptual meaning. Includes learning the historical facts to when Gurbani was recited.
•
Sikh History – adopts inventive (resourceful) method which emphasises the learning of Sikh
history including major milestones that helped shape the course of the Sikh religion. The
syllabus contains various authentic historical references
Advance Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (“SGGS”) Course
This course is designed to give students a comprehensive knowledge in relation to the following:
•
Gurbani Pronounciation
•
Gurbani Kav
•
Gurbani Viakaran
•
Gurbani Raag
The above is delivered over 2 years, through 4 semesters.
The course is conducted over 4 years, divided into 8 semesters (17 weeks per semester) = 48
months = 128 weeks = 256 hours only
All these courses provide a means for Sikhs to understand their religion, learn about their heritage
and most importantly, connect us with the Almighty
Currently, over 1,000 students are pursuing this course at our Academy Centers
A must for every Sikh who wants to know his Guru and HIS divine philosophy that today stands
as an example before the world.
The syllabus is prepared by Sikh Scholars based on universally accepted references within the Sikh
Diaspora.
To-date the Academy has received the following accrediation:
Nov 2006
-Singh Sahib Giani Jaswinder Singh Ji - Head Granthi of Sri Harminder Sahib,
Amritsar, approves & releases the Academy’s syllabus.
Mar 2007
-Takht Sri Harminder, Patna Sahib gives official recognition (Perman Petar) to the
Academy, endorses Academy’s materials and appoints Bhai Paramjit Singh Ji as
Jatherdar.
Dec 2008
-Singh Sahib Bhai Gurbachan Singh Ji, Jatherdar of Sri Akal Takhat Sahib, grants
Akal Takhat Sahib’s official recognition (Perman Petar) to the Academy
-Singh Sahib Giani Balwant Singh, Nandgarh - Jatherdar, Takhat Damdama Sahib,
Sabo Ki Talwandi, endorses Academy's work and materials.
Dec 2010
Dec 2010
-Singh Sahib Giani Kulwant Singh - Jatherdar, Takhat Sachkhand Sri Hazur Sahib,
Nanded.
Jun 2011
-Singh Sahib Giani Tarlochan Singh - Jatherdar, Takhat Sri Keshgarh Sahib, Sri
Anandpur Sahib (Ropar), endorses Academy's work and materials.
These courses are now offered in Malaysia, Thailand and Australia with ongoing deliberations for
set in India, Indonesia, New Zealand and United Kingdom, in collaboration with local Gurdwaras
and Sikh Societies.
Join the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy to read Gurbani, understand Gurbani and learn the
History of our Gurus. It is the divine route towards a spiritual enlightened life which gives a
precise meaning to life by which the reality of truth is understood through our eternal Guru. This
will lead us to a blissful, contented, merciful, faithful and meaningful life.
The entire syllabus is prepared based on globally accepted references within Sikh communities
across the globe.
Academy Centres
Malaysia
Currently, over 800 students are attending these courses at the Academy’s headquarters in Wisma
Tatt Khalsa, Kuala Lumpur and 28 centres all over Malaysia. The age group of the students ranges
from as young as 5 to 70-years old. Here you will see families coming together once a week to
attend classes, thus encouraging family bonding in accordance to the famous phrase - “A family
that prays together stays together” (in this case learns Gurbani together).
Bangkok, Thailand
December, 2008 saw the Academy branching out to Bangkok, Thailand. We currently have close
to 150 students who are currently undertaking the Learn Gurmukhi in 3 months, Gurbani
Foundation Course and the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Diploma course.
Australia
In April 2009, His Excellency Singh Sahib Gyani Gurbachan Singh Ji, the Jathedar of Sri Akaal
Takhat Sahib, Amritsar launched the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy centres in Melbourne,
Sydney, Brisbane and Adelaide.
In September 2009, Mr John Brumby, the Victorian Premier launched the commencement of
classes in Blackburn Gurdwara, Melbourne.
We currently have four centers with active classes in Melbourne, Brisbane, Gold Coast,
Woolgoolga and Murwillumbah. The other centers are expected to commence classes soon once
the logistic matters are sorted.
Do join the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy to develop your spiritual interest. Learn to read
Gurbani and relate it with the history of our Gurus, in order to have a better understanding of
Gurbani. It is through Gurbani that we learn to live a more virtuous life. It is the divine route
towards a spiritually enlightened life by which the reality of truth is realized through our eternal
Guru. This is the true path to a blissful, contented, merciful and meaningful life.
All you need to bring along is the thirst for knowledge and your commitment to achieve your
goal, for Bhai Gurdass Ji says in his Kabit 111:
Charan saran gur aek paindaa jaa-i chal
Satgur kot paindaa aagay ho-i layt hai
Walk even one step towards the Feet of the Guru;
And the True Guru will walk millions of steps to welcome you.
To Know Your Guru, Is To Love Your Guru
PREFACE
The Gurmukhi Ucharan course aims to provide basic information on the rules of
pronounciation for Gurbani reading and the composition structure of Sri Guru Granth
Sahib Ji.
The Course is delivered in two (2) parts which is to prepare the students for Gurbani
Foundation course and Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course. The first part consist of three
(3) module is delivered in three (3) consecutive weeks over 4.5 hours after the
succussful completion of Gurmukhi Reading Course. The second part is delivered in
five (5) consecutive weeks over 7.5 hours lecture time after the successful completion
of Gurbani Foundation Course. At the end of the course, you will gain a thorough
appreciation of the pronounciation rules that are applicable in reading Gurbani in the
most simple and effective way. This effectively changes the way Gurbani reading was
traditionally thought. In the past, the method was rote learning whereby you will
need to memorize each and every pronounciation. With the knowledge obtain from
this course, you will be able to understand and appreciate the rules and the rationale
behind the pronounciation. The focus is on the application of the rules, rather than
pronouncitation by memory. The entire syllabus is prepared based on the reading
guide recommended by Sri Akal Takhat Sahib, Amritsar and as practiced in Sri
Harmandhir Sahib, Amritsar. This book marks the first ever such course presented in
modular form.
Ideally, the course is for those who have completed the Learn Gurmukhi in 3 months
course and Gurmukhi reading or individuals who have basic Gurbani reading literacy.
We would like to stress that this is a modest attempt to contribute to the Sikh
community and whilst every effort has been taken to ensure that the quality and
accuracy of the information is of the highest standards, there is still room for
improvements.
We also look forward to your valuable feedback so that we can improve this 1st
edition. We are a very young group and thus have a lot to learn and improve. It is
only with the Blessings of our beloved Guruji and HIS beloved Gursikhs that we will
be able to improvise the current work in the service of Khalsa Panth.
In the service of Khalsa Panth
Editorial Board
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Malaysia
SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI ACADEMY
gurbwxI aucwrx- Bwg 1
GURBANI UCHARAN
COURSE- PART 1
A Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Publication
gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 1-1
Content
1.0
gurbwxI dw Adb
2.0
Respect of Gurbani
3.0
Introduction of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s
Structure
4.0
Need for the knowledge of Pronunciation.
5.0
Pronunciation of Gurmukhi Letters
6.0
suAr (Vowels)
7.0
ivAMjn (Consonant)
8.0
lgW-mwqRW (Syllable)
9.0
suAr-lgW mwqRW (Vowel-Syllable)
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
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gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1
Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
1.0. gurbwxI dw Adb
dsW hI srUpW ivc siqgurW ny gurbwxI dw bhuq Adb, siqkwr qy BY r`iKAw
[ ijvyN siqgurW ny gurbwxI dw siqkwr kIqw hY iqvyN swƒ vI krnw cwhIdw
hY [ gurbwxI dw siqkwr qy Adb leI kuJ ku hyT ilKy inXm jrUrI hn:1.
ieSnwn kry qoN ibnW, joVy vwly pYr Doqy qoN ibnW Aqy jurwbW qy dsqwny
pihx ky kdy vI siqgurU jI dI qwibAw nhIN bYTxw cwhIdw [
2.
mMUh, pYr, kCihrw Awid ƒ h`Q lwky KwrS krky Awky ig`ly, mYly qy
QMdy h`Q gurU mhwrwj jI dy srUp, poQI gutky Awid ƒU nhIN lwauxy [
3.
qwibAw bYiTAW ielwiecI, imsrI jW koeI hor vsqU Awid nhIN KwxI[
qwibAw bYTw isMG Awpxy Q`ly g`dI nw ivCwey [
4.
cOkVI mwr ky is`Dw bYTy, mMjI swihb qy kUhxIAW nw r`Ky [ ipCwhW h`t
ky sdw Awpxy shwry bYTxw hY[
5.
dsW hI pwqSwhIAW dI Awqimk joiq ‘sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI’ pRq`K
ibrwj rhy hn ieauN Bwvnw krky gurbwxI dI AwigAw mMnxI hY [
<> qoN lYky ‘ATwrh ds bIs’ qk gurbwxI qy gurU BwvnI krnI hY[
6.
gurU mhwrwj swihb AlmwrI iv`c nhIN sgoN sw& suQry hvwdwr kmry
ivc plMG qy ibrwjmwn krny cwhIdy hn [
7.
ijs pwlkI ivc scy pwqSwh jI dw pRkwS hovy iek cMdoAw (cwnxI)
aus dy ivc Aqy iek vfw cMdoAw (cwnxI) aupr hoxw AiqAMq jrUrI hY
[ ikauNik siqgurU jI cvr CRq qKq dy mwlk jo hoey [
“qKiq bYTw Arjn gurU
siqgur kw iKvY cMdoAw”
(sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI AMg 968)
8.
ijs kmry ivc pRkwS jW suK Awsx hovy auQy jW bwhr mhwrwj jI dy
swhmxy mMjw Awid kdy nhI fwhuxw, kyvl BUmAwsx krnw hY [ AQvw
sPW ivCw ky bYTxw hY [
“hir nwmY ky hovhu joVI
gurmuiK bYshu sPw ivCwie ]”
(sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI AMg 1185)
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
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gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1
Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
9.
jdoN vI siqgurU jI dI svwrI Awvy jW gurU sMgq Dur kI bwxI dw
kIrqn krdI Awvy ausy vyly pYroN joVw auqwr ky dovyN h`Q joV ky, auT ky
siqkwr krnw cwhIdw hY [
10. siqgurU jI dI svwrI nwl pMj isMG nMgy crxIN hox[ iek isMG cOr
kry Aqy iek isMG A`gy jl iCVkdw jwvy [
11. poQI jW gutky qoN pwT kridAW DrqI qy kpVw ivCw ky aupr bYTxw
cwhIdw hY [ dUijAW dy mMijAW qy bYiTAW qoN aunW dy ipCy, nIvyN QW jW
Q`ly bih ky kdy vI pwT nhIN krnw [
12. ividAwrQIAW ƒU sMiQAw krwaux vwlw srHwxy v`l jW aucI QW qy nW
bYTy [
13. gurbwxI dIAW poQIAW, gutky, dsm dI bwxI, BweI gurdws jI dI
bwxI, dw v`D qoN v`D siqkwr krnw cwhIdw hY Aqy gurmiq bwry hor
ijMny vI gRMQ hox sB dw siqkwr krnw hY[ Awm pusqkW ivc jW aunHW
dy Q`ly nhIN rKxw [
14. aupr suMdr colIAW (kpVw) cVHw ky ivc plkW r`K ky, qxIAW vwly jW
hor qrIky nwl pUrn qOr qy swP suQry rumwilAW ivc sMqoK ky au~cI
Aqy piv`qr jgHw qy r`Kxw cwhIdw hY [
15. pYrIN juqI pwky, nMgy ipMfy Aqy nMgy isr kdy vI poQI gutky Awid nhIN
pVHny [
16. ijs bksy ivc poQIAW hox aus ivc mYlw bsqr, kCihrw, KVwvW
Awidk nhIN pwauxIAW [
17. GrW ivc gurbwxI dIAW poQIAW, gutky Awid srHwxy vwly pwsy, aupr
swP suQrI QW rKxy cwhIdy hn [
18. siqgurU jI dy srUp, poQIAW gutky Awid ivc kwgz, Dwgy jW AMg ƒ
mroVn dI inSwnI nhI rKxIN [
19. pwT kridAW AMg hmySW auprly pwisEN s`jy h`Q nwl pltxw cwhIdw
hY[
20. sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI auqy kImqI, suMdr, swP suQry rumwly Bytw krny
cwhIdy hn [
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
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gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1
Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
21. siqgurU jI auqy cOr krnw, Aqr iCVkxw, Pu`l cVOHxy, Awid syvw
krnI cwhIdI hY [
22. ijnHW AKbwrW, rswilAW, ikqwbW Awid gurbwxI dy Sbd ilKy hox
iqnW ƒ lPwPy, r`dI Awid dI vrqoN ivc nhIN ilAwauxw Aqy pYrW ivc
nhIN rulx dyxw cwhIdw [
23. jMgl mYdwn vwly bsqR mhwrwj jI dI qwibAw nhI ljwxy, dUjy bdl
ky jW Do ky, sukw ky pihn ky jwxw hY [
aupRokq siqkwr pMjwb dy pMjy qKqW qy, sRI hrimMdr swihb Aqy hor
ieqhwsk AsQwnW qy A`j vI kIqw jWdw hY[
siqkwr Xog swD sMgq jIE, siqgurU jI dI bwxI dw ies qoN v`D ijMnw vI ho
sky Adb qy siqkwr krnw cwhIdw hY[ ijs krky mhwrwj jI dI swfy qy
Apwr ikRpw hovygI Aqy swfy qy byAMq bKiSsW krngy [
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
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Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
2.0. Respecting Gurbani
bwxI gurU gurU hY bwxI ivic bwxI AimRqu swry ]
guru bwxI khY syvku jnu mwnY prqiK gurU insqwry ]
"The Word, the Bani is Guru, and Guru is the Bani. Within the Bani, the Ambrosial
Nectar is contained. If His humble servant believes, and acts according to the Words
of the Guru's Bani, then the Guru, in person, emancipates him." (SGGSJ Ang 982)
ijn BY Adb n bwnI Dwrw ] jwnhu so isK nhI hmwrw ]20]
"That person who does not respect and fear Gurbani cannot be my Sikh."
(Gurpartap Suraj Granth)
At Sri Anandpur Sahib, a Singh read a verse of Gurbani wrongly. Guru Gobind Singh
Sahib Ji remark to him was, "0 Singh! You are breaking my limbs." This is why Guru
Sahib Ji taught and explained the meanings and correct discourses of Gurbani to a number
of Singhs. The chosen Singhs then passed on this knowledge, understanding and correct
pronunciation of Gurbani subsequently to fellow Sikhs. The tradition of disseminating
knowledge from Sikhs to Sikhs continues till today .
is~Khu sunhu sIK iehu myrI [ bwnI pVhu Su~D gur kyrI [
pFY mhwqm lhY ibswl [ hliq pliq mih hoie inhwl [28[
"Oh Sikhs, listen to this teaching - recite Gurbani correctly (i.e. pronounce it correctly).
Read it and obtain many pleasures, here and in the hereafter." (Gurpartap Suraj Granth)
Satguruji gave the utmost respect to Gurbani in all his ten forms. Similarly, we should
also show the same respect.
The following are some pointers to practice when handling this Santhia Pothee or any
other form containing Gurbani:
a) Clean ourselves (take a bath, wash hands & feet, etc) before handling the Pothee
(volumes of the Granth) or Gutka sahibs (collections of banis).
b) When seated to recite Gurbani take notice not to touch any part of your body (mouth,
face, nose, ears, feet, etc.) with bare hands if need arise a towel or handkerchief shall
be used. Avoid using wet, dirty or oily hands.
c) Whilst seating to recite Gurbani, refrain from eating or drinking. Avoid using any
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Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
extra cushion while sitting to recite Gurbani on Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji palanquin.
d) While sitting on Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s palanquin one should refrain from
placing elbows or rest any part of the body on Manji Sahib.
e) To follow all the teaching of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji from the begining till the end.
f)
Do not rest Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji in a closed cupboard but on a comfortable bed
in a clean room in comfortable room with appropriate atmosphere.
g) In which palanquin (Palki) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji sits, a canopy (Chandoa) shall
be fixed above and an extra clean cloth shall be lay underneath the palanquin only.
h) Upon arrival and departure of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, everyone should remove
their footwares, arise from their seats and stand, while placing thier hands together.
i)
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s palanquin should be accompanied by five (5) Gursikhs
whereby one of them shall do the Chaur and another sparkling clean water in front of
Guru Ji’s palanquin.
j)
When doing Paath from a Pothi or Gutka, sit on a clean place. When you recite the
bani at home, in the presence of another person or persons, who are sitting on a chair
or sofa, then you should proceed to sit on a chair or sofa as well. This is because no
one should sit at a level higher than the Gurbani Pothi.
k) Whilst reciting Gurbani, do not sit directly behind anybody (i.e. with their back to
you).
l)
Place all Gutkas and Pothis of Gurbani on a higher, clean and proper place as these
Pothis contain divine knowledge. If you need to place the volumes of the SGGS
Pothia with other non-Gurbani books, then, ensure that the Gurbani pothia are placed
on the upper shelves followed by other books in the lower shelves of a cupboard.
m) When not in use, wrap the Gurbani Pothies in a clean piece of cloth.
n) Cover your head and remove your shoes before you start reciting Gurbani from a
Gutka or Pothi.
o) Do not place dirty clothes, undergarments and footwears in the same bag as the
Gurbani Pothis or Gutka.
p) Avoid folding any page of the gutka or Gurbani Pothi (Sanchi) or the ang of Sri Guru
Granth Sahib Ji or placing a bookmark.
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q) Always flip the Ang (page) of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Gutka and Pothi fron the top
right hand cornerusing the right hand.
r)
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji should be offered with clean, beautiful rumalas as well as
with non-alcohol and perfume.
s)
All printed materials which consist Gurbani or Gurmukhi shall be handle with
respect.
t)
Please ensure, bags that have pothees in it should not be kept on the ground.
u) When doing revision from this pothee, place a clean cloth on the ground before
placing the “reel” for the pothee to be placed.
v) When seated to recite bani, take notice not to touch your feet with your bare hands
instead a clean cloth or handkerchief should be used.
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Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
3.0. Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s Basic Structure
3.1. Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji with customary format has a total of
1430 Ang (pages).
3.2. The format is written with a landscape orientation.
3.3. Gurbani is written 31 Ragas.
3.4. There are 19 lines of text per Ang (page). However, many ang
(pages) with headlines (starting with new raag) have less than
19 lines per ang (page).
3.5. Total number of lines are 26,852.
3.6. Total number of words are 398,697.
3.7. Total dictionary words are 29445 (these are the words that
have been used again and again to make the whole text).
Many of these words have been used only once.
3.8. The word that has been repeated most often is ‘hir’. It has
been repeated for 9,288 times.
3.9. No punctuation marks like comma, semicolon or colon have
been used. The mark that has been used is ‘]’ which means
full stop.
3.10. No 'Adhak' charcated have been used.
3.11. No 'Paireen Bindi' character (dot at the bottom of character)
have been used.
3.12. A number of half characters (that fall at the bottom of other
characters) that are not used in modern Punjabi have been
used { @ (1188), † (10), ˜ (11), ´ (268), œ (13), ç (5) }.
3.13. Aounkarh and Dulainkarh { ü (169), ¨ (20) } characters
have also been used under half characters. This is normally
not done in the present day Punjabi.
3.14. The 'Ik Oang Kaar' (<>) character have been repeated for
568 times.
3.15. A unique and detailed numbering system has been adopted
for each Raag.
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Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
4.0
ivSyS kwrn (Need for the knowledge of
Pronunciation)
1. gurmuKI il`pI dy A`KrW, lgW, lgwKrW dw aucwrx auhnW dI
insicq DunI Anuswr hovy, ^ws krky SbdWiqk lgW dw
aucwrx Su`D rUp ivc auTwieAw jwvy[
2. SbdW dy ipCyqr-sÍrW dw gurbwxI dy lg-mwqRI nymW ADIn
nwiskqw dy p~KoN aucwrx Su`D hovy[
3. pwT krn smyN juVq-pdW dy inKVvyN Sbd-joV TIk bxwey
jwx[
4. lMmIAW qukW dw aucwrx kridAW, auhnW ƒ soRiqAW dy sihly
smJ gocry krn leI Aqy ArQ-Bwv inKyVn leI kuJ BwgW
ivc vMf ky Aqy Xog QwvyN Alp Aqy ArD-ibsRwm dy ky kIqw
jwvy[
1. The pronunciation of Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants and
Syllables must in its original sound especially for the
words with consonants and syllables.
2. The exact pronunciation of the Vowels at the end of a
word together with the associated syllable.
3. To break a long word into its appropriate division for
perfect pronunciation with the reflection of its exact
meaning.
4. To punctuate correctly while reading the long sentenances
with comma (alap) and semi-colan (aradh) with the guide
of the hymn language, poetry, tune and meanings.
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
Page 16
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1
Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
5.0
a
k
c
t
q
p
X
Pronunciation of Gurmukhi Letters
A
K
C
T
Q
P
r
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
e
g
j
f
d
b
l
Page 17
s
G
J
F
D
B
v
h
|
\
x
n
m
V
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1
Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
A`Kr dy AsQwn :
A`Kr
AsQwn
k, K , g , G
koml qwlU - gly AsQwn iv`coN
|
auprly A`KrW dI Avwz nwlo QoVHI ijhI koml qwlU Aqy
gLy dy QilE ilAw ky is`DI n`k rwhI ilAw ky bolxI hY[
c,C,j,J
zbwn qwlU-bUt nwl lgdI hY [ C~Cw = mUMh dI hvw
bwhr ƒ k~FxI hY [
t , T , f , F,
V
aultwvIN jIB
p,P,b,B
bulW qoN
s, n, r. l
bu`t qy jIB nwl
m
bul qy n`k
h
kMT-duAwrw (surXMqr)
H
glw
q , Q , d , D,
dMdw qy jIB
S , ^ , & , z , ieh A`Kr poly ijhy bolxy hn [ zbwn qwlU nwl nhIN
Z,L,
l`gx dyxI [ iehnW A`KrW nwl mgro QoVHI ijhI AYVy dI
Avwz bolxI hY KA KwA, gA gwA, PA PwA[
S,z
bolx l`igAW mgroN AYVy dI Avwz boldI hY [ SA sAw
(sX sXw) zA jAw (jX jXw)
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
Page 18
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1
Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
A`Kr
AsQwn
^,Z
iehnW dI Avwz gly iv`coN polI ijhI ilAwaxI hY [ bu`l
nhI juVHn dyxy iehnW A`KrW nwl mgro QoVHI ijhI AYVy
dI Avwz bolxI hY KA KwA, gA gwA, PA PwA[
&
bu`lW iv`coN polI ijhI ilAwaxI hY[ bu`l nhI juVHn dyxy
L
polw ijhw bolxw hY zbwn qwlU nwl nhI lwaxI
X
bolx l`igAW vI zbwn qwlU nwl nhI l`gx dyxI [ zbwn
QlVy pwsy hI rihx dyxI hY[
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
Page 19
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1
Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
6.0.
suAr (Vowels)
il`pI dy auh icMnH jo Awpxy Awp qoN boly qy ijs dy aucwrx ivc
koeI do AMg Awps ivc sprS nw krn[ gurmuKI vrnmwlw dy
a, A Aqy e ieh iqMn A`Kr hn[ jd ik suAr-DunIAW dy
aucwrx ivc swh iksy rukwvt bgYr hI mUMh ivcly koeI do AMg
Awps ivc sprs nhIN krdy hn[
A speech sound, such as ( ) or ( ), created by the
relatively free passage of breath through the larynx and
oral cavity, usually forming the most prominent and
central sound of a syllable.A letter, such as a, A and e
in the Gurmukhi alphabet, that represents a vowel.
7.0.
ivAMjn (Consonant)
DunIAW swh dy rsqy ivc jIB jW mUMh dy iksy hor AMg duAwrw
auqpMn huMdIAW hn Aqy ijs dw aucwrx suAr dI shwieqw nwl
huMdw hY[
A speech sound produced by a partial or complete
obstruction of the air stream by any of various
constrictions of the speech organs. In Gurmukhi such
consonant are s to r .
8.0.
i
u
y
o
lgW-mwqRW (Syllable)
mukqw
ishwrI
AONkV
lW
hoVw
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
w
I
U
Y
O
Page 20
kMnw
ibhwrI
dulYNkV
dulwvW
knOVw
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1
Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
aupRokq icMnW ƒ ies leI lgW AwKdy hn ik ieh suAr nwl
l`gdy hn Aqy mwqRW ies leI ik ieh suArW dy aucwrx ivc
l`gx vwly smyN dw nwp d`sdy hn[
A unit of spoken language consisting of a single
uninterrupted sound formed by a vowel, diphthong 1, or
syllabic consonant alone, or by any of these sounds
preceded, followed, or surrounded by one or more
consonants.
One or more letters or phonetic symbols written or
printed to approximate a spoken syllable. In Gurmukhi,
each syllable represents one and only one sound
whereas in English a single or a cluster syllable
generally represents more than one sound.
9.0.
suAr-lgW mwqRW (Vowel-Syllable)
suArI A`KrW (a, A, e) nwl iehnW dIAW AnuswrI lgW imlw
ky hyT il`Ky ds suAr bxdy hn;
A Aw ie eI au aU ey AY E AO
aupoRkq dsW ivc nON suArW dy do-do imlvyN icMnH hn ( iek-iek
A`Kr Aqy iek-iek lg)[ SbdW dI bxqr ivc jdoN ieh
suAr iek`ly; Bwv iksy ivAMjn dI shwieqw qoN bgYr AwauNdy
hn qW iehnW dw aupRokq sgvW (original) rUp hI kwiem
rihMdw hY, pr jdoN ieh ivAMjn A`KrW ƒ l`gdy hn qW suArI
A`KrW (a, A, e) dw ABwv ho jWdw hY Aqy kyvl lgW hI
ivAMjn A`KrW ƒ l`gdIAW hn, ijvyN;
1
A complex speech sound or glide that begins with one vowel and gradually changes to another vowel
within the same syllable, as (oi) in boil or ( ) in fine.
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
Page 21
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1
Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
9.1 sgvyN rUp ivc: Aws, ieSt, eISr, aupmw, aUNG, eykl,
AYb, Et, AOK[
9.2 ivAMjnW nwl sMimlq rUp ivc: pws, ipqr, KIr, hukm,
qUr, kysr, mYgl, lok, DOl[
ncoV (Summary) :
1. suAr A`Kr
a, A, e
(Vowels)-
jo Awpxy Awp qoN boly qy ijs dy aucwrx
ivc koeI do AMg Awps ivc sprS nw
krn
(eg of independent letters )
2. ArD-suAr (SemiVowels)- X, v
jo ArD-suArI DunIAW leI vrqy jWdy
hn[
3. ivAMjn A`Kr
ijs dw aucwrx suAr dI shwieqw nwl
huMdw hY[
(Consonant)-
q`k
s qo r
4. kMT-duAwrI ivAMjn A`Kr
(Consonant)- h
ijs dy aucwrx ivc koeI do mUMh ivcly
AMg Awps ivc sprS nw krn, sgoN
iek-dUjy dy eyny nyVy Aw jWdy hn ik
auhnW ivcwly qMg ijhI JIq hI rih
jWdI hY qy swh ies JIq ivc rgV Kw
ky lMGdw hY[ ies leI ivAMjn huMidAW
‘h’ ivc suArI gux vI mOjUd hn[
5. Anunwsk (nwskI ) A`Kr
ijs dw aucwrx smyN Awvwz n`k QwxIN
(Nasal-Consonant) J , vI inkldI hY[
\, x , n , m
6. dyhlI dIpk A`Kr
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1
A`Kr jo donw pwsy mqlb / ArQ dyvy[
Page 22
gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 1-2
Content
1.0
dIrG qy lgU lgW (Long & Short Syllable)
2.0
ADIn lgW (Depandant Syallable)
3.0
ibMdI Aqy it`pI dw aucwrx (Bindhi & Tippi
Pronunciation)
4.0
sÍrW dIAW lgW (Vowel Syllable)
5.0
lgW dw aucwrx (Syllable Pronunciations)
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
dulwvW ƒ lwvW aucwrx[
ishwrI Aqy ibhwrI dw aucwrx[
dUlYNkV Aqy AONkV dw aucwrx[
lW Aqy dulwvW dw aucwrx[
kMnw dw aucwrx
MODULE 1-3
1.0
gurbwxI dy ibsRwm (Punctuation in Gurbani)
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1
Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants
1.0 dIrG qy lgU lgW
dsW lgW mwqrW ivcoN s`q lgW lMmIAW (dIrG) hn, ijhw ik kMnw (
w) , ibhwrI ( I ), dulYNkV ( U), lW ( y), dulWeIAW ( Y), hoVw ( o)
qy knOVw ( O) qy iqMn CotIAW (lgU), ijhw ik mukqw, ishrI ( i ) qy
AONkV ( u) [
There are ten (10) syllables in Gurmukhi script which are
divided in two (2) categories depanding on the time taken
to pronounce. The two categories knowns as Dhirag (long)
and Lagu (short) are as follows;
1.
dIrG (lMmIAW,
Long)
2.
lgU (CotIAW,
Short)
kMnw ( w), ibhwrI ( I ), dulYNkV ( U), lW
( y), dulWeIAW ( Y), hoVw ( o) qy knOVw (
O)
mukqw, ishwrI ( i ) qy AONkV ( u)
dIrG lgW dw aucwrx dw smW lgU lgW nwloN dugxw hY[
The difference between the Dhirag and Lagu syllable is
the time consume in pronuncing the consonant on
which the syllable is written. Normally the Dhirag
(long) would consume twice the time compared to Lagu
(short).
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 24
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1
Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants
2.0 ADIn lgW (Dependent Syllable)
it`pI ( M ), ibMdI ( N ) qy A`Dk ( ` ) ieh iek qrHW dIAW
shwiek jW ADIn lgW hn[ies qrHW qyrW lgW ivcoN ds lgW mu`K
hn qy iqMn shwiek jW ADIn[
The dependent syllables are used to enhance and
emphasise the sound of a particular consonent or word.
The dependent syllables are ‘Bindhi’, ‘Tippi’ and
‘Adhak’.
a. ibMdI (Bindhi)
lgU (CotIAW) lgW iv`coN isrP AONkV ( u) ƒ ibMdI ( N ) l`gdI hY Aqy
dIrG (lMimAW) lgW iv`coN dulYNkV ( U) qoN ibnW sB ƒ ibMdI ( N )
l`gdI hY[ ies qrHW CyAW dIrG lgW ƒ ibMdI lgdI hY (w, I, y, Y, o,
O) [
b. it`pI (Tippi)
iqMn lgW lgU (CotIAW) hn ijhw ik mukqw, ishwrI qy AONkV[ iehnW
sB ƒ it`pI lgdI hY[ dIrG lgW iv`coN isrP dulYNkV vwly A`Kr ƒ
hI it`pI ( M ) l`gdI hY, ijvyN ‘rMU, ƒ, hMU’, bwkI hor iksy dIrG lgW
ƒ it`pI nhIN lgdI[ ies qrHW ieh iqMn CotIAW hn-mukqw, ishwrI
qy AONkV qy cOQI dulYNkV ƒ hI it`pI lgdI hY[
c. A`Dk (Adhak)
A`Dk hmySW CotI lg ƒ lgdw hY[ A`Dk krky A`Kr dI Avwz
dUhrI (du`gxI) ho jWdI hY qy ieh dUhrI Avwz vwlw A`Kr hmySW
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 25
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1
Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants
lgU (CotI) lg qoN ip`Cy AwauNdw hY, ijvyN ie`t, au~T, A`k Awid
ivc[ lMmI lg qoN ip`Cy A`Dk nhIN lgdw[ huxy huxy AMgryzI dy
A`Kr e dw aucwrn get qy set ivc hY ies aucwrn ƒ
A`Dk lw ky ilK lYNdy hn, ijvyN g`t, s`t ivc[
d. sMKyp (Summary)
The depandant syllables are only applicable exclusively
with selected long and short syllables as shown on the
table below;
ADIn lgW
it`pI ( M )
ibMdI ( N )
A`Dk ( ` )
lgW mwqrW
lgU (CotIAW)
dIrG (lMmIAW)
mukqw, ishwrI ( i )
dulYNkV ( U)
qy AONkV ( u)
AONkV ( u)
kMnw ( w), ibhwrI ( I
), lW ( y), dulWeIAW
( Y), hoVw ( o) qy
knOVw ( O)
mukqw, ishwrI ( i )
qy AONkV ( u)
3.0 ibMdI Aqy it`pI dw aucwrx (Bindhi & Tippi
Pronunciation)
ibMdI Aqy it`pI dw aucwrx iqMn pRkwr dw hMdw hY[ ies dw aucwrx
dUsry A`Kr dy ADwr qy huMdw hY[ sMKyp rUp ivc ies pRkwr hY
Bindhi and Tippi are pronounced in three different sounds.
The sound is depandant on the second letter which appears
after the letter with Bindhi or Tippi.
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 26
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1
Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants
i.
A`Dy nMny dI Avwj (The ‘AN’ Sound)
iehnW A`KrW ivc it`pI qy ibMdI, A`Dy nMny dI Avwz idMdI hY[
When the following letter appears after the letter with
Tippi and Bindhi it produces the ‘AN’ sound
s
D
f
C
ii.
q
n
F
j
Q
t
x
J
d
T
c
\
A`Dy mMmy dI Avwj (The ‘AM’ Sound)
iehnW A`KrW ivc it`pI qy ibMdI, A`Dy mMmy dI Avwj idMdI hY[
When the following letter appears after the letter with
Tippi and Bindhi it produces the ‘AM’ sound
p
B
iii.
P
m
b
A`Dy |MM|y dI Avwj (The ‘NG’ Sound)
iehnW A`KrW ivc it`pI qy ibMdI, A`Dy |MM|y dI Avwj idMdI hY[
When the following letter appears after the letter with
Tippi and Bindhi it produces the ‘NG’ sound.
A
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
k
G
Page 27
K
|
g
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1
Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants
iv.
sMKyp (Summary)
it`pI qy ibMdI dI Avwj
(The sound of Bindhi &
Tippi)
1
A`Dy nMny dI Avwj (The
‘AN’ Sound)
2
A`Dy mMmy dI Avwj (The
‘AM’ Sound)
A`Dy |MM|y dI Avwj (The
‘NG’ Sound)
3
gurbwxI dy sbd (The
words from
Gurbani)
sMq, kMn@, bMiD,
blvMf, sMjmu, AMqu,
inMdw, AMDwru, kuMfw,
DMnu, pMcwiexu, cMdoAw,
hMiF, gMiT, kuMt, pMQu,
KsMm, AMimRq, suAMbr,
gMBIru, sMpY,
AMgd, lMgr, gMg,
sMgqI, mqMg, sMg,
auqMg, AklMk,
EAMkwir, sMGwrY,
AhMkwr, pMK,
4.0 sÍrW dIAW lgW (Vowel Syllable)
id`qIAW geIAW qyrW lgW dI vrqoN jo aupr d`sI hY, auh ivAMjnW
bwry sI[ iksy vI sÍr ƒ ieh qyrW dIAW qyrW lgW nhIN lgdIAW[
sÍr iqMn hn: a, A, e[ ienHW leI lgW dI vrqoN ies qrHW hY:The given thirteen (13) syllables is applicable to the use
on consonants but all these syllables are not used for the
vowels. As we know that there are three vowels ‘a’,
‘A’, ‘e’. The use of syllable on vowel are as shown in
the table below;
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 28
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1
Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants
pihlIAW ds lgW ivcoN ‘a’ ƒ AOkV, dulYNkV qy hoVw lgdw
hY[‘A’ ƒ kMnw, dulweIAW qy knOVw lgdw hY[
‘e’ ƒ ishwrI, ibhwrI qy lW lgdI hY[ ies qrHW nwl ‘a’ ƒ iqMn
lgW iek CotI qy do v`fIAW, ‘e’ ƒ iqMn, iek CotI do v`fIAW[
‘A’ ƒ ‘A’ mukqw smyq cwr iek CotI qy iqMn v`fIAW lgdIAW
hn[ swrIAW ƒ rlw ky ilKIey qW ieh sWJI sqr ies qrHW ilKI
jWdI hY:-
A Aw ie eI au aU ey AY E AO
1
suAr
a
2
A
3
e
lg
AONkV, dulYNkV qy
hoVw
mukqw,
kMnw,
dulweIAW qy knOVw
ishwrI, ibhwrI qy
lW
lgU / dIrG lg
iek CotI ( u) qy do
v`fIAW ( UAqy o)
iek CotI (mukqw) qy
iqMn v`fIAW ( w , Y
Aqy O )
iek CotI ( i ) qy do
v`fIAW ( I Aqy y)
sÍrW ƒ A`Dk lwaux dy nym auho hI hn, ijhVy ivAMjnW leI[
jwxI ik CotIAW lgW qoN ip`CoN hI dUhry aucwrn vwlw A`Kr Aw
skdw hY[ sÍrW ƒ it`pI qy ibMdI lwaux vyly ieh nym p`kI qrHW
lwgU huMdw hY, ik CotIAW lgW leI it`pI qy v`fIAW lgW leI
ibMdI dI vrqoN hMudI hY[ jwxI ik eyQy aU ƒ BI ibMdI lgdI hY
it`pI nhIN[
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 29
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1
Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants
The rules of using ‘Adhak’ on vowel is the same as on
the consonant. The use of long syllable is always after
the use of short syllable on the consonant in a word.
The rule of using ‘Tippi’ and ‘Bindhi’ on vowels are as
follows;
a. Tippi - is always is used on Lagu (short) syllables.
b. Bindhi – is always used on Dhirag (Long) syllables.
5.0 lgW dw aucwrn (Syllable Pronunciation)
lgW mwqrW dw SuD aucwrx iDAwn nwl krnw cwhIdw hY[ AxgihlI kwrn
ieh ZlqIAW ho skdIAW hn[ ijvyN:
The pronunciation of the syllable must be done correctly, the
common mistake made are as follows;
1. dulwvW ƒ lwvW aucwrx[
SuD aucwrx
ASuD (glq) aucwrx
socY
socy
cupY
cupy
hoeIAY
hoeIey
hukmY
hukmy
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 30
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1
Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants
2. ishwrI Aqy ibhwrI dw aucwrx[
SuD aucwrx
ASuD (glq) aucwrx
suixAY
suxIAY
boilAY
bolIAY
vwirAw
vwrIAw
BrIAY
BirAY
qIrQu
iqrQu
kIVI
ikVI
3. dUlYNkV Aqy AONkV dw aucwrx[
SuD aucwrx
ASuD (glq) aucwrx
swbUxu
swbuxu
aUcy
aucy
aupir
aUpir
mUrK
murK
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 31
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gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1
Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants
4. lW Aqy dulwvW dw aucwrx[
SuD aucwrx
ASuD (glq) aucwrx
cupY
cupy
hoeIAY
hoeIey
hukmY
hukmy
iqQY
iqQy
5. kMnw dw aucwrx
SuD aucwrx
ASuD (glq) aucwrx
pwqwl
pqwl
Awdys iqsY Awdys
Adys iqsy Adys
vwpwr
vpwr
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 32
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan
Module 1-3: Punctuation in Gurbani
1.0 gurbwxI dy ibsRwm (Punctuation in Gurbani)
sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dy pwT ivc ibsRwm dw pUrn AsQwn hY[ iesy
leI hryk pMgqI dy AMq ivc ibsRwm-icMnH idqw hoieAw hY Aqy ijQy
iek pdy dw Bwv sMpUrn huMdw hY, EQy AMk id`qw hoieAw hY[
a. ibsrwm dI loV
ibsrwm qoN Bwv hY, Atkxw jW Tihrnw[ hr iek sUJvwn ieh
jwxdw hY, ik iksy ilKq ƒ TIk smJx smJwaux vwsqy
ibsrwm icMnHW dI vrqoN krnI zrUrI huMdI hY[ iesy pRkwr
gurbwxI dy TIk AwSy ƒ smJx AQvw dUjy qweIN smJwaux ihq
TIk QwvW qy ibsrwm lw ky aucwrxW Aqy ArQ boD krnw hI
SoBw idMdw hY[ ibsrwm icMnHW dI AXog vrqoN nwl ArQ dw
AnrQ ho jWdw hY[
Visram (punctuation/pause) means to stop or to
pause. We would agree that in order to understand
any written script, pause signs are important in
understanding the correct meaning of the script. In
the same manner, to understand Gurbani it is vital to
pause correctly when reading, singing, and preaching
Gurbani.
b. iqMn pRkwr dy ibsrwm
gurbwxI dy SuD aucwrx vwsqy iqMn pRkwr dy ibsrwm dw pRXog
kIqw jWdw hY[
Gurbani Path Senthia provides guidance for reading
each line in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, by introducing
three (3) types of visrams: -
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan
Module 1-3: Punctuations in Gurbani
1) Alp ibsRwm (QoVy mwqr rukxw) ijs dw icMnH (inSwn) (,)
id`qw jw skdw hY[ Alap Visram (a short pause). This
is marked in this Guide with a coma ( , )
2) ArD ibsRwm (A~Dw rukxw) ijs dw icMnH (inSwn) (;) id`qw
jw skdw hY[ Ardh Visram ( a slightly longer pause
than alap visram). This is marked in the Guide
with a semicolon ( ; )
3) pUrn ibsRwm (pUrw rukxw) ijs dw icMnH (inSwn) (]) do
fMfIAW hn[ Puran Visram (a full stop). This is
marked in the Guide with a sign (])
gurbwxI ivc pUrn ibsRwm dy icMn do fMfIAW dy rUp ivc siqgurW
ny idqy hoey hn, pr Alp ibsRwm qy ArD ibsRwm dy icMn
(inSwn) nhIN idqy [ so jy ibsRwm lw ky pwT nw krIey qW ArQ
ivc bhuq Prk pY jWdw hY [ aultw ArQ ho jWdw hY[
In Gurbani, Guru Arjan Dev ji has clearly placed the
Puran Visram by using the sign (ll). However, Alap
Visram and Ardh Visram are not marked.
Nonetheless, this does not mean that one should read
a sentence of Gurbani without an appropriate pause.
If we do not apply the correct visram while reading
Gurbani, the meanings meant by Satguru Ji will be
lost and Gurbani can be interpreted inaccurately.
Like for instance, there is a Gurbani verse that goes
like this;
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 34
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan
Module 1-3: Punctuations in Gurbani
c. audwhrx
ijvyN ik:- “guru Arjunu Gir gur rwmdws Bgq auqir AwXau
]”
jy ies pMgqI dw ibsRwm ‘Gir’ auqy krIey qw ArQ bxygw ik
gurU Arjn dyv jI dy Gr, gurU rwmdws jI Bgq auqr ky
Awey[ qW kI pu`qr dy Gr ipqw ny Avqwr lieAw? ikqnw
Prk pY igAw ArQ ivc[ ies pMgqI dw SuD aucwrx ies
pRkwr hY;
“guru Arjunu , Gir gur rwmdws ; Bgq auqir AwXau ]”
pr jy ibsRwm ‘Arjunu’ qy krIey qW TIk ArQ bx jwvygw [
ik gurU Arjn dyv jI, gurU rwmdws dy Gr Bgq auqr ky Awey
[ so pwT Su~D krn vwsqy TIk QW qy ibsRwm hoxw AqI jrUrI hY
[ so ies sMiQAw poQI ivc ijQy ibsRwmW dI loV hY auQy auQy lw
id`qy hn [
ijvyN ik:
socY , soic n hoveI ; jy socI lK vwr ]
If we apply the visram in the above verse at “ghar”
(Gir), the meaning will be, “In Guru Arjan Dev Ji’s
house, Guru Ramdas ji has been born” But this
meaning is flawed as everyone knows that Guru
Arjan Dev Ji is the son of Guru Ramdas Ji and the
actual meaning should be “In the house of Guru
Ramdas ji, Guru Arjan has been born.”.
Hence, the verse should be read with a pause at
(Arjun), and the meaning will correctly flow - “Guru
Arjan, was born in the house of Guru Ramdas ji”.
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 35
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan
Module 1-3: Punctuations in Gurbani
So to ensure our Gurbani reading is accurately paused
and pronounced, the placing of the visram is crucial.
For example,
socY , soic n hoveI ; jy socI lK vwr ]
The Alap Visram ( , ) is placed after the word socY i.e a
short pause is needed here.
An Ardh Visram ( ; ) is placed after hoveI i.e a mid
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3
Page 36
SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI ACADEMY
gurbwxI aucwrx- Bwg 2
GURBANI UCHARAN
COURSE- PART 2
A Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Publication
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 2-1
Content
1.0
d`uq A`Kr (Subscript Consonants)
2.0
d`uq A`KrW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of
Subscript Consonants)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
3.0
hlMq
pYrIN ‘h’
pYrIN ‘X’
pYrIN ‘t’
pYrIN ‘n’
pYrIN ‘q’
pYrIN ‘v’
pYrIN ‘c’
pYrIN ‘ u’
pYrIN ‘ U’
do lgW mwqrW (Dual Syllables)
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
1.0 du`q A`Kr (Subscript Consonants)
pMjwbI bolI ivc du`q A`Kr bhuq G`t vrqy jWdy hn[ Awm qOr qy auh
Sbd ijhVy ihMdI sMsikRq ivcoN pMjwbI ivc Awey qy lgBg auh AslI
rUp ivc rhy qW jy auhnW ivc du`q A`Kr sn qW auh pMjwbI ivc du`q
A`Kr dy rUp ivc hI ilKy jWdy hn[
jdoN do A`KrW dy ivckwr ivc koeI lg nw hovy qW dUjy A`Kr ƒ A`Kr
dy pYrIN ilKdy hn[ Aijhy A`Kr du`q AKvwauNdy hn[ pMjwbI ivc
jVu`q ho ky ilKy jwx vwly Sbd bhuqy nhIN hn[
Awm qOr qy r, h, v hI pYrW ivc pY ky du`q rUp Dwrdy hn[ keIAW
sMsikRq SbdW ivc Q, q, n, X A`Kr vI du`q rUp ivc AwauNdy hn
pr bhuq G`t[ r, h, qy v dI du`q rUp vrqoN Awm hY[ ijvyN pRB,
kRoD, pVH cVH qy sÍYrwj Awid ivc[
The subscript consonants are not widely used in Punjabi
language. Normally it is used in Sanskrit language.
Therefore the words adopted directly from Sanskrit
language written in Gurmukhi would contain the
subscript consonants.
It is usually written in between two consonants where
there is no syllable in between e.g. there should not be any
sihari or bihari.
Commonly r, h, v are used as the subcript consonants,
however in Sanskrit language q, n, X is also used as
subsript consonants.
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
Page 39
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
2.0 du`q A`KrW dw aucwrx
a. hlMq
{ @ } The ‘Halant’ or also known as 'Udaat' character that
is something like quarter (Paireen) Haahaa, have been
used 1188 times. ‘Halant’ is pronounced by stressing on
the on letter with a slight tone of ‘h’. This character
makes the word more speechable. The words with
‘Halant’ or 'Udaat' are as follows:
aucwiein@ aun@ aun@w aulwm@y En@w En@I Elwm@y El@gI El@gIAw El@w
El@Y AMn@w AMn@y An@yrw Awn@yru AwpIn@Y Awvn@I iekn@w iekn@I ien@
ien@I iein@ eyn@w eyn@I sMin@ sMn@I sMm@lw sMm@ilAw sMm@wrw sMm@wil
sMm@wlµin@ sMm@wilEie sMm@wilAw sMm@wly sMm@wlyhW shMin@ sm@wir sm@wrau
sm@wirAw sm@wrI sm@wry sm@wrY sm@wl sm@wil sm@wlu sm@wlis sm@wlih
sm@wlxo sm@wlw sm@wilAw sm@wilh sm@wlI sm@wlIAY sm@wly sm@wlY
svMin@ svin@ swm@xy swm@wrih swm@Y sWin@hw suAwil@au syvin@ syvn@I
sRvnn@ hMin@ hm@w hm@wrI hm@wry hir@Awau hV@vwxIAY hovin@ kMin@ kMn@
kMn@Y khMin@ khIAin@ kn@weI kmln@ krMin@ kil@ kwn@ kwn@Au kwil@
kwl@I kwl@Y kwV@w ikn@ ikin@ kIn@ kIn@is kIn@w kIn@I kIn@y kIn@Y kIn@o
kuim@Awr kuim@Awir kum@wrw kum@wrY Kwvn@y Kuil@E Kuly@ Kul@eIAw Kul@Vy
Kul@I Kul@IAw Kul@y Kul@Y KUil@ KUl@y KUl@Y Kolin@ KolweIAin@ Koil@ Koil@E
Kol@ Kol@au Kol@w Kol@y Kol@Y gl@w giV@ gV@ gwil@ gwl@I gwvin@ gUV@
gUV@au gUV@I Gurin@ crnn@ clµin@ ciV@E cV@xw cV@wvih cV@y cIin@
cIin@Aw cInY@ cIn@ cIn@sI cIn@hI cIn@w cIn@W cIn@I cIn@y cIn@Y cul@Y
cUly@ col@w jgwiein@ jlµin@ jwgMin@ jwxMin@ jwxin@ jwxn@I jwxIAin@
jwpin@ jwpn@I jwlyin@ ijMn@ ijMn@w ijMn@I ijn@ ijn@w ijn@I ijin@ jIvin@
Tgin@ iqMn@ iqMn@w iqn@ iqn@w iqn@I iqVMn@ iqin@ qutin@ qumy@ qum@
qum@ih qum@rw qum@rI qum@ry qum@rY qum@ro qum@w qum@wr qum@wrih qum@wrw
qum@wrI qum@wry qum@wrY qum@wro QMim@ QMim@E QMim@Aw QMm@ QMm@Au QMm@nu QMm@w
QMm@IAY Qwim@Aw idsMin@ idsin@ idcMin@ idRiV@E idRV@Au idRV@wieAw idRV@wey
idRV@wXau idRV@wXw idRV@I idRV@IAw dIn@ dIn@w dIn@I dIn@y dyKn@y dyin@
iDAwiein@ iDAwvin@ nwn@ nwn@w nwn@I nwn@y nIim@ nIm@I n@waugo n@wieAw
n@weI n@weIAY n@wey n@wqy n@wvau n@wvxu n@wvY pauV@y pn@IAw pl@ir
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
Page 40
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
pl@rin piV@ piV@Aw pV@Mqw pV@ih pV@n pV@wieAw pV@wvis pV@IAY
pwien@I pwiein@ pweIAin@ pwn@o ipKMin@ pYnY@ pYn@au pYn@xu pYn@xhwru
pYn@xw pYn@wieAw pYn@Y iPrMin@ iPrin@ Pyrin@ bMin@ bMn@Y bn@wieAw blµin@
bwm@xu bwm@n bwm@nu buJin@ byiV@E bYhin@ boVin@ BivEim@ Bwvin@ Bulµin@
Buln@I mrMin@ mrin@ mwxin@ imlµin@ imlin@ muMnIAin@ muhin@ mUV@ mUV@w
mUV@y moVMin@ rhMin@ rhin@ rcMin@ rlin@ irMin@ ruV@weI rUV@I rUV@y leyin@
lhMin@ lhin@ lhn@I lgMin@ lBMin@ lvMin@ lwiein@ lIn@ lIn@w lIn@I
lIn@y luV@MdVI lYin@ vM\in@ vsMin@ vhMin@ vir@Aw vyV@I
b. pYrIN
‘h’
{ H } The 'Paireen Haahaa' (or half Haahaa) characters
have been used only 38 times. The words with 'Paireen
Haahaa' are as follows:
ElHg ElHgxI sMmHilAw sMmHwir sMmHwly smHwir smHwrn smHwry
smHwly isM|Hwry krHY kwrHw kyrHy koVHy gVHx gVHxhwry gwrH gulHw
crHwvau crHY cVHweIAY cwirHE idRVHwieAw pxHIAw pVHAu pVHih
pVHq byrHy virHAw virHAY vrHy
pYrIN l`gy A`Dy ‘h’ l`gx nwl aus ivAMjn dI DunI BwrI ho jWdI hY
Aqy poly ijhy ‘h’ dI DunI vI kIqI jWdI hY[ keI SbdW dy ArQ
Bwv ƒ inKyVn vwsqy pYrIN A`Dw ‘h’ boilAw jWdw hy, ijvyN
gurbwxI Sbd
SuD aucwrx
ArQ
1.
nwvw
nHwvw
ieSnwn
2.
nwie
nHwie
ieSnwn
3.
pV
pVH
pVHnw
4.
kwn
kwnH
ikRSnw
5.
jV
jVH
muF
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
Page 41
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
jy auprokq Sbd pYrIN A`Dw ‘h’ qoN ibnW boly jwx qW iPr ArQ
Bwv vI bdl jWdy hn, ijvyN;
gurbwxI Sbd
SuD aucwrx
ArQ
1.
nwvw
nwvw
nwm
2.
nwie
nwie
nwm
3.
pV
pV
pYxw
4.
kwn
kwn
kMn
5.
jV
jV
joVnw
c. pYrIN
‘X’
{ ´ } This character is like half 'Yayaa', has been used 268
times. This character is never used in modern Punjabi.
The words with 'Yayaa' are as follows:
auj´wrw auDr´au aupj´o AMD´wr AMD´wru AMD´wrw Aswj´M AKwid´
AK´E Ag´wn Ag´wnu Ag´wnxo Aq´Mq ADwK´ru Ainq´ Ap´au
Avqir´au Avlok´w AwK´r Awig´ AwiQq´ Awrog´M ieq´Mq sMswrs´
sMcr´au shwr´au sgl´M siq´M smib´AM smwcir´E srbg´ sl´
isMmRqb´ isK´w isD´M isD´qy ismrqb´ isrij´au suK´M suDwK´r hq´M
hr´au ihq´Mq hIxs´ ktwK´ kr´au kl´ kl´AucrY kl´wnu kl´wnw
ik´hu kutMb´qy k®qg´ Kwd´M K´qRI gMm´M ig´wn guxg´ guxg´M gung´
g´wn g´win g´wnu g´wnµ g´wnIAhu Cwif´au Cutk´w Cyd´qy js´
jiK´ jK´ jg´ jnms´ jp´au jl´ jl´n jwg´w jwn´au joiq´M
JwV´au fr´au fubMq´h qs´ qwr´au iqAwig´ iq´wig iqRp´qy qIK´x
Qp´au Qwin´M idb´ duK´M durlB´ dydIp´ Dr´au Dwir´au iD´wvY D´wie
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
Page 42
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
D´wieAau D´wieAE D´wieAw D´wieXau D´weI D´weIAY D´wn D´wnu
D´wnµ D´wvxh nK´qR nK´qRw nl´ inrq´M invwr´au pCwV´au
pq´wie pris´au prkws´w prqK´ pir´au prIK´qu bMm´Au bis´Mq
bK´wxI bK´wn bK´wnu bl´ bwsudyvis´ bwsÍdyvs´ ibK´wqw ibK´wdM
ibgsIiD´ ibg´wipœ ibd´mwn ibD´M buD´M bYd´M b´wsu b´wkrx b´wiD
b´wpqu b´wpwru b´wipqM Bgq´M Bb´M Bl´ Bl´Au iBK´w mDM´q mD´
mnuK´ mwin´au mwnuK´ mwnuK´M imqRs´ imQ´Mq imQ´w imil´au imil´o
im´wny imRq´Au muKbwk´ rMg´O rs´au rh´w rK´w rog´M liK´x lK´
lK´x lK´w lbiD´M lbD´M lB´qy lwg´O ilK´au ilK´xa: ilp´qy
vs´M vK´wnw vr´au
SbdW dy AMqly A`Kr ƒ l`gw pYrIN suAr A`Dw ‘X’ ijs ƒ koeI
dIrG suAr nw l`gw hovy;
Sbd
lgmwqRI dw bdlxw
SuD aucwrx
1.
sMswrs´
sMswrisA
sMswr~isA
2.
hIxs´
hIxisA
hIx~isA
3.
kl´
4.
Ainq´
AiniqA
Ain~iqA
5.
jnms´
jnmisA
jnm~isA
6.
bwsudyvis´
7.
prqK´
8.
nl´
9.
mwnuK´M
mwnuiKAM
mwnu~iKAM
10. lbD´M
lbiDAM
lb~iDAM
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
kilA
bwsudyvisA
prqiKA
nilA
Page 43
k~ilA
bwsudyv~isA
prq~iKA
n~ilA
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
SbdW dy AMqly A`Kr ƒ l`gw pYrIN suAr A`Dw ‘X’ ijs ƒ koeI
dIrG suAr l`gw hovy;
Sbd
lgmwqRI dw bdlxw
SuD aucwrx
1.
ktwK´
ktwiKA
ktwiKA
2.
Awrog´M
AwroigAM
AwroigAM
3.
lK´w
liKAw
liKAW
4.
Cutk´w
CutikAw
CutikAw
SbdW dy ivckwrly A`Kr ƒ l`gw pYrIN suAr A`Dw ‘X’ ijs ƒ
koeI dIrG suAr l`gw hovy;
Sbd
1. auj´wrw
lgmwqRI dw bdlxw
SuD aucwrx
auijAwrw
auijAwrw
AvqirAau
AvqirAau
3. AMD´wrw
AMiDAwrw
AMiDAwrw
4. Ag´wnu
AigAwnu
AigAwnu
5. sMcr´au
sMcirAau
sMcirAau
6. iD´wvY
iDAwvY
iDAwvY
7. nK´qR
niKAqR
niKAqR
2. Avqir´au
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
Page 44
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
d. pYrIN
‘t’
{ † } The half (Paireen) 'Tainkaa' character has been used
10 times. The 'Paireen Tainkaa' character is never used
in modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen)
'Tainkaa' are as follows:
Sbd
lgmwqRI dw bdlxw
SuD aucwrx
1. isRis†
sirsit
2. girs†
girst
3. idRis†
dirsit
4. ibs†w
ibstw
5. ims†
imst
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
Page 45
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
e. pYrIN
‘n’
{ ˜ } The half (Paireen) 'Nannaa' character has been used
11 times. . The 'Paireen Nannaa' character is never used
in modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen)
'Nannaa' are as follows:
Sbd
lgmwqRI dw bdlxw
1. ies˜wnu
SuD aucwrx
iesnwnu
2. s˜yh
snyh
3. s˜yhM
snyhM
4. ik®s˜
kirsn
5. ik®s˜M
kirsnM
6. ik®s˜w
kirsnw
7. bYs˜vh
bYsnvh
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
Page 46
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
f.
pYrIN ‘q’
{ œ } The half (Paireen) 'Tataa' character has been used
13 times. The 'Paireen Tataaaa' character is never used
in modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen)
'Tataa' are as follows:
Sbd
lgmwqRI dw bdlxw
SuD aucwrx
1.
ausœiq
2.
Asœ
Asq
3.
hsœ
hsq
4.
dsœgIrI
5.
nwisœ
6.
insœwrhu
7.
pusœk
8.
ibsœrIXw
ibsqrIXw
9.
ibsœIrnh
ibsqIrnh
ausqiq
dsqgIrI
nwsiq
insqwrhu
pusqk
10. ibg´wipœ
ibigAwpiq
11. Bigœ
Bgiq
12. msœk
msqk
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
Page 47
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
g. pYrIN
‘v’
{ Í } The half (Paireen) 'Vavaa' character has been used
73 times. The 'Paireen Vavaa' character is rarely used in
modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen) 'Vavaa'
are as follows:
AsÍ sÍsiq sÍsQ sÍC sÍjnh sÍrg sÍrUpM sÍrUpI sÍwsw sÍwig
sÍwgI sÍwd sÍwdu sÍwn sÍwmI sÍWg sÍWgu sÍWgI jgdIsÍrh dÍwir
dÍwirkw prmysÍr prmysÍrh bwsÍdyvs´ ibsÍ ibsÍMBr ibsÍws
ibsÍwsu ibsÍwsw ibsÍwn bysÍw bYsÍWqrh
Sbd
lgmwqRI dw bdlxw
SuD aucwrx
1.
AsÍ
2.
sÍsiq
suAsiq
3.
sÍrUpI
suArUpI
4.
sÍwmI
suAwmI
5.
sÍwd
suAwd
6.
sÍWg
suAWg
7.
prmysÍrh
prmysuArh
8.
bwsÍdyvs´
bwsuAdyv`isA
9.
ibsÍMBr
ibsuAMBr
10. ibsÍwn
ibsuAwn
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
AsuA
Page 48
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
11. bYsÍWqrh
bYsuAWqrh
12. jgdIsÍrh
h. pYrIN
{
jgdIsuArh
‘c’
ç } The half (Paireen) 'Chachaa' have been used 5
times. The 'Paireen Chachaa' character is never used in
modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen)
'Chachaa' are as follows:
Sbd
lgmwqRI dw bdlxw
1. Asçrj
Ascrj
2. insçl
inscl
3. psçim
pscim
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
Page 49
SuD aucwrx
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
i.
pYrIN ‘ u’
{ ü } A special 'Aunkarh' character that is placed under a
"Paireen" charcater (character at the bottom of another
charcater) has been used 169 times. This situation does
not occur in modern Punjabi. Such words are as
follows:
ADRüv ApivqRü ieMdRü sqRü smudRü suimqRü sRüiq klqRü kl´ücrY kwn@ü ck®ü
CqRü iCdRü qMqRü QMm@ü dirdRü dwirdRü idRV@ü dRüst dRüstweI dRüstW dRügMDq
dRügMDw dRügm dRüm dRülB DRüik DRüv pivqRü pVHü pwqRü puqRü bMm´ü blBdRü
Bl´ü mMqRü imqRü imRq´ü rudRü
Sbd
lgmwqRI dw bdlxw
SuD aucwrx
1.
ADRüv
2.
kl´ücrY
3.
dRüstweI
4.
DRüik
Druik
5.
pVHü
prVhu
6.
bMm´ü
bMimau
7. Bl´ü
Bilau
8. imRq´ü
miriqau
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
ADruv
klaucrY
k`laucrY
drustweI
Page 50
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
j.
pYrIN ‘ U’
{ ¨ } A special 'dulainkarh' character that is placed under
a "Paireen" character (charcater at the bottom of another
charcater) has been used 20 times. This situation does
not occur in modern Punjabi. Such words are as follows:
Sbd
1.
lgmwqRI dw bdlxw
Ak®¨ru
SuD aucwrx
AkrUru
2. k®¨r
krUr
3. QR¨itit
QrUitit
4.
DR¨
DrU
5.
DR¨A
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
DrUA
Page 51
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
3.0
do lgW mwqrW (Dual Syllables)
A combination of 'Aunkarh' & "Haurhaa' is not used in
modern Punjabi, but has been used in Siri Guru Granth
Sahib text. Such words are as follows:
AMcluo AMimRquo Anidnuo Amuolu eykuo srbsuo swgruo suo suoien suoeI
suohMdw suohMdI suohwgix suohwgxI suohwgin suohwvY suohylw suojwxw
huoeI huoqy kuotvwrI gnuo guoAwlw guosweI guosweIAw guopwl guopwlw
guoibMd guoibMdu guoibMdy guoivMd guoivMdu cuorwey jhwnuo jgdIsuorw jwluo juo
juoAwnI juonIAY juolwhw fuolwieAw fuolweI quoih quohI quolwiesI
quolwhw quolwvY duoAwlY duohwgix Dnuo nwmuo inrmluo pCuoqwvY prvwnuo
ibbykuo buolweIAw buolwn BXuo Buogvq BuogvY BuolwieAw Buolwey
mwnorQuo imAwnuo mukquo muoih muohwrw muoin muonI muoil luokweI luokwnI
luocwnI luoBwie luoBweIAw luoBwnu luoBwnw luoBwvih luoVydw luoVydw
ieHnW SbdW dw aucwrx { uo }
krnw hY[
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 2-1
donW lgW dI imlvIN Avwj ivc
Page 52
gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 2-2
Content
1.0
gurbwxI dw SuD aucwrx (Correct Pronunciation)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
SbdW dw SuD aucwrn
‘Aau’ Sbd dw aucwrx
AwKrI A`Kr nwl suAr dw lMmyrw aucwrx
dUhrI DunI vwly ivAMjn
‘X’ A`Kr
‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
Page 53
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
gurbwxI dw SuD aucwrx (Correct Pronunciation)
1.0
gurbwxI dw Su`D aucwrx ArQW ƒ mu`K rKky ies pRkwr hY;
The correct pronunciations of word in Gurbani in
related to the meanings are as follows;
a) SbdW dw SuD aucwrn
gurbwxI dw hr iek Sbd gurU swihb jI dy aupdyS dw AMg hY[
ies krky gurbwxI aucwrx smyN swfw pUrw iDAwn ies dy TIk Aqy
ivcwr sihq aucwrx v`l hoxw AqI zrUrI hY[
Gurbani’s each word is the sermon of Guru Ji therefore
the pronunciation of each word must be accurate. We
must carefully utter the words so that the meaning is
reflected correctly as well
ArQ
1
2
SuD
aucwrx
pRhux
bgul
pRwhuxw
bgulw
ASuD
aucwrx
pwhun
bgl
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
ibrK
kuicl
jau
imlIjY
ijh
gwvwie
pieAwly
DirjY
Aghu
ru`K
mYl
jykr
imlnw
ijs
gONaudw
pwqwl
DIrj kro
A-ghu (pkiVAw
ibRK
kucl
jo
mlIjY
jh
gvwie
ipAwly
DrIjY
AghuN
nw jwieN)
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
Page 54
ArQ
p`Qr
moFy dy Q`ly
dI QW
b`ld
kuclnw
jyhVw
ml dyxw
ijQy
gvw dyxw
brqn
r`K dyvo
swhmxy v`l
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
swƒ hr mwqrw dw aucwrx ilKy Anuswr hI krnw cwhIdw hY[ (jykr
ieh mwqrw ivAwkwrixk/ArQAwqmk hY qW aucwrx nhIN krdy)[
lGU mwqrw dw dIrG mwqrw Aqy dIrG mwqrw dw lGU mwqrw vWg
aucwrx nhIN kr skdy[ieh ASu`D aucwrx hovygw[ swƒ hr mwqrw dw
TIk aucwrx krnw cwhIdw hY Aqy AsIN iksy mwqrw dw koloN vDw ky
jW C`f ky aucwrn nhIN kr skdy[
lWvW dw dulWvW, ishwrI dw ibhwrI, hoVy dw knOVw, AONkV dw dulYNkVy
Aqy iesy qrHW aulty rUpW ivc mwqrw dw aucwrxw ASu`D hY[
ijvyN:- rKy dw rKY, Bgiq dw BgqI, duD dw dUD, mol dw mOl
Awid[
b) ‘Aau’ Sbd dw aucwrx
‘Aau’ ijhVy SbdW ivc AwauNdw hYY, auhnW dw aucwrx sUKSm kIqw
jwvygw[ ijvyN:-AauqrY=AOqrY[ pr aucwrx AauqrY qoN bhuq AMqr nw
hovy[ smJwax vwsqy ‘AO’ hI ilKxw pY irhw hY[ iesy qrHW ‘kaun’
dw aucwrx kOn (mukqw dw ‘A’ Aqy au imlwky kO) kIqw jWdw hY[
pr ‘AO’ dI DunI ƒ lmkwA ky nhIN aucwrxw [ iesy qrHW pauVI,
qau, sMBau, swcau, pihsAau Awid dw aucwrx kro[
not:- gurbwxI ivc ‘AO’ dI QW ‘Aau’ ilKq imldI hY[ AOgx
/Aaugx, AauKDu/AOKD, kOVI/kauVI[
c) AwKrI A`Kr nwl suAr dw lMmyrw aucwrx
AwKrI A`Kr nwl AweI sÍr lMmyrI aucwrdy hW[ jie, Bie, sie,
pie Awid[ Prau, dIau, auie, koie, jIie Awid lMmyrI DunI krky
aucwry jWdy hn[
The last consonant with syllable e, a shall be uttered in
a lengthy manner.
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
Page 55
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
d) dUhrI DunI vwly ivAMjn
ivAMjn A`KrW ivcoN bhuqy kyvl iek`lI iek`lI DunI dy lKwiek
hn, pr kuJ A`Kr Aijhy vI hn ijnW dIAW do do DunIAW hn,
ijvyN[
Normally each consonant has a dedicated sound except
for the following consonants has dual sound in
pronunciation;
G
B
j
i.
J
s
P
F
K
l
D
g
‘G’, ‘J’, ‘F’, ‘D’ Aqy ‘B’ dw aucwrx
jykr Sbd dy ArMB ivc hox qW AwpxI DunI dyNdy hn[ ijvyN:If any word STARTS with one of these letters above,
then pronounce these letters in its original sound. Eg:
GuimAwr
JwVU
FolkI
Dylw
BWfw
jykr ieh A`Kr iksy Sbd dy ivcwly jW AMq ivc Awaux qW
G=gH(in`G),F=fH (gMF), D=dH(du`D),B=bH (jyb)[
If the word ENDS with any of these letters or these
letters appear in the MIDDLE of the word, then
pronounce the letter using the sound of their earlier
letter in the word. Eg m`Gr would be pronounce as
mgr
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
Page 56
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
Sbd
FwFI
gMF
sB
AwDwr
EFwny
AMDkwr
gMDx
ii.
aucwrx
FwfHI
gMfH
sbH
AwdHwr
EfHny
AMdHkwr
gMdHx
Sbd
in`G
du`D
swD
buJ
AMB
BwBI
aurJwvih
aucwrx
ingH
dudH
swdH
bujH
AMbH
BwbHI
aurjHwvih
‘s’, ‘K’, ‘g’, ‘j’ Aqy ‘P’ dw aucwrx
ieh AKrW dw aucwrx bdldw jdoN Sbd ArbI, &wrsI, aurdU
dw hovy, ijvyN;
S (sh)
^ (khe)
Z (ge)
z (z)
& (f)
gurbwxI ivc kuJ Sbd &wrsI bolI dy hn ijvyN;
Xk Arj guPqm pyis qo dr gos kun krqwr ]
hkw kbIr krIm qU byAYb prvdgwr ]1]
dunIAw mukwmy PwnI qhkIk idl dwnI ]
mm sr mUie AjrweIl igrPqh idl hyic n dwnI ]1] rhwau ]
jn ipsr pdr ibrwdrW ks nys dsqMgIr ]
AwiKr ibAPqm ks n dwrd cUM svd qkbIr ]2]
sb roj gsqm dr hvw krdym bdI iKAwl ]
gwhy n nykI kwr krdm mm eIN icnI Ahvwl ]3]
bdbKq hm cu bKIl gwiPl bynjr bybwk ]
nwnk bugoXd jnu qurw qyry cwkrW pw Kwk ]4]1]
(721-8, iqlµg, mhlw 1)
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
Page 57
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
Sbd
Arj
gos
igrPqh
ibAPqm
sb
gsqm
bdbKq
gwiPl
Kwk
aucwrx
Arz
goS
igr&qh
ibA&qm
Sb
gSqm
bdb^q
gwi&l
^wk
Sbd
guPqm
PwnI
jn
svd
roj
iKAwl
bKIl
bynjr
aucwrx
gu&qm
&wnI
zn
Sv`d
roz
i^Awl
b^Il
bynzr
iii.
Sbd Byd
d Aqy D, f Aqy F DunI spSt aucwrx krnI zrUrI hY
ikayuYNik DunI ivc &rk pYx nwl ArQ bdl jWdy hn[
ijvyN:- gMd (dirt) /gMD (^uSbU), m`D (ivcwly) / md (Srwb),
audwr icq (dwnI) / auDwr dyxw, swfy(Apuny) / swFy (½) cwr
mItr, v`fI BYx/v`FI (irSvq) lYxI, fwhy(thirst) / Fwhy
(demolish) Awid[
iv.
‘l’ A`Kr dw aucwrx
‘l’ A`Kr dIAW do DunIAW hn, iek DunI dw aucwrx bu`t auqy
huMdw hY Aqy dUjI dw kTor qwlU auqy, ijvyN;
iek AwpIn@Y pqlI sh kyry bolw ]
(794-18, sUhI, PrId jI)
Sbd
bolw
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
ArQ
bol bcn
Page 58
SuD aucwrx
‘l’ dw aucwrx bu`t qoN
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
mwieAwDwrI Aiq AMnw bolw ]
(313-17, gauVI kI vwr, mhlw 3)
Sbd
bolw
ArQ
bol bcn
SuD aucwrx
‘l’ dw aucwrx qwlU qoN
ijnw gurisKw kau hir sMqustu hY iqnI siqgur kI gl mMnI ]
(591-1, vfhMsu, mhlw 3)
Sbd
gl
ArQ
bwq
SuD aucwrx
‘l’ dw aucwrx bu`t qoN
duXY Bwie ivgucIAY gil peIsu jm kI Pws ]
(134-7, mWJ, mhlw 5)
Sbd
gil
ArQ
grdn ivc
SuD aucwrx
‘l’ dw aucwrx qwlU qoN
Kl mUrK qy pMifqu kirbo pMifq qy mugDwrI ]3]
(1252-6, swrMg, kbIr jI)
Sbd
Kl
ArQ
mUrK
SuD aucwrx
‘l’ dw aucwrx bu`t qoN
kwcI srsauN pyil kY nw Kil BeI n qylu ]240]
(1377-11, slok, kbIr jIau)
Sbd
Kil
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
ArQ
PUs, cmVI
Page 59
SuD aucwrx
‘l’ dw aucwrx qwlU qoN
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
e) ‘X’ A`Kr
i. gurbwxI dI ilKq ivc SbdW dw ArMBk ‘X’ ivAMjn
DunI pRgtwauNdw hY[
ii. SbdW dw ivckwrlw Aqy AMqlw ‘X’ suAr dy qOr qy
AwauNdw hY; pUry rUp (X) ivc vI, AD-kty ( Î) ivc vI
Aqy pYr-icMn rUp ( ´ ) ivc vI[
iii. suAr ‘X’ dI DunI swrIAW QWvy iek-swr nhIN huMdI ;
v`K-v`K SbdW ivc &rko-&rkI (vKrw) hY
iv.
sAr ‘X’ dy bdl ivc v`K v`K lgmwqRI suArW vrqoN
huMdIAW hn[
f) ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx
i.
AwrMB ivc ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx
‘X’ A`Kr ivAMjn vI hY Aqy A`D-suAr (semi-vowel) vI[
jdoN ‘X’ A`Kr iksy Sbd dy AwrMB ivc Awvy qW qwlU qoN bolI
jwx vwlI ivAMjn DunI dw lKwiek huMdw hY ijvyN;
Xwr
Xmunw
ii.
Xk
XqIm
XwrW
XkIn
AMq ivc ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx
i.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Xh
Xog
‘X’ mukqw Aqy mukqw A`Kr qoN bwAd
suAr ‘X’
SuD aucwrn
jX
jY
mX
mY
BX
BY / Bie
dX
d
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
Page 60
lgmwqRI bdl
X= Y
X= Y
X = Y (ie)
X= Y
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
ii.
‘X’ mukqw ƒ ‘A’ mukqw dw aucwrx
suAr ‘X’
gunIX
rmxIX
1.
2.
iii.
1.
2.
3.
4.
iv.
SuD aucwrn
gunIA
rmxIA
lgmwqRI bdl
X=A
X=A
‘X’ A`Kr ƒ lgU lg-mwqR
suAr ‘X’
diX
dXu
cwX
quXM
SuD aucwrn
deIie
deIau
cwie
quieAM
lgmwqRI bdl
X = eI + ie
X = eI + a
X = ie
X = ie + A
‘X’ A`Kr ƒ dIrG lg-mwqR
1.
suAr ‘X’
BXw
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
pXw
dXY
AXo
jXo
kwXw
duXw
duXI
muXy
duXY
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
SuD aucwrn
BieAw*
BeIAw
pieAw
deIAY
AieE
jieE
kwieAW
duieAw
duieeI
mueIey
duieAY
Page 61
lgmwqRI bdl
X = ie + A
X = eI + A
X = ie + A
X = eI + A
X = ie + E
X = ie + E
X = ie + A
X = ie + A
X = ie + e
X = eI + e
X = ie + A
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
iii.
mD ivc ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx
pr jdoN ‘X’ iksy Sbd dy ivckwr ivc Awvy jW iksy A`Kr dy
pYr ivc Awvy qW ieh suAr jW lg rUp ivc huMdw hY[
i. ‘X’ mukqw Aqy mukqw A`Kr qoN bwAd
1.
2.
3.
4
suAr ‘X’
bXx
mXh
nXix
bXix
SuD aucwrn
bYx (biex)
mieAh
nYx
bYix
lgmwqRI bdl
X = Y (ie)
X = ie + A
X= Y
X= Y
ii. ‘X’ A`Kr ƒ dIrG lg-mwqR
1.
2.
3.
4.
suAr ‘X’
kwXau
BYXwn
DwXMqy
AXwnw
SuD aucwrn
kwieAau
BYieAwn
DwieAMqy
AieAwnw
lgmwqRI bdl
X = ie + A
X = ie + A
X = ie + A
X = ie + A
iv. ‘X’ A`Kr dw ArQ Byd
gurbwxI ivc Awey ieko ijhI bxqr vwly SbdW ivc suAr ‘X’ dw
bdlvW lg-mwqRI rUp v`K-v`K QweIN sMbMDq SbdW dy ADwr qy
&rko &rkI bxdw hY[ Aijhy kuJ Sbd qy auhnW dw bdlvW lgmwqRI rUp Q`ly id`qw jWdw hY[
1.
2.
sbd
BXw
BXw
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
AMg
137
137
Page 62
aucwrn
BieAw
BeIAw
ArQ
ho igAw
BweI/Brw
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
PRONUNCIATIONS OF YEYA LETTER
XXy A`KrW dw aucwrn
pwT
aucwrx
ArQ
duXw
dXu
dXY
duXY
duieAw
deIau
deIAY
duieAY
dUjw
pyRrk, idAwlU
pyRrk nMU
diX
duXI
BXw
BYXwn
rXiq
rmXy
rmxIX
deIie
duieeI
BeIAw
BYieAwn
reIAiq
rmeIey
rmxIA
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
Page 63
dYÍq Bwv
pyRrk, idAwlU
dUjI
BweI, Brw
BY dwiek
prjw
rimAw hoieAw
suMdr
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
pwT
aucwrx
ArQ
muXy
mXh
mX
pwXM
pXw
pXwl
AXo
AXwnw
kwXau
quXM
DwXMqy
mueIey
mieAh
mY
pwieAM
pieAw
pieAwl
AieE
AieAwnw
kwieAau
quieAM
DwieAMqy
idRVMqxh
ipAwrIey
srUp
srUp
pwauxw
peI, ilKq
pqwl
AwieAw
bwlk, A\wxw
dyh, srIr
qyrI, qyry qy
Dwvw krnw
idRVH krnw
cwie
auqSwh
idRVMqxÚ
cwX
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
Page 64
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx
- Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
pwT
aucwrx
ArQ
nXix
bXix
jXo
jX
nYix
bYix
jieE
jY
nyqR, A~KW
bcn
jY jY kwr
jY jY kwr
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2
Page 65
gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 2-3
Content
2.0
‘h’ dy nym (The principal of consonant ‘h’)
3.0
‘h’ A`Kr dw SuD aucwrx (Pronunciation of ‘h’)
a)
b)
c)
4.0
‘h’ A`Kr SbdW dy ArMB ivc[
ivckwr Awey ‘h’ vwly SbdW dw aucwrx[
SbdW dy AMq ivc ‘h’ A`Kr[
ivsrg (Ú)
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 66
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
1. ‘h’ A`Kr krky Sbd joVW leI kuJ ku Kws nym hn:a. jy ‘h’ Sbd dy ivckwr Awvy qW pihly A`Kr ƒ lW ( y) lwaux dI
QW ishwrI ( i ) lwE, ijvyN ‘myhnq’ dI QW ‘imhnq’, ‘syhq’
dI QW ‘ishq’, ‘jyhVw’ dI QW ‘ijhVw’ ilKo [
If ‘h’ letter comes in between a word, rather then using
a lav ‘ y’ on the first letter, sihari ‘i ’ should be used.
b. ‘h’ qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ dulweIAW ( Y ) lwaux dI QW ‘h’ ƒ
ishwrI ( i ) lwE, ijvyN ‘SYhr’ dI QW ‘Sihr’, ‘dupYhrw’ dI QW
‘duiphrw’ ilKo[
If ‘h’ letter comes in between a word, rather then using
a lav ‘ Yy’ on the letter before ‘h’ letter, sihari ‘i ’
should be used.
c. ‘h’ qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ knOVw ( O ) nw lwE, sgoN aus ƒ mukqw
r`Ko qy ‘h’ ƒ AONkV lwE, ijvyN bOhq dI QW bhuq, vOhtI dI QW
vhutI, sONh dI QW shuM ilKo [
Do not use ‘ O’ on any letter which comes before ‘h’
letter keep the letter ‘mukqw’ and use the appropriate
syllable e.g. sihari ‘i ’ or ‘ u’ and ‘ M’ to replace ‘ N ’
instead.
pr kyhr, Ajyhw, jyhw, gOhr, jOhr, AOh hn [ pVnWv ‘ieh’ qy
‘auyh’ dy iek-vcn (singular) qy bhu-vcn (plural) rUp ieko hI
hn[
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 67
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
2. ‘h’ A`Kr dw aucwrx[
aucwrx dy p`KoN ‘h’ A`Kr iDAwn Xog hY ikaNik v`K v`K SbdW ivc
vrqINdw hY Aqy ies dI DunI dy TIk-TIk aucwrx au~qy gurbwxI dw SuD
aucwrx kw&I h`d qk inrBr krdw hY[
While pronouncing the consonant ‘h’ proper attention must
be given to the various sounds produced by ‘h’ in different
words which has different combinations of syllables.
i.
ii.
‘h’ A`Kr SbdW dy ArMB ivc (consonant ‘h’ in the
begining)[
‘h’ A`Kr jdoN iksy Sbd dy ArMB ivc Awvy, BwvyN mukqw jW iksy
lgU jW dIrG lg-mwqR sihq, qW ies dw aucwrx ausy qrW dw hI hY
ijvyN iliKAW hoieAw hY[ If the consonant ‘h’ appears in the
begining of a word then the pronunciation should be in its
original sound.
hau
hn
hir
hmwrw
hwlu
hoeIAY
hY
hoir
hoie
hMsu
hukmy
hsIAY
ihkmiq
ihku
hsny
ivckwr Awey ‘h’ vwly SbdW dw aucwrx ( The
pronunciation of consonant ‘h’ in between a word)
a. ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihlw A`Kr vI mukqw
ivckwr ‘h’, mukqw hovy Aqy ies qoN pihlw A`Kr vI mukqw
hovy qW ies pihly A`Kr dw aucwrx dulwvW nwl krdy hW[
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 68
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
pr iehnW dulwvW dw aucwrx sUKSm krnw hY[ If the
consonant before ‘h’ has no syllable and ‘h’ has
no syllable as well then the earlier letter is
pronounced with dulava ‘ Y’.
Sbd
SuD aucwrn
aucwrx syD
1. mhl
mYhl
mY-hl
2. kumhl
kumYhl
ku-mYhl
3. ghxw
gYhxw
gYh-xw
4. shs
sYhs
sY-hs
5. thl
tYhl
tY-hl
6. mhlI
mYhlI
mYh-lI
7. mhliq
mYhlq
mYh-lq
8. ghx
gYhx
gY-hx
b. ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihlw A`Kr ƒ ishwrI hovy[
ivckwr ‘h’ mukqw hovy pr ies qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ ishwrI
( i ) hovy qW aucwrx lwvW ( y ) krdy hW[ If the
consonant before ‘h’ has syllable sihari ‘i ’and
‘h’ has no syllable then the earlier letter is
pronounced with lav ‘ y’.
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 69
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
Sbd
SuD aucwrn
aucwrx syD
1. imhr
myhr
my-hr
2. ikhr
kyhr
ky-hr
3. ikhVw
kyhVw
kyh-Vw
4. ichrw
cyhrw
cyh-rw
5. ishrw
syhrw
syh-rw
6. ijhVw
jyhVw
jyh-Vw
7. ivhVw
vyhVw
vyh-Vw
8. imhnq
myhnq
myh-nq
9. ishq
syhq
sy-hq
c. ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihlw A`Kr ƒ AONkV hovy[
ivckwr ‘h’ mukqw hovy pr ies qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ AONkV
( u ) hovy qW ieh hoVw aucwrdy hW[
If the consonant before ‘h’ has onkar ‘ u’ and ‘h’
has no syllable then the earlier letter is pronounced
with hora ‘ o’.
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 70
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
Sbd
SuD aucwrn
aucwrx syD
1. muhxw
mohxw
moh-xw
2. suhxw
sohxw
soh-xw
3. duhrw
dohrw
doh-rw
4. quh&w
qoh&w
qoh-&w
d. ‘h’ ƒ ishwrI Aqy pihlw A`Kr mukqw hovy[
ivckwr ‘h’ ƒ ishwrI ( i ) pr ies qoN pihlw A`Kr
mukqw hovy qW aucwrx dulwvW ( Y ) dw huMdw hY[ If the
consonant before ‘h’ has no syllable and ‘h’ has
sihari ‘ i ’syllable then the earlier letter is
pronounced with ‘ Y’.
Sbd
SuD aucwrn
aucwrx syD
1. nihr
nYhr
nY-ihr
2. zihr
zYhr
zY-ihr
3. kihxw
kYhxw
kY-ihxw
4. gihxw
gYhxw
gY-ihxw
auprokq SbdW ivc ‘h’ qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ dIrG suAr
dolwvW sUKSm aucwrx kro Aqy ‘h’ A`Kr dI ishwrI vI
bolxI cwhIdI hY[
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 71
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
The above words add-on syllable
‘ Y’ shall be
pronounced in soft tone and the syllable sihari ‘i ’
on the consonant ‘h’ should be pronounced as
well.
e. ‘h’ ƒ AONkV Aqy pihlw A`Kr mukqw hovy[
ivckwr ‘h’ ƒ AONkV ( u ) hovy Aqy ies qoN pihlw A`Kr
mukqw hovy qW ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihly A`Kr ƒ knOVw ( O )
nwl aucwrdy hW[ If the consonant before ‘h’ has no
syllable and ‘h’ has onkar ‘ u’ syllable then the
earlier letter is pronounced with kenora ‘ O ’.
Sbd
iii.
SuD aucwrn
aucwrx syD
1. vhutI
vOhtI
vOh-tI
2. bhuqw
bOhqw
bOh-qw
3. shurw
sOhrw
sOh-rw
4. mhurw
mOhrw
mOh-rw
SbdW dy AMq ivc ‘h’ A`Kr[
a.
‘h’ mukqw
AMq ivc ‘h’ mukqw Aqy aus qoN pihlw A`Kr vI mukqw
hovy[ If the consonant before ‘h’ has no syllable
and ‘h’ has no syllable as well, then the earlier
letter is pronounced with dulava ‘ Y ’.
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 72
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
Sbd
SuD aucwrn
aucwrx syD
1. punh
punYh
pu-nYh
2. jgdIsurh
jgdIsurYh
jgdIsurYh
3. AMDh
AMDYh
AM-DYh
4. dUqh
dUqYh
dU-qYh
5. lfwvh
lfwvYh
lfw-vYh
6. pRiqpwlkh
pRiqpwlkYh
pRiqpwl-kYh
7. aurDh
aurDYh
aur-DYh
8. kyhrh
kyhrYh
kyh-rYh
b.
AMq vwly ‘h’ qoN pihlW ‘A’ A`Kr[
AMq ivc ‘h’ mukqw Aqy aus qoN pihlW ‘A’ hovy:-loAh
Aqy AwroAh - hoVw lmkwA ky aucwro Aqy ‘h’ sUKSm
aucwro[ bfVwgIAh, lwjIAh[ - iesy qrHW ibhwrI lmkwA
ky Aqy h aucwro[
If the consonant before ‘h’ is a vowel ‘A’ then
the big (dIrG) syllable on the earlier consonant is
is pronounced in a lengthy tone.
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 73
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
c.
AMq vwly ‘h’ qy kMnw[
AMq ivc h kMny nwl;
Sbd
ArQ
gwhw
gweIey
jwhw
jweIey
pwhw
pweIey
lwhw
lhIey
Arpwhw
ArpIey
smwhw
smweIey
d.
AMq ivc Awey ‘ih’ dw aucwrx
ieih, Aih dw aucwrx iesy rUp ivc kIqw jWdw hY[
jdoN Sbd dy AMqly ‘ih’ pihly A`Kr ƒ koeI suAr lgw hovy
qW ‘h’ A`Kr dy Awpxy suArI gux dy kwrn AMqly lgU suAr
( i ) dI DunI swDwrn nwloN kuJ vDyry lMmI ho jwieAw krdI
hY[When the consonant ‘h’ appears with an sihari
‘i ’ and the earlier consonant or vowel has a
syllable then the sound of ‘ih’ becomes lengthy
naturally.
ieih
moih
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Awih
muih
Page 74
kwih
qoih
Asnyih
poih
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
aupRokq SbdW dw aucwrx kridAW AMqly ‘h’ ƒ l`gy suAr
( i ) dI DunI ƒ k`s ky bolxw cwhIdw hY, qW jo ieh lW ( y)
dI DunI nw bx jwvy[ It should be noted that while
pronouncing the ‘ih’ tone must be precise (by
putting in some stress) so that the sound does not
reflect the sound of lav ‘ y’syllable.
AMqly ‘h’ ƒ l`gI ishwrI dI DunI G`t lMmI kIqI jw skdI
hY, jy pihly A`Kr ƒ l`gI dIrG lg-mwqR dI DunI ƒ kuJ
hor lmkwA ky ‘h’ dI pRwxqw (aspiration) ƒ k`s ky
C`ifAw jwvy[ The pronounciation of the syllable
sihari ‘i ‘on the consonant ‘h’ can be shorten by
stressing on the big ‘dIrG’ syllable on the earlier
consonant or vowel.
AMq ivc ‘h’ ƒ AONkV l`gw
Sbd
1.
ivchu
2.
BMfhu
3.
AMdrhu
4.
Arshu
5.
kurshu
6.
srIrhu
7.
suKhu
8.
ivthu
9.
suxhu
10.
jwghu
11.
bwJhu
12.
mMinhu
e.
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 75
hovy
aucwrx
ivchou
BMfhou
AMdrhou
Arshou
kurshuo
srIrhou
suKhuo
ivthou
suxhou
jwghou
bwJhuo
mMinhuo
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
13.
14.
15.
16.
kwblhu
muKhu
hQhu
dUrhu
kwblhuo
muKhuo
hQhuo
dUrhuo
isDWq:-‘hu’ jd Sbd dy AMq ivc hovy Aqy ies dw aucwrx
krnw hY qW ‘h’ dy nwl sUKSm hoVw ( o) dw aucwrx
kro[‘ho’ DunI krnI ASu`D hY[ ijvyN:- bhou, khuo ƒ aucwrdy
hW[ In order to pronounce ‘hu’ at the end of a word,
the syllable hora ‘ o’shall be used in a soft tone
which reflects the sound in between of an onkar ‘
u’ and hora ‘ o’.
f.
iekihry Aqy dUhry ‘h’ dI DunI dw prspr &rk[
The difference in sound between a single and a
double ‘h’.
nWv (Noun) Sbd
iek`lw ‘h’
1.
rwhu
2.
isAwhu
3.
swhu
dUhrw ‘h’
rwhhu
isAwhhu
swhhu
iek`lw ‘h’ Q`ly AMkq AONkV krqw (creator) kwrk
(case) Aqy krm (subject) kwrk dw iek-vcnI
(singular) kwrk-icMnH hY, ijs dw aucwrx nwskqw
(nasal sound) qoN bgYr hY, jd ik dUhry ‘h’ dy Sbd ivc
AMqlw ‘hu’ Apwdwn kwrk (Ablative*) dw iek-vcnI
(singular) kwrk-icMnH hY, ijs dw aucwrx nwskI
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 76
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
hY[*(Ablative
:- denoting a case of nouns, pronouns, and
adjectives indicating the agent in passive sentences or the
instrument, manner, or place of the action described by the verb)
ikirAw (Verb) Sbd
1.
2.
3.
4.
iek`lw ‘h’
khu
bhu
rhu
shu
dUhrw ‘h’
khhu
bhhu
rhhu
shhu
iek`lw ‘h’ Q`ly AMkq AONkV hY ijs duAwrw DwqUAW qoN
hukmI Biv`Kq kwl (future tense), m`Dm purK, iekvcn dIAW ikirAW bxIAW hn, jd ik dUhry ‘h’ dy
Sbd ivc AMqlw ‘hu’ ijs duAwrw DwqUAW qoN hukmI
Biv`Kq kwl, m`Dm purK, bhu-vcn (plural) dIAW
ikirAW bxIAW hn [
incoV:
‘khu’ Aqy ‘khuh’ iehnW do iksmW dy sbdW dy aucwrx
ivc &rk kyvl iekihry Aqy dUhry ‘h’ A`Kr dy DunI bl dw hY[ iekihry ‘h’ dI DunI nwloN dUhry ‘h’ dI DunI
Av`S hI BrvIN, pRbl Aqy lMmyrI hovygI[
Summary: The difference between in
pronunciation of a single and double consonant
‘h’ is that double ‘h’ is pronounced in greater
emphasis which doubles the sound of a single
‘h’.
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 77
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
3. ivsrg (Ú)
gurbwxI AMdr ‘gwQw’ nwm dI bwxI AMdr kuJ SbdW dy AMq ivc au~prQ`ly Coty Coty do c`krW vwly icMn (Ú) ijvyN ‘semi-colon’ dw icMn huMdw hY[
ies icMnH ƒ nwgrI il`pI ivc ‘ivsrg’ khIdw hY Aqy ies dw aucwrx
koml ‘h’ dI DunI smwn huMdw hY[ hyT ilKy kuJ Sbd ijMnHW ivc ies
icMnH dI vrqoN kIqI imldI hY;
Sbd
aucwrx
1.
idRVMqxÚ
idRVMqxh
2.
ilKx´Ú
ilKixAh
3.
sMpUrxÚ
sMpUrxh
4.
rMgxÚ
rMgxh
ivsrg dI vrqoN rwgW ivcwly isrlyKW ivc vI kIqI hY, ijvyN ‘mÚ’ ijs
dw aucwrx ‘mh`lw’ krIdw hY[
Sbd
aucwrx
1.
mÚ 1
mh`lw pihlw
2.
mÚ 2
mh`lw dUjw
3.
mÚ 3
mh`lw qIjw
4.
mÚ 4
mh`lw cOQw
5.
mÚ 5
mh`lw pMjvw
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-3
Page 78
gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 2-4
Content
1.0
gurbwxI dy isrlyK (Pronunciation of Gurbani Titles)
2.0
suD
3.0
SbdW dI smwpqI dy AMk (Numbers at End of Shabad)
(Sudh)
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-4
Page 79
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
1. gurbwxI dy isrlyK
a. mhlw dw aucwrn
sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI ivc ij`Qy vI Awvy mhlw ƒ ‘mh`lw’ hI
aucwrx krnw cwhIdw hY ikauNik ‘mh`lw’ puilMg Sbd hY Aqy
aucwrx ivc mh`lw pihlw, dUjw, qIjw, cOQw, pMjvW Aqy nwvW
puilMg Sbd[ mh`lw dw ArQ sMsikRq ivc srUp hY Aqy ArbI ivc
bwdSwh hY[ gurbwxI ivc ies Sbd nwl gurU swihbwn ƒ
jxwieAw igAw hY[
Mahla word must be pronounced as Mahla and not
Mehla wherever it appears in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji.
This word denotes the Guru who have uttered the
particular Shabad therefore it refers to a Guru therefore
Mahla word is masculine. In various occasions in Sri
Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Guru Ji wrote in words the
pronounciation of the number in word’s such as Pahla,
Duja, Tija, Choutha, Panjwa and Nava’n.
b. isr-lyK SbdW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Titles)
isr-lyK
aucwrx
ArQ
1
<> siqgur pRswid ] iek E-AM-kwr
2
AwrqI
AwrqI
AwrqI Sbd
3
AlwhxIAw
AlwhxIAW
imRqk gIq
4
AnMd
AnMd
pRsMnqw
5
AMjlI / AMjlIAW
AMjlI / AMjlIAW
bynqIAW
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-4
Page 80
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
6
AstpdIAW
AstpdIAW
A`T pOVIAW
7
iek quky
iek quky
iek quk vwly
Sbd
8
eyk suAwn ky Gr
gwvxw
eyk suAwn ky Gr
gwvxw
Sbd dI qwr hY
9
sodr
sodr
auh dr
10 so purK
so purK
so vwihgurU
11 soihlw
soihlw
js gwauxw
12 solhy
solhy
CMd mwqR gIq
12 suD
su`D
suD kIqI hoeI
14 suD kIcy
su`D kIcy
suD kIqI hoeI
15 suDMg
su-DMg
suD krky gwE
16 sucjI
suc`jI / su-cjI
cMgy Awcrn
vwlI iesqRI
17 sd
s`d
AKIrI s`dw
18 isD gosit
isD gosit
isD -is`DIAW
vwly, goStpRSn auqr
crcw
19 sbd
sbd
Sbd
20 suKmnI
suK-mnI
su`KW dI mnI
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-4
Page 81
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
21 slok
slok
22 slok shsikRqI
slok shs-kirqI hjwrW hI js
23 slok vwrW qy vDIk
slok vwrW qy
vDIk
24 svXy / sveIey
sveIey
25 sorTy
sor-Ty
26 kucjI
kuc`jI / ku-cjI
27 kwPI
kwPI
28 krhly
kr-hly
au~dm
29 guxvMqI
gux-vMqI
guxW vwlI
iesqRI
30 gwQw
gwQw
CMd dw nwm
31 GoVIAw
GoVIAW
ivAwh smy dy
gIq
32 Gr
Gr
sur-qwl
33 cauboly
cau-boly
4 pdW dw Sbd
34 iCpdy
iC-pdy
4 pdW dw Sbd
35 iCMj
iCMj
36 CMq CMnq
CMq CMnq
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-4
Page 82
CMd dw nwm
vwr ivc iek
pauVI nwl do
slok
BYVI iesqRI
js
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
37 jiq (ibrhVy Gru 4
CMqw kI jiq)
j~iq
CMqW dI Dwrnw
38 fKxy
fKxy
isMDI BwKw
(BwSw) ivc
slok
39 iQqI
iQqI
iq`QW duAwrw
aucwrI
40 idn rYx
idn rYx
idn rwq
duAwrw aucwrI
41 dKnI / dKxI EAMkwr dKnI / dKxI
EAMkwr
35 A`KrW
duAwrw aucwrI
42 Dunw
Dunw
Dun
43 pauVI
pauVI
iek pd dw
nwm
44 phry
phry
pihrW duAwrw
aucwrI
45 pihirAW ky Gr gwvxw pihirAW ky Gr
gwvxw
46 pVqwl
pVqwl
gaux dI syD
47 ptI / ptI ilKI
p`tI / p`tI ilKI
A`KrW duAwrw
aucwrI
48 pdy / pdw
pdy / pdw
Sbd
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-4
Page 83
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
49 Punhy
Punhy
bwrMbwr
50 bwvn AKrI
bwvn AKrI
A`KrW duAwrw
aucwrI
51 ibrhVy
ibrhVy
vYrwg vwlI
cwl
52 bwrh mwh
bwrw mwh
12 mhIinAW
duAwrw aucwrI
53 mMgl
mMgl
KuSI
54 mhl
mh`l
srUp / pwqswh
55 muMdwvxI
muMdwvxI
bujwrq
56 XwnVIey kY Gr gwvxw
XwnVIey kY Gr
gwvxw
3 qwr ivc
gwauxw
57 ruqI
ruqI
6 ruqW duAwrw
aupdyS
58 rwg
rwg
rwg
59 rhoey kY CMqw ky Gr
rhoey kY CMqw ky
Gr
60 rhwau
rhwau
iesiQq, Atko
61 Lwvw
lwvW
ivvwh dy Sbd
62 vwr
vwr
js
63 vwr 7 / vwr sq
vwr 7 / vwr s`q
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-4
Page 84
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
c. sMDI Sbd (Joint Words)
gurbwxI ivc isr-lyK ivc pdy/quky vI drswey gey hn, ijvyN;
The titles in Gurbani which specifies the numbers of
stanza are as follow;
Ssd
aucwrx
ArQ
1.
AstpdIAw
Ast-pdIAw A`T pdy
2
dupdy
du-pdy
2 pdy
3
iqpdy
iq-pdy
3 pdy
4
caupdy
cau-pdy
4 pdy
5
pMcpdy
pMc-pdy
5 pdy
6
iCpdy
iC-pdy
6 pdy
7
iekqukw
iek-qukw
1 quk
8
duquky
du-quky
2 quky
9
iqquky
iq-quky
3 quky
10
cauquky
cau-quky
4 quky
d. AMkW dw aucwrn
gurbwxI dy isrlyK ivc Awey AMkW dw aucwrx krnw bhuq jrUrI
hY, ikauNik ieh AMk gurbwxI dy krqw ƒ drswauNdy hn, rwg dy
sur-qwl dy Gr drswauNdy hn Aqy swDwrx sMiKAw ivSySx vI
hn[ It is important to read the stated numbers correctly
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Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
because the numbers represent the composer and also
the Raga tune and beat in which the shabad is uttered.
i.
gurbwxI krqw (Gurbani Composers)
gurU swihbwn ny gurbwxI dy isrlyK ivc ieh drswieAw ik
ieh bwxI ikhVy srUp ivc aucwrx kIqI geI hY[ jo AMk
mh`ly nwl ilKy hn, auh gurU swihbwn ƒ jxwaudy hn[ ies
leI iehnW dw aucwrx hyT ilKy Anuswr kIqw jWdw hY;
The numbers written after Mahla denotes the
Guru who have composed the particular shabad,
therefore it should be uttered as follows;
Sbd
aucwrx
1.
mhlw 1
mh`lw pihlw
2.
mhlw 2
mh`lw dUjw
3.
mhlw 3
mh`lw qIjw
4.
mhlw 4
mh`lw cOQw
5.
mhlw 5
mh`lw pMjvw
6.
mhlw 9
mh`lw nWvw
7.
pauVI nvI mÚ 5
pauVI nvIN mh`lw pMjvW
8.
soriT 5
soriT pMjvW
9.
mrdwnw 1
mrdwnw pihlw
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Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
ii.
pYrW vwly AMk (Number written below the Wods)
gurbwxI ivc keI QwvW qy mhly dy pYr ivc AMk ilKy hoey
hn ijvyN[ ienW dw aucwrx nhIN krnw;
In Gurbani there are some titles which has
subscript numbers written below the word but this
numbers should not be read;
Sbd
vyrvw
pRBwqI mhlw
3
5
mh`ly hyTlw 5 AMk dw Bwv ieh hY ik
ieh Sbd pMjvyN gurU swihb jI ny vI
aucwirAw hY qy qIjy gurU swihb jI dw vI
pihlW aucwirAw hoieAw sI[ qIjy gurU
swihb jI dw muK r`iKAw Aqy pWjw hyT
dy idqw hY[
rwgu1gauVI
pUrbI, mhlw 5
rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
rwgu gauVI
1
pUrbI, mhlw 5
rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
rwgu gauVI cyqI, rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
1
mhlw 5
rwgu gauVI mwlw, rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
mhlw
5
1
rwgu gauVI mwJ, rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
1
mhlw 5
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Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
rwgu gauVI mwJ, rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
2
mhlw 5
rwgu gauVI CMq,
1
mhlw 5
rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
rwgu gauVI
bYrwgix, kbIr
1
jI
rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
rwgu gauVI
pUrbI, kbIr jI
rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
1
rwgu Awsw Gr 8 rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
ky kwPI mhlw 4
1
auprokq isr-lyK qoN is`D huMdw hY ky ijQy vI AMk mh`ly dy
Q`ly Awvy auh gurU swihb ƒ jxwaudw hY Aqy jy rwg, rwgnI
Aqy jwqIAW Q`ly Awvy qW auh auhnW dy iksmW ƒ jxwaudy
hn[
Based on the above it can be concluded that if the
subscript number appears below Mahla it refers to
the composer Guru and if it apprears below the
Rag, ragni or its sects then it denotes the respective
types.
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Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
iii.
rwg dy sur-qwl dy Gr (The Tune and Beat of Rag)
gurbwxI rwgW ivc aucwrx kIqI hY Aqy sur-qwl dy Gr vI
drswey gey hn;
Following are the pronunciation of the tune and
beat denoted in numbers;
Gru
aucwrx
Gru
aucwrx
Gru 1
Gr pihlw
Gru 10
Gr dsvW
Gru 2
Gr dUjw
Gru 11
Gr igAwrvW
Gru 3
Gr qIjw
Gru 12
Gr bwrvW
Gru 4
Gr cOQw
Gru 13
Gr qyrvW
Gru 5
Gr pMjvW
Gru 14
Gr cOdvW
Gru 6
Gr CyvW
Gru 15
Gr pMdrvW
Gru 7
Gr sqvW
Gru 16
Gr solvW
Gru 8
Gr ATvW
Gru 17
Gr sqwrvW
Gru 9
Gr nwvW
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Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
iv. rwg Aqy sur-qwl dw aucwrx (The Pornunciation of
Title)
isr-lyK
1.
Awsw , Gru 9 ; mhlw 5
2.
Awsw , Gru 11 ; mhlw 5
3.
rwgu Awsw , mhlw 5 ; Gru 12
4.
rwgu Awsw , mhlw 5. ; Gru 13
5.
Awsw , mhlw 5 ; Gru 14
6.
Awsw , mhlw 5 ; Gru 15 , pVqwl
7.
gUjrI , mhlw 3 ; Gru 1
v. AMk Aqy Sbd rUp ivc AMk (boly jwx vwly) (The
Numbers in Words - which should be read)
keI isrlyKW ivc ‘mhlw’ AQvw Gr nwl id`qw sMkyq
AMkW ivc dy ky nwl SbdW ivc vI aucwrx dI syD dyx leI
idqw hoieAw hY, ijvyN;
In some titles Guru Ji has written the numbers in
words as a guide for the pronunciation and this
words must be read after a short punctuation.
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Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
Sbd
1 vi.
gUjA
rI mhlw 3 qIjw
M
k
2 DnwsrI mhlw 3 qIjw
3
4
A
q
gauVI guAwryrI mhlw 4 cauQw
y
soriT mhlw 4 cauQw
vii.
5 viii.
bsMq
A mhlw 3 qIjw
aucwrx
AMg
qIjw do vwr
pVHxw
492
qIjw do vwr
pVHxw
664
cauQw do vwr
pVHxw
163
cauQw do vwr
pVHxw
605
qIjw do vwr
pVHxw
1168
M
k
AMk Aqy Sbd rUp ivc AMk (nhIN boly jwx vwly) (The
Numbers in Words - which should not be read)
Sbd
aucwrx
AMg
1
rwgu isrIrwgu , mhlw pihlw 1 ;
Gru 1 ]
(mh`lw pihlw
qoN bwd ‘1’
nhIN bolxw)
14
2
vfhMsu , mhlw 3; mhlw qIjw
mhlw qIjw nhIN 582
bolxw (A`KrW
ivc mhlw qIjw
ilK bolx dI
syD idqI hYY)
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Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
3
soriT mhlw 1 duqukI pihlw
pihlw nhIN
bolxw
636
4
sveIey mhly pihly ky 1
‘1’ nhIN bolxw 1389
5
sveIey mhly dUjy ky 2
‘2’ nhIN bolxw 1391
6
sveIey mhly qIjy ky 3
‘3’ nhIN bolxw 1392
7
sveIey mhly cauQy ky 4
‘4’ nhIN bolxw 1396
8
sveIey mhly pMjvyN ky 5
‘5’ nhIN bolxw 1406
ix. Sbd Anuswr AMkW dw aucwrx (The Pronunciation of
Number in accordance to the Syllable of the Title)
Sbd
aucwrx
1.
rwgu Awsw Gru 8 ky kwPI
mhlw 4
rwgu Awsw Gru ATvyN ky kwPI
mh`lw 4
2.
rwgu AwswvrI Gru 16 ky 2
mhlw 4 suDMg
rwgu AwswvrI Gru solHvyN ky do
mh`lw 4 suDMg
3.
Awsw mhlw 5 duquky 9
Awsw mh`lw pMjvW du-quky nON
4.
Awsw mhlw 5 dupdw 1
Awsw mh`lw pMjvW du-pdw
iek
5.
rwg ibhwgVw caupdy mhlw 5 rwg ibhwgVw caupdy mh`lw
Gru 2 dy
pMjvW Gru dUjy dy
6.
rwg soriT vwr mhly 4 kI
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rwg soriT vwr mh`ly cauQy
kI
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
x. sMiKAw ivSySx (The Numbers for Count)
i. SbdW dI igxqI (The Count of Shabad)
keI isr-lyKW ivc Kws krky Bgq bwxI ivc iksy ^ws
kwiv-SryxI jW iksy ivSyS ‘Gr’ dy SbdW dI kul igxqI
dw sMkyq vI SbdW dy isrlyKW ivc imldw hY, ijvyN;
In some Shabads in particular to Bhagat Bani the
count of total shabad is written in the title as
following;
Sbd
aucwrx
1
gauVI sRI kbIr jIau ky
caupdy 14
gauVI sRI kbIr jIau ky caupdy cOdW *
2
Awsw sRI kbIr jIau ky pMcpdy Awsw sRI kbIr jIau ky pMc9 duquky 5
pdy nON duquky pMj
3
mhlw 4 rwgu Awsw Gru 6 ky
3
mh`lw 4 rwgu Awsw Gru CyvyN
ky iqMn
4
Awsw , sRI kbIr jIau ky
iqpdy 8 ; duquky 7 ; iek
qukw 1
Awsw, sRI kbIr jIau ky iqpdy A~T, du-quky s~q qy iek
qukw iek
* Aijhy AMg jy swhmxy hox qW pwT smyN aucwrxy hn, jy
A`KrW dy crnI hox qW nhIN pVHny[
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Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
ii. Ckw (Cheka)
ieh Sbd qy iliKAw iCAw SbdW dw AMq iv`c iliKAw hY,
ArQ ienW iCAW dw iek Ckw hY[
The ‘Cheka’ word is written at the end of six
shabads therefore it is named as ‘Cheka’ which
means six.
Sbd
Ckw 1
aucwrx
Ckw ie`k
AMg
528-10, 541-17,
862-2, 983-19, 9866, 1311-19, 1321-6,
1326-19 Aqy 1337-7
iii. SbdW dI igxqI (The count of Shabad)
BgqW dI bwxI ivc keI vwr SbdW dI igxqI AMkw rWhI
drsweI hY, ijvyN;
In Bhagat Bani some of the title carries the count
of the shabad in the particular Rag of Ragni.
Sbd
aucwrx
AMg
1.
gauVI 9
gauVI nwvIN
337-6
2.
gauV8I
gauVI
336-18
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Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
e. sMDI Sbd (Joint Word)
gurbwxI ivc isr-lyK ivc pdy/quky vI drswey gey hn, ijvyN;
In Gurbani joint words are used to define the count of
the stanza as following;
Ssd
aucwrx
1
AstpdIAw
Ast-pdIAw A`T pdy
2
dupdy
du-pdy
2 pdy
3
iqpdy
iq-pdy
3 pdy
4
caupdy
cau-pdy
4 pdy
5
iekqukw
iek-qukw
1 quk
6
duquky
du-quky
2 quky
7
iqquky
iq-quky
3 quky
8
cauquky
cau-quky
4 quky
9
cauqukI
cau-qukI
4 qukW
10
duqukIAw
du-qukIAw
2 quky
11
dupdw
du-pdw
2 pdy
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gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
2. suD (Sudh)
ies pd ƒ aucwrx krnw hY[ ies dy do ArQ bxdy hn;
a. sMkyq - ies bwxI dw aucwrx Su`D kro[
b. icqwvnI - ieh bwxI Su`D kIqI hoeI hY, koeI soDx leI klm nw
c`uky[
3. SbdW dI smwpqI dy AMk (The numbers in the end of Shabad)
i. SbdW ivc igxqI
ikqy ikqy gurU swihbwn ny Awp hI iehnW ‘AMkW’ dw mqlb smJw
idqw hY qy, ieh hdwieq AsW hr QW vrq lYxI hY[ imswl dy qOr
qy—
In some places Guru Ji wrote the total number of Shabad
or Stanzas in words as follows;
i.
AMg 64, mhly pihly dIAW 17 AStpdIAW m`ukx ’qy AMk
17 vrq ky, A`gy iliKAw hY-‘mhly pihly sqwrh
AStpdIAW’[
ii.
AMg 96, rwg mwJ, caupdy m: 4 mu`kx ’qy AMk 7 ilK ky
A`gy iliKAw hY-‘sq caupdy mhly cauQy ky[’
iii.
AMg 228, rwg gauVI[ 16 AStpdIAW dy A^Ir ’qy AMk
16 dy ky iliKAw hY- ‘solh AStpdIAW guAwryrI
gauVI kIAW[’
iv.
AMg 330, rwg gauVI[ kbIr jI dy SbdW dy A^Ir ’qy
AMk 35 ilK ky-‘gauVI guAwryrI ky pdy pYqIs[’
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4. jumlw (Jumlah means Total)
ieh pd ikqy ikqy bwxI dy AMq ivc iliKAw hY[ ijs dw ArQ hY
‘vfw joV’[ ieh lPj PwrsI jubwn dw hY ijs dw Bwv hY ky
auprly sbdW dw joV, jo A`gy AMgW ivc spSt iliKAw hY[ (AMg
242-5)
This is written in Gurbani at the end which means grand
total, this word is originated from a Persian language
which denotes the total number of Shabads.
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gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 2-5
Content
1.0
qukW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Lines)
2.0
pidAW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Stanza)
3.0
juVq pdW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Joint Words)
4.0
sMDI Sbd dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Combined Words)
5.0
SbdW dw SuD aucwrx (The Correct Pronunciation of
Words)
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
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Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
1. qukW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Lines)
duqukI Aqy cauqukI pidAW dw aucwrx srl huMdw hY ikaNik do-do
pMgqIAW (qukW) dw aucwrx iek`Tw kIqw jw skdw hY, pr iqqukI
pidAW dy aucwrx sur dI qwn qIjI quk qy Aw qoVnI cwhIdI hY[
The reading of two and four lines of a stanza is easy as
two lines can be read in a set but the reading of three
lines is difficult as the reading tune must be continuous
for the three lines.
hukmnwmw lYx l`igAW Awm qOr qy AMqlIAW do pMgqIAW (qukW) dw
dUhrI vwrI aucwrx kIqw jWdw hY[ iqqukI SbdW dw hukmnwmw lYx
l`igAW AMqly pdy dIAW iqMnW hI qukW dw aucwrx dUhrI vwrI kIqw
jwxw cwhIdw hY, nw ik kyvl do qukW dw[
While uttering Hukamnama the practice is to repeat the
last two lines of Gurbani but if the shabad comes with a
stanza with three lines then one must repeat three lines
intead of two lines.
i. duqukI (Two Lines)
qU guxdwqO inrmlo BweI inrmlu nw mnu hoie ]
hm AprwDI inrguxy BweI quJ hI qy guxu soie ]1]
myry pRIqmw qU krqw kir vyKu ]
hau pwpI pwKMfIAw BweI min qin nwm ivsyKu ] rhwau ]
ibKu mwieAw icqu moihAw BweI cqurweI piq Koie ]
icq mih Twkuru sic vsY BweI jy gur igAwnu smoie ]2]
rUVO rUVO AwKIAY BweI rUVO lwl clUlu ]
jy mnu hir isau bYrwgIAY BweI dir Gir swcu ABUlu ]3] (637-2)
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Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
ii. iqqukI (Three Lines)
soriT mhlw 1 iqqukI ]
Awsw mnsw bMDnI BweI krm Drm bMDkwrI ]
pwip puMin jgu jwieAw BweI ibnsY nwmu ivswrI ]
ieh mwieAw jig mohxI BweI krm sBy vykwrI ]1]
suix pMifq krmw kwrI ]
ijqu krmu suKu aUpjY BweI su Awqm qqu bIcwrI ] rhwau ]
swsqu bydu bkY KVo BweI krm krhu sMswrI ]
pwKMif mYlu n cUkeI BweI AMqir mYlu ivkwrI ]
ien ibiD fUbI mwkurI BweI aUNfI isr kY BwrI ]2]
durmiq GxI ivgUqI BweI dUjY Bwie KuAweI ]
ibnu siqgur nwmu n pweIAY BweI ibnu nwmY Brmu n jweI ]
siqguru syvy qw suKu pwey BweI Awvxu jwxu rhweI ]3] (635-13)
iii. cauqukI (Four Lines)
soriT mhlw 1 Gru 1 AstpdIAw cauqukI
<> siqgur pRswid ]
duibDw n pVau hir ibnu horu n pUjau mVY mswix n jweI ]
iqRsnw rwic n pr Gir jwvw iqRsnw nwim buJweI ]
Gr BIqir Gru gurU idKwieAw shij rqy mn BweI ]
qU Awpy dwnw Awpy bInw qU dyvih miq sweI ]1]
mnu bYrwig rqau bYrwgI sbid mnu byiDAw myrI mweI ]
AMqir joiq inrMqir bwxI swcy swihb isau ilv lweI ] rhwau ]
AsMK bYrwgI khih bYrwg so bYrwgI ij KsmY BwvY ]
ihrdY sbid sdw BY ricAw gur kI kwr kmwvY ]
eyko cyqY mnUAw n folY Dwvqu vrij rhwvY ]
shjy mwqw sdw rMig rwqw swcy ky gux gwvY ]2] (634-13)
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Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
2. pidAW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Stanza)
a. dupdy (Two Stanzas)
rwgu iblwvlu mhlw 5 dupdy Gru 8 ](827-15)
<> siqgur pRswid ] mY nwhI pRB sBu ikCu qyrw ]
eIGY inrgun aUGY srgun kyl krq ibic suAwmI myrw ]1] rhwau ]
ngr mih Awip bwhir Puin Awpn pRB myry ko sgl bsyrw ]
Awpy hI rwjnu Awpy hI rwieAw kh kh Twkuru kh kh cyrw ]1]
kw kau durwau kw isau blbMcw jh jh pyKau qh qh nyrw ]
swD mUriq guru ByitE nwnk imil swgr bUMd nhI An hyrw ]2]1]117]
b. iqpdy (Three Stanzas)
rwgu rwmklI mhlw 9 iqpdy ] (901-17)
ry mn Et lyhu hir nwmw ]
jw kY ismrin durmiq nwsY pwvih pdu inrbwnw ]1] rhwau ]
bfBwgI iqh jn kau jwnhu jo hir ky gun gwvY ]
jnm jnm ky pwp Koie kY Puin bYkuMiT isDwvY ]1]
Ajwml kau AMq kwl mih nwrwien suiD AweI ]
jW giq kau jogIsur bwCq so giq iCn mih pweI ]2]
nwihn gunu nwihn kCu ibidAw Drmu kaunu gij kInw ]
nwnk ibrdu rwm kw dyKhu ABY dwnu iqh dInw ]3]1]
c. caupdy (Four Stanzas)
mhlw 3 caupdy ] (157-15)
<> siqgur pRswid ]
guir imilAY hir mylw hoeI ]
Awpy myil imlwvY soeI ]
myrw pRBu sB ibiD Awpy jwxY ]
hukmy myly sbid pCwxY ]1]
siqgur kY Bie BRmu Bau jwie ]
BY rwcY sc rMig smwie ]1] rhwau ]
guir imilAY hir min vsY suBwie ]
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Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
myrw pRBu Bwrw kImiq nhI pwie ]
sbid swlwhY AMqu n pwrwvwru ]
myrw pRBu bKsy bKsxhwru ]2]
guir imilAY sB miq buiD hoie ]
min inrmil vsY scu soie ]
swic visAY swcI sB kwr ]
aUqm krxI sbd bIcwr ]3]
gur qy swcI syvw hoie ]
gurmuiK nwmu pCwxY koie ]
jIvY dwqw dyvxhwru ]
nwnk hir nwmy lgY ipAwru ]4]1]21]
d. pMcpdy (Five Stanzas)
gauVI kbIr jI pMcpdy ] (326-7)
ijau jl Coif bwhir BieE mInw ]
pUrb jnm hau qp kw hInw ]1]
Ab khu rwm kvn giq morI ]
qjI ly bnwrs miq BeI QorI ]1] rhwau ]
sgl jnmu isv purI gvwieAw ]
mrqI bwr mghir auiT AwieAw ]2]
bhuqu brs qpu kIAw kwsI ]
mrnu BieAw mghr kI bwsI ]3]
kwsI mghr sm bIcwrI ]
ECI Bgiq kYsy auqris pwrI ]4]
khu gur gj isv sBu ko jwnY ]
muAw kbIru rmq sRI rwmY ]5]15]
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
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Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
e. iekquky caupdy (One Line Four Stanzas)
Awsw mhlw 5 iekquky caupdy ] (374-18)
iek GVI idnsu mo kau bhuqu idhwry ]
mnu n rhY kYsy imlau ipAwry ]1]
ieku plu idnsu mo kau kbhu n ibhwvY ]
drsn kI min Aws GnyrI
koeI AYsw sMqu mo kau iprih imlwvY ]1] rhwau ]
cwir phr chu jugh smwny ]
rYix BeI qb AMqu n jwny ]2]
pMc dUq imil iprhu ivCoVI ]
BRim BRim rovY hwQ pCoVI ]3]
jn nwnk kau hir drsu idKwieAw ]
Awqmu cIin@ prm suKu pwieAw ]4]15]
f. iqpdy cwrquky (Four Line Three Stanzas)
gauVI kbIr jI iqpdy cwrquky ] (326-17)
jm qy aulit Bey hY rwm ]
duK ibnsy suK kIE ibsrwm ]
bYrI aulit Bey hY mIqw ]
swkq aulit sujn Bey cIqw ]1]
Ab moih srb kusl kir mwinAw ]
sWiq BeI jb goibdu jwinAw ]1] rhwau ]
qn mih hoqI koit aupwiD ]
aulit BeI suK shij smwiD ]
Awpu pCwnY AwpY Awp ]
rogu n ibAwpY qInO qwp ]2]
Ab mnu aulit snwqnu hUAw ]
qb jwinAw jb jIvq mUAw ]
khu kbIr suiK shij smwvau ]
Awip n frau n Avr frwvau ]3]17]
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
Page 103
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
3. juVq pdW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Joint Words)
gurbwxI juVq SbdW dw aucwrx inKyV ky krnw cwhIdw hY[
The pronunciation of joint words must be uttered separately.
Sbd
aucwrx
ArQ
1.
dyvnhwrw
dyvn-hwrw
dyx vwlw
2.
bilhwrIAY
bil-hwrIAY
vwrny jwxw
3.
swDsMig
swD-sMig
swDsMgq
4.
krxYhwrw
krxY-hwrw
krx vwlw
5.
suigAwnI
su-igAwnI
syRSt igAwnI
6.
dunIAwdwr
dunIAw-dwr
igRsqI
7.
Aihinis
Aih-inis
idn-rwq
8.
bKsxhwrw
bKsx-hwrw
bKSn vwlw
9.
ATsiT
AT-siT
68
10. ivswrxhwrw
ivswrx-hwrw
dUr krn vwlw
11. jmkwlu
jm-kwlu
mOq dw Pirsqw
12. AauguxvMqI
Aaugux-vMqI
AOaugxW vwlI
13. Aqolvw
A-qolvw
nw qoilAw jwx
vwlw
14. Bogxhwru
Bogx-hwru
Bogx vwlw
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
Page 104
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
15. clxhwru
clx-hwru
clx vwlw
16. mytxhwru
mytx-hwru
imtwaux vwlw
17. Anidnu
An-idnu
idn-rwq
18. minmuiK
min-muiK
mn Aqy muK
19. imlwvxhwru
imlwvx-hwru
imlwaux vwlw
20. kwtxhwrw
kwtx-hwrw
ktx vwlw
21. svwrxhwru
svwrx-hwru
svwrx vwlw
22. auqwrxhwr
auqwrx-hwr
mukqI krn vwlw
23. AxpiVAw
Ax-piVAw
nhI piVHAw
24. AwigAwkwrI
AwigAw-kwrI
AwigAw ivc
rihx vwlw
4. sMDI Sbd (Pronunciation of Combined Words)
gurbwxI ivc sMDI Sbd hn ijMnHW dw aucwrx ArQW dy Anuswr hI krnw
cwhIdw hY, ijvyN;
In Gurbani there are combined words which must be
pronounced in according to the meaning, as follow;
Sbd Aqy aucwrn
sMpurn Sbd
ArQ
1.
ik®pwl / ikrpwil
ikrpw + Awl
ikrpw dw Gr
2.
dYAwlu / dieAwl
dieAw + Awl
dieAw dw Gr
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
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Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
3.
prmwnµd
prm + AnMd
sRySt krky AnMd
4.
dmodr
dm + Edr
r`sI nwl iFf
bxvaun vwlw
5.
AMimRqu
AM + imRqu
mOq qoN rihq
6.
inrMjnu
inr + AMjnu
ibnw kwly dwg qoN
7.
iedwsix
ied +Awsix
ieMdR dw Awsn
8.
duKwlw
duK + Awlw
duK dw Gr
9.
nwrwiex
nwr + Awiex
nrW dw Gr
5. SbdW dw SuD aucwrx
lK
(The Correct Pronunciation of Words)
jwx lYxw, to know, to
realise
AlK
buJY
gurw
nwvw
nwie
nwvxu
AqY
mskiq
mY
l`K
Al`K
buJw dyxw, Closing
something. For example –
putting off fire
Guru - singular
name
name
nwm, name
gurW
n´wvw
n´wie
nw´vxu
A`qY
ms`kiq
or
mYN
roop, saroop
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
b`uJY
Page 106
lwK [Lakh (100,000)]
1. jo jwixAw nw jw sky, smJ qoN
pry (beyond understanding)[
2. AidRS (unseen)
Solving or resolving e.g.
solving a puzzle
Guru - plural
bathing
bathing
nHwauxw, ieSnwn krnw, to take
bath “nwvhu Dovhu iqlku
cVwvhu]” (rwm AÚ mÚ 1)
extreme, atrocity, limit
qklIP, imhnq, Gwlxw
Hardwork, Strive
I, me
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
mwgY
kusw
suDI
rupw
mqI
pq
mx`kVw
ivgsu
ivgisAw
ikrKw
glI
mulw
sdyeI
mhlu
d`B , kuh su`tW
inrI , only
name
vote, opinion, religion,
faith,
Honour, dignity,good
name, reputation, chasity
Bead, jewel , stone
(vwhux) dI ikRXw, hl nwl
lkIrW k`FxIAW , vhweI[ 2.
gufweI, KyqI ivc inkMmy Gwh
ƒ iK`cxw
narrow road, pathway
GrW koiTAW dy ivckwr rsqw,
“isr Dir qlI glI morI
Awau.” “myro suMdru khhu imlY
ikqu glI?” phwV iv`c
lMGx dw drw [
Forever
mhlw (iesqRI-wife) leI
mhl Sbd AwieAw hY “mhl
kucjI mVvVI kwlI mnhu
ksuD ]” (mÚ 1. vwr mwrU 1)
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
Page 107
mWgY
ku`sw
su`DI
r`upw
m`qI
p`q
mxkVw
ivg`su
ivg`isAw
ikr`Kw
asking
Female genetial
purification
silver
msqI, mwieAw dy nSy ivc msq ho
ky, intoxicated
p`qy, leaves
metal ball on a fish net
blossom
ivkws huMdw hY, iKVdw hY, ivkisq
hoieAw[ 2. pRsMn huMdw hY, “kry
Awip Awpy ivgsIqw.” (mÚ 3.
vwr gUj 1) “vyKY ibgsY kir
vIcwru.” (jpu)
ik-r`Kw, kI riKAw
glIN
talk, words,
g`lW nwl, bwqoN sy, “glIN su sjx
vIh” “igAwnu n glIeI FUFIAY.”
2. g`lW iv`c.
m`ulW
s`dyeI
Muslim priest
mh`lu
bulwvygw, bulwauNdw hY, s`dygI,
s`ddI hY, “nwnk AwKY gor sdyeI
]” (sRI mÚ 1), call
sMgÎw- srUp (Almighty’s
form), pwqswh (King), hlUl
(dibsœwny mzwhb)- auqwrdw Bwv
lIn krdw hY jW (auqrn) dI QW
(iesy leI SRI gurU nwnk dyv jI dy
jwnSIn mhl khy jWdy hn ik ie`k
gurU Awpxy qweIN dUjy iv`c hælUl
(auqwrdw) hY, Gr, rhx dw
AsQwn. pwswd[ 5. injpd.
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
APirAw
AP`irAw
kuPkVy
kuP`kVy
mhqu
iv- PYilAw hoieAw[ spread
over
mh`q
infirAw
ksvtI
in`firAw
ksv`tI
klqu
kl`qu
kilq
Awvtxu
rqI
smDw
kil`q
hnyrw, darkness
rq hoeI , rMgI hoeI [ riq,
pRIiq, love , immersed,
hvn dI A`g dIAW lkVW,
fire wood used for
sacrificial fire.
“mn qn smDw jy krI anu
idn agin jlwie” (sRI mÚ
1) 3. agin[
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
Page 108
Awv`txu
r`qI
sm`Dw
inrvwx. “AMimRqu pIvih, qw suK
lhih mhlu.” (sRI mÚ 3)
Arok, AwPirAw hoieAw, bloat,
flatulence
Koty kMmW dI pkV ivc, in the
entrapment of evil deeds
vfw (great)[
Without fear
ie`k Kws jwiq dy kwly p`Qr dI
qKqI, ijs au~pr sony ƒ Gswky
prKIdw hY[ 2. prIKÎw,
iemqhwn, “rwm ksautI so shY jo
mrjIvw hoie[” (s. kbIr)
vhutI, “qnu Dnu klqu sBu dyKu
AiBmwnw” (iblw AÚ mÚ 1) “puqR
klqR mhw ibiKAw mih guir swcY
lwie qrweI.” (rwm AÚ mÚ 5),
jmw kIqw, sMgRh (ie`kTw) kirAw,
kilq (jmw kIqw) Dn[ 2. gRisAw
hoieAw[ “kilq kRoD” (pwrswv)
3. isMgwirAw hoieAw, sjwieAw
“Awsqrn br imRdul kilq kr.”
(gu.pR.sU) 4. jwixAw hoieAw.
gÎwq[ 5. mnohr, suMdr[
aubwlw, burnt
A`T cwvl Br pRmwx (the weight
equivalent to eight grains of
rice), QoVw (least), qink, r`qI
Br “rqI rqu n inklY” (s.
PrId), sesame seed,
“eyk rqI ibn eyk rqI ky.”
(Akwl)
syRSt krky ivcwly, in the center
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
krvqu
ipT krnI, to turn back
krv`qu
pVY
ifg, pYNdw hY, fall
pVHY
plY
B`j jwxw, to run
p`lY
kivq
Awprsw
kivqw, poetry
kiv`q
Awp`rsw
iekTIAw
iekTy
nwgw
jsudw
1. nWgw pauxw, aupvws,
absence, to miss
nûd gop dI iesqRI, ijs ny
ikRSn jI ƒ pwilAw[
Yasodha, the lady who
took care of Krishan.
aulQVy
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
iek`TIAw
iek`Ty
nWgw
jo sprS nhIN krdw, Dwqu Awid ƒ
nw Chux dw ijs ny vRq DwirAw hY
“sompwk Aprs aidAwnI”
(bwvn) 2. jo AwpNy mn ƒ ivkwrW
dy sMg qoN Alg rKdw hY, jo
kukrmW ƒ Cuëhdw nhIN, “nwnk
koit mDy ko AYsw Aprs.”
(suKmnI), one who maintains a
fast of never to touch anything
or the one who is untouchable
by evil desires
iek`qr, gathered
iek`qr, gathered
ijs dy AMg pur vsqR nhIN “bwbw
nWgVw AwieAw jg mih” (vf mÚ
1. AlwhxIAw) “bwhuiV jwsI
nwgw”(sRI mÚ 1. phry) , without
clothes
jsu`dw
aul`QVy
Page 109
krpqR, Awrw (saw), lÜkVI cIrn
dw ie`k dMdydwr sMd, “mno rUK kty
krvqRn ky” (ikRsnwv) 2. purwxy
smyN kwSI Aqy pRXwg iv`c ie`k
Awrw sI, ijs hyT AnykW lok
mukiq pwaux leI kt mrdy sn
“ArD srIr ktweIAY isir krvqu
Drwie.” (sRI AÚ mÚ 1)
pVn dI ikirAw, pVHdw hY, “pVY
suxwvY qqu n cInI” (rwm AÚ mÚ
1)
p`lw pkVxw, to hold the edge
means to to embrace the
sanctuary.
ivSyS krky Aw auqry
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
ivsrjI
Bgqw
dsIN
isKY
ikrKY
svlI
srbiq
srbsu
sweI
guAwc geI, Bul geI, lost or
forgotten
nwm, Name
ds (10), Ten (10)
isAwml, sWvlw, grey
“Kwie AGweI svlI gorI”
(nwpR)
swrIAW g`lW (bwqW), all the
talks
swrw Dn pdwrQ, swrI
ivBUiq, “kr gih lIny srbsu
dIny.” (sor mÚ 5) 2. swry
rs “srbsu Coif mhwrs
pIjY.” (gau kbIr)
1. swrw, srb, vhI, EhI “jo
quD BwvY sweI BlI kwr”
(jpu), all, entire,
particularly[ 2. iksy sOdy dy
p`kw krn leI pySgI id`qI
rkm- sweI, deposit, down
payment[
gurmqy
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
Page 110
ivs`rjI
ividAw ho geI, clI geI [
BgqW
Bgq dw bhu vcn, devotees,
worshippers, pious persons,
holyman (in plural)
tell, d~sxw
d`sI
is`KY
ikr`KY
sv`lI
learns , is~KNw
k`ty
nPy vwlI “ldy Kyp svlI.” (sRI
CMq mÚ 5), profitable
srb`iq
sB QW, sB jgw. “srb mwn
srbqR mwn” (jwpu) “AMqir
bwhir srbiq rivAw” (sRI CMq mÚ
5), 2. swry simAW iv`c, srv
kwl my, “jIA jMq srbq nwau
qyrw iDAwvxw” (vwr sor mÚ 4)
“hir BgqW kw mylI srbq” (vwr
iblw mÚ 4) “dXwlM srbqR
jIAw” (shs mÚ 5) 3. sB,
qmwm, “qyry Bwxy srb`q dw
Blw.”
(Ardws)
srb`su
swrw v`s ivc hoxw, to have
everything in control
sWeI
suAwmI, mwilk “ijQY jweIAY jgq
mih iqQY hir sweIN.” (vwr iblw
mÚ 4), Master[
&wrsI (Persian) - prmysur
(God, Almighty)[
gurm`qy
gurW dy aupdyS, Guru’s
instruction
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
Bju
aucwrx kro, syvn kro[ to
recite, to utter or to
meditate
“myry mn hir Bju sdw iek
rMig ]” (48-18, isrIrwgu, mhlw
B`ju
kR. iv-Bjky (to run), n`T, dOV
“suix mn myry Bju sqgur srxw
]” (33-9, isrIrwgu, mhlw 3), to run
B`jhu
B`j ky jwxw, to run “mn ry sdw
Bjhu hir srxweI ]”
5)
Bjhu
Kwiekw
kusqu
Bjn kro, BgqI kro, to sing
Almighty’s praises
“inrBau hoie Bjhu Bgvwn
]” (201-8, gauVI, mhlw 5)
&w. (Persian) - mwirAw,
kql kIqw[
vjdy
AwglVY
bnI
mq
(31-3, isrIrwgu, mhlw 3)
KwiekW
kus`qu
v`jdy
Awgl-VY
bx geI, has happened
nwh (don’t, do not)
“bwmn kih kih jnmu mq
Koey ]1] rhwau ]” (324-17,
bMnI
m`q
mUrKW, fools
1. bdI (false) “muhhu kUV kusqu
iqnI FwihAw ]” (vr sRI mÚ 4)
2. nIc pRikRiq (low,
demerit)“kUV kusqu iqRsnw Agin
buJwey ]” (Dnw mÚ 3) 3. Awls
(lazy), au~dm dw ABwv[ 4.
ADrm nwl kmwieAw Dn (illegal
wealth).
vibrates, plays
A`gy, A~gR Bwv swhmxy, in front
(sMpRdweI tIkw ig: Bgvwn isMG jI
ny vI eyho ArQ mMinAw)
wall, bride, young girl
m`q (intellect), “mY mq jobin
grib gwlI duDw QxI n Awvey ]”
(242-9, gauVI pUrbI, mhlw 1)
gauVI, kbIr jI)
mwqw
mW, mwiqR, mother “gurdyv
mwqw gurdyv ipqw.” (bwvn)[
mw`qw
sB-rweI
sBnW iv`coN vDky pRkwS krn
vwlI, pRDwn rwxI (ptrwxI)
“sw kulvMqI sw sBrweI jo
ipr kY rMig svwrI jIau]”
(mwJ mÚ 5) [ Queen - the
s-BrweI
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
Page 111
msq hoieAw, engrossed,
intoxicated “qyrw jnu rwm
rswieix mwqw ]” (dyv mÚ 5) [
AiBmwnI, AhMkwrI. “mwqw BYsw
Amuhw jwie ]” (gau kbIr) BwvAhMkwrI mn AQvw mwXw md iv`c
msq KorI AwdmI, pride person[
suB guxW BrwvW dy sihq, one
with merits[
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
most influential queen,
born in a royal family.
sumiq
nwm, Name
sum`iq
sqir
privacy, curtain, ladies’
apartment
s`qir
rjw
rq
rwqw
muslw
1. mnjUrI, AMgIkwr,
acceptance[ 2. krqwr dw
Bwxw, Will of God. “rjw
mih rihnw rwjI [” (gu.pR.sU)
lwhU, blood
rwqW, night
ieslwm Dwrn vwlw,
muslmwn* (a Muslim)[
* muslw Anwdr boDk Sbd
hY.
Avil
rhsIE
r`jw
r`q
rw`qw
mus`lw
A`vil
1. eykWq (lonely) 2. Cupwaux
lwiek bwq (to hide), gupq
Byq (secret)[
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-5
Page 112
rh`sIE
au~qm bu`iD, pure intellect “dws
kau sumiq dIqI ]” (sor mÚ 5)
2. syRSt bu`iD vwlw ivvykI purK.
1. s`qr- 70 (seventy 70) [ 2.
dyKo q sqr 5. “sqir kwbw Gt
hI BIqir.” (Awsw kbIr) gupq
kwbw Gt hI BIqir.
r`jW, iqRpq hoxw, satisfied. “quDu
swlwih n rjw kbhUM ]” (mwJ AÚ
mÚ 3) 2.pRsMnqw. ÞuSnUdI [
riqAw, immersed
riqAw, immersed
nmwz pVHn dw Awsx, “imhr
msIiq isdku muslw.” (mÚ 1. vwr
mwJ) “scu invwj XkIn muslw]”
(mwrU solhy mÚ 5), the carpet
used for Muslim prayers.
A`vl (early, first), Awid
(before time). mu`F. AwrMB
(begining)[ 2. iv- pRQm.
pihlw[
Awnûd (bliss) “Aiq hoie rhs
min ]” (svYXy mÚ 4. ky)
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